be the difference! eliminate the hazard!

Be the Difference! – Eliminate the Hazard!Scott C Cedarquist

Director Standards & Technical ActivitiesASABE

James D Wasserman, P EngVice President – Saskatchewan Operations

PAMI

Karl W Klotzbach, P Eng/PEProduct Safety & Compliance Engineer

CNH Industrial America LLC

7 October 2015

Be the Difference! – Eliminate the Hazard!

If it were only that easy…


Hierarchy of Protective Measures

• Alternative design solutions

• Robust parts/processes

• Provide guarding / shielding

• Instructions and warnings

• Operator training

• PPE


Primary Objectives of Manufacturers

Design Products For Customer Use

Offer Products That Are Safe To Use

SALEABLE - MARKETABLE

SAFE

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Basic Product Design Process


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ProductDelivery

ManufacturingDesign &Testing

Concept Development

Business Plan

ProgramApproval

ProgramLaunch

ProductionApproval

ShippingApproval

Phase-Gate Development Program


Integrating Product Safety


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Using Standards in the Process


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• Product Definition• Risk Assessment Principles• Safety of Control Systems


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ISO 12100:2010

5.6 Risk evaluation

5.6.1 GeneralAfter risk estimation has been completed,risk evaluation shall be carried out todetermine if risk reduction is required. Ifrisk reduction is required, then appropriateprotective measures shall be selected andapplied (see Clause 6). As shown in Figure1, the adequacy of the risk reduction shallbe determined after applying each of thethree steps of risk reduction described inClause 6. As part of this iterative process,the designer shall also check whetheradditional hazards are introduced or otherrisks increased when new protectivemeasures are applied. If additional hazardsdo occur, they shall be added to the list ofidentified hazards and appropriateprotective measures will be required toaddress them.

Achieving the objectives of risk reductionand a favourable outcome of riskcomparison applied when practicable givesconfidence that risk has been adequatelyreduced.




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• Hazard Identification• Product Safety Reviews• Component Considerations


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SAFE

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• Operating Instructions• Guarding and Shielding• Safety Signs and Warnings


Delivery of Safe Products


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• Applying principles of risk assessment• Identifying machine hazards• Using standards for design guidance• Iterative product safety reviews• Robust protective measures


Who is ASABE?

• Founded: 1907 as the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE)

• We are closely aligned with CSBE– http://csbe-scgab.ca/

• Standards an active topic for 100 years

• ASAE became ASABE in 2005

• ASABE has ~8,000 Members in nearly 100 countries

http://csbe-scgab.ca/

Q: Why are standards needed?A: They bring order from chaos!

What is a standard?

• From ANSI training: “Formal technical documents for generally accepted products, processes, procedures and policies.”

• From the British Standards Institute: “In essence, a standard is an agreed way of doing something. It could be about making a product, managing a process, delivering a service or supplying materials – standards can cover a huge range of activities undertaken by organizations and used by their customers.”

Reasons for Standards• Provide interchangeability between similarly functional products

and systems; improving compatibility, safety and performance for users;

• Improving availability and economy by reducing component variety required;

• Improve personal safety: operating equipment & application of products & materials;

• Establish performance criteria for products, materials, or systems;• Provide a common basis for testing, analyzing, describing, or

informing regarding the performance and characteristics of products, methods, materials, or systems;

• Provide design data in readily available form;• Develop a sound scientific basis for codes, education, and

legislation; promote uniformity of practice;• Provide an technical origin for international standardization;• Increase efficiency of engineering effort in design, development,

and production.

The Importance of Standardization

Sources of Standards

• National– Each country has a national standards body

– In the US it is the American National Standards Institute (accredits ASABE and others)

– In Canada it is the Standards Council of Canada (accredits CSA and others)

• International– ISO, IEC, ITU, OECD

– ASTM, ICC, IEEE

ANSI Essential Requirements

Requirements for American National Standards activities

ASABE follows for all standards

Safety and Standards

• ASABE currently publishes over 250 standards

–29 have safety in their title

–60 have “safety” as a keyword for search purposes

–163 use the word safety somewhere in the document

ASABE Process1

6

5

4

3

2

NEED (anyone)

SCOPE/BALANCE

DRAFTING

ADDRESS COMMENTS

(Procedural)APPROVAL

PUBLICATION

Oversight CteeBallot*

Standards DevelCtee Ballot*

Project Lead

Oversight CteeBallot*

ASABE Staff

Project Proposal(PPF)

*Numerical requirements must be met and comments addressedhttp://www.asabe.org/media/41352/2011-03-04_ansi-approved_asabe_standardization_procedures.pdf

may require going back a step and then re-balloting

may require PL to more adequately address comments –then re-ballot oversight committee

http://www.asabe.org/media/41352/2011-03-04_ansi-approved_asabe_standardization_procedures.pdf

The Benefits of ISO

One Standard, One Test, One Certificate of Conformity Worldwide”

Eliminates need to compare national, or regional, standards for different requirements

Nearly 20,000 published standards – and expanding as needed to meet newly identified needs

Geneva: 1952

• ISO/TC 23 Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry was founded in 1952.

• Scope: Standardization of tractors, machines, systems, implements and their equipment used in agriculture and forestry as well as gardening, landscaping, irrigation and other related areas in which such equipment is used, including electronic/electrical aspects as well as electronic identification of all categories of animals

• Currently Publishes 362 Standards

• Several formal subcommittees: Including one focused on safety and comfort of the operator

International Participation• Global input brings together differences in farming practices and

safety perspectives from around the globe

• International standards help facilitate international trade

Stages in ISO Standard Development

*May be skipped (vote or discretion of project lead/secretariat)

1

6

5

4

3

2

PROPOSAL

PREPARATORY

COMMITTEE

ENQUIRY

APPROVAL

PUBLICATION

Working DraftWD*

Committee DraftCD*

Draft International StandardDIS

Final Draft International StandardFDIS*

Publication-International StandardIS

New Work ItemNWIP

How Do I Find Standards

• ASABE:

http://elibrary.asabe.org/

• CSA: http://shop.csa.ca/?gclid=CjwKEAjwyemvBRDFpN3E5_bs9BQSJAA5n8L2C84COtfCyxObI_dW6BsGHqmvyPRurazIAp1n2ow__hoCxw3w_wcB

• ISO and others:

http://www.nssn.org/

http://elibrary.asabe.org/

http://shop.csa.ca/?gclid=CjwKEAjwyemvBRDFpN3E5_bs9BQSJAA5n8L2C84COtfCyxObI_dW6BsGHqmvyPRurazIAp1n2ow__hoCxw3w_wcB

http://www.nssn.org/

Safety Expert Participation

Open Meetings

Significant Safety Content in Many Standards

Opportunity to Provide Expertise as Part of the Overall Process

Active Topic Examples:Something for Everybody

• Automated Milking Installations

• Loader Safety

• SMV Revision

• Grain Bin Safe Entry

• Anhydrous Ammonia Applicator Design

• Safe Storage of Solid Biofuel


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Dave Shanahan / Priya Malik

OHS Standards Project Managers

Agricultural Machinery Standards


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INDEPENDENT. Not-for-profit.

• Standards touch us all, each day• Leader in developing standards

for more than 90 years• Serving business, industry,

consumers and government• 9,000 members• More than 2,800 published

standards


Incidents

Regulations

StandardsAssessments

Certification

Regulations, Standards, Certification


comprised of volunteers from:

• Government (agriculture and labour)

• Industry (manufacturers and distributors)

• Users (farmers, and agricultural organizations)

• Farm Safety Groups (OFA, CASA, WSPS)

• Engineering and Research Organizations

Developing Canadian national standards since 1990.

Agricultural Machinery Committee


Agricultural equipment includes:

• tractors, harvesters, and other self-propelled machines used for agricultural operations

• towed implements, wagons, and combinations of mobile equipment designed primarily for agricultural operations


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Tractors• Lighting & Marking• Braking and Steering Systems• Stability and Roll-over protection systems• Operator seats – vibration control and seat belts• Air quality and noise protection in cabs• Roll-over Protection Structures (ROPS)

Towed Implements• Electrical connections, couplers, and controls• PTO’s and drawbars• Safety Chains

Portable Grain Augers, Front-end Loaders, etc.Safety Signs and Symbols


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An Example Standard

CSA M669-11: Lighting and Marking of Agricultural Equipment on Highways and Roadways

• an adoption of ANSI/ASAE S279.15• 2011 edition is the 5th edition• a CSA national standard since 1993• related to other CSA standards on lighting and electrical

systems for mobile machinery and towed implements


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CSA M669-11 Contents:1. Scope and Application

2. Referenced Documents

3. Definitions

4. Material Specifications (fluorescence, reflectivity, durability)

5. Specifications for Luminaires (colour, brightness, and direction)

6. Placement and Function of Lighting and Marking Components

7. Operational Checks and Maintenance

8. Guidance on Specific Applications (foul weather, emergencies)

9. Relationship with other Signage and Marking Standards

10. Related Resource Materials


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CSA OHS Standards Web Site: ohs.csa.ca


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But Standards are more than Engineers on their Drafting Boards

http://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCNziidakhMgCFYk9kgodSz8CFw&url=http://cadetheat.com/blog/engineering-interns/&psig=AFQjCNFdDRRWSLuzRcDY2STdl2g-5pP55w&ust=1442792904395285

http://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CAcQjRxqFQoTCNziidakhMgCFYk9kgodSz8CFw&url=http://cadetheat.com/blog/engineering-interns/&psig=AFQjCNFdDRRWSLuzRcDY2STdl2g-5pP55w&ust=1442792904395285


Standards have brought you safer and user friendly guards


And the previously discussed Lighting and Marking Standard for safe transport of Agricultural machines on public roadways

Has also generated a handy User Guide for Farmers


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And Standards are more than Committees meeting in Board Rooms


Standards Development can require field testingSuch as occurred in the development ofCSA M688 Portable Agricultural Augers

To answer questions around guard plugging99 99 90-97

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And other challenges with current guards


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And potential solutions……

Be the Difference! – Eliminate the Hazard!Standards have brought you safer Hitching Systems for our larger faster equipment..

And useful guide books for the farmers/users


But that hitching standard had some interesting roots in its development….

• The larger equipment appeared to be warranting an extremely large safety chain that was no longer practical

• So some folks in Western Canada set out to prove that smaller chains ‘would safely do the job’

• In the following videos you will see testing led by Brian Olson and PAMI engineers

• A large 4 wheel drive tractor towing a large loaded grain cart will be unhooked while travelling at road speed to test the safety chain

• Enjoy !!


PANEL

DISCUSSION


THANK YOU!