battle of sisak

8/18/2019 Battle of Sisak

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The ceasefire in the Ottoman-Habsburg wars, concluded in 1568, and extended until 1593, did not bring eace tothe !roatian border" The Tur#s still raided !roatia, $ran%s#a and &ta%ers#a from 'osnia" The defense of !roatiawas remo(ed to the ri(ers $ua and $orana" )or some time !roatia still held the exosed, but strongl* fortified'iha+" )rom isa# to the fortified $arlo(ac the #ra%ina of the $ua !onfinia !olaiana. was defended b* castleswith ermanent garrisons of harami, who recei(ed their ermanent catain 1589"

'an Toma /rdedi acti(el* sought to secure the reli0uiae reli0uiarum of the #ingdom of !roatia" n the first *ear ofhis reign he defeated Ottoman Tur#ish raiders returning from $ran%s#a at lun%" Two *ears later he defeated thesand2a#-beg of a#rac-!ernica at (ani+ 'ut the (ictories did not ease the ressure on !roatia"

n 1591 Hasan-a4a redo%e(i+ became the 'osnian beglerbeg" He strengthened the Ottoman 'osnian ro(incialforces, e0uied them with better horses and erected a bridge at radi4#a so that he could maneu(er between'osnia and la(onia with greater ease" n the beginning of ugust he attac#ed isa#, but retreated after a four da*

bombardment before the arri(al of the forces led b* ban /rdedi and the sureme catain of the la(onian #ra%ina,tefan rasswein"fter recei(ing ermission from the sultan 7urat for more serious actions against !roatia, in the sring of159 he built the eni Hisar fort later named etrin%a. at the confluence of etrin%ica into $ua" t was to be a

base for attac#s on isa#" The +eha%a deut*. of Hasan-a4a, :ustem-beg, erected a bridge across $ua at 'rest,while Hasan-a4a assaulted 'iha+ and catured it on the 19th of une" ;on his return to la(onia from &ta%ers#ahe defeated the troos of the !roatian ban on the 19th of ul* at 'rest, and again bombarded isa# on <th ul*"

He lifted the siege on the 9th"'* the beginning of une 1593, Hasan-a4a mo(ed on isa# for the third time" The large guns and the train werecarried b* 9 4a%#as b* the a(a to radi4#a" n %ust se(eral hours he catured =ren>ina on the 1<th une" On thenext da* he made cam on the right ban# of the $ua"The sources disagree considerabl* on the si?e of his arm*" He most robabl* did not ha(e more than 1@@@combatants A %anissaries, a?as, siahis, a#ind2is" Onl* a small number could ha(e been armed with firearms"n this camaign articiated the sand2a#-begs of B(orni#, $lis-Ci(no, Ci#a, Hercego(ina, a#rac-!ernica,o2ega, Oraho(ac, 'iha+ and Du>itrn, and the catains of etrin%a and radi4#a"The arm* robabl* also contained some troos from the sand2a#s of Osi%e# and $r#a"

fter recei(ing the news of Hasan-a4aEs mo(e on isa#, troos began to gather at (eta $lara, near Bagreb"bout 5@@@ feudal troos of !roatia and $ran%s#aF #ra%i4ni#s, merial troos, and us#o#s" 'an Toma /rdedicame with his coman* and feudal troos, in all 1<@ troos" !olonel :urecht /ggenberg with :eitenau imerialregiment of 3 comanies A about 15@@ men" !olonel ndreas (on uerserg, the sureme catain of !roatia, with3@@ ar0uebusiers armored horsemen. of $arlo(ac, 1@@ ar0uebusiers of $oro4#a under catain !hristohObrutschan, @@ feudal horsemen of $ran%s#a under catain dam :auber and 16@ mus#eteers from $arlo(acand $oro4#a under catains eorg and igismund aradeiser" !olonel 7elchior :Gdern with 5@@ ilesianhorsemen archers armed with firearms." Cieutenant !olonel rasswein, catain of the la(onian #ra%ina with<@@ soldiers" etar /rdedi, catain of us#o#s, with 5@@ us#o#s" 7artin ietschni# with about 1@@ horsemen of the7ontecuccoli regiment"To this number se(eral hundred more light horsemen can be added hussars. and irregular infantr*"The Habsburg-!roat forces had 1I6@ ar0uebusiers or mus#eteers, not counting mus#eteers that must ha(e been

resent in other units"

The arm* of Hasan-a4a was numericall* suerior, but the !hristians had the edge in fireower, efficienc* and

strength"Onl* the unified command ga(e some ad(antage to the Tur#s"

The !hristian arm* mo(ed on isa#" fter defeating an Ottoman detachment of 3@@ men it reached the castleBelina on the 19th une" t remained there on the next da*, awaiting ura% Brins#i from 7eJumur%e" ince he didnot arri(e, the arm* roceeded on the 1 to Ko(i grad on the a(a" after disuting in a council it was decided tofight the battle immediatel*, without reconnaissance"

isa# was defended b* 'la2 Lura# and 7ati%a )inti+ with 3@@ soldiers, and some recruits and (olunteers from the(icinit*, and about 1@@ men /ggenberger from lo(enia" n all, 8@@ men"fter erecting a bridge o(er the $ua, Hasan ositioned his guns on the left ban# of the ri(er, and targeted thegate and the tower b* the $ua" He soon breached a segment of the wall" caling assault was reulsed, but thegarrison was demorali?ed"

On the mo(e from Ko(i grad to isa#, uerserg ositioned the !hristian force in two battle lines, as was usual inthe imerial arm*" n the first line went !roatian soldiers, light horsemen hussars., infantr* and uersergEstroos, and in the second line :GdernEs and 7ontecuccoliEs horsemen and :eitenauEs infantr*" n such order thearm* mo(ed on"



6fter crossing to the right ban# of the a(a, Hasan mo(ed on the !hristian arm* with about 1@ @@@ men" On the

left wing, b* the Odra, were foot archers, in the center and on the right ca(alr*" The battle began around noon" The

!roats horsemen. under /rdGd* were the first to attac#" 6fter the* were reelled, the ar0uebusiers went intoaction, and then other troos with firearms" )or a time it seemed that Ottoman ca(alr* could outflan# and en(elo

the !hristians, but their second line stoed them" The Tur#s were under ressure and retired from fire" Then the

garrison attac#ed their rearguard and catured the bridge" The Tur#s could not retreat" Onl* se(eral hundred sa(ed

themsel(es" The remainder was #illed, catured or drowned in $ua or Odra"

The whole battle lasted less than an hour" The !hristian losses were insignificant, <@ to 5@ dead according to theirown records"

The Ottoman sources admit losing 8@@@ #illed, among those Hasan-a4a and < sand2a#-begs"The Tur#s on the oosite ban# of the $ua burnt their cam and retreated" The wa* to 3etrin%a la* oen, but

/ggenberg could not attac# it without imerial ermission"



Habsburgs:

Commander: Andreas v. Auersperg

1) Count Don Plaggei – 300 mounted, armored arquebusiers Auersperg!s

li"e guards)

#) Adam $auber %u &eine'( u. reutberg rainis'*+stndis'*er

$ittmeister) – #00 mounted arquebusiers

3) C*ristop* v. -bruts'*an %u Altenburg rnten $ittmeister) – 100mounted arquebusiers bot* t*e Carint*ian and Carniolan 'ompanies

ere in 'uirass and !tiger *ides!)

/) $upre'*t v. ggenberg (.(. riegs(ommissr) – 300 men or 3

banners o" erman "u2(ne'*ts

) 4oma rd5d6 7an o" Croatia) – 30 *ussars, 800 in"antr6

9) el'*ior von $5dern au" ;riedland – 00 <ilesian =<'*>t%en %u

P"erd= mounted arquebusiers)

?) Alban rassein – /00 "oot and *orse soldier+peasants o" t*e

@agreb 'at*edral)

) Petar rd5d6 Captain o" t*e us(o(s) – 00 us(o(s and Hussars

8) <te"an 4a'*6 von <tttenberg – 0 Hussars

10) artin Piets'*ni( %u Alten*o" – 100 men

11) <igmund Paradeiser v. Beu*aus and eorg Paradeiser – 190

Carint*ian mus(eteers

1#) ;erdinand &eidner – one banner o" erman (nig*ts – 100 men

-ttomans:

Commander: Dervi Hasan+paa, 7eglerbeg o" 7osnia

1) a%i Hasan+paa PredoeviE – /000 "oot and *orse

#) ;er*ad+beg – 1000 men

3) -pardi+beg o" lis+Fivno – 3000

/) Arnaud emi+beg o" @vorni( – #00) DGa"er+beg o" Pa(ra'+Cerni'a – ?00

9) <ultan%ade e*med+beg o" Her%egovina – 3000

?) urd+beg – 100

) $ustem+beg o" Petrina – 00

8) bra*im+beg o" Fi(a – #000

10) radi(a Captain – 1000

11) #000 <ipa*i, un(non a(indGi, 8 large 'annon



:eferencesF

- lfred H" Coebl, Q=as :eitergefecht bei isse# (om " uni 1593,Q 7itteilungen des nstituts fRrSsterreichische eschichtsforschung 1915.F I6I-I8I"- eter :adics, =ie chlacht bei isse#, " uni 1593 C%ubl%anaF o2ef 'la?ni#, 1861."- :adosla( Coa4i+, omenici Hr(ats#e #ra%ine, , Bagreb, 1889"- nton $oblar, 'o%i na $ra%inah in Bmaga ri is#u, ?(" 7u?e%s#og dru4t(a ?a $ran%s#o, , C%ubl%ana, 1893"

- D%e#osla( $lai+, o(%est Hr(ata, U, Bagreb, 19@1- af(et-beg 'a4agi+, $rat#a uuta u ro4lost 'osne i Hercego(ine, Bagreb, 1931"- le#se% Olesnic#i%, T#o nosi odgo(ornost ?a ora? turs#e (o%s#e #od is#a, D%esni# Hr(ats#og arh" dru4t(a,-, 19<1-"- etar Tomac, 'it#a #od is#a, Do%noistori%s#i glasni#, 5U195I"- 7onumenta sectantia la(orum meridionalum, D, Bagreb, 188<"- tarine, , Bagreb, 188I"



:enaissance

Ottoman iahi, 'attle of isa# 1593



:enaissance

Ottoman anissar*, 'attle of isa# 1593



:enaissance

Ottoman #ind2i !a(alr*man, 16th

!entur*



:enaissance

Ottoman nfantr*man, 16th !entur*



:enaissance

Harami, 'attle of isa# 1593



:enaissance

!roatian Hussar, 'attle of isa# 1593



:enaissance

!roatian Cight Hussar, 'attle of isa# 1593



:enaissance

merial K!O, 'attle of isa# 1593



:enaissance

;s#o# 16@@

battle of sisak

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