basma ve Çekme

7/26/2019 Basma Ve ekme

1/21

BASMA VE EKME DENEYLER

2005507008 ADA BA

2006507026 MEHMET DURMAZ

2007511013 ZHAN OBAN

11.04.16 1


2/21

BASMA DENEY

Mhen!"#!$ %'e%e#e(! (!)!* +#%&,-,n&n $//e**,n& e+(%e +# e$!# /e +* e-!!$#!$#e(!"*e(!(#e(. M'e%e 'e##!$#e(!n! &n#&%&$ 'e(e%e$&n!$ *e"*#e( &,#,(. Bn#&(&n en ne%#!"!&"%& ene!9 !(.

Gri dkme demir, yatak alamlar gibi metalikve tula, beton gibi metal d malzemelerinbasma mukavemetleri, ekmemukavemetlerinden ok daa !"ksekoldu#undan, bu gibi malzemeler basma

kuvvetlerinin u!guland# !erlerde kullanlrlarve basma dene!i ile mua!ene edilirler$

11.04.16 2


3/21

Basma dene!i srasnda numunenin kesitidevaml olarak artt#ndan, ekmedene!inde g%r"len &Bo!un' teekk"l"(roblemi !oktur$

Basma dene!i bilassa gevrek ve !argevrek malzemelerin s"nekli#ini %lmede

ok )a!daldr, zira bu malzemelerins"nekli#i ekme dene!i ile assas olarak%l"lemez$ Bu malzemelerin ekmede *uzama ve * kesit daralmas de#erleriemen emen s)rdr$

Basma dene!inde kesit s"rekli artt#ndan basma gerilmesi de artar$

+evrek malzemelerde basma e#risi ekme e#risinin !aklak kat

aa#sndadr$11.04.16 3


4/21

B&"%& ene!n!n !-e( !(&/&n*&), & :+$ $:$n%ne#e(!n !#e$##&n,#&!#%e"!!(. B &/&n*&)

!#h&""& :+$ &h, %'e%e#e(#e:,,#,-,n& /e& :+$ &'%!$*&(& %'e%e #n-(%#&(& :+$ &,,(.

11.04.16 4


5/21

B&"%& n%ne#e(!ne n!+(% !( e(!#%e (% e#e e!#%e"!&e"!#e /&(#&$ $e"!*#! n%ne#e( *e(;!h e!#!(.


6/21

B "ee#e (&*!$*e "* #!%!* +#&(&$ =h0?0> @10 +(&n, *&/"!e e!#!(.B&"%& n%ne"!n!n $"e$#!-!n!n :&& (e :+$ $,"& +#%&", &!"*en%e' * #!%!* +#&(&$*& =h0?0> 15 +(&n, *&/"!e e!#!(.

N%ne +*#&(,n,n =h0?0> @#5 +#%&", (%n& n%ne !#e

n%nen!n &",#,-, #&$&( &(&",n&$! "(*n%e ene "+n:#&(,n,e*$!#ee;e$ e-e(#e(e $"e#!(.

ene# +#&(&$ &"%& n%ne#e(!ne =h0?0> 2 +(&n, en &'#&$##&n,#&n +(&n,(. Bnn#& e(&e( &($#, %'e%e#e( !:!n &($#, =h0?0>+(&n, $##&n,#%&$*&,(.

Me*!$ %'e%e#e( !:!n &"%& n%ne#e(!ne ene##!$#e h0/d0= 2

+(&n, $##&n,#,(.

11.04.16 6


7/21

a-s"nek malzeme b-gevrek malzeme .- !ar gevrek malzeme

Basma Dene!inde /rlma 0ekilleri

& ;

11.04.16 7


8/21

B&"%& ene! &"%& #&$&(, !(!(!ne &(e# +#&n !( %&$!ne !#e&,#,-,n&n n%ne#e(!n !*!n& !#e h&',(#&n%, +#%&", e(e$!(. B&"%&

n%ne#e(!ne $n $##&n,#,-, * /e "* 'e#e( n%nen!n ee$"en!ne !$ /e !(!(!ne &(e# +#%,,(.B&"%& ene!ne &(:&(,n e+(%&"+n /e $,(,#%&", :e!*#!

e$!#e +#&!#!(.Snek malzemeler ene##!$#e ene ",(&",n& $,(,#%&&n e+(%e+#(#&( /e !%e "*e(e(e$ ,-,#,(#&(.

Gr d!kme demr "# "e$rek malzemelerde k%r%lma ene##!$#e$&%& !#e n%nen!n !$! &(:&& &(,#%&", e$#!ne +#(.

&rn' "# (ar%) "e$rek malzemelern k%r%lma $+n! e$#!ne +#(.

11.04.16 8


9/21

EKME DENEY

1ekme dene!i ilem itibar ile basma dene!inin tamamen

tersidir$ 1ekme dene!i de basma dene!i makinelerinde !a(lr$e$%e ene!n!n &%&;,C %'e%e#e(!n "*&*!$ $ *,n&$! e#&"*!$

/e #&"*!$ &/(&n,#&(,n, e#!(#e%e$*!(. Bnn !:!n +*#&(,

"*&n&(*#&(& n &!(e /e& !$(*en $e"!*#! ene &(:&",C:e$%e ;!h&',n& &-#&n&(&$ e$"ene# /e e-!$en $//e*#e(#&n,(.

e$%e ;!h&', e"&" +#&(&$C !(!(!ne (e &&-, /e $&(, h&(e$e*ee!#en ene &(:&",n,n &-#&n,-, !$! :ene /e n#&(& h&(e$e*/e& $//e* /e(en !$! $#- #:en n!*e#e(en +#(.ene#e(en !(!"! "&!* h,'& h&(e$e* e**!(!#e(e$ ene &(:&",n&e-!$en %!$*&(#&(& :e$%e $//e*! #&n,( /e $//e*e $&(,#,$e#en '&%& $&e!#!(.

11.04.16 9


10/21

11.04.16 10


11/21

11.04.16 11


12/21

:$ $//e* "e/!e#e(!ne '&%& %!$*&(, $//e* !#e +-( +(&n*,#,,(.M'e%e e#&"*!$ &/(&n, !:!ne!(C &n! $//e* $,(,#,n;& '&%&",,(#&n,(. B $&(&$*e( &n+$*&",n& $&&( e/&% ee(. O(&n*, #!%!*! &en"+n(& #!nee( +n$"!+n e-!%!n! e-!*!(!(. An;&$ e#&"*!$ &/(&n, e/&%ee(. E#&"*!$ &/(&n, EE#&"*!$ !%!*!9 n+$*&",n& "+n& e(e(. E en"+n(& $,;,C &n! #&"*!$ e+(%&"+n#&( &(. //e* &'*,#,-,n!nee( +n$"!+n& &(e# !( +# !'#e(. An;&$ $//e*!n ",,( +#- e(ee+(%&"+n &(*,$ ",,( +#%&' e#!(#! !( #&"*!$ e+(%&"+n $,(.M'e%e $#en%ee e/&% e!#!("eYn+$*&",n& &$&(. A$%&n+$*&",n& $//e* &n, !$en $ %!$*&(& #&"*!$ e+(%&"+n

+#(. A$&n %'e%e :,%& "e(*#e%e"!9ne -(&( /e &h& %$&/!%11.04.16 12


13/21

B %'e%e 'e(!ne$! $//e* &h& & &(**,(,#&(&$ *n+$*&",n& #&,#,(.

*n+$*&", %&$"!%% e(!#%e9 n+$*&", +# (&& %'e%e $e"!*!ne#+$ &(%&( &(. Bn& %'e%en!n +n /e(%e"! 9 en!(.B+n /e(%e e %'e%en!n :,%& "e(*#e%e"!ne -(&%&",n&"ee +#( /e %'e%e &h& &'#& e(!#!%#e( &!#!(C &n;&$ +n#e"!ne $e"!* &n, &(,-,n&n *&,,-, ne* $//e* &',(. N%ne

ene##!$#e $+n*(+#"' !( e$!#e Kn+$*&",n& !#e(#e( /e +(&& $+&(.//e*F'&%& e-(!"!n!n *,n& $&n &n + n%ne! +'n%&-(&*%&$ !:!n e(e$en ene()!! e!* +#C *+$#$ &, /e(!#!(.

//e*F'&%& e-(!"! &h& "+n(& en!en #:e$#en!(!#!(. U'&%&(%'e%en!n !#$ 'n#-n& #ne(e$ !(!%F'&%&9 G& :e/(!#!(. An,11.04.16 13


14/21

Gerlme +,-. B!(!% &n& e*$!en $ &n#&%,n& e#!(

Brm ekl De1rme +3-. M'e%ee $//e* #&n,-, '&%&n+#&n + e-!!%!n!n $//e* #&n%&&n n;e$! !#$ +& +(&n,.

Ela44e M5dl +E-.M'e%en!n &&n,%,n,n =%$&/e%e*!n!n>#:"(. B!(!% '&%& !#e n+(% e(!#%e =:e$%e & & &"%&

e(!#%e"!> &(&",n&$! +-(" !#!$!n!n !( "+n; +# !(!% '&%&&,n& e(!#%e +#&(&$ *&n,%#&n,(. B!(!% '&%& !#e n+(% e(!#%e=:e$%e & & &"%& e(!#%e"!> &(&",n&$! +-(" !#!$! #e*&n,%#&n&!#!(

11.04.16 14


15/21

M'e%ee $//e* #&n,-,n& %'e%ee %e&n& e#en'&%&( e#&"*!$ ",n,(#&( !:!ne e(!#%e#e(#e +(&n*,#,,(. Bn& HookeKanunu9 &, /e(!#%e$*e!(. E#&"*!"!*e %+# %'e%ee &!*

$&(&$*e(!"*!$ !( 'e##!$*!(.Akma da(an%m% +a-.U#&n&n :e$%e $//e*!n!n &$#&,$ +#&(&$"&!* $%&",n& $&(,n #&"*!$ e$!# e-!*!(%en!n ne%#! #:e &(**,-,/e :e$%e !&(&%,n,n 'n"'#$ "*e(!-! $,"%& $&(, e#en

e(!#%e e-e(!!(.

ekme da(an%m% +'-.B!( %'e%en!n $+n;&& /e& $,(,#,n;&&

$&&( &&n&!#e;e-! en $"e$ :e$%e e(!#%e"! +#&(&$ *&n,%#&n,(. Be(!#%e :e$%e !&(&%,n&$! en $"e$ e(!#%e e-e(! +#&&-,&$! +(%# !#e #n(.

11.04.16 15


16/21

K56ma Gerlme4+,K- N%nen!n $+*- &n&$! e(!#%e e-e(!!(.

D$ $&(+n# %&$ !( :e#!-!n :e$%e !&(&%,11.04.16 16


17/21

Yzde K56ma 7zama4% +K*-.e$%e n%ne"!n!n +n& %e&n&e#en en $"e$ 'e #&"*!$ '&%& +(&n, +#&(&$ *&n,%#&n,(. e$%eene!ne *&! **#&n n%nen!n $+&n $,",%#&(,n,n !( &(&&e*!(!#%e"! !#e "+n + #:#( /e +& %e&n& e#en '&%&

&-,n*,", !#e #n(. B(&& L+n%nen!n !#$ #: 'n#-n L$!"en%nen!n $,(,#%& &n,n&$! +n "*e(!(. +%& '&%&", !"eC

&-,n*,", &(,%,#& e#!(#en!(. B e-e( %'e%en!n "ne$#!-!n!"*e(!(.

11.04.16 17


18/21

Yzde Ke4 Daralma4% +KD-.e$%e n%ne"!n!n $e"!* &n,n&%e&n& e#en en $ 'e &(%& /e& '#%e +(&n, +#C

&-,n*,", !#e he"&n,(. B(&& A0ene n%ne"!n!n !#$ $e"!* &n,n,

A$!"e $,(,#%& &n,n&$! $e"!* &n,n, /e& $,(,#%& 'e!n!n &n,n,"*e(!(. A$n,n he"&n%&", !":!n h&;%!n "&!* $&;&-, !&e"!$##&n,#,(.

11.04.16 18


19/21

Ke4 daralma4% $+%& '&%&", !! "ne$#!-!n !( "*e(e"!!(.

Ine$ %'e%e#e(e e#!(!n !( '#%e /e& +n /e(%e %e&n&

e#!($en e/(e$ %'e%e#e( '#%e "*e(%e'#e(.A&-,&$! e$!#e e/(e$ /e "ne$ %'e%e#e(!n $,(,#%& &/(&n,#&(,e%&*!$ +#&(&$ "*e(!#%!*!(.

=&> e/(e$ %'e%en!n $,(,#%&", => Ine$ %'e%en!n $,(,#%&", ='#%e +$> ='#%e /&(>

Ge$rek $e 4nek malzemelern k%r%lma 1ekller.

11.04.16 19


20/21

D8K*9 EYL:L :NVERS;ESNDE BASMA VE EKMEDENEYLERNN YA&


21/21

BAIMA JE EME DENEKERLNLN

KAD NLJERILTEER ORTA DOU TENL NLJERILTEIL LITANBU TENL NLJERILTEIL

ARADENLZ TENL NLJERILTEIL AMUAE NLJERILTEIL EE NLJERILTEIL ERZURUM NLJERILTEIL KDZ TENL NLJERILTEIL A

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