basics of drafting - spot.pcc.eduspot.pcc.edu/welding/pdfs/bluepring reading.pdf · the object...
TRANSCRIPT
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Basics of Drafting
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Describing an Angle Bracket
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Orthographic Projection
Orthographic drawingsrepresent three dimensional objects in three separate views arranged in a standard manner.
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Orthographic ViewsYou can adequately describe most objects with three orthographic views.
FrontTopRight
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Converting to Orthographic
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Orthographic Views
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Line Types
Visible LineHidden LineCenter LineDimension LineConstruction Line
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Line Types
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Sketching Techniques
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Drafting Handouts
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Orthographic ViewsYou can adequately describe most objects with three orthographic views.
FrontTopRight
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Sketching techniques
Use very light construction lines“Box in” the rough outline of the objectDarken only the lines you wish to keepClean up the edges and rough spots
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Orthographic Drawings
Multi-view 2D Drawings
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Learning Objectives
Name the three principle projection planes and what dimensions each showsSketch Top, Front, and Right Side views of simple objectsKnow the correct pattern and line weight for visible, center, and hidden lines
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Orthographic Projection
2 Dimensional projections on Orthogonal planesShow lines based on change of plane or change of materialUse multiple line types
VisibleHiddenCenter
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Describing an Angle Bracket
A relatively simple objectPictorial view may be difficult
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Glass Box concept
Envision the object surrounded in a glass boxProject the views out onto the pieces of glassEach pane shows a 2D projection of the object
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Projection Planes
The three panes of glass represent the principal orthographic planes
HorizontalFrontalProfile
Each plane illustrates two of the principal dimensions: Height, Width, and Depth
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Completed Orthographics
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The Glass Box Approach
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Orthographic Projection
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Opening the Box
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Final Views
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Six Orthographic Views
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Laying Out All Six Views
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Three Primary Views
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View Selection
If the object has an obvious top, then it must be the top viewMinimize the number of hidden linesUse the most descriptive view as the front viewConserve space by choosing the depth to be the smallest dimension
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Precedence of Lines
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Construction of Views
Must align orthographic viewsWidth appears in Top and FrontHeight appears in Front and SideDepth appears in Side and TopHeight and width project directlyDepth must be projected via a 45°angle
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Construction of Views
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Line Types
VisibleHiddenCenterConstruction
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Class Exercise
Draw three orthographic views of a tombstone. Remember to include all lines: visible, hidden, and center, where appropriateAdd a bullet hole (large caliber) concentric with the top arc. Adjust the views for this new feature.
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Tombstone Solution
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Class Exercise
Complete three orthographic views of the object shown on the next slide.Include visible, hidden, and center lines where appropriate.Use the grid paper in the back of your book or your engineering sketch pad.You will be given 7 minutes.
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Object for exercise
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Solution
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Solution
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Solution
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Post Assessment Test
Use a clean sheet of paper to sketch orthographic views of the object.You will be given 5 minutes to complete the drawing individually
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Pictorial
A three dimensional pictorial is a drawing that shows an object’s three principal planes, much as they would be captured by a cameraSometimes they are called Technical Illustrations
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Types of Axonometrics
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Orientation of Pictorial Objects
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Isometrics
Axes equally separated (120°)H, W, and D measurements are true size along iso. axesAngles must be located by coordinatesCircles appear as ellipses on all surfaces
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Isometric Circles & Angles
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Isometric Ellipses
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The Isometric Ellipse Template
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Using the Ellipse Template
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Drawing Rounded Corners
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Construction of Cylinders
Lightly block in the cylinder
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Construction of Cylinders
Lightly block in the cylinderSketch the upper and lower ellipses
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Construction of Cylinders
Lightly block in the cylinderSketch the upper and lower ellipsesConnect the ellipses with Tangent lines
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Construction of Cylinders
Lightly block in the cylinderSketch the upper and lower ellipsesConnect the ellipses with Tangent linesDarken the lines
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Class Exercise
Complete the orthographic views shown and Sketchan isometric of the part.