basic ngn architecture principles & issues · next generation network ... what’s new:...

International Telecommunication Union

ITU-T Workshop on NGN (jointly organized with IETF)Geneva, 1-2 May 2005

Basic NGN ArchitectureBasic NGN ArchitecturePrinciples & IssuesPrinciples & Issues

Keith KnightsonRapporteur Q3/13 (Architecture)

Industry Canada

2dates

ITU-T


NGN Definition

Next Generation Network (NGN): a packet-based network able to provide telecommunication services and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabled transport technologies and in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transport-related technologies.

It enables unfettered access for users to networks and to competing service providers and/or services of their choice. It supports generalized mobility which will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users.

ITU-T Recommendation Y.2001

3dates

ITU-T


What’s Old: Vertically-Integrated Networks

TelephoneServices

DataServices (WWW,

e-mail, etc)

Video Services

(TV, movie, etc)

TelephoneServicesNetwork

VideoServicesNetwork

DataServicesNetwork

Pre-NGN

4dates

ITU-T


What’s New:Horizontally-integrated Network

NGN Transport

NGN Services

Telephone Services

Data Services (WWW, e-mail, etc)

Video Services (TV, movie, etc)

Point to point, Point to multipoint, Multipoint to multipoint

Point to point, Point to multipoint, Multipoint to multipoint

ITU-T Recommendation Y.2011

5dates

ITU-T


Effects of Separation: the good, the bad and the ugly

o Good:• Any service over a single IP transport network

o Bad:• Two different levels of control, authentication,

admission, charging, etc.

o Ugly:• QoS selection, QoS control, transport resource

allocation, monitoring, accounting for usage.

6dates

ITU-T


Decoupling Services from Transport Network

ApplicationServices

TransportServices

Retail

Subscriber NAP NSP/ASP

A10U

Service Management

Service infrastructure

Billing AAAResourceManagement

ServiceInstance

Wholesale

Settlement

Service Management

Service infrastructure

Billing AAAResourceManagement

ServiceInstance

7dates

ITU-T


Re-distribution of service intelligence

Migration ofService Intelligence

UserDomain

CoreDomain

Access

DomainUser

Domain

Access

Domain

8dates

ITU-T


Basic Functional Architecture

Transport stratum

Service stratum

MediaHandlingFunctions

AccessFunctions

Othernetworks

OthernetworksCustomer

Functions

TransportUser

Profile Functions

Application Functions

GatewayFunctions

Transport Control Functions

Control

Media

NNIUNI

EdgeFunctions

Network Attachment

Control Functions

Core Transportfunctions

Core TransportFunctions

AccessTransportfunctions

AccessTransportFunctions

Service and ControlFunctions

ServiceUser

Profile Functions

Man

agem

ent F

unct

ions

9dates

ITU-T


End-User Services in NGN R1

o All 3GPP IMS Services delivered to fixed line systems

o PSTN replacement and legacy services

o IMS extensions to accommodate regulatory requirements (emergency, disaster relief, etc.)

o QoS-enabled transport

o Secure IP network

o Mobility (continuous where available, global requirement limited to nomadism for R1)

o Global Interconnect (other NGNs, PSTN/ISDN, Public Internet, etc.)

10dates

ITU-T


Release 1 Service & Capabilities

u Service Typesl PSTN/ISDN Emulation servicesl PSTN/ISDN Simulation servicesl Multimedia services l Internet access l Other services (data services etc.)l Public service aspects (LI, ETS/TDR, etc.)

u Service Capabilities l Basic network capabilities l Service support capabilitiesl Open Service Environment l Service Enablersl PSTN/ISDN Emulation support

l Public service support capabilities

11dates

ITU-T


Multimedia Services

• Real-time Conversational Voice services • Instant messaging (IM)• Push to talk over NGN (PoN) • Point to Point interactive multimedia services, including interactive real-

time voice, video and other media (videotelephony, whiteboarding, etc.) • Collaborative interactive communication services: support of multimedia

conferencing with file sharing and application sharing, e-learning, gaming.

• Group Messaging • Content delivery services• Push-based services• Broadcast/Multicast Services • Hosted and transit services for enterprises (IP Centrex, etc.) • Information services, such as cinema ticket information, motorway traffic

status, advanced push services, etc.• Presence and general notification services • 3GPP Release 6 and 3GPP2 Release A OSA-based services

12dates

ITU-T


Other Services• Data retrieval applications, such as tele-software.• Data communication services, such as data file transfer, electronic

mailbox and web browsing• Online applications (online sales for consumers, e-commerce, online

procurement for commercials) • Sensor Network services• Remote control/tele-action services, such as home applications

control, telemetry, alarms etc.• Over-the-Network Device Management

Public Service Aspects• Lawful Intercept.• Malicious call trace• User identity presentation and privacy• Emergency Communications (ETS/TDR)• Users with disabilities• Carrier selection• Number portability

13dates

ITU-T


Component/subsystem viewpoints

Resource and Admission Control Functionality

RACS

Based on3GPP IMS

IP ConnectivityAccess NetworkAnd related functionality

Network AttachmentFunctionality

NASS

Other Multimedia Components …

Streaming Services (RTSP based)

Applications

Core transport Network

3GPP IP-CAN

Access Transport Network

3GPP Terminals

NGN Terminals

CustomerNetworks

UserProfiles

Other N

etworks

LegacyTerminals

GW

PSTN / ISDN Emulation(SIP-I based)

IP Multimedia Component (Core IMS )

(SIP based)

14dates

ITU-T


Changing Environment (1)

DHCP, MobilityStatic Addresses

Hackers everywhereTrust

Flow stateNo flow state

User EmpowermentNetwork empowerment

QoS “guarantee”User back-off

Real-time demandsBandwidth demands

Best Effort

MPLSConnectionless

NATs/Firewalls/serversPeer-to-peer

Packet inspection/NATsE2E transparency

New RequirementsOriginal Requirements

15dates

ITU-T


Changing Environment (2)

Commercialization, competition, consumer choice

Research/Defense use

Protocol mazeSimple protocol layering

Inter-layer coupling?Layer Independence

Access & Core Domains Flat network

Mass public residential services, multi-terminal multi-QoS

Terminal-to-host, BE

QoS (implies deliberate unfairness)

Fairness

New RequirementsOriginal Requirements

16dates

ITU-T


Next Generation Internet: Papers of Interest

• Developing a Next Generation Internet Architecture, Bob Braden, David Clark, et al.

• Role-based Architecture, Bob Braden, Ted Faber.

• A new architecture for an Internet, David Clark, Steve Bellovin, Bob Braden, Noel Chiappa, Ted Faber. Scott Schenker, John Wroclawski, et al.

• RFC 2775, Internet Transparency. Brian Carpenter.

• RFC 3439, Some Internet Architectural Guidelines and Philosophy, R.Bush, D Meyer.

• IAB Concerns Regarding Congestion Control for Voice Traffic in the Internet, Sally Floyd, James Kempf

• Making the world (of communications) a different place, Report of a working session of the End-to-End Research Group, Version 4 3/24/05, David D. Clark, Craig Partridge, Robert T. Braden (chair), et al.

• Rethinking the design of the Internet: The end to end arguments vs. the brave new world, Marjory S. Blumenthal & David D. Clark.

* Just a small sample

17dates

ITU-T


A Golden Opportunity for Collaboration

o A recognition in both organizations that some new approaches may be required?

o What kind of changes are required and/or foreseen?

o Could/should the expertise of the ITU-T and the IETF be jointly applied to create the principles and architectural framework for next generation networks?

18dates

ITU-T


Obtain Respective Views on Architectural Issues such as: 1

o Role of Edge-based Servers:• E2E violation• Packet inspection• Admission control

o Application selectable QoS:• Lack of adequate classes• Lack of standardized protocol mappings• Explicit bandwidth selection

19dates

ITU-T


Obtain Respective Views on Architectural Issues such as: 2

o QoS in Access:• Multiple terminals, multiple QoS• End-user Application selection of QoS• Role of Home Gateway (shaping, limiting)• Home gateway control

o Distributed network control of/for QoS path:• Horizontal means• Vertical means• Monitoring, dynamic allocations, accounting

o Network Control and Management• Protect from attack• Separation from payload paths• Inter-domain co-ordination

20dates

ITU-T


No conclusions, only Questions

o Do the ITU-T and IETF have different views on the architecture of next generation networks?

o Can a number of differences (if any) be identified and catalogued for study?

o Can ITU-T and IETF collaborate with a view to eliminating or (at least minimizing) any differences wherever possible?

21dates

ITU-T


22dates

ITU-T


23dates

ITU-T


Y.2011: Basic Functional Architecture

Resources

Services

ServiceControl Functions

TransportControl Functions

ServiceManagement Functions

TransportManagement Functions

Application, Middleware & Baseware services

NGNService

NGNTransport

Transfer Functional Area

24dates

ITU-T


Home Gateway Functionality

CustomerPremiseNetwork

HomeRoutingGateway

Set Top Box

Set Top Box

NetworkTerminating

Unit10/100Base-T

Television

Desktop PC Desktop PC

OtherDevices,

Appliances,etc

….….….….IP

phone

Television

QoS per device/terminal

25dates

ITU-T


Wireline Access Architecture

Access Network

DSLModem/RG

User 1

User 2

T

A10-ASP

A10-NSP

ASP 1

NSP 2

UCPN

NSP 1

AccessNode

L2Agg

BRAS

A10-NSP

L2TS

RIP

L2TP

IP-QoS

RAN

Regional Network

26dates

ITU-T


Mobility Requirements

Network

Device Mobilty Domain

User/ServiceMobilty Domain

27dates

ITU-T


Generic Functional Architecture

Management

Transport Adaptation

Transport

Transport Resource / Policy Control Function

TMGF

SGF

Transport Resource &

Enforcement Functions

TrafficMeasurement

Function

PGF

T. Authentication &Authorization

Function

Mobility Support Function

T.Network Access Control Function

AMGF

TerminalFunction

Access Relay Function

Session & C

all Control

Application

S.Authentication & Authorization Function

Application Gateway Function

Application Server Function(may include own Authentication, Authorization and Accounting)

PGCF

Session Control ProxyFunction

All lines of this type attach to the corresponding input line at the CCF within session & call control

Scope of NGN

Netw

ork Border Other NGN

other IP MMNetwork

(e.g. IMS)

PSTN/ISDN

Internet

Connection point

T.Network Access Process Function

Packet Transport Function

MediaResourceProcessingFunction

T-1

T-3T-20

T-7

T-4

LS FunctionUser Profile DB Function

Registration Function

T-6

T-8

T-9

T-13

T-12

T-11

T-15

T-16

T-18

S-1

S-4

S-9

S-10

S-11 S-12

S-13

S-17

S-18

A-1

A-2

MGCFAGCF

Session Control FunctionS-19

Media Resource Control Function

Man

agem

ent F

unct

ion

28dates

ITU-T


IMS Architectural Component

MGW

MGCF CSCF

BGCF

CSCF BGCF

SLF

P - CSCF

MRFP

MRCF

Mk

M i Mw

Dx

Cx

Mr

Mg

Mw

Mj

PSTN

Mn

Mp

Mm

Mb Gq Gm

Sh

Dh

ISC

HSS

Other IP Multimedia Networks

PSTN

IP Connectiv ity Access Network

Mb

UE

AS

Mb

Mb

(AAA+DB)

29dates

ITU-T


Fixed to Mobile convergence (1)

….….….….

IP AccessNetwork

BaseStation

Controller

UMANetwork

Controller

Radio AccessNetwork

CoreMobile

Network

Dual ModeHandset

WiFi

How to integrate with fixed VoIP service?Cross Architectural impacts?

30dates

ITU-T


Fixed to Mobile convergence (2)

IP AccessNetwork

BaseStation

Controller

GANC(UMA)Network

Controller

Radio AccessNetwork

GSM/IMS CoreService

Architecture

UMA-enabledDual Mode

Handset

WiFi

RG

VoIPSIP

Server

TunnelledIMS stack

Native IPStack

SIPFixed/wireless Telephone

IPCore

Transport

….….….….

….….….….

31dates

ITU-T


Traffic shaping at user site

PPP Access (BE or AF)

PTA

ASPAccess

Classifier

Data In

Data Out

EFRL

BE

AF1

AF2

AF3

AF4

RL

BE

S

RL

RL

PTA = PPP Termination AggregationRL = Rate LimiterS = Scheduler

EFRL

AF1

AF2

AF3

AF4

RL

32dates

ITU-T


Summary of Work in SG13• Y.2001: NGN Overview

• NGN Definition, Characteristics & Subject Areas

• Y.2011: General Reference Model• Identify high-level paradigms• Separation of concerns, services from networks• Identify emerging NGN-generic issues• Architectural principles• OSI model relevance• G.805 relevance

• Y.FRA: Functional Requirements & Architecture • Service control functions• Transport control functions• Mobility management functions• Wireless and Fixed access• IMS positioning• Multi-terminal/multi-QoS Home Gateway

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