basic analysis of steam generators p m v subbarao professor mechanical engineering department...

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Basic Analysis of Steam Generators P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Fundamental Ideas for Systematic Development of Steam Generators……

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Basic Analysis of Steam Generators

P M V SubbaraoProfessor

Mechanical Engineering Department

Fundamental Ideas for Systematic Development of Steam Generators……

Steam Generation Theory

First Law for Steam Generator:SSSF

m water

m fuel

m air

m steam

m fluegas

Q

Q

W

0dt

dmcm

Reynolds Transport Theorem:

0 inletexitcvcm mmdt

dm

dt

dm

Conservation of Mass

Conservation of Mass for SSSF

0 inletexit mm

ucashfluegassteamairfuelwater mmmmmmm

Conservation of Energy:cm

cmcm W

dt

dEQ

inletinletexitexitcvcm ememdt

dE

dt

dE

cvinletinletexitexitcv

cv Wememdt

dEQ

Conservation of Energy for SSSF

fansUCUCAshAshfluegasfluegassteamsteam

fuelfuelairairwaterwaterloss

Whmhmhmhm

hmhmhmQ

m water

m fuel

m air

m steam

m fluegas

Q

Q

W

First Law Analysis of Furnace:SSSF

m fuel

m air

Qsteam

Qloss

Wfans

ucashfluegas mmm

fansUCUCAshAshfluegasfluegas

fuelfuelSASAPAPAlosssteam

Whmhmhm

hmhmhmQQ

ucashfluegasSAPAfuel mmmmmm

First Law for Steam Generator:SSSF

m waterm steam

Qsteamsteamwater mm

steamsteamwaterwatersteam hmhmQ

Gas to Liquid Heat Exchange

Liquid Heating

Mechanism of Heat Transfer :Generalized Newton’s Law of Cooling

• Rate of heat transfer from hot gas to cold steam is proportional to:

• Surface area of heat transfer

• Mean Temperature difference between Hot Gas and Cold Steam.

meansur TAQNEWTON

Thot gas,in

Tcold steam,in

Thot gas,out

Tcold steam,out

Thot gas,in

Tcold steam,in

Thot gas,out

Tcold steam,out

Thot gas,in

Tcold steam,in

Thot gas,out

Tcold steam,out

Log Mean Temperature Difference

• Rate of Heat Transfer

• U Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient, kW/m2.K

min

max

minmax

log3.2TT

TTTLMTD

LMTDsurNEWTON TAUQ

Gas to Liquid Heat Exchange

Liquid Heating

Role of SG in Rankine Cycle

Perform Using Natural resources of energy …….

Role of SG in Rankine Cycle

Impact cycle on Construction of Steam Generator

Evaporator

Superheater

Economizer

DPNL SH

Platen SHT

R

RHTR

LTSH

Economiser

APH ESP ID Fan

drum

Furnace

BCWpump

Bottom ash

stack

screentubes

Thermal Structure of A SG