barron's 800

CUUS -- Chinese Undergraduates in the United States by Demigod Barron 800

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SAT HIGH-FREQUENCY WORD LIST

Word List 1

abate [beit] V. subside or moderate. aberrant [bernt] ADJ. abnormal or deviant. abrasive [breisiv] ADJ. rubbing away; tending

to grind down.

abridge [brid] V. condense or shorten absolute [bslju:t] ADJ. complete;

totally unlimited; certain.

abstemious [bsti:mjs] ADJ. sparing in eating and drinking; temperate.

abstract [bstrkt] ADJ. theoretical; not concrete; nonrepresentational.

abstruse [bstru:s] ADJ. obscure; profound; difficult to understand.

accessible [ksesbl] ADJ. easy to approach; obtainable.

acclaim [kleim] V. applaud; announce with great approval.

Word List 2 accolade [kleid] N. award of merit. acknowledge [kleid] V. recognize; admit. acquiesce [kwies] V. assent; agree without

protesting.

acrimonious [krimunjs] ADJ.() bitter in words and manners.

acute [kju:t] ADJ. quickly perceptive; keen; brief and severe.

address [dres] V. direct a speech to; deal with or discuss.

adherent [dhirnt] N. supporter; follower. adjacent [deisnt] ADJ. neighboring;

adjoining.

adroit [drit] ADJ. skillful; nimble. adulation [djulein] N. flattery; admiration.

Word List 3

adversary [dvsri] N. opponent. adverse [dv:s] ADJ. unfavorable; hostile. advocate [dvkeit] V. urge; plead for.


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aesthetic [i:setik] ADJ. artistic; dealing with or capable of appreciation of the

beautiful.

affable [fbl] ADJ. easily approachable; warmly friendly.

affinity [finiti] N. natural liking; kinship; similarity.

affirmation [f:mein] N. positive assertion; confirmation; solemn pledge be one who

refuses to take an oath.

aggressor [res] N. attacker. alienate [eiljneit] V. make hostile; separate. alleviate [li:vieit] V. relieve.

Word List 4

aloof [lu:f] ADJ. apart; reserved; standoffish.

altruistic [ltruistik] ADJ. unselfishly generous; concerned of others.

ambiguous [mbijus] ADJ. unclear or doubtful in meaning.

ambivalence [mbivlns] N. the state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional

attitudes.

ameliorate [mi:ljreit] V. improve, make more satisfactory.

amend [mend] V. correct; change, generally for the better.

amorphous [m:fs] ADJ. formless; lacking shape or definition.

ample [mpl] ADJ. abundant. analogy [n ldi] N. similarity; parallelism. anarchist [nkist] N. person who seeks to

overturn the established government;

advocate of abolishing authority.

Word List 5

anecdote [nikdut] N. short account of an amusing or interesting event.

animosity [nimsiti] N. active enmity. antagonistic [ntnistik] ADJ. hostile;opposed. antidote [ntidut] N. medicine to counteract a

poison or disease.

antiquated [ntikwitid] ADJ. old-fashioned; obsolete.


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antithesis [ntiisis] N. contrast; direct opposite of or to.

apathy [pi] N. lack of caring; indifference.

apocryphal [pkrifl] ADJ. untrue; made up. appease [pi:z] V. pacify or soothe; relieve. appreciate [pri:ieit] V. be thankful for;

increase in worth; be thoroughly

conscious of.

Word List 6

apprehension [prihenn] N. fear; discernment; capture.

arable [rbl] ADJ. fit for growing crops. arbitrary [:bitrri] ADJ. unreasonable or

capricious; randomly selected without

any reason; based solely on ones

unrestricted will or judgment.

archaic [:keiik] ADJ. antiquated. ardor [:d] N. heat; passion; zeal. arid [rid] ADJ. dry; barren. arrogance [rns] N. pride; haughtiness. articulate [:tikjulit] ADJ. effective;

distinct.

artifact [:tif kt] N. object made by human beings, either hand-made or mass

produced.

artisan [:tizn] N. manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to artist.

Word List 7

ascendency [sendnsi] N. controlling influence. ascetic [setik] ADJ. practicing

self-denial; austere.

aspire [spai] V. seek to attain; long for. assuage [sweid] V.

ease or lessen(pain); satisfy(hunger); soothe(anger).

astute [stju:t] ADJ. wise; shrewd. atrophy [trfi] V. waste away. attentive [tentive] ADJ. considerate;

thoughtful; paying attention.

attribute [tribju:t] V. ascribe; explain. audacious [:deis] ADJ. daring; bold.


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augment [:ment] V. increase; add to.

Word List 8

austerity [steriti] N. sternness; severity; strict economy; lack of luxuries.

authentic [:entik] ADJ. genuine. authoritarian [:ritrin] ADJ. favoring or

exercising total control; nondemocratic.

autonomous [:tnms] ADJ. self-governing. aversion [v:n] N. firm dislike. banal [bn:l] ADJ. hackneyed;

commonplace; trite.

bane [bein] N. cause of ruin. belie [bilai] V. contradict;

give a false impression.

belittle [bilitl] V. disparage; make fun of.

belligerent [bilidrnt] ADJ. quarrelsome.

Word List 9

benevolent [binevlnt] ADJ. generous; charitable. benign [binain] ADJ. kindly; favorable;

not malignant.

bequeath [bikwi:] V. leave to someone by a will; hand down.

biased [baist] ADJ. slanted; prejudiced. bland [bl nd] ADJ. soothing;

mild; dull.

blasphemy [blsfimi] N. irreverence; sacrilege; cursing.

bolster [bulst] V. support; reinforce. braggart [brt] N boastful person. brawn [br:n] N. muscular strength; sturdiness. brevity [breviti] N. conciseness; briefness.

Word List 10

buttress [btris] V. support; prop up. cacophonous [k 'kfns] ADJ. discordant;

inharmonious.

cajole [kdul] V. coax; wheedle. calculated [klkjuleitid] ADJ. deliberately

planned; likely.

candor [knd] N. frankness. capricious [kpris] ADJ. fickle; incalculable.


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caricature [kriktju] N. distortion; burlesque. censorious [sens:ris] ADJ. critical. censure [sen] V. blame; criticize. certitude [s:titju:d] N. certainty.

Word List 11

charlatan [:ltn] N. quack; pretender to knowledge.

chronicle [krnikl] V. report; record(in chronological order).

civil [sivl] ADJ. having to do with citizens or the state; courteous and

polite.

clamor [klm] N. noise. clemency [klemnsi] N. disposition to be lenient;

mildness, as of the weather.

coercion [ku:n] N. use of force to get someones compliance.

commemorate [kmemreit] V. honor the memory of. compelling [kmpeli] ADJ. overpowering;

irresistible in effect.

compile [kmpail] V. assemble; gather; accumulate.

compliance [kmplains] N. readiness to yield; conformity in fulfilling requirements.

Word List 12

composure [kmpu] N. mental calmness. comprehensive [kmprihensiv] ADJ. thorough; inclusive. concede [knsi:d] V. admit; yield. conciliatory [knsilitri] ADJ. reconciling; appeasing;

amiable.

concise [knsais] ADJ. brief and compact. conclusive [knklu:siv] ADJ. convincing;

decisive.

concur [knk:] V. agree in opinion. condone [kndun] V. overlook voluntarily;

forgive.

confirm [knf:m] V. corroborate; verify; support.

conflagration [knflrein] N. great fire.


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Word List 13

confound [knfaund] V. confuse; puzzle. confront [knfrnt] V. face; challenge. conscientious [kniens] ADJ. scrupulous; careful. consensus [knsenss] N. general agreement. consistency [knsistnsi] N. absence

of contradictions; dependability;

uniformity; degree of thickness.

constraint [knstreint] N. compulsion; repression of feelings.

contagion [knteidn] N. infection. contemporary [kntemprri] N. person belonging to the

same period.

contend [kntend] V. struggle; compete; assert earnestly.

contentious [kntens] ADJ. quarrelsome.

Word List 14

contract [kntrkt] V. compress or shrink; make a pledge; catch a disease.

converge [knv:d] V. approach; tend to meet; come together.

conviction [knvikn] N. strongly held belief. cordial [k:djl] ADJ. gracious; heartfelt. corroborate [krbreit] V. confirm; support. corrosion [krun] N. destruction by chemical

action.

credibility [kredibiliti] N. believability. credulity [kridju:liti] N. belief on slight evidence;

gullibility; naivete..

criterion [kraitirin] N. standard used in judging. cryptic [kriptik] ADJ. mysterious;

hidden; secret.

Word List 15

cursory [k:sri] ADJ. casual; hastily done. curtail [k:teil] V. shorten; reduce. cynic [sinik] N. one who is skeptical or

distrustful of human motives.

daunt [d:nt] V. intimidate; frighten. dawdle [d:dl] V. loiter; waste time. debilitate [dibiliteit] V. weaken; enfeeble.


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debunk [di:bk] V. expose something as nonsensical or false.

decorum [dik:rm] N. propriety. defame [difeim] V. harm someones reputation;

malign.

deference [defrns] N. courteous regard for anothers wish.

Word List 16

defiance [difains] N. refusal to yield; resistance. degenerate [didenreit] V. become worse;

deteriorate.

degrade [direid] V. lower in rank or dignity; debase.

deliberate [dilibrit] V. consider; ponder. delineate [dilinieit] V. portray; depict;

sketch.

denounce [dinauns] V. condemn; criticize. deny [dinai] V. contradict; refuse. depict [dipikt] V. portray; describe. deplore [dipl:] V. regret strongly;

express grief over.

depravity [diprviti] N. corruption; wickedness.

Word List 17

deprecate [deprikeit] V. express disapproval of; protest against; belittle.

deride [diraid] V. ridicule; make fun of. derivative [dirivtiv] ADJ. unoriginal; derived

from another source.

despondent [dispndnt] ADJ. depressed; gloomy.

despot [despt] N. tyrant; harsh, authoritarian ruler.

detached [dittt] ADJ. emotionally removed; calm and objective; indifferent.

deterrent [diternt] N. something that discourages; hindrance.

detrimental [detrimentl] ADJ. harmful; demaging. devious [di:vjs] ADJ.

roundabout; erratic; not straightforward.

devise [divaiz] V. think up; invent; plan.


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Word List 18 didactic [didktik] ADJ. teaching;

instrcuctional

diffuse [difju:s] ADJ. wordy; rambling; spread out.

digression [dairen] N. wandering away from the subject.

diligence [dilidns] N. steadiness of effort; persistent hard work.

diminution [diminju:n] N. lessening; reduction in size. disband [disbnd] V. dissolve; disperse. discerning [dis:ni] ADJ. mentally

quick and observant; having insight.

disclose [diskluz] V. reveal. discordant [disk:dnt] ADJ. not harmonious;

conflicting.

discount [diskaunt] V. disregard.

Word List 19

discredit [diskredit] V. defame; destroy confidence in; disbelieve.

discrepancy [diskrepnsi] N. lack of consistency; differences.

discriminating [diskrimineiti] ADJ. able to see differences; prejudiced.

discursive [disk:siv] ADJ. digressing; rambling.

disdain [disdein] V. view with scorn or contempt. disinclination [disinklinein] N. unwillingness. disinterested [disintristid] ADJ. unprejudiced. dismantle [dismntl] V. take apart. dismiss [dismis] V. put away from

consideration; reject.

disparage [disprid] V. belittle.

Word List 20

disparity [dispriti] N. difference. dispassionate [dispnt] ADJ. calm; impartial. dispel [dispel] V. drive away; scatter; cause

to vanish.

disperse [disp:s] V. cause to break up; scatter.


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disputatious [dispju:teis] ADJ. argumentative; fond of arguing.

disseminate [disemineit] V. distribute; spread; scatter(like seeds).

dissent [disent] V. disagree. dissipate [disipeit] V. squander;

waste; scatter.

dissonance [disnns] N. discord. dissuade [disweid] V. advise against.

Word List 21

distant [distnt] ADJ. reserved or aloof; cold in manner.

divergent [daiv:dnt] ADJ. differing; deviating. diverse [daivs] ADJ. differing in

some characteristics; various.

divulge [daivld] V. reveal. doctrine [dktrin] N. teachings, in

general; particular principle(religious,

legal, and so on)taught.

document [dkjumnt] V.() provide written evidence.

dogmatic [dm tik] ADJ. opinionated; arbitrary; doctrinal

dormant [d:mnt] ADJ. sleeping; lethargic; latent.

dubious [dju:bjs] ADJ. doubtful; questionable.

duplicity [dju:plisti] N. double-dealing; hypocrisy.

Word List 22

duration [djurein] N. length of time something lasts.

dutiful [dju:tifl] ADJ. respectful; obedient. ebb [eb] V. recede; lessen. eccentric [iksentrik] ADJ. odd; whimsical;

irregular.

eclectic [eklektik] ADJ. selective in choosing from a variety of sources.

eclipse [iklips] V. darken; extinguish; surpass.

effervescent [efvesnt] ADJ. exuberant; bubbly and excited.


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egotistical [,egu'tistikl] ADJ. excessively self-centered; self-important; conceited.

elated [ileitid] ADJ. overjoyed; in high spirits.

eloquence [elkwns] N. expressiveness; persuasive speech.

Word List 23

elusive [ilu:siv] ADJ. evasive; baffling; hard to grasp.

embellish [imbeli] V. adorn; ornament. emulate [emjuleit] V. imitate; rival. endorse [ind:s] V. approve; support. enduring [indjuri] ADJ. lasting; surviving. enervate [enveit] V. weaken. engender [indend] V. cause;

produce.

enhance [inh:ns] V. advance; improve enigma [inim] N. puzzle; mystery. enmity [enmiti] N. ill will; hatred.

Word List 24

enumerate [inju:mreit] V. list; mention one by one. ephemeral [ifemrl] ADJ. short-lived. epic [epik] N.

long heroic poem, or similar work of art.

epicure [epikju] N. connoisseur of food and drink. episodic [epsdik] ADJ. loosely connected;

divided into incidents; occurring at

intervals.

equanimity [ekwnimiti] N. calmness of temperament; composure.

equivocal [ikwivkl] ADJ. ambiguous; intentionally misleading.

erratic [irtik] ADJ. odd; unpredictable; wandering.

erroneous [irunjs] ADJ. mistaken; wrong. erudite [eru:dait] ADJ. learned;

scholarly.

Word List 25

esoteric [esuterik] ADJ. hard to understand; known only to the chosen

few.


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espouse [ispauz] V. adopt; support. esteem [isti:m] V. respect; value; judge. ethereal [iiril] ADJ. light;

heavenly; unusually refined.

eulogy [ju:ldi] N. expression of praise, often on the

occasion of someones death.

euphemism [ju:fmizm] N mild expression used in place of an unpleasant one.

euphonious [ju:funis] ADJ. pleasing in sound. euphoria [ju:f:ri] N. feeling of great

happiness and well-being(sometimes

exaggerated).

evanescent [i:vnesnt] ADJ. fleeting; vanishing.

exacerbate [eks sbeit] V. worsen; embitter.

Word List 26

exacting [izkti] ADJ. extremely demanding. exalt [iz:lt] V. raise in rank or dignity;

praise.

execute [eksikju:t] V. put into effect; carry out. exemplary [izemplri] ADJ. serving as a

model; outstanding.

exemplify [izemplifai] V. serve as an example of; embody.

exhaustive [iz:stiv] ADJ. thorough; comprehensive.

exhilarating [izilreiti] ADJ. invigorating and refreshing; cheering.

exonerate [iznreit] V. acquit; exculpate. expedient [ikspi:djnt] ADJ. suitable

to achieve a particular end; practical;

politic.

expedite [ekspidait] V.() hasten.

Word List 27

expertise [ekspti:z] N. specialized knowledge; expert skill.

explicit [iksplisit] ADJ. totally clear; definite; outspoken.

exploit [iksplit] N. deed or actionparticularly a brave deed.

exploit [iksplit] V. make use of, sometimes


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unjustly.

expository [ikspzitri] ADJ. explanatory; intended to explain.

extant [ekstnt] ADJ. still in existence. extol [ikstl] V. praise; glorify. extraneous [ikstreinis] ADJ.; ,

not essential; superfluous. extricate [ekstrikeit] V. free; disentangle. exuberance [izju:brns] N.

overflowing abundance; joyful

enthusiasm; flamboyance; lavishness.

Word List 28

facile [fsail] ADJ. easily accomplished; ready or fluent;

superficial.

facilitate [fsiliteit] V. help bring about; make less difficult.

fallacious [fleis] ADJ. false; misleading. fanaticism [fn tisizm] N. excessive

zeal; extreme devotion to a brief or

cause.

fastidious [f stidis] ADJ. difficult to please; squeamish.

feasible [fi:zbl] ADJ. practical. fervor [f:v] N. glowing ardor;

intensity of feeling.

fickle [fikl] ADJ. changeable; faithless.

figurative [fijurtiv] ADJ. not literal, but metaphorical; using a figure of speech.

flagrant [fleirnt] ADJ. conspicuously wicked; blatant;

outrageous.

Word List 29

flippant [flipnt] ADJ. lacking proper seriousness.

florid [flrid] ADJ. ruddy; reddish; flowery.

fluctuate [flktjueit] V. waver; shift. foolhardy [fu:lh:di] ADJ. rash; heedless. foresight [f:-sait] N. ability to foresee

future happenings; prudence.


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forestall [f:st:l] V. prevent by taking action in advance.

forsake [fseik] V. desert; abandon; renounce.

forthright [f:rait] ADJ. outspoken; frank. fortuitous [f:tju:ts] ADJ. accidental; by

chance.

foster [fst] V. rear; encourage; nurture.

Word List 30

founder [faund] V. fail completely; sink. founder [faund] N. person who

establishes(an organization, business).

frail [freil] ADJ. weak. frivolous [frivls] ADJ. lacking

in seriousness; self-indulgently carefree;

relatively unimportant.

frugality [fru(:) liti] N. thrift; economy. fundamental [fndmentl] V. basic; primary;

essential.

furtive [f:tiv] ADJ. stealthy; sneaky.

futile [fju:tail] ADJ. ineffective; fruitless.

galvanize [ lvnaiz] V. stimulate by shock; stir up; revitalize.

garbled [:bld] ADJ. mixed up; jumbled; distorted.

Word List 31 garrulous [ rls] ADJ. loquacious; wordy;

talkative.

genre [:r] N. particular variety of art or literature.

germane [d:mein] ADJ. pertinent; bearing upon the case at hand.

glacial [leisjl] ADJ. like a glacier; extremely cold.

glib [lib] ADJ. fluent; facile; slick.

glutton [ltn] N. someone who eats to much; greedy person.

gorge [:d] N. small, stell-walled canyon.


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grandiose [r ndius] ADJ. pretentious; high-flown; ridiculously exaggerated;

impressive.

gratify [r tifai] V. please. gratuitous [rtjuits] ADJ. given freely;

unwarranted; unprovoked.

Word List 32

gravity [r viti] N. seriousness. gregarious [riris] ADJ. sociable. grievance [ri:vns] N. cause of complaint. grudging [grdi] ADJ. unwilling;

reluctant; stingy.

guile [ail] N. deceit; duplicity; wiliness; cunning.

gullible [lbl] ADJ. easily deceived. hackneyed [hknid] ADJ. commonplace; trite. hallowed [hlud] ADJ. blessed;

consecrated.

hamper [hmp] V. obstruct. harass [hrs] V. annoy by repeated

attack; torment.

Word List 33

hardy [h:di] ADJ. sturdy; robust; able to stand inclement weather.

haughtiness ['htns] N. pride; arrogance. hedonist ['hidnst] N. one who believes that

pleasure is the sole aim in life.

heed [hi:d] V. pat attention to; consider. heresy [hersi] N. opinion contrary to

popular belief; opinion contrary to

accepted religion.

heterodox [hetrdks] ADJ. unorthodox; unconventional.

heterogeneous [hetrudi:nis] ADJ., dissimilar; mixed.

heyday [heidei] N. time of greatest success; prime.

hiatus [haieits] N. gap; interruption in duration or continuity.


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hierarchy [hair:ki] N. arrangement by rank or standing;

authoritarian body divided into ranks.

Word List 34

hindrance [hindrns] N. block; obstacle. hoard [h:d] V. stockpile; accumulate for

future use.

homogeneous [hmdi:njs] ADJ. of the same kind.

hone [hun] V. sharpen. hostility [hstiliti] N. unfriendliness; hatred. humane [hjumein] ADJ. marked by kindness

or consideration.

husband [hzbnd] V. use sparingly; conserve; save.

hyperbole [haip:bli] N.[] exaggeration; over-statement.

hypocritical [hipkritikl] ADJ., pretending to be virtuous; deceiving.

hypothetical [haipuetikl] ADJ. based on assumptions or hypotheses; supposed.

Word List 35

iconoclast [aiknkl st] N. one who attacks cherished traditions.

idiosyncrasy [diusikrsi] N. individual trait, usually odd in nature; eccentricity.

ignominy [inmini] N. deep disgrace; shame or dishonor.

illicit [ilisit] ADJ., illegal. illuminate [ilju:mineit] V. brighten; clear up or

make understandable; enlighten.

illusory [ilu:sri] ADJ. deceptive; not real.

imbalance [imblns] N., lack of balance or symmetry; disproportion.

immaculate [imkjulit] ADJ. spotless; flawless; absolutely clean.

immune [imju:n] ADJ., resistant to; free or exempt from.

immutable [imju:tbl] ADJ. unchangeable.


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Word List 36

impair [imp] V. injure; hurt. impartial [imp:l] ADJ. not biased; fair. impassive [impsiv] ADJ. without

feeling; imperturbable; stoical.

impeccable [impekbl] ADJ. faultless. impecunious [mpikju:nis] ADJ., without

money impede [impi:d] V. hinder; block; delay. impel [impel] V. drive or force onward. imperceptible [mpseptibl] ADJ. unnoticeable;

undetectable.

imperious [impiris] ADJ. domineering; haughty.

impervious [imp:vis] ADJ.;, impenetrable; incapable of being

damaged or distressed.

Word List 37

impetuous [impetjus] ADJ. violent; hasty; rash. implausible [impl:zibl] ADJ.

unlikely; unbelievable.

implement [implimnt] V. put into effect; supply with tools.

implication [implimnt] N. something hinted at or suggested.

implicit [implisit] ADJ. understood but not stated.

impoverished [impvrit] ADJ. poor. impromptu [imprm p tju:] ADJ. without

previous preparation; off the cuff; on the

spur of the moment.

imprudence [impru:dns] N. impertinence; insolence

inadvertently [,ind'v:tntli] ADV. by oversight; carelessly or unintentionally.

inane [inein] ADJ. silly; senseless.

Word List 38

inaugurate [in:jureit] V. start; initiate; install in office.

incense [insens] V., enrage; infuriate. incentive [insentiv] N. spur; motive.


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incessant [insesnt] ADJ. uninterrupted; unceasing.

incidental [nsidentl] ADJ. not essential; minor.

incisive [insaisiv] ADJ. cutting; sharp. incite [insait] V. arouse to action;

goad; motivate; induce to exist.

incline [inklain] N. slope; slant. inclined [inklaind] ADJ. tending or learning

toward; bent.

inclusive [inklu:siv] ADJ. tending to include all.

Word List 39

incoherent [nkuhirnt] ADJ. unintelligible; muddled; illogical.

incongruous [inkrus] ADJ. not fitting; absurd.

inconsequential [inknsikwenl] ADJ. insignificant; unimportant.

incontrovertible [nkntrv:tibl] ADJ. indisputable; not open to question.

incorrigible [inkridbl] ADJ. uncorrectable.

indefatigable [ndiftibl] ADJ. tireless. indict [indait] V. charge. indifferent [indifrnt] ADJ. unmoved;

lacking concern.

indigenous [indidins] ADJ. native. indigent [indidnt] ADJ. poor; destitute.

Word List 40

indiscriminate [ndiskriminit] ADJ. choosing at random; confused.

indolent [indlnt] ADJ. lazy. indomitable [indmitbl] ADJ.,

unconquerable; unyielding.

indubitable [indju:bitbl] ADJ. persuade; bring about.

induce [indju:s] V. persuade; bring about. indulge [indld] V. humor; treat leniently. industrious [indstris] ADJ. diligent;

hard-working.

ineffectual [nifektjul] ADJ. not effective; weak.


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inept [inept] ADJ. unsuited; absurd; incompetent.

inequity [inekwiti] N. unfairness.

Word List 41

inert [in:t] ADJ. inactive; lacking power to move.

inexorable [inesksrbl] ADJ. relentless; unyielding; implacable.

infamous [infms] ADJ. notoriously bad. infer [inf:] V. deduce; conclude. infiltrate [infiltreit] V. pass into or through;

penetrate(an organization)sneakily.

infinitesimal [nfinitesiml] ADJ. exceedingly small; so small as to be almost

nonexistent.

infraction [infrkn] N. violation(of a rule or regulation); breach.

ingenious [indi:njs] ADJ. clever; resourceful.

ingrate [inreit] N. ungrateful person. inherent [inhirnt] ADJ. firmly

established by nature or habit; intrinsic.

Word List 42

inimical [inimikl] ADJ. unfriendly; hostile; harmful; detrimental.

initiate [iniieit] V. begin; originate; receive into a group.

injurious [induris] ADJ. harmful. innate [ineit] ADJ. inborn. innocuous [inkjus] ADJ. harmless. innovation [nuvein] N. change; introduction of

something new.

inopportune [inptju:n] ADJ. untimely; poorly chosen.

insatiable [inseiibl] ADJ. not easily satisfied; greedy.

insightful [insaitful] ADJ., discerning; perspective.

insinuate [insinjueit] V. hint; imply; creep in.


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Word List 43

insipid [insipid] ADJ. lacking in favor; dull.

insolvent [inslvnt] ADJ. bankrupt; unable to repay ones debts.

instigate [instieit] V. urge; start; provoke. insularity [insjulrti ] N.

narrow-mindedness; isolation.

insuperable [insu:prbl] ADJ. insurmountable; unbeatable.

insurgent [ins:dnt] ADJ. rebellious. intangible [intndbl] ADJ. not

material; not able to be perceived by

touch.

integral [intirl] ADJ. complete; necessary for completeness.

integrity [interiti] N. uprightness; wholeness.

intermittent [ntmitnt] ADJ. periodic; on and off.

Word List 44

intervene [ntvi:n] V. come between. intimidate [intimideit] V. frighten. intractable [intrktbl] ADJ. unruly; stubborn;

unyielding.

intransigence [intrnsidns] N. refusal of any compromise; stubbornness.

intrepid [intrepid] ADJ. fearless. intricate [intrikit] ADJ. complex;

knotty; tangled.

intrinsic [intrinsik] ADJ. essential; inherent; built-in; natural.

introspective [intruspektiv] ADJ. looking within oneself.

intuition [ntjuin] N. immediate insight; power of knowing without reasoning.

inundate [inndeit] V. oberwhelm; flood; submerge.

Word List 45

invert [inv:t] V. turn upside down or inside out.


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irascible [irsibl] ADJ. irritable; easily angered.

ironic [airnik] ADJ. relating to a contradiction between an events

expected result and its actually outcome.

irrational [irnl] ADJ. illogical; lacking reason; insane.

irrelevant [irelivnt] ADJ. not applicable; unrelated.

irreproachable [riprutbl] ADJ. blameless; impeccable.

irresolute [irezlu:t] ADJ. uncertain how to act; weak.

irreverence [irevrns] N. lack of proper respect. jargon [d:n] N. language used by a

special group; technical terminology;

gibberish.

jocular [dkjul] ADJ. said or done in jest; joking.

Word List 46

judicious [dudis] ADJ. sound in judgment; wise.

justification [dstifikein] N. good or just reason; defense; excuse.

kindle [kindl] V. start a fire; inspire. Labyrinth [lbrin] N. maze. laconic [lknik] ADJ. brief and to the point. lament [lment] V. grieve; express sorrow. lassitude [lsitju:d] N. languor; weariness. laud [l:d] V. praise. lavish [lvi] ADJ. liberal;

wasteful.

legacy [lesi] N. a gift made by a will.

Word List 47

lethargic [le:dik] ADJ. drowsy; dull. levity [leviti] N. lack of seriousness;

lightness.

linger [li] V. loiter or dawdle; continue or persist.

list [list] V. tilt; lean over. listlessness ['lstlsns] N. lack in spirit or energy. loathe [lu] V. detest.


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lofty [lfti] ADJ. very high. loquacious [lkweis] ADJ. talkative. lucid [lju:sid] ADJ. easily

understood; intelligible.

lurid [ljurid] ADJ. wild; sensational; graphic; gruesome.

Word List 48

magnanimous [m nnims] ADJ. generous. magnate [mneit] N. person of

prominence or influence.

maladroit [mldrit] ADJ. clumsy; bungling. malevolent [mlevlnt] ADJ. wishing evil. malice [mlis] N. hatred; spite. malign [mlain] V. speak evil of; bad-mouth;

defame.

marred [m: d] ADJ. damaged disfigured. martinet [m:tinet] N. rigid

disciplinarian; strict military officer.

materialism [mtirilizm] N. preoccupation with physical comforts and things.

meager [mi:] ADJ. scanty; inadequate.

Word List 49

meander [mind] V. wind or turn in a course.

medley [medli] N. mixture. meek [mi:k] ADJ. quiet and obedient. melancholy [melnkli] ADJ. gloomy; morose;

blue.

mercenary [m:sinri] ADJ. interested in money or gain.

mercurial [m:kjuril] ADJ. capricious; changing; fickle.

merger [m:d] N.() combination(of two business corporations).

methodical [midikl] ADJ. systematic. meticulous [mitikjuls] ADJ. excessively careful;

painstaking; scrupulous.

minute [minit] ADJ. extremely small.

Word List 50

misanthrope [misnrup] N. one who hates mankind.


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miserly [maizli] ADJ. stingy; mean. misnomer [misnum] N. wrong name; incorrect

designation.

mitigate [mitieit] V. appease; moderate. mock [mk] V. ridicule;

imitate, often in derision.

mollify [mlifai] V. soothe. momentous [muments] ADJ. very important. monotony [mntni] N. sameness leading to

boredom.

morbid [m:bid] ADJ. given to unwholesome thought; moody;

characteristic of disease.

morose [mrus] ADJ. ill-humored; sullen; melancholy.

Word List 51

mundane [mndein] ADJ. worldly as opposed to spiritual.

munificent [mju:nifisnt] ADJ. very generous. mutability [mju:tbiliti] N. ability to change in

form; fickleness.

muted [mju:tid] ADJ. silent; muffled; toned down.

naivete [n'ivte] N. quality of being unsophisticated; simplicity; artlessness;

gullibility.

nefarious [nifris] ADJ. very wicked. negate [nieit] V. cancel out; nullify; deny. nonchalance [nnlns] N. indifference; lack

of concern; composure.

nonentity [nnentiti] N. person of no importance; nonexistence.

nostalgia [nstldi] N. homesickness; longing for the past.

Word List 52

notoriety [nutraiti] N. disrepute; ill fame.

novelty [nvlti] N. something new; newness.

novice [nvis] N. beginner. nuance [nju:ns] N. shade of difference in

meaning or color.


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nullify [nlifai] V. to make invalid; void; abolish.

nurture [n:t] V. nourish; educate; foster.

obdurate [bdjurt] ADJ. stubborn. objective [bdektiv] ADJ. not

influenced by emotions; fair.

objective [bdektiv] N. goal; aim. obliterate [blitreit] V. destroy completely.

Word List 53

oblivion [blivin] N. obscurity; forgetfulness. oblivious [blivis] ADJ. inattentive or

unmindful; wholly absorbed.

obscure [bskju] ADJ. dark; vague; unclear.

obscure [bskju] V. darken; make unclear. obsequious [bsi:kwis] ADJ. slavishly attentive;

servile; fawning; sycophantic.

obsessive [bsesiv] ADJ. related to thinking about something constantly;

preoccupying.

obstinate [bstinit] ADJ. stubborn; hard to control or treat.

obtuse [btju:s] ADJ. blunt; stupid. officious [fis] ADJ. meddlesome;

excessively pushy in offering ones

service.

ominous [mins] ADJ. threatening.

Word List 54

opaque [upeik] ADJ. dark; not transparent. opportunist [ptju:nist] N. individual who sacrifices

principles for expediency by taking

advantage of circumstances.

optimist [ptimist] N. person who looks on the good side.

optional [pnl] ADJ. not compulsory; left to ones choice.

opulence [pjulns] N. extreme wealth; luxuriousness; abundance.

orator [rt] N. public speaker.. ornate [:neit] ADJ.

excessively or elaborately decorated.


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ostentatious [stenteis] ADJ. showy; pretentious; trying to attract attention.

pacifist [psifist] N. one opposed to force; antimilitarist.

painstaking [peinzteiki] ADJ. showing hard work; taking great care.

Word List 55

paltry [p:ltri] ADJ. insignificant; petty; trifling.

paradigm [prdaim] N. model; example; pattern.

paradox [prdks] N. something apparently contradictory in nature;

statement that looks false but actually

correct.

paragon [prn] N. model of perfection. parochial [prukjl] ADJ. narrow in

outlook; provincial; related to parishes.

parody [prdi] N. humorous imitation; spoof; takeoff; travesty.

parry [p ri] V. ward off a blow; deflect. parsimony [p:simni] N. stinginess; excessive

frugality.

partial [p:l] ADJ. incomplete having a liking for something.

partisan [p:tizn] ADJ. one-sided; prejudiced; committed to a party.

Word List 56

passive [psiv] ADJ. not active; acted upon.

paucity [p:siti] N. scarcity; lack. pedantic [pidntik] ADJ. showing off

learning; bookish.

penchant [pentnt] N. strong inclination; liking. pensive [pensiv] ADJ.

dreamily; thoughtful; thoughtful with a

hint of sadness; contemplative.

perceptive [pseptiv] ADJ. insightful; aware; wise.

perfunctory [pfktri] ADJ. superficial; not thorough; lacking interest, care, or

enthusiasm.


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peripheral [prifrl] ADJ. marginal; outer. perjury [p:dri] N. false testimony while

under oath.

pernicious [pnis] ADJ. very destructive.

Word List 57

perpetuate [ppetueit] V. make something last; preserve from extinction.

perturb [pt:b] V. disturb greatly. pervasive [pveisiv] ADJ. pervading;

spread throughout every part.

pessimism [pesimizm] N. belief that life is basically bad or evil; gloominess.

petty [peti] ADJ. trivial; unimportant; very small.

petulant [petjulnt] ADJ. touchy; peevish. phenomena [finmin] N. PL. observable facts; subjects of

scientific investigation.

philanthropist [filnrpist] N. lover of mankind; doer of good.

pious [pais] ADJ. devout; religious. pitfall [pitf:l] N. hidden danger; concealed

trap.

Word List 58

pithy [pii] ADJ. concise; meaningful; substantial; meaty.

pivotal [pivtl] ADJ. crucial; key; vital. placate [plkeit] V. pacify; conciliate. plagiarize [pleidraiz] V. steal anothers ideas and

pass them off as ones own.

platitude [pltitju:d] N. trite remark; commonplace statement.

plausible [pl:zbl] ADJ., having a show of truth but open to doubt;

specious.

pliant [plaint] ADJ. flexible; easily influenced.

plight [plait] N. condition, state(especially a bad state or condition); predicament.

poignancy [pinnsi] N. quality of being deeply moving; keenness of

emotion.


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polemical [plemikl] ADJ. aggressive in verbal attack; disputatious.

Word List 59

pomposity [pm'pst] N. self-important behavior; acting like a stuffed shirt.

ponderous [pndrs] ADJ. weighty; unwieldy. porous [p:rs] ADJ. full of pores; like a

sieve.

potent [putnt] ADJ. powerful; persuasive; greatly influential.

pragmatic [pr mtik] ADJ. practical(as opposed to idealistic); concerned with the

practical worth or impact of something.

prattle [prtl] V. babble. precarious [prikris] ADJ. uncertain; risky. precedent [presidnt] N. something preceding in

time that may be used as an authority or

guide for future action.

precipitate [prisipiteit] ADJ. rash; premature; hasty; sudden.

precipitous [prisipits] ADJ. steep; overhasty.

Word List 60

preclude [priklu:d] V. make impossible; eliminate.

precocious [prikus] ADJ. advanced in development. predator [predt] N. creature that seizes

and devours another animal; person

who robs or exploits others.

predecessor [pri:dises] N. former occupant of a post. predilection [pri:dilekn] N. partiality; preference. preposterous [pripstrs] ADJ. absurd; ridiculous. prestige [presti:] N. impression produced by

achievements or reputation.

presumptuous [prizmptus] ADJ. overconfident; impertinently bold; taking

liberties.

pretentious [pritens] ADJ. ostentatious; pompous; making unjustified claims;

overambitious.

prevalent [prevlnt] ADJ. widespread; generally accepted.


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Word List 61

problematic [prblm tik] ADJ. doubtful; unsettled.

proclivity [prkliviti] N. inclination; natural tendency.

procrastinate [prukrstineit] V. postpone; delay or put off. prodigal [prdil] ADJ. wasteful; reckless

with money.

prodigious [prdids] ADJ. marvelous, enormous.

prodigy [prdidi] N. marvel; highly gifted child. profane [prfein] V. violate; desecrate; treat

unworthily.

profligate [prflit] ADJ. dissipated; wasteful; wildly immoral.

profound [prfaund] ADJ. deep; not superficial; complete.

Profusion [prfju:n] N. overabundance; lavish expenditure; excess.

Word List 62

proliferation [prulifrein] N. rapid growth; spread; multiplication.

prolific [prlifik] ADJ. abundantly fruitful. prologue [prlifik] N. introduction (to a poem or play). prophetic [prfetik] ADJ. foretelling the future. propitious [prpis] ADJ. favorable; fortunate,

advantageous.

propriety [prpraiti] N. fitness; correct conduct. prosaic [przeiik] ADJ. dull and

unimaginative; matter of fact; factual.

protract [prtr kt] V. prolong. provincial [prvinl] ADJ. pertaining to

a province; limited in outlook;

unsophisticated.

provisional [prvinl] ADJ. tentative.

Word List 63

provocative [prvktiv] ADJ. arousing anger or interest; annoying.

proximity [prksimiti] N. nearness. prudent [pru:dnt] ADJ. cautious; careful.


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pugnacity [pn sti] N. combativeness; disposition to fight.

pungent [pndnt] ADJ.() stinging; sharp in taste or smell.

purse [p:s] V. pucker; contract into wrinkles.

qualified [kwlifaid] ADJ. limited; restricted.

quandary [kwndri] N. dilemma. quell [kwel] V. extinguish; put

down; quiet.

querulous [kweruls] ADJ. fretful; whining.

Word List 64

quiescent [kwiesnt] ADJ. at test; dormant; temporarily inactive.

ramble [rmbl] V. wander aimlessly(physically or mentally).

rancor [rk] N. bitterness; hatred. rant [r nt] V.

rave; talk excitedly; scold; make a grandiloquent speech.

ratify [rtifai] V. approve formally; verify. raucous [r:ks] ADJ. harsh and shrill;

disorderly and boisterous.

raze [reiz] V. destroy completely. rebuttal [ribtl] N. refutation; response with

contrary evidence.

recalcitrant [riklsitrnt] ADJ. obstinately stubborn; determined to resist authority;

unruly.

recant [riknt] V. disclaim or disavow; retract a previous

statement; openly confess error.

Word List 65

receptive [riseptiv] ADJ. quick or willing to receive ideas, suggestions, etc.

recluse [riklu:s] N. hermit; loner. recount [rikaunt] V. narrate or tell; count over

again.

rectify [rektifai] V. set right; correct. redundant [ridndnt] ADJ. superfluous;

repetitious; excessively wordy.


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refute [rifju:t] V. disprove. relegate [relieit] V. banish to an

inferior position; delegate; assign.

relevant [relvnt] ADJ. pertinent; referring to the case in hand.

relinquish [rilikwi] V. give up something with reluctance; yield.

relish [reli] V. savor; enjoy.

Word List 66

remorse [rim:s] N. guilt; self-reproach. renegade [renieid] N. deserter; traitor. renounce [rinauns] V. forswear; repudiate;

abandon; discontinue.

repel [ripel] V. drive away; disgust. replete [ripli:t] ADJ. filled to the brim

or to the point of being stuffed;

abundantly supplied.

reprehensible [reprihensibl] ADJ. deserving blame. repress [ripres] V. restrain; hold back;

crush; suppress.

reprimand [reprim:nd] V. reprove severely; rebuke. reproach [riprut] V. express disapproval. reprove [ripru:v] V. censure; rebuke.

Word List 67

repudiate [ripju:dieit] V. disown; disavow. rescind [risind] V. cancel. reserve [riz:v] N. self-control; formal but

distant manner.

resigned [rizaind] ADJ. unresisting; patiently submissive.

resolution [rezlu:n] N. determination; resolve. resolve [rizlv] N. determination; firmness of

purpose.

resolve [rizlv] V. decide; settle; solve. respite [respait] N. interval of relief; time

for rest; delay in punishment.

resplendent [risplendnt] ADJ. dazzling; glorious; brilliant.

restraint [ristreint] N. controlling force; control over one's emotions.


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Word List 68

reticent [retisnt] ADJ. reserved; uncommunicative; inclined to be silent.

retiring ADJ. modest; shy. retract [ritrkt] V. withdraw; take back. reverent [revrnt] ADJ. respectful. rhetorical [ritrikl] ADJ. pertaining

to effective communication; insincere in

language.

rigorous [rirs] ADJ. severe; harsh; demanding; exact.

robust [rubst] ADJ. vigorous; strong.

rudimentary [ru:dimentri] ADJ. not developed; elementary; crude.

ruthless [ru:lis] ADJ. pitiless; cruel. sagacious [seis] ADJ.

perspective; shrewd; having insight.

Word List 69

sage [seid] N. person celebrated for wisdom. sanction [skn] V. approve; ratify. sanctuary [skturi] N. refuge; shelter;

shrine; holy place.

sarcasm [s:k zm] N. scornful remarks; stinging rebuke.

satirical ADJ. mocking. saturate [streit] V. soak thoroughly. savory [seivri] ADJ.

tasty; pleasing, attractive, or agreeable.

scanty [sknti] ADJ. meager; insufficient. scrupulous [skru:pjuls] ADJ.

conscientious; extremely thorough.

scrutinize [skru:tinaiz] V. examine closely and critically.

Word List 70

seclusion [siklu:n] N. isolation; solitude. sectarian [sektrin] ADJ. relating

to a religious faction or subgroup;

narrow-minded; limited.

sedentary [sedntri] ADJ. requiring sitting.


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sequester [sikwest] V. isolate; retire from public life; segregate; seclude.

serenity [sireniti] N. calmness; placidity. servile [s:vail] ADJ. slavishly

submissive; fawning; cringing.

sever [sev] V. cut; separate. severity [siveriti] N. harshness; intensity;

austerity; rigidity.

shrewd [ru:d] ADJ. clever; astute: singular [sijul] ADJ. unique;

extraordinary.

Word List 71

skeptical [skeptikl] ADJ. doubting; suspending judgment until one has examined the

evidence supporting a point of view.

slacken [slkn] V. slow up; loosen. slander [sl:nd] N. defamation; utterance of false

and malicious statements.

slothful [slufl] ADJ. lazy. sluggish [sli] ADJ. slow; lazy;

lethargic.

solemnity [slemniti] N. seriousness; gravity. solicit [slisit] V. request earnestly; seek. solitude [slitju:d] N. state of being alone;

seclusion.

soluble [sljubl] ADJ. able to be dissolved; able to be explained.

somber [smb] ADJ. gloomy; depressing; dark; drab.

Word List 72

sparse [sp:s] ADJ. not thick; thinly scattered; scanty.

spendthrift [spendrift] N. someone who wastes money. spontaneity [spntni:ti] N. lack of

premeditation; naturalness.

sporadic [spr dik] ADJ. occurring irregularly. spurious [spjuris] ADJ. false; counterfeit. spurn V. reject; scorn. squalor [skwl] N. filth; degradation;

dirty, neglected state.

squander [skwnd] V. waste. stagnant [stnnt] ADJ. motionless; stale;


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dull.

stanza [stnz] N. division of a poem.

Word List 73

static [sttik] ADJ. unchanging; lacking development.

steadfast [stedf:st] ADJ. loyal; unswerving.

stoic [stuik] ADJ. impassive; unmoved by joy or grief.

strident [straidnt] ADJ. loud and harsh; insistent.

strut [strt] N. pompous walk; swagger.

stupefy [stju:pifai] V. make numb; stun; amaze.

subdued [sbdju:d] ADJ. less intense; quieter.

submissive [sbmisiv] ADJ. yielding; timid. subordinate [sb:dinit] ADJ. occupying a

lower rank; inferior; submissive.

subside [sbsaid] V. sttle down; descend; grow quiet.

Word List 74

substantial [sbstnl] ADJ. ample; solid.

substantiate [sbstnieit] V. establish by evidence; verify; support.

subtlety [stlti] N. perceptiveness; ingenuity; delicacy.

succinct [sksikt] ADJ. brief; terse; compact.

supercilious [sju:psilis] ADJ. arrogant; condescending; patronizing.

superficial [sju:pfil] ADJ. trivial; shallow. superfluous [sju:p:flus] ADJ.

excessive; overabundant; unnecessary.

supplant [spl:nt] V. replace; usurp. suppress [spres] V. crush; subdue; inhibit. surmount [smaunt] V. overcome.

Word List 75

surpass [sp:s] V. exceed.


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surreptitious [srptis] ADJ. secret; furtive; sneaky; hidden.

susceptible [sseptbl] ADJ., impressionable; easily influenced; having

little resistance, as to a disease;

receptive to.

sustain [sstein] V. experience; support; nourish.

swindler [swindl] N. cheat. sycophant [sikf nt] N. servile

flatterer; bootlicker; yes man.

symmetry [simitri] N. arrangement of parts so that balance is obtained; congruity.

taciturn [tsit:n] ADJ. habitually silent; talking little.

taint [teint] V. contaminate; cause to lose purity; modify with a trace of

something bad.

tangential [tndenl] ADJ. peripheral; only slightly connected; digressing.

Word List 76

tangible [tndbl] ADJ. able to be touched.

tantamount [tntmaunt] ADJ. equivalent in effect or value.

tedious [ti:dis] ADJ. boring; tiring.

temper [temp] V. moderate; tone down or restrain; toughen

(steel).

tenacity [tinsiti] N. firmness, persistence. tentative [tenttiv] ADJ.

provisional; experimental; doubtful.

termination [t:mnein] N. end. terse [t:s] ADJ. concise; abrupt;

pithy.

threadbare [redb] ADJ. worn through till the threads show; shabby and poor.

thrive [raiv] V. prosper; flourish.


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Word List 77

tirade [taireid,tir:d] N. extended scolding; denunciation;

harangue.

torpor [t:p] N. lethargy; sluggishness; dormancy.

tractable [trktbl] ADJ. docile; easily managed.

tranquility [trkwiliti] N. calmness; peace. transcendent [t:p] ADJ. surpassing;

exceeding ordinary limits; superior.

transient [trnzint] ADJ. momentary; temporary; staying for a short time.

transparent [trnsprnt] ADJ. easily detected; permitting light to pass through

freely.

trepidation [trepidein] N. fear; nervous apprehension.

trifling [traifli] ADJ. trivial; unimportant.

trite [trait] ADJ. hackneyed; commonplace.

Word List 78

trivial [trivil] ADJ. unimportant; trifling.

turbulence [t:bjulns] N. state of violent agitation. turmoil [t:mil] N. great commotion and

confusion.

tyranny [tirni] N. oppression; cruel government.

undermine [ndmain] V. weaken; sap.

uniformity [ju:nif:mti] N. sameness; monotony. universal [ju:niv:sl] ADJ. characterizing or

affecting all.

unkempt [nkempt] ADJ. disheveled, uncared for in appearance.

unprecedented [npresidntid] ADJ. novel; unparalleled.

unwarranted [nwrntid] ADJ. unjustified; groundless; undeserved.


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Word List 79

usurp [juz:p] V. seize another's power or rank.

vacillate [vsileit] V. waver; fluctuate. venerate [venreit] V. revere. veracity [vr siti] N. truthfulness. verbose [v:bus] ADJ. wordy. viable [vaibl] ADJ.

practical or workable; capable of

maintaining life.

vigor [vi] N. active strength. vilify [vilifai] V. slander. vindicate [vindikeit] V. clear from

blame; exonerate; justify or support.

vindictive [vindiktiv] ADJ. out for revenge; malicious.

Word List 80

virtuoso [v:tjuuzu] N. highly skilled artist.

virulent [virjulnt] ADJ., extremely poisonous; hostile; bitter.

volatile [vltail] ADJ. changeable; explosive; evaporating

rapidly.

voluble [vljubl] ADJ. fluent; glib; talkative. voluminous [vlju:mins] ADJ. bulky; large. vulnerable [vlnrbl] ADJ. susceptible to

wounds.

whimsical [hwimzikl] ADJ. capricious; fanciful.

willful [wilful] ADJ. intentional; headstrong; stubbornly set on going

ones way.

withhold [wihud] V. refuse to give; hold back. zealot [zelt] N. fanatic; person who shows

excessive zeal.

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