Baroque Playlist ♪

Baroque Music

1600-1750

Artistic period that expands from:

− 1600: Premiere of the first opera: L'Orfeo ♪, by Claudio Monteverdi

− 1750: Death of Johann Sebastian Bach,one of the greatest composers ever.

Periods:

Early Baroque (1600-1650)− Birth of the opera in Italy

Middle Baroque (1650-1700)− French opera began in the court of Luis XIV with Lully

− Development of instrumental music with the sonata

Late Baroque (1700-1750)

− Great composers: Bach, Vivaldi, Händel, Telemann, Scarlatti, Rameau

Social Context

Economic depression

Absolutists monarchies ('Luises' in France, Spanish Empire)

Many scientific advances− Heliocentric theory was reinforced by Galileo

Galilei. This ment that man wasn't the center of the Universe anymore

Aesthetic principles Humanism from the

Renaissance gave way to a new religious era

Arts demostrate the power of God and kings

Baroque art looks for the dramatic expression using constrast effects and ornaments

Baroque Music

Very important and long era with revolutionary changes

Birth of the harmony although polyphony is still practicedPolyphony: several melodies Harmony: one melody + chords

New musical forms

Vocal− Opera

− Oratorio

Instrumental− Suite

− Concerto

Development of the orchestra

Thanks to:− The improvement of the violin

family

− Addition of instruments (transverse flute, horn)

− New musical forms (opera, concerto)

History of the Baroque Orchestra (click)

The Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra (click)

BAROQUE ORCHESTRA (variable)

Violins, Violas, Cellos, Doublebasses 2 Flutes/Oboes, Basson 2 Horns, 2 trumpets 2 Timpani Harpischord

Antonio Vivaldi (1687-1741)

He was born in Venecia

He was called 'The red monk'

His 477 concertos established the new form

(3 movements, contrast of tutti and soli)

He composed 'The Four Seasons', a set of 4 concerts for violin and orchestra

The Summer. 3rd movement ♪

The Spring. 1st movement ♪

The Autumn

The Winter

− Un príncipe en Venecia (trailer)

Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)

He was born in Eisenach

He played organ, harpischord, violin & viola

His family was one of the greatest musician family

He had 20 children and 2 wives

His work is considered the top of Baroque music for its intellectual and artistic depth.

− Cantata BWV 147

− Prelude in C major ♪− Goldberg Variations

− Tocata and Fuga ♪

− Badinerie ♪

− Suite for Violoncello ♪

− Chaconne for Violin

- Mein name ist Bach (trailer)- BBC Great Composers: J.S.Bach (trailer)

G.F.Haendel (1685-1759)

He was born in Halle, Germany

He went to England after his success in

London with 'Rinaldo'

He nationalized British

Famous for his italian operas and oratorios

He created the Royal Academy of Music

His huge work is the synthesis of Italian,

English, German, and French styles.

− Rinaldo (Lascia ch'io pianga) ♪

− El Mesías (Aleluya) ♪

BBC Great Composers: Handel God Rot Tunbridge Wells - The Life Of Georg Frederic Handel