balochi reader - dr. abdul razzaq sabir

7/27/2019 BALOCHI READER - Dr. Abdul Razzaq Sabir

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/balochi-reader-dr-abdul-razzaq-sabir 1/40

BALOCHI READER

Dr. Abdul Razzaq Sabir



BALOCHI READER

Dr. Abdul Razzaq Sabir



Balochi Reader

Copyright © 2011 by AECOM.

All rights reserved.

No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or byany means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying andrecording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior written permission from the copyright owner.

First Edition: November 2010Second Impression: January 2011

All inquiries should be directed to:

Dunwoody Press

6525 Belcrest Rd., Suite 460

Hyattsville, MD 20782

U.S.A.

ISBN: 978-1-931546-79-9

Library of Congress Control Number: 2010938135

Printed and bound in the United States of America



DEDICATION

This book is dedicated

to my teacher

and prominent Balochi scholar

Prof. Abdullah Jan Jamaldini



Table of Contents

Preface ............................................................................................... i

The Balochi Language ..................................................................... ii

Balochi Grammar ........................................................................... iv

Morphology ...................................................................................... v

Abbreviations Used in the Reader ................................................. x

The Balochi Alphabet ..................................................................... xi

Sources of Reading ....................................................................... xiii

Bibliography ................................................................................... xv

Selections

1: ك زدہ جل .......................................................................... 1 2: ﴾لو﴿ ب و ..................................................................... 7 3: ر غوث ش زجو ................................................................. 13 4: ڈ ء چو ............................................................................. 18 5: وچ جن ............................................................................... 23 6: ر داد ہ .............................................................................. 27 7: ......................................................................... 31ك فض حد8: ں ن ء زن ڈ ............................................................. 35 9: .......................................................................... 39وئ ء ری

10: ن وژن ..................................................................... 43 11: بلوچستن ء سواد جہ ...................................................................... 48 12: عدار دم ........................................................................... 52 13: عم ....................................................................................... 56 14: ون ء زں اڑاد ............................................................... 60 15: وچ ں ادو ء ................................................................. 63

16: ر ل ن صر ..................................................................... 67 17: ر ل چو....................................................................... 72 18: ئرد ء نو .................................................................... 75 19: اد ورن زجو

ل و ز ء زل ء درں .............................................. 78

20: .................................................................... 83وادر ورٹ ء وچ21: ران ء ور ھں روزر ........................................................ 86 22: ورواگ ء زاگ ئے رں و ز ......................................... 90 23: ون ء رھدرر

ر ر حد ری ................................................................... 94 24: وچ ں رن ء ................................................................. 98 25: و ءرد ء نو............................................................... 102



26: راجے ت گ .............................................................. 105 27: ن ء ور ......................................................................... 110 28: ت و ئے و دں زن .................................................. 113 29: اون ء و حق ............................................................ 117 30: ں ءوچ ...................................................................... 122 31: .......................................................... 127د ررس جہ32: آن

﴾مو ء گ ﴿ .................................................................... 131 33: آ ے ء پآ ......................................................................... 135 34: ری ت ........................................................................... 137 35: ن ء د و ج ون و دوش ........................................... 141 36: ن رز

ون ء آپ ری ء ك راد .................................................. 144

37: :............................................... 148 38ر صر ن وری ء ر رد ون دور ء وچ جن ............................................................. 152 39: ك ری دوان ..................................................................... 155 40: ......................................................... 158زارج ن ل رك41: ون ء ری .............................................................. 163 42: وچ جن ء راج ء ر حت ............................................... 167 43: دار ................................................................................ 171 44: را ء رخ ء وچ .............................................................. 176 45: زد گ .......................................................................... 180 46: ................................................................................ 184رڑھ

TranslationsSelection 1: Madam Zubaida Jalal .......................................... 191

Selection 2: National Games (Editorial) .................................. 191

Selection 3: Father of the Nation ............................................. 192

Selection 4: Baloch and the Media .......................................... 193

Selection 5: Baloch Women .................................................... 193

Selection 6: Mir Dad Shah ....................................................... 194

Selection 7: Malik Faiz Muhammad ........................................ 195

Selection 8: Earthquake in Pakistan ........................................ 196

Selection 9: The Betterment of Quetta .................................... 197

Selection 10: Pakistan Television .............................................. 198

Selection 11: The Tourist Sites of Balochistan .......................... 199

Selection 12: Abdul Ghaffar Nadeem ........................................ 200Selection 13: Education ............................................................. 201

Selection 14: Major Problems in Balochistan ............................ 202

Selection 15: Baloch in Scandinavia ......................................... 203



Selection 16: Mir Gul Khan Naseer ........................................... 204

Selection 17: One Party for Baloch ........................................... 205

Selection 18: The Development of Balochistan ........................ 206

Selection 19: Ustad Noor Khan Bizinjo: A Bright Star of Balochi Music....................................................... 206

Selection 20: Gawadar Port and Baloch ................................... 207

Selection 21: Employment for Mekran Youth ............................ 208

Selection 22: Education is our most importantNational Need. ..................................................... 209

Selection 23: The Political Leader of Balochistan: Mir Sher Mohammed Marri ................................................ 210

Selection 24: Baloch in Turkmenistan ....................................... 211

Selection 25: The Resources of Balochistan ............................. 212

Selection 26: A Deaf Nation ...................................................... 213 Selection 27: Me and the Computer .......................................... 215

Selection 28: Balochi: Our sweet language ............................... 216

Selection 29: The Rights of the Baloch in Afghanistan ............. 217

Selection 30: The Baloch in Kenya ........................................... 218

Selection 31: Syed Hashmi Reference Library.......................... 218

Selection 32: Aamen (The Date Harvesting Season) ............... 220

Selection 33: Water and Lack of Water ..................................... 221

Selection 34: The Miri Fort ........................................................ 221

Selection 35: Protecting and Caring for Pakistan’s Forests ...... 222

Selection 36: Kehn or Karez: An Irrigation Systemin Balochistan ...................................................... 223

Selection 37: The Historic Role of Mir Nasir Khan Noori ............ 224 Selection 38: The Modern Age and Baloch Women ................. 225

Selection 39: The Donors Conference ...................................... 226

Selection 40: Hazar Ganji Chiltan National Park ....................... 227

Selection 41: Fisheries in Balochistan ....................................... 228

Selection 42: The Social and Historical Status of Baloch Woman .................................................... 229

Selection 43: Khuzdar ............................................................... 230

Selection 44: The History of Karachi and the Baloch ................ 231

Selection 45: A Lifestyle ............................................................ 232

Selection 46: Mehrgarh ............................................................. 233

Glossary ........................................................................................ 237



i

Preface

This book provides an advanced beginner or intermediate studentof Balochi with a variety of mostly Western dialect selections published indifferent magazines and newspapers in Balochistan. A few selections have

been obtained from radio and television broadcasts at Television CentreQuetta and Radio Pakistan Quetta. The selected material was published and

broadcast between 1996-2006.

The work presented in this book is divided into three parts. Thefirst part is a very brief sketch of Balochi grammar. Its purpose is to serveas a brief reference for the readers. The second part consists of 46 sampleselections. The selections collected from different magazines, newspapers,and audio/video voices represent a broad range of subjects including sociallife, history, politics, economy, agriculture, nature, education, language andliterature, archaeology, industry, fisheries, and many other areas that reflect

Balochistan and Baloch society and life. The articles are reproduced mostlyas they were with the exception that obvious typical mistakes and somestructural errors have been corrected. A few lengthy articles were shortenedto better fit the need and demands of the readers. The audio and videoselections have been transcribed in the common Balochi script. An Englishtranslation accompanies the transcriptions. A glossary follows eachselection with new words and phrases that occurred for the first time in theselection. There are also some notes that provide information aboutlinguistic and cultural features related to each selection that may be unclear to the readers. The third part of the Balochi Reader is a general glossary of items. It is a list of words and phrases that occur in the selections. Theglossary follows Balochi alphabetical order.

I would like to acknowledge with gratitude the support provided

by Tom Creamer Director Language Research Center AECOM, for providing me with the opportunity to work on this project. Mel Deatherageis the person from Dunwoody Press with who, besides professionalcollaboration, I always worked as a personal colleague and friend.Acknowledgements to all those at AECOM, Inc for their assistance,especially their patience in putting up with my tardiness. This book

benefited greatly from a critical reading and editing of its English andBalochi versions by Ms. Erin Gyomber and Dr Timothy Farrell. I wouldlike further to thank my team members, particularly Dr. Munir AhmedBaloch, Dr. R.B Raisani, Mr. Abdul Saboor Baloch, Naseebullah Baloch,M. Tahir Baloch, Mr. Yousaf Mengal, A. Razziq, Waheed Razzaq, and Mr.

Naveed Sarparra, for their valuable devotion during the project work.

Dr. Abdul Razzaq Abdul Samad Sabir University of BalochistanQuetta-PakistanOctober 2010



ii

The Balochi Language Balochi is a member of the Iranian group of the Indo-European

language family. Balochi is the language of the Baloch, a mainly tribal people, the great majority of whom live in the Balochistan province of Pakistan. Smaller populations also live in Punjab, interior Sindh, andKarachi Pakistan, southeast Iran in the province of Sistan-o-Balochistan,the Helmand and Nimruz provinces of Afghanistan, the Gulf states, andsome parts of the Mari Province in Turkmenistan.

Balochi has been classified as part of the West Iranian Group of the Iranian (Iranic) branch of the Indo-European language family. The mostrelated languages to Balochi from this group are Kurdish, Sughdi, Dari, andother northwest Iranian languages, and Persian (Farsi), Pashto, Tajiki,Ossetian, and other east Iranian languages. The number of speakers is verydifficult to estimate because there are no census figures provided by thegovernments where language is spoken. The main Baloch populations arein Pakistan and Iran and an upper estimate is seven million and a lower estimate is four million.

The Balochi language has three major dialects, Eastern Balochi,Western Balochi and Southern or Rakhshani Balochi. There is a noticeabledifference in infinitive verbs between the Rakhshani and Western or Mekrani dialects.

There are probably around six million Balochi speakers around theworld, most of whom speak the Western dialect. It is worth mentioning thatthis dialect has been most widely used in Balochi literature. The easternBalochi dialect is spoken in the northeast parts of Balochistan (Pakistan),some parts of south Punjab, and in Sindh. The Eastern dialect is less

developed in many ways and it is most influenced by the Sindhi and Siraikilanguages spoken close to it.

Most linguists are of the opinion that Balochi was more widelyspoken in the 19th and early 20th centuries than nowadays. Especially inPunjab and Sindh there are many people today who recognize themselvesas Baloch but speak other Indo-Arian languages like Siraiki, Sindhi, andPunjabi. There are also Baloch both in the Gulf States and Africa who haveswitched over from speaking Balochi to speaking and writing Arabic andSwahili languages respectively.

Balochi was used only as an oral language until the post-colonial period in Balochistan. There was no tradition of Balochi as a medium of instruction or as a written language. The first printed book on Balochi waswritten by Major E. Mockler, an Englishman, and published by Henry S.

King & Co. in 1877. Another early manuscript, a language teaching book,was written by Kamalan Gichki, a native writer of Balochi in Mekran in thesame period. The most well-known book of its kind is M. LongworthDames‟ “A Textbook of the Balochi Language” (grammar, dialogue,stories, legends, poems) published in 1901 with a revised edition in 1922



iii

from Lahore. Hathu Ram, an important historian and author of many bookson Balochistan and Baloch history and an Indian official, wrote his book

“Balochi Nama” in Persian and Urdu at the end of the nineteenth century.The British army officers in India learned Balochi in order to project their

power and authority over the native people.

The first institution where Balochi and Brahui were introduced asmediums of instruction at the end of nineteenth century was the “Madrasa-e-Durkhan,” or Durkhani Religious Institution, established in 1880 near thevillage of Durkhan near Dhadar (Balochistan). The efforts made by theMadrasa-e-Durkhani can be mentioned as a literary and religiousmovement for spreading religious awareness among the Baloch peoplethrough their native languages. According to an estimate, 91 books,including a translation of the Holy Quran in Balochi, were published here.

When we look at the status of Balochi in Iran, we can see that theconstitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1980 clearly mentions that “the

official language and script of Iran, the lingua franca of its people, isPersian. The use of regional and national languages in the press and massmedia, however, as well as for teaching in schools the literatures written inthem, is permitted in addition to Persian.” But on the ground the reality isquietly different. At present there are no publications in the Balochilanguage. A few magazines emerged after the Islamic revolution in 1979,

but, due to pressure from the authorities, these were closed down soon.There is no provision to teach Balochi in the schools of IranianBalochistan. Radio Zahedan broadcasts a daily Balochi language programfrom the capital of the Sistan-o-Balochistan province, Zahedan. ManyBaloch in Iran are concerned about the strong Persian influence on Balochi,as all education takes place in Persian and Balochi are rapidly adopting thePersian language.

There are countries, including Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan,Turkmenistan, and the Arab Gulf states, in which Balochi is spoken, but itis considered neither an official language nor a medium of instruction for Balochi-speaking areas. In Pakistan in 1989, the government of NawabAkbar Khan Bugti in Balochistan adopted the use of Balochi as the mediumof primary education in the province until the desolation of his governmentin 1992. At present, courses in Balochi language and literature are offeredat colleges in Balochistan and at the University of Balochistan in Quetta atthe degree and masters levels. There are also several Balochi newspapersand magazines published in Balochi in Pakistan. The Balochi AcademyQuetta, however, receives limited government funding and is working onvarious profile-raising projects on Balochi including a Standard BalochiDictionary. The radio stations at Quetta, Turbat, and Khuzdar broadcast inBalochi. Besides Pakistan, Radio Iran Zahedan, Radio Kabul and New

Delhi also broadcast Balochi programs. Balochi programs are telecast fromTelevision Centre, Quetta, and Kabul, but a separate private Balochitelevision channel is the need of the hour.



iv

Balochi Grammar

Phonology

The phonetic system of Balochi is characterized by a phonemeinventory consisting of eight vowels, (five long A, I, U, E, O, and three

short a, i, u), two diphthongs ( ئا ai and ا au ) and twenty-five nativeconsonants. A reasonable number of loan sounds are also present. Amongthe vowels, a long/short distinction exists and is contrastive in thelanguage. The use of retroflex articulations is a characteristic property of the Balochi sound system influenced by the Indio Aryan languages of India.

Vowels

Front Central Back

Closed ی ee i, (ؽؾ) oo () u

Half closed ے e ا o

Half open ا a

Open آ aa

Consonants

B i l a b i a l

L a b i o - d e n t a l

A l v e o l a r

P o s t -

a l v e o l a r

P a l a t a l

V e l a r

U v u l a r

G l o t t a l

Stops ة پ ظ ٹ ڈ گک

Fricatives ؾ ـ ل ژ ش ذ

Affricates چ

Nasals ں

Lateralapproximants

Trill ؼRetroflex trill ڑApproximants ی(semi-vowels)



v

In Balochi, the retroflex phonemes are borrowed from neighboring

Indian languages. The nazal phoneme ں /n/ is found only in Eastern

Balochi. The phonemes / /,/ / , and // are found in Western Balochi as

in loan words. The phoneme // is found only in “learned pronunciation”.

While the Arabic phonemes / /,//,/و/,//,//,/ /, and // are notfound in Balochi, but are present in the orthography in Arabic and Persianloan words.

Morphology

Noun

The formation of Balochi nouns corresponds closely with Persian.

Balochi has two numbers singular, and plural, and four cases. There is nogrammatical gender or historical stem in Balochi. Noun inflection is given

below for “ ظؽ mard” man.

Singular Plural

Nominative mard ؽظ (man) Mard ؽظ (men)

Genitive marde ءؽظ (man’s) mardaanee اظؽ (men’s)

Accusative/dative mardaa ء ظؽ (to man) mardaan ؽظاں (to men) Oblique mardaa ء ظؽ (to man) mardaan ؽظاں (to men)

Adjectives

All adjectives in the attributive position must take the suffix /ا -

en/. The attributive adjectives take / ا en/ and precede the noun theyqualify.

peeren mard ؽظ ؽ the old man

washen naa ب ن delicious dates

The predicative adjectives do not take / ا en/.

aa mard shar na int ہ ؽظ نؽ آ That man is not good.

e janik shar int خ نؽ اے This girl is good.

Comparative adjectives in Balochi are made by adding the endings

ؽ“ - tir “ and “ؽ - tiren” to the positive form. However, adjectives in the positive can also be used for comparison.



vi

ہ ظؼقبں نؽ ؽ

My pen is the best of allmanee kalam sha drustaan shartir int

نہ ظؼقبں نؽؽ

my pen from all best is

(nom.sg.) (obl.pl) (positive) (pres.ind.3p.sg)

bachak sha jinik mastir int

ث نہ خ كؽ

boy from girl elder is

The interrogative adjectives are / : chunt/ how many /ف chinkas/ how much. The main quantity adjectives are /ؾبث baaz/ „many,

several; / ؿ cheezen/ few, a little, some; /ئاؼظ or قؼظ/ „all, all of;

/ kam/ „little, few.

Pronouns

The personal pronouns have the following forms.

lst person 2nd person 3rd person

Singular

Nominative man tau (ta) آ aa

Genitive manee(maee,minee) tahee(tee) آئؽا aaheeAccusative/dative manaa ؽا taraa آ aa, آئؽا aairaa Oblique man tau,ta,to ئآ aahee

Plural

Nominative ب maa ب ن shumaa آ aa

Genitive maee ن shumae,shumee آاب aawaanee Accusative/dative بؼا maaraa بؼا ن shumaaraa آاب aawaanaa

Oblique ب maa ب ن shumaa اآ aawaan

There is no third person pronoun. The demonstrative pronouns areused in its place. The demonstrative pronouns have the following forms.The proximate demonstrative pronouns are:



vii

Singular Plural

Nominative اے e or ا esh اهبں eshaan

Genitive ها eshee بها eshaanee

Oblique ء ا eshee بها eshaan The remote demonstrative pronouns are:

Nominative آ aa آبں aayaan

Genitive ئآ aahee بآ aayaanee

Accusative/dative آؼآئ aaheearaa آابؼا aawaanaaraa

Oblique ءئآ aayaa آبں aayaan

Interrogative pronouns

che (what) kay (who) بد kujaam (which)

The verb system in Balochi

Verbal categories in Balochi are person, number, tenses, mood,and voices. Persons are first, second, and third. Numbers are singular and

plural. Tenses are present, past, and future. There are two voices, active and passive and the moods are indicative, imperative, and subjunctive.

Negation in Balochi is expressed with the help of the prefixial

particle /na ہ / with the verb while the negative prefix /ma ہ / is used in

the imperative and the subjunctive. The modal imperative prefix is /bi ثہ /or /pi ہ /, but this prefix is dropped in the compound verbs.

Personal endings

The personal endings in Balochi for present tense are:

1

2

3

Singular Plural

ا een (I do) ا an (We do)

اے ay (You do) it ا (You do)

t (He/She do) ا ant ا (They do)

The personal endings in Balochi for preterit tenses are:

1

2

3

Singular Plural un ؽ (I did) ا an ؽبں (We did)

اے ay ؽ (You did) it ؽ (You did)Zero ؽ (He/She did) ا ant ا ؽ (They did)



viii

The verbal system of Balochi, like that of other Iranian languages,is based on two stems, present and past. The present tense is formed by

present stem + personal endings.

آ کر کت (He does)

يرو ن م (I eat food)

م رواں (We go)

Imperative

The imperative in Balochi is used only in the second person

singular and plural. The modal imperative prefix is /bi ہ / or /pi پہ /, butthis prefix is dropped in the compound verbs.

ک ہپ pikan (do)

زور buzoor (take)

Compound verbs

Compound verbs in Balochi are formed from nouns, adjectives, or

adverbs plus the colorless verbs like کگ knang (to do) or گئ boohag (to become), for example.

حسب کگ hisab kanag (to count)

ار کگ tawaar kanag (to call)

کگ bahaa kanag (to sell)

In the Rakhshani dialect, instead of گک kanag, ک kurtin, and

ئ boohag butin is used.

Syntax

Word order in Balochi, like in many other Indo-Iranian languages, isSub + Obj + Verb (SOV). The order between direct and indirect object is alsoquite free, the more emphasized object preceding the other one for example.The verbal system of the language is comprised of two voices (active and

passive), four moods (indicative, interrogative, imperative, and subjunctive),and two tenses (past and present/future. Morphologically, there is no formaldistinction between present and future forms in all verb forms with the singular

exception of the copula “to be”), and two aspects (perfect, imperfect/continuative). Verbs agree with their subjects in person and number. Complexor so-called “light” verb constructions are productive in the language. In thisconstruction, a nominal, adjectival, or verbal element is followed by anauxiliary verb such as “come”, “become”, “do”, etc.



ix

اظ ؾؼ ؽا

اؽث Data zarr Taraa biraat Manee

gave money You brother My

(gen.sg.) (nom.pl.) (dat.sg.) (nom.sg.) (gen.sg.)

Orthography

Balochi has a very short writing system history. Prior to the 19thcentury, Balochi was an unwritten language. The British introduced Balochi inwritten form during the 19th century with a Roman script. In the late 19thcentury, a substantial sect of scholars adopted the Naskh or Arabic script, thusdividing the language community. Today, there is no standard orthography andevery school of thought has its own pattern, but among all these a standard

orthography is also coming out. In Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan, Balochi iswritten using the Arabic/Urdu orthography. The Roman script is widelyemployed by Balochi speakers outside these countries.



x

Abbreviation Used in the Reader

Grammar

Adj Adjective

Adv Adverb

Conj Conjunction

Interj Interjection

Inf Infinitive

Imp Imperative

N Noun

Prep Preposition

Pron Pronoun

V Verb

Languages

A Arabic

Br Brahui

E English

P Persian

Pash Pashto

U Urdu



xi

The Balochi Alphabet

آ aa or ā See also vowels.

ا a See also vowels.

ة b

پ p

t

ٹ th or t

s Found only in Arabic loanwords.

j چ ch or č

ذ h

ش kh or x

ظ d

ڈ dh or đ

غ z Found only in Arabic loanwords.

ؼ r

ڑ rh, ř ؾ z

ژ zh or ž

ـ s

ل sh and š

و s Found only in Arabic loanwords.

zh or ž Found only in Arabic loanwords.

t Found only in Arabic loanwords. z Found only in Arabic loanwords. h Found only in Arabic loanwords. gh or ĝ

f

q Found only in Arabic loanwords. ک k گ g

l m n

ں ñ Represents a preceding nasalizedvowel.



xii

v See also vowels.

h See also vowels.

ھ h See also vowels.

ء ) ء ء or i, a, o) See also vowels. ی ee or ī See also vowels.

ے y/i

In Balochi orthography, Arabic letters with the same sounds inBalochi are represented by different symbols; therefore, the reader canrelate the phonemic transcription with the Arabic/Balochi script with out a

problem.

1. /t/ Represents , and .

2. /h/ Represents ,ذ , and .ھ3. /s/ Represents , , andـ .و

4. /z/ Represents ,غ ,ژ , and .



xiii

Sources of Readings

1 Balochi labzank Hub-Balochistan, March-April, 2000, p. 6-7.

2 Chagird Quetta, September, 2004, p. 2.

3 Balochi Labzank Hub, Balochistan June-July, 1990, p. 24-25.

4 Balochi Zind Nushki, March, 2005, p. 5.

5 Balochi Labzank Hub-Balochistan, June-July, 1990, p. 24-25.

6 Balochi Quetta-Balochistan. p. 33-35.

7 Balochi Zind Nushki, September, 2005, p. 5-6.

8 Balochi Zind Nushki, October, 2005, p. 5-6.

9 Nawa-i-Watan Quetta, 2 November, 2005, p. 2.

10 Balochi Quetta, February, 2004, p. 6.


12 Balochi Zind Nushki, June, 2005, p. 4.

13 Kech Turbat, Degree College Turbat 1993, p. 12.

14 Balochi Zind Nushki, July, 2005, pp. 41-42.

15 Balochi Quetta Balochistan, December 1999, p. 33-34.

16 Balochi Zind Nushki, November, 2003, p. 21-23.

17 Nawa-i-Watan Quetta, 6 September, 2005, p. 3.


19 Chagird Quetta-Pakistan, August, 2003, p. 16-17.

20 Balochi Zind Nushki-Pakistan, March, 2005, p. 38-40.

21 Nawa-i-Watan Quetta-Pakistan, 12 July, 2005, p. 3.

22 Balochi Labzank Hub-Balochistan, July-August, 1991, p. 67-68.

23 Nawa-i-Watan Quetta, 24 October, 2005, p. 2.

24 Balochi Zind Nushki-Pakistan, January, 2002, p. 8.

25 Balochi Quetta, February, 2004, p. 26-27.

26 Balochi Quetta, February, 2004, p. 5.

27 Balochi Quetta, June, 1999, p. 19-20.

28 Balochi Quetta, December, 2003, p. 5.

29 Balochi Zind Nushki-Pakistan, January, 2002, p. 35-36.

30 Balochi Labzank Hub-Balochistan, Sep-Oct ,1994, p. 62-64.



xiv

31 Nidkaar Gawadar, August, 2005 p. 21-22.

32 Saarten Sameen Turbat-Balochistan, September, 2002, p. 25-26.33 Balochi Quetta, February, 2004, p. 25-26.

34 Balochi Quetta, January, 1994, p. 46-48.

35 Ulus February-March, 1985, p. 25-26.

36 Balochi Labzank Hub-Balochistan, August, 1991, p. 71-72.

37 Balochi Zind August, 2005, p. 38-39.



40 Qadam ba Qadam PTV Quetta Center, 3 January, 2006, 1630 Pm.

41 Sachaan PBC Quetta, 2 August, 2005, 1630.Pm Voice:Muhammad Tahir


43 Ulus Balochi, Quetta, July, 1984, pp. 20-22.

44 Balochi Labzank Hub, July-August, 1991, p. 29-31.

45 Balochi Zind Nushki-Balochistan, January, 2002, p. 12-13.

46 Qadam ba Qadam PTV Quetta Center, 10 January, 2006, 1930Pm.



xv

Bibliography

Ahmedzai Baloch Mir Naseer. 1984. The Grammar of Balochi languageQuetta. Balochi Academy, Sariab Road.

Ahmedzai Baloch Mir Naseer. 1988. English/Urdu/Balochi Brahui Bolchaal Quetta. Balochi Academy, Sariab Road.

Dames, M.Longworth. 1922. A Textbook of the Balochi Language. Punjab.Superintendent Government Printing Press.

Jahani Carina. The Balochi Language. Encyclopedia of the World‟s Major Languages.

J.H. Elfenbein. 1980. THE BALUCHI LANGUAGE a dialectology withtext. Karachi. Indus Publications.

Josef Elfenbein, Mainz. 1989. Baloč i. Compendium LinguarumIranicarum, Herausgegeben von Rǘdiger Schmitt. Edited by Wiesbaden. p.350-362.

M.A.R. Barker and A.K. Mengal. 1969. A Course in Baluchi Vol. l-ll .Montreal.

Mumtaz Ahmed. 1985. BALOCHI GLOSSARY. Maryland, USA.Dunwoody Press/Kensington.

Serge Axenov. 2006. The Balochi Language of Turkmenistan. Uppsala-Sweden. Uppsala Universitet.

Tetsuo, NAWATA. 1981. BALUCHI . Tokyo. Institute for the Study of Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of ForeignStudies.

Magazines, journals, newspapers and voice sources/references

Daily Nawa-i-Watan. Quetta-Balochistan, Pakistan.

Kech. Degree College Turbat magazine.

Balochi Labzank. Hub-Balochistan, Pakistan.

Balochi. Quetta-Balochistan, Pakistan.

Balochi Zind. Nushki-Balochistan, Pakistan.

Chagird. Quetta-Balochistan, Pakistan.

Nidkar. Gawadar-Balochistan.

Saarten Sameen. Turbat-Balochistan, Pakistan.

Ulus. Balochi Quetta- Pakistan.

Saachaan. Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation Quetta Centre.

Qadam-pa-qadam. Pakistan Television Quetta Centre.



Selections



Selection One

1

Selection 1

خثبي ؾث

ي ثكبءصبءاے ءصبءضبم ن ب ثدء بق ظي كءاے ببسقاءءث كب بثز

ؿظ بءبں ا گؼبث

ا ےا ءثكبثؽ خ آظ آؼي ءضع ب آؼگ ثاقب ءبئعثبءثكب

بثناظ لآءن بءك ی ق ؼبكثءكثؿاں اقب اے نج ا ؼؽ ا ےا

ظ ببء مبض چثتءب ي ےابز ء ءبن ابثبص ءخ آظ بي ؼاؾء

ؾاءاے قؽثءت ءع اى ثب ثبي ثبئظاؼءثبي ا اءيءبظؽء

ں ؽظءبءتضب اؼب ا ا ثبءىبنءظءؼگعءخؽث

ءثعاؼ با خثبؾعگ ء ؾثببںبں ث ثاقب ءجءؽ ءثءں ااؼ ع

ءءقاء ـؼاعثب بث ءثبظب ب بثءبب بب

Vocabulary

آدو (N) Human being; person; man.

آرا (Pron) To the.

ءبآ (Pron) To them.

ءآئ To him.ئآء (Pron) To him/her.

آاب (Pl) To them.

ابل (A)(N) Exploitation;acquisition.

بسقا (V) To exploit; to

acquire.

ال (N) School.

ب (N) The Almighty Allah;God.

اي (V) We hope; we expect;

we trust.

ا (N) Hope; expectation;

trust.



Selection One

2

اا or ااع (N) To be a

candidate; to expect.

اؼاظ (V-Inf) To hope; toexpect; to trust.

ءاي (N) Expectations; hopes.

ا (N) Expectation

ا (N) Wish.

(V) Is.

ا (V)(Pl) Are.

ثااؼ (V) Make together; may

collect.

ااؼ (Adv) Together; with;

along with; side by side; mix

ااؼ (N) Union; alliance;collection.

ااؼ (Inf) To make

together; to collect; to mix.

ان (Adj) First; firstly.

اث (N) First time; for the

first time.

اے (Pron) This; these.

آ (Pron) That; those.

بث (N) Madam (title for respectedlady).

ئبث (Adv) Must; it is necessary.

ثار (V) Will keep; will hold; will

take.

(Inf) To keep; to put; toظاؼگ

hold; to take.

ث (N) Time; moment; turn.بث (Adj) Continue; alive.

ثؽخب ظاؼگ (Inf) To keep alive;

to retain; to continue.

ثؽخب ظاؼ (V-Fut) Will keep

alive; retain; will continue.

ثساں (Adv) You know; that is; to say.

اؾ (Inf) To know.

ث (V) May keep; may do.

(Inf) To do; to keep.

ثهچ (N) Baloch.

بهث (N)(Pl) Balochs.

ثچ (N)(Sing) Baloch.

بهث (N) Balochistan.

هث (N) Balochi; an Iranianlanguage spoken in PakistaniBalochistan, Sindh; Punjab;

Iranian Balochistan, and some

parts of Afghanistan and theGulf states and elsewhere.

ث (V-Past) Became; occurred.ئث (Inf) To become; to occur.

ثث (V) Should be; may be.

ئث (Inf) To become; to occur.

(V-inf) To open; to untie; tounfold; to reveal; to display; to

expose.

(N) Open; surface; to

disclose.

ءب (N) Dresses; clothes;

costumes.

(N) Cloth.

ب (Adj) Fifty.

ظءدب (Adj) Fifty-two.

(Prep) For; in order to.

ؽ (Prep) Why.

ؽ Because; that is why.

بر (N) History; era; date.

ب (N) Chapter; a page; a leaf.

بى (N) Chapter; page; leaf;

issue.

(N) Development; change.

ؽءج (N)

Development; prosperity;

change.

بو (A)(Adj) All; entire; whole;

complete; finish; all over the.

ه (A)(N) Education; knowledge. (Prep) In; inside; within; among; at.

(N) Woman; female.

خظآ (N) Woman; female.

Also

جاؾ (N)(RB) Woman; female.

يدآ (N) Female; a lady;

womenfolk.

خظآ Ladies; women;

womenfolk.

ث (V) He/she may struggle.

ع خ (Inf) To struggle; to

try; to attempt; to labor; tomake an effort.

(Prep) From; by; of; out of.حق (A)(N) Right(s); true; justice;

claim.

ز (Pl) Rights; claim.

ا (P)(N) God; Almighty Allah.



Selection One

3

بص (A)(Adv) Particularly;

specially.

ض (Adj) Particular;special; noble; proper; secret.

راد (V) They keep; they expect;they put.

ظاؼگ (Inf) To keep; to expect;

to put.

د (P)(N) Daughter of.

ظضؽ (N) Daughter.

ثزد (N) Request.

ث ظؾ (Inf) To request;

to submit.

قظ (N) Hand.

ثع (N) Close.

دعب (N) Blessing; pray; wish.

ظب (Inf) To pray; to bless.

د (N) World; globe; wealth. Seealso

ظ .

د (Adj) Two.

رءدد (N) Customs; traditions;

culture.

د (V-Inf) To give; to present.

اظ (V-Past) Gave.

ظاظ (N) Gift; revenge; praise.

ب آرد (V-Inf) To bring forward.

ظ (N) Front; face.

آؼگ (Inf) To to put forward; to

bring; to carry over; to make.ڈ (N) Area; land; territory;

country; region.

ر (V-Past) Arrived; reached;

found;

قؼ (Inf) To arrive; to reach;

to gained; achieved; find; to

gain; to get; to be available.

از (V) I/We know.

اؾ (Inf) To know; to be

aware.

بثز (N) Language; tongue.

زث (N) Zubaida Jalal (theformer education Minister of

Pakistan).زگ (Adj) Alive; living.

عؾ (N) Life.

بل (N) Year.

ث (V-Past) Reached; arrived;

came.

ئث ؽق (Inf) To reach; toarrive; attained; to come; toattain.

ج (A)(N) Department; section; branch.

صثبئ (Adj) Provincial.

ث (N) Province; state.

ر (A)(N) Need; demand;

compulsion.

ؽؼ (N) Necessary;

imperative; want; necessity;compulsory.

غ (A)(Adj) Poor; needy.

ؽ (N) Poverty; lowliness.

بي (V) Nations.

(Sing) Nation; tribe.

ببي (Adj) Happy; successful;satisfied.

بب (N) Success; happiness;

prosperity.

(Adj) Smaller; little;younger.

كؽ (Adj) Small; little; young.

(V) We make; we do.

(Inf) To do; to make.

(Rel-Pron) That; which; who.

(Conj) Because; as; if.

ببو (Adv) Step by step;degrees.

ب (N) Foot; step; every step;

slowly.

پ (N) Talk; saying; news.

(Inf) To talk; to

speech; say; to speak.

م بد (Adj) Pleasure; happy;gladness.

اد (V-Past) Listened.

ل (N) Ear.

اؼل ظ (V-Inf) To listen; to

watch.

(Prep) With; together; in the

possession of; accompanying.ج (N) Development; change; prosperity.



Selection One

4

ءٹ (N) Loot; robbing of; havoc.

(V) To loot.

(V) To devastation; snatch.

يب (Pron) We.

(Pron) I.

بي (Adj) Mothers; ancestral.

ب (N) Mother (in Eastern

Balochi). traditional. See also

بـ .

بيببثز (N) Mother tongues;native languages.

بثؾ (N) Tongue; language;

promise.

ببثؾ (N)(Sing) Mother

tongue.

بيرب (V-Inf) To remember; totake along; to accept.

يارش (N) Schools; religiousschools.

عؼق (Sing) School; religious

institutions; religious school.

بيدي (N) People; human beings.

ظؽ People; man; human

being.

سي (Adj) Bigger; larger; huge.

ؿ (N) Big thing; main

thing; important thing.

ؿ (Adj) Big; large; huge.

ي (Adj) Ministry; leadership;

headship.ؽك (Adj) Big; large; huge;

elder; rich; old; superior.

ي (Adj) Bigger; larger; greater;

elder

كؽ (Adj) Big; large; great;

elder.

هي (N) Country; homeland.

يت (A)(N) Designation; rank;

status.

ي (V) Let him/her not do.


هي (N) People; folk; mankind.

ي (Pron) Our.

(Pron)(Sing) My; mine.ي (N) Small town; village; camp.

ب راض (Adj) Disappoint;

dissatisfied.

اؼب (N) Disappointment;

unwilling; displeased; angry;displeasure; discontent.

ئب (P)(N) Representation;deputation.

بئع or گعئب (N) Agent;

representative.

ث (V-Past) Has been

written.

ن (Inf) To write.

ن (N) Writing; luck;

fortune.

(Adj) New; modern; recent;fresh.

(Adj) Old; conservative.

ث (V) Not become; not occur.

ث (Past) Became; occurred.

ب (N) Middle rank; middleclass.

ب (N) Middle; center; interval.

(Prep) During; between; in the

course of.

ب (Adj) Central; middle;

medium.

ي (N) Rank; group.

ا (Conj) Then; rather; but; on theother hand.

اب (Prep) For; cause; for the sake

of; reason; in order to.

با ب (N) Reading places;

schools.

ا خب (Sing) Reading place;school.

ا (Inf) To read.

خب (N) Place; general place.

(Pron) One‟s self;herself/himself.

(Pron&Adj) His/her; its; self;one‟s own; personal; belongingto self.

راز (N) Ministry.

ؾ (N) Minister.

بح (N) Good news.

ن (N) Happy; happiness;

good; pleasure; gladness;delight.

بز (N) Haal (a traditional

Balochi style of exchangingnews with guests, newcomers

and strangers).



Selection One

5

بف (Adj) Federal; central.

ب (N) Federation; center.

(Adv) Any; at all; at any time;never.

ث (Adv) At any time; never.

(Adv) Anyone; anybody.

ھ (Adv) Anytime.

(Adj) Every; any; each; all.

ھب (Pron) That; those.

(Adv) Also; too; even; as well as;as well; moreover.

ء (Prep) On: over; upon; on the; at; a

participle affixed to the name of

the agent with a transitive verbin the past tense.

ء (Prep) Of; of the; belonging (to).

آ (Pl) Of them; concerning;

adjectival termination.

ء (Conj) And. See also and ا (Adj) One; a; single.

Notes

1. خؾث (N) A well-educated and dynamic lady from a far-flung area of

Mekran, Balochistan. She is well-known for her social mobilization and educationalreforms in the country, particularly in Mekran. She was Federal Minister of Education during the years 2002-2004 and she is now Federal Minister for Pakistan‟s Special Education.

2. ظضؽ (N) The Persian word used for “daughter ” and “e” is a preposition that

means “of.” The complete term بكث ظضؽ means “daughter of Balochistan.”

3. ظ ءدب (Fifty-two) In Balochi, a digit within a decade is expressed by the word

for the decade + the connective // “and” + the digit, e.g, ب (forty-four); ظبه ق (eighty-three). Multiples such as “hundred” and “thousand” are indicated by

the digit denoting the multiple + the larger unit. For example ؿاؼ نك ظقدب ع ن (three lac sixty-two thousand nine hundred fifty-six).

4. ؿ (Adj) “Big thing or big news.” In Balochi the attributive adjectives take

the suffix ا and precede the noun they qualify, e.g, ؿؽ “the old man” or “the

prominent man,” آق “the red water.”

5. ابث “For the first time.” Ordinal numerals are formed by the addition of the

suffix / / to the numeral stem. There are only three irregularities. a) “First” is

expressed by a completely separate word ا derived from the Persian ا . b)

“First” after a decade is expressed by the decade + /w . c) The stem / ظ / “two”

has an alternate form /ظ / before / / e.g. / ظ / “second.”

6. Like in Persian, God is called ضعا in Balochi with a phonetic change of ش into ھ .The Southern Balochi dialect does not have , thus, they sayش “ ھعا“ for the Persian

word ضعا “ .”

7. ببن In Balochi ب or “mothers” means “traditional” and ءبن

means “dress” or “dresses.” The combined meaning of the word is “ancestral;traditional; cultural.”

8. ثظؾ “Request with folded hands.” /قظ or / meansظؾ “hands” and / ثع /“folded.” Together they mean to make a sincere request.



Selection One

6

9. بز (N) “ News.” A traditional Balochi style to welcome wherein the newcomer

or stranger to a home or village is asked to state his purpose and tell his travel story.

In exchange, an elder will tell him the latest news or event. According to Balochtradition, if a host does not do this, he does not care about his guest.

10. RB, The Rakhshani Dialect of Balochi spoken in the Western region of

Balochistan.

11. EB; EHB, The Eastern Hill Dialect of Balochi spoken in Eastern Balochistan.



Selection Two

7

Selection 2

بن﴿ ت

ئ كبجاعبن ؽےاجق ثءت ب ث نبقب ثب قؽاں ت

نبػتجقءث خؽق باق ةقج عگ خءؽ بءق ثآؼا ءؽى

ئبثب ب جباے بثؽخء ن ؼچاے دقي ءظ ؼاؿ نب ؽ جاؾج

اؽبءبث ءبں قؽخ ؽ بؽؽث

ااؽ خاعس بخاؽ ءحثءق اے ثاعثءبؼ ظظ عبنؼظن

ظ قب چؼببثببن عث ظؼ اؽؽبث

ق ءبكث ء ےاا تگؼاظا ثثؽد ءثظبءا گؼاظ ؼ اے

بؼ بای ؽؽن جھ ےاز ي ئ ءا تء یظقآبؼ ثبا ث اے

زء ؽ ا آقظجباے اے ھجؽ ـبءث ےابجببثق ءؿ زبؽا

سثباثء ظؼچضؽچ آچؼ ن ػزءتجقءدق بث خؽق دبثف بں

اء ظاؼ

ےابجبزؽجھ ء ا به“Logo”

بد بی بهھؽءاؿ بق ءگؼؾ ثاھؽءها اے ھجؽ عؼهاچ ؼچ

ادقظ اكبء بكتء

بثدب ا ائآ عگءؽاي ء بكثءخقاؼاعاعبیبجءا بهےا

ثبثئظ ؽبكث ن ءعئب ءا ب



Selection Two

8

ئظاؼاں بنءث خؽ ےابكثء

ب

Vocabulary

ظقآب (V) Comforts; facilities.

آقظ (Adj) Prosperity; comfort;

rich; well-to-do; wealthy.

آئ (Pron) That; his/her/its.

اچ (Prep) From.

با (N) Leader; guide.

با (N) Religious scholar;

mullah.ا (N) Expectation(s).

ا ا It is expected that.

ااؼاظ (V) We expect.

اؼاظ (Inf) To expect.

ا (N) Hope; expectation. See also

ا or ا .

ا (V) Are; have been.

با (A)(N) Management;

administration; arrangements;organization.

بؼ با (N) Management;

administration.

با (A)(N) Management;

arrangements; organization;administration.

بكا (Adj) Human; humanitarian.

بكا (N-Adj) Human

civilization.

بكا (N) Human being.

ا (Pron) This; it.

هبا (Pron) Its; of these.

ا (Pron) This; its.

ا (N) Ayub Khan (president of

Pakistan from 1958-1968).

ة اقا (N)Ayub Stadium

(the main stadium in Quettanamed after Ayub Khan.Stadium is also known as

Nauroz Stadium).

ثبث (Prep) Regard; connection.

ثبؾ (Adj) Various; many; most of

the; numerous; too much; high;huge; more.

ثف (Adv) Only; enough; finish.

ثف (Inf) To finish; to stop.

ث (Conj) But; yet; however.

ب (N) Start; beginning; opening.

ثب (Inf) To start; to launch;to begin; to open; to inaugurate.

ثبئ (Adj) Inaugural.

ث (V) Would be.

ئث (Inf) To be.

ثدب (N) Center; meeting point;

center (of a circle).

اعث (Adj) Opening; inaugural.

اعث (Adj) Opening

session; inaugural session;

opening ceremonies.

(N) Opening; inauguration.

ثؽ (N) Inaugural

session; opening ceremony.

ثب (N) Base; route.ثبں (V) Have been; have been

made.

ئث (Inf) To be.

ث (V) They have been.

ئث (Inf) To be.

ث (Adj) Better; good; very good.

ؽث ؽ (V) They will take part.

ث (N) Part; share.

ؽ ؽث (Inf) To participate.

ث (V) It/This will be.

ئث (Inf) To be.

ؽث (N) Flag; little flags made of

paper or cloth.ثك (Adj) Twenty

) ك 29th) Twenty-

ninth. Twenty. EB ك .



Selection Two

9

دبؼ (N) Distinction; logo;

identification.

هبدبؼ (N) Monogram; signof distinction; logo.

د (N) Arrival.

د (Inf) To reach; to arrive.

ؼع (V-Inf) To prove; to clear; to

disclose.

اؽؽ (E)(N) Program(s).

ن (E)(N) P.T (Physical

Training/exercise) show.

(Adj) Fully. See also

(Adj) Complete; full.

(Prep) Till; to; up to; until.

ب (N) Preparation.

ب (Inf) To be alert; to

be prepared; to be ready (for).

ب (Adj) Ready; finished;

complete.

بب (N) Arrangements.

ب (N)(Sing) Arrangement.

(N) Civilization.

ب (A)(Adj) Cultural.

ب (N) Culture.

بخ (N) Jaam; a tribal title of the

former rulers of the LasbelaState in Balochistan.

خ (Adj) Wild; forests.

خ (N) Forest; jungle.

خ (N) Banner; flag.بؼ (Adj) Four.

بؼ (Adj) All four.

بؼ (Adj) Four.

ؼب (Adj) Fourth.

بز (Adj) Special; particular;

main.

زبؽا (Prep) For.

ػز (N) Efforts; services.

ز (A)(N) Truth; fact; reality;

condition.

ز (N) Government.

ضؽچ ظؼچ (N) Expenditure;

expenses.

ضؽچ (Inf) To spend.

بعاض (N) Care; look after;

preservation.

ظاؼگ (V-Inf) To arrange; to keep.

ئث گؼاظ (Inf) To organize; to

arrange; to keep.اؼگ د (V) Will be kept; will be

held.

بنؼظ (N) Show.

ظ (N) World; globe. See also

ظ (N) World; globe.

عظظ ؼث (Adj) Custom;

traditional; cultural.

عظظ ؼث (N) Custom;

tradition; culture. See also ءظظعؼث .

ظ (N) Period; times; era.

ظئ (Adj) Two; both.

ث گؼؾ (V-Past) Has beentaken; has been

ؾؼگ (Inf) To take; to catch;

caught.

جبؾ (N) Beauty.

ثع ظ ظؼ (V-Inf) To arrange; to

launch.

ؼع (N) Time; occasion.

ؼع اے (Adv) Presently;

forthwith.

ؼچ (N) Day; sun; daylight.

عاؼاقب (N) Animals.

عاقب (N) Animal.

خؽق (V-Inf) To compete; to

complete; toخؽق (N) Completion; finish;

finish; to perform; performance.

خؽق (N) Perfectness;

completeness.

خؽق (Inf) To complete; to

accomplish; to finish.

قجت (A)(N) Due to; reason; cause.

قجؽ (N) September.

ق (E)(N) Stadium; playground.

دق (Adj) Entire; whole; all

around; perfect; complete.

قؽاں (Pl) Heads.

قؽ (N)(Sing) Head; end;corner.

قج (V) To decorate; to arrange

in order.



Selection Two

10

قثع (N) Victory; success;

conquest.

قة (N) Day; sun; victory;success; conquest.

ق (N) Morning; daylight;

ت نبق (N) Morning and

night; success; continuously;regularly.

ببن (N) Entertainment;

happiness.

بن (N) Evening; night.

ن (N) Night; evening; dark.

ؼچ ن (N) Day and night;

continuously.

نؽؽ (Adj) Better; second degree of

نؽ (Adj) Good; very good.

ن (Adj) Six.

بن (N) Editorial (Balochi

newspapers and magazines usethis combined word for

editorial. ن (A)(N)

Development; promotion;advancement; increase;

progress.

ب (N) Word; poetic verses.

ن (N) City; town.

ن (N) Thing(s); article(s).

ع (Adj) Hundred.

بث (N)(Pl) Provinces.

ث (N)(Sing) Province.

(Adj) National.

(N) National level.

بب (N) Success; victory.

ئب (V) They will come.

ئآ (Inf) To come.

(N) Level; measurement.

ب (Adj) Level;

standard.

ؽ (V-Past) Have done; did;

made.


(Adj) Shortage; lack of.

ب (V)(Pl) Committees.

(Sing) Committee. (V) He/she/it does; it can.


(V-Inf) To do; to make.

(V) They make; they will

make;

(Inf) To do; to make; do;will do.

ن (N) Labor; hard work;

كن (V-Inf) To make

an effort; work hard; to makean effort; labor.

كنػ (N) Labor and

hard work.

ئ (N) Quetta (the capital of

Balochistan).

(Adj) Mountainous.

اؽ (N) Mountain sheep.

(Adj) Most ancient; very

old.

(Adj) Old; ancient.

(N-Adj) Ancient

civilization.

ب (N) Estimate; approximate.

(Adj) Last; end; after.

قؽاں (Adv) In the end; at least; at

length.

اؽ (N) Sheep.

ؽ (V) They will catch; they will

ؽث ؽ (V) Participate; take

part.

ؽ ؽث (V-Inf) To participate.

عگ (V-Inf) To see; to watch; to

look; to wait.

اؾ (N) Games; sports.

ق (Adj) Past; previous;

ancient; old.

; (N) Past timeوں دو ر

previous times; ancient period.

(E)(N) Logo; monogram; sign

of distinction.

(A)(N) Game; sports.

بج (Pl) Games

(Sub) Player.

بج Of the games.

بج (N) Games.

بج (Pl) Games

(Sub) Player; athlete. (N) Player(s).

ب (N) Athletes.

(Sub) Player; athlete.

(E)(N) Level.



Selection Two

11

ب (V) They stay; they will stay;

they retain; they will retain.

سآ (N) Departments.س (N)(Sing) Department.

قسع (N) Muhammad Yousaf

(the former Chief Minister of

Balochistan).

ؽاب (N) Gathering; function;

ceremony.

ؽظ (N) Male; man. (Adj) Hero;

brave and strong man.

ه (A)(Adj) Famous; well-

known; noted.

ه (Adj) Famous; well-

known; noted.

ه (N) Renown; famous;

rumor.ثب (A)(N) Competition; contest;

ثب (Inf) To compete;

confrontation; facing; to face.

ؽ (N) Mehrgarh (a 9,000 year-

old Neolithic archaeological

site in Balochistan).

بعا (Adj) Hosting;

entertaining.

ب (N) Guest.

بعا (N) Host; entertainer.

(N) Gathering; function;

ceremony.

ب (N) Name; famous; publicity. (Adj) Nine.

(Adj) Ninth.

(Adj) Nine.

(N) Side; corner; direction.

ؽ (N) Everywhere.

(Conj) And.

اخ (N) Sir; Mr; respected; His

Excellency.

ظاؼ (N) Waiting; looking out for.

ؼاظ (Inf) To expect; to

await; to look out for.

ؽاؾ (N) Chief Minister (of a

province).

ھجؽ (N) Word; saying; talk; subject;

matter; news; point.

ؽجھ (Inf) To say; to talk.

بػ (N) Services; duties;

functions.

ػ (N) Service; duty.

اؿ (Adj) Thousand.

(Pron) This; it.

(Conj) Or; either.

Notes

1. ئ (N) Quetta is the capital city and headquarters of the Balochistan province

of Pakistan. The old name of the city was Shalkot. The Baloch and Brahui tribesliving in and around the city call it Shalkot even today.

2. بج (N) “Games, of the.” Balochi has a three case system, all with singular and

plural, direct, genitive, and oblique. The genitive plural ending is /ee ی / from بج

(Games) بج (Games, of the).

3. ث (N) is a Balochi construction that means “inauguration” or “opening,” but

ث in Balochi means “root” and or د (Inf) means “to put.” The word for

meaning of the word is “to put the root” and it has the general meaning of “opening” or “inauguration.”

4. In Balochi, sometimes a compound noun is constructed by two words with the

same meaning in different languages, one being Balochi and the other from aneighboring language such as Arabic, Persian, or Urdu. For example, ب (N)

level; standard. in Balochi sometimes means “measurement,” “distance,” and

“space,” while ب means “estimate.” When these words are joined with , the

combined word means “level, standard.” The same thing happens with بب



Selection Two

12

قثع which means “success,” but بب is from Urdu and Persian while قثع

is the original Balochi word meaning success.

5. ؽ (Mehrgarh) is a 9,000 year-old Neolithic archaeological site near Bolan

Pass (Balochistan) that contains the signs of an old civilization of South Asia. Thediscoveries at Mehrgarh near Sibi at the foot of the Bolan Pass have proved beyond

any doubt that a well-developed agricultural system existed here as far back as7,000 BC. The domestication of animals is also thought to have begun in Mehrgarh.

6. Another artifact worth mentioning is a stamp with a rising sun on it which wasalso discovered by French archaeologists at Mehrgarh. This sun is popular inBalochistan which is why it was selected as the logo of the 29th National Games atQuetta in 2004.

balochi reader - dr. abdul razzaq sabir

Documents