bacillus subtilis, strain qst 713 use in integrated pest … · 2015-09-17 · bacillus subtilis...
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D. W. EdgecombD. Manker
AgraQuest, Inc. Davis, CA
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713Use in Integrated Pest Management
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713Use in Integrated Pest Management
Isolated from Soil – CA Organic Peach OrchardRod-shaped, Gram Positive, Aerobic, Motile Bacterium Naturally Occurring, No Genetic ModificationsUnique – Patented Bacillus StrainDistinguished by Previously Unknown MetabolitesUS - EPA Registration – July 2000First “Effective” Broad Spectrum Bio-fungicidePresidential Green Chemistry Award – 2003World Technology Award for Environment - 2004Now Registered Globally – Trade Name Serenade®
Isolated from Soil – CA Organic Peach OrchardRod-shaped, Gram Positive, Aerobic, Motile Bacterium Naturally Occurring, No Genetic ModificationsUnique – Patented Bacillus StrainDistinguished by Previously Unknown MetabolitesUS - EPA Registration – July 2000First “Effective” Broad Spectrum Bio-fungicidePresidential Green Chemistry Award – 2003World Technology Award for Environment - 2004Now Registered Globally – Trade Name Serenade®
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Cum
mul
ativ
e T
otal
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 20060
5
10
15
20
25
30
Cum
mul
ativ
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otal
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006GermanySpainGreece AustraliaCanadaPeruThailandChinaUK
FranceItalyKoreaEcuadorColumbia
Guat.Hond.Switz.TurkeyArgen.
JapanIsraelPhilip.
C.RicaMexicoN.Z.P.Rico
U.S.Chile
Global Registration StatusGlobal Registration StatusGlobal Registration Status
Bold = Currently registered
Bacillus subtilis (Strain QST 713)Bacillus subtilis (Strain QST 713)
EU Annex 1 InclusionBacillus subtilis strain QST 713, the active ingredient of biofungicide product Serenade® was voted for inclusion into Annex 1 of Directive 91/414/EEC at the EU Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health meeting on July 14, 2006.
EU Annex 1 InclusionBacillus subtilis strain QST 713, the active ingredient of biofungicide product Serenade® was voted for inclusion into Annex 1 of Directive 91/414/EEC at the EU Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health meeting on July 14, 2006.
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713
Registration Milestone
Grapes Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea)Powdery mildew (Uncinula necator)
Bananas Black Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis)Yellow Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella musicola)
Tomato / Pepper Bacterial Leaf Spot (Xanthomonas spp.)Early Blight (Alternaria solani)P.Mildew (Leveillula taurica)
Cucurbits P.Mildew (Erysiphe / Sphaerotheca spp.)Lettuce Leaf Drop (Sclerotinia spp.)Pome Fruit Fire Blight (Erwinia amylovora)
Scab (Venturia inaequalis)Mango Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)Beans White Mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)
Major Global Crops / DiseasesBacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713
Formulations: (AS) Aqueous Suspension(WP) Wettable PowderActive Ingredients Spec. = Minimum 1 X 109 cfu / gramOrganic Formulations (OMRI, IMO, BCS, JAS)> Two Year Storage Stability Excellent SuspensibilityPhysical / Biological Tank Mix Compatibility with standard fungicides
Formulations: (AS) Aqueous Suspension(WP) Wettable PowderActive Ingredients Spec. = Minimum 1 X 109 cfu / gramOrganic Formulations (OMRI, IMO, BCS, JAS)> Two Year Storage Stability Excellent SuspensibilityPhysical / Biological Tank Mix Compatibility with standard fungicides
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713
B.B. subtilissubtilis spores cover leaf spores cover leaf surface & prevent fungal surface & prevent fungal spores from penetrating spores from penetrating and infecting the plant.and infecting the plant.
LipopeptideLipopeptide metabolitesmetabolitesbreak down pathogen cell break down pathogen cell membranes, causing membranes, causing pathogen to collapse & die.pathogen to collapse & die.
Lipopeptides prevent Lipopeptides prevent pathogens from multiplying.pathogens from multiplying.
Applied Just Like Applied Just Like Other ProductsOther Products Novel Modes of ActionNovel Modes of ActionNovel Modes of Action
SAR - Role in MOA Academic or Significant
Contribution?
SARSAR -- Role in MOA Role in MOA Academic or Significant Academic or Significant
Contribution?Contribution?
No Special Equipment / Handling or Storage
No Special Equipment / No Special Equipment / Handling or StorageHandling or Storage
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713
RT: 0.01 - 30.01
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30Time (min)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Rel
ativ
e Ab
unda
nce
24.58
7.478.88
23.8010.91 23.52
25.7111.229.30
20.1019.0217.79 20.196.27 11.92 26.905.50 16.7515.414.93 12.62 28.933.731.66
NL:1.07E8Base Peak F: + c Full ms
IturinsIturins
Agrastatins/PlipastatinsAgrastatins/Plipastatins
SurfactinsSurfactins
LC-MS Profile of QST 713LC-MS Profile of QST 713
CH2
CH2
COOH
CH2
CH2
CH2
NH2
CH2
O
CH
CO
CH2
CH3
CH2
CH2
COOH
CH3
N
CH2CH2
OH
CH2
CO-NHCHCO-NHCHCO-NHCHCO-NHCHCO-NHCHCO-NHCHCO
OCCHNH-OCCHNH
HO
CONH2
CH2
CHCH3
CH3
OCCHNH
CHOH(CH2)12
CH3
Orn
Tyr
Thr Glu Ala
GlnTyrVal
Pro
Agrastatin 1
Agrastatin 2,Ala replaced by Val
CH2
CONH2
CH2
N CO
CONH2
HC
OH
CH2
CH3
CO-NHCHCO-NHCHCO-NHCHCO
Asn Tyr
CH2
CONH2
Asn
Gln
NH-OCCHNH-OCCHNH-OC
CH
CH2
OH
HN
CH CH2
CH2
Ser ProAsn
CH(CH3)2CHCH2CH3
CONH2
CH2
R(CH2)8~12
Iturin A R= CH3
Profile of B. subtilis, QST 713 Metabolites
Botrytis 0% inhibitionIturins 10ppm orAgrastatins 50ppm
Botrytis 90% inhibitionIturins 10ppm + Agrastatins 2.5ppmSynergistic Action of Metabolites
B.s. spores – Colonize and Out-compete PathogenFungicidal Metabolites – Lipopeptides Present in Formulation / Produced by Colonizing B.s.Destroy Pathogen Spore & Mycelium MembranesProvide Barrier to Infection by PathogenOptimal Use = Preventative Control ProgramNew / Unique Resistance Management Tool
B.s. spores – Colonize and Out-compete PathogenFungicidal Metabolites – Lipopeptides Present in Formulation / Produced by Colonizing B.s.Destroy Pathogen Spore & Mycelium MembranesProvide Barrier to Infection by PathogenOptimal Use = Preventative Control ProgramNew / Unique Resistance Management Tool
Novel / Multiple Modes of ActionNovel / Multiple Modes of Action
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713
Use in Integrated Programs with Conventional
Fungicides
Use in Integrated Programs with Conventional
Fungicides
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713
98.4Std FungicideQST 713Std FungicideQST 713Chemical + Biological
98.6QST 713Std FungicideQST 713Std FungicideChemical + Biological
86.9QST 713QST 713QST 713QST 713BiologicalRepeating
98.8Std FungicideStd FungicideStd FungicideStd FungicideChemicalRepeating
---WaterWaterWaterWaterUntreated
% Control20 Day13 Day7 Day0 Day
IPM Program for Cucurbit Powdery Mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea)
50% Reduction in Chemical Fungicide
Chemical standard fungicide = Quinomethionate
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713Use in Integrated Disease Control Program - Japan
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74
87
89
6/20
94
66
10
4
6/25
38
10
5
4
6/20
Untreated control
6/256/14
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305QST 713 at 4 lbs
891QST 713 at 4 lbs (5 applns); followed by Azoxystrobin at 0.15 lb ai (3 applns)
962Chlorthalonil (2.25 lbs ai)alt with Azoxystrobin (0.25 lb ai)
% Control% Powdery MildewTreatment (Amt/100 gal/acre)*
*Applied weekly on 5/3, 5/8, 5/15, 5/22, 5/30, 6/6, 6/13, and 6/19
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713Cucurbit Powdery Mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea) - USA
Bacillus subtilis Strain QST 713 - Bananas
Black Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis)
Bacillus subtilis Strain QST 713 - Bananas
Black Sigatoka (MycosphaerellaMycosphaerella fijiensisfijiensis)
Requirement = 6 Functional Leaves at HarvestRequirement = 6 Functional Leaves at Harvest
4.9 b3.4 bUntreated
8.5 a4.1 aStandard ProgramMancozeb – 1.8 liters
7.4 a3.9 aB.subtilis + mancozeb2 + 0.9 liters
7.8 a3.9 aB.subtilis 2 liters
Functional LeavesAt Harvest
Visible StreaksOn Leaves
Treatment(rate / hectare)
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713 – “Sustainable” Black Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) Control Program in Bananas
Mindanao – The Philippines (March to August 2003)Small Plot / RCB Trial MindanaoMindanao –– The Philippines (March to August 2003)The Philippines (March to August 2003)Small Plot / RCB Trial Small Plot / RCB Trial
Product Positioning – FeaturesEffective “Non-Chemical” Option for Disease Control ProgramsBroad Spectrum Disease Control – Fungal and Bacterial PathogensTank mix and Rotation with Protectants / Systemics in ProgramsMRL Management / Sustainable / Organic Production Tool Resistance Management
Single Site Compounds – e.g., Strobilurin and Triazole FungicidesExempt From Tolerance / 0-Day PHI / No CODEX- Late Season, Pre-Harvest Option / No ResiduesIntegrated Pest ManagementNot toxic to Non-target Organisms -Honeybees, Lady Beetles, Lacewings, Parasitic Wasps, and EarthwormsSafe to Workers / Environment
Product Positioning – FeaturesEffective “Non-Chemical” Option for Disease Control ProgramsBroad Spectrum Disease Control – Fungal and Bacterial PathogensTank mix and Rotation with Protectants / Systemics in ProgramsMRL Management / Sustainable / Organic Production Tool Resistance Management
Single Site Compounds – e.g., Strobilurin and Triazole FungicidesExempt From Tolerance / 0-Day PHI / No CODEX- Late Season, Pre-Harvest Option / No ResiduesIntegrated Pest ManagementNot toxic to Non-target Organisms -Honeybees, Lady Beetles, Lacewings, Parasitic Wasps, and EarthwormsSafe to Workers / Environment
Bacillus subtilis, Strain QST 713