Seedling School of Law and GovernanceB.A, LL.B (Hons)

Detailed Syllabus for Semesters I to X

SEMESTER I

1. COMPUTER CONCEPTS

Objective: This course is designed to aim at imparting a basic level appreciation programme for the students of integrated BA LLB Course. After completing the course the student will be able to the use the computer for basic purposes of preparing documents, viewing information on internet (the web), sending mails, preparing presentations etc. This course is more practical oriented.

Duration: Theory: 16 hrs + Practical: 20 hrs

Syllabus Outline

Paper Theory Practical1. Introduction to computer 1 -2. Introduction to Windows 1 23. Elements of Word Processing 3 44. Spreadsheets 3 45. Computer communication and internet

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6. WWW and web browsers 2 47. E-mail 1 28. Making small presentation 3 4Grand Total 16 20§

Detailed Syllabus

Module 1: Introduction to Computer 1. What is computer?

(a) Characteristics of Computers (b) Basic Applications of Computer

2. Components of Computer System (a) Central Processing Unit(CPU) (b) VDU, Keyboard and Mouse (c) Other input/output Devices (d) Computer Memory (e) Concepts of Hardware and Software

3. Classifications of Computers 4. Concepts of Data Processing

(a) Definition of Information and data

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(b) Basic data types (c) Introduction to Data Storage Devices

Module 2: Introduction to Windows 1. What is an operating system and basics of Windows 2. The User Interface:

(a) Using Mouse and Moving Icons on the screen (b) The My Computer Icon (c) The Recycle Bin (d) Status Bar, Start and Menu & Menu-selection (e) Running an Application (f) Windows Explorer Viewing of File, Folders and Directories (g) Creating and Renaming of files and folders (h) Opening and closing of different Windows

3. Windows Setting (a) Control Panels (b) Wall paper and Screen Savers (c) Setting the date and Sound (d) Concept of menu Using Help

4. Advanced Windows (a) Using right Button of the Mouse (b) Creating Short cuts (c) Basics of Window Setup (d) Notepad (e) Window Accessories

Practical: Special stress will be on practicals. We will allow the student freely to gain computer experience of each command rather than explaining in a theory class.

Module 3: Elements of Word Processing 1. Word Processing Basics:

(a) An Introduction to Word Processing (b) Opening Word Processing Package (c) The Menu Bar (d) Using the Help (e) Using the Icons below menu bar

2. Opening Documents and Closing documents:(a) Opening Documents (b) Save and Save AS (c) Page Setup (d) Printing of Documents (e) Display/Hiding of Paragraph Marks and Inter Word Space

3. Moving Around in a Document(a) Scrolling the Document (b) Scrolling by line/paragraph (c) Fast Scrolling and Moving Pages

4. Using a Document/Help Wizard

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5. Text Creation and Manipulation:(a) Paragraph and Tab Setting (b) Text Selection (c) Cut, copy and paste (d) Font and Size selection (e) Bold ,Italic and Underline (f) Alignment of Text: Center, Left, right and Justify

6. Formatting the Text:(a) Changing font, Size and Color (b) Paragraph indenting (c) Bullets and Numbering (d) Use of Tab and Tab setting (e) Changing case

7. Table Manipulation:(a) Concept of table: Rows Columns and Cells (b) Draw Table (c) Changing cell Width and Height (d) Alignment of Text in Cell (e) Copying of cell (f) Delete/insertion of row and columns (g) Borders for Table

8. Printing: (a) Printing (b) Print Preview (c) Print a selected page

Module 4: Spread Sheet 1. Elements of Electronics Spread Sheet

(1) Application/usage of Electronic Spread Sheet (2) Opening of Spread Sheet (3) The menu bar (4) Creation of cells and addressing of cells (5) Cell inputting

2. Manipulation of cells(1) Enter texts numbers and dates (2) Creation of tables (3) Cell Height and Widths (4) Copying of cells

3. Providing Formulas (a) Using basic functions / formalism a cell (b) Sum function (c) Average (d) Percentage (e) Other basic functions

Module 5: Computer Communication and Internet: 1. Basic of Computer networks:

(a) LAN

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(b) WAN 2. Internet

(a) Concept of Internet (b) Applications of Internet

3. Service on Internet (a) WWW and web-sites (b) Electronic mails (c) Communication on Internet

Module 6: WWW and Web Browsers:1. Web Browsing Software

(a) Internet Explorer (b) Mozilla Firefox

2. Surfing the Internet:(a) Giving the URL address (b) Search (c) Moving Around in a web-site (d) Printing or saving portion of web pages (e) Down loading

3. Chatting on Internet Module 7: Email:

1. Basic of electronic mail:(a) What is an Electronic mail (b) Email addressing (c) Mailbox: Inbox and outbox

2. Using Emails : (a) Viewing an email (b) Sending an Email (c) Saving mails (d) Sending same mail to various users

3. Document handling : (a) Sending soft copy as attachment (b) Enclosures to email (c) Sending a Portion of document as email

Module 8: Making Small Presentations 1. Basics :

(a) Difference between presentation and document (b) Using Power Point (c) Opening a Power Point Presentation (d) Using Wizard for creating a presentation

2. Creation of Presentation : (a) Title (b) Text Creation (c) Fonts and Sizes (d) Bullets and indenting (e) Moving to Next Slide

3. Preparation of Slides:

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(a) Selection of type of Slides (b) Importing text from word documents (c) Moving to next Slide (d) The Slide manager

4. Providing aesthetics: (a) Slide Designs (b) Background and Text colors (c) Making your own slide format (d) Footnotes and slide numbering

5. Slide Manipulation and Slide Show :6. Presentation of the Slides :

(a) Using the Slide Show (b) Printing the Slides and Handouts (c) Slide sorter (d) Title sorter

References: 1. C.S. French "Data Processing and Information Technology", BPB Publications

1998 2. P.K Sinha `Computer Fundamentals`, BPB Publications, 1992 3. Guy Hart-Davis "The ABCs of Microsoft Office 97 Professional edition", BPB

Publications, 1998 4. Karl Schwartz, "Microsoft Windows 98 Training Guide", 1998

Assignments: Student may be asked to do practical assignments during lab hours with MSWord, MS Excel, and PowerPoint.

2. GENERAL ENGLISH

Module 1: Practical Grammar 1. Grammar - Use of modals – can- could, will-would, shall-should, may-might, need

to, needn’t , ought to , must & mustn’t in real life situations 2. Active - Passive Voice : Their Communicative Use in life 3. Reported Speech – Situational and Contextual use of Direct and Indirect Narration4. Sentence Structure 5. Participles and Gerunds 6. Prepositions , frequently used Idioms & Phrases

Module 2: Pronunciation and Stress 1. Sound system of English Language :Vowels and Consonants 2. Use of a dictionary for Pronunciation, Stress and Usage.

Module 3: Appreciation of a Literary Text A. Short Story - The Gifts O’ HenryB. Play - The WindowC. Essay - India Vision 2020 APJ Abdul Kalam

Module 4: Writing Techniques 1. Paragraph Writing

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2. Translation from English to Hindi and Vice Versa 3. Note taking Memos , Notices

Module 5: Various ways of Expressing feelings and notions 1. Greetings 2. Requests 3. Agreement and Disagreement (iv) Compliments 4. Regrets 5. Consolation and Comfort 6. Apologies 7. Warnings / Cautions / Notices8. Intentions / Plans 9. Offering Help/Assistance

3. LEGAL AND CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF INDIA

Module 1: Law and Judicial System in Ancient and Medieval India(a) Before the advent of Islam -(b) Under the various Muslim rules(c) Dual jurisdiction in areas of ‘company’ rule

Module 2: Administration of Justice in the British Presidencies:(a) Advent of East India Company(b) Administration of justice in Calcutta – 1619-1726(c) Administration of justice in Madras – 1639-1716(d) Administration of justice in Bombay – 1668-1726(e) The Mayor’s Court

Module 3: Adalat System:(a) Grant of Diwani(b) Judicial Plan of 1772 and its defects(c) New Plan of 1774(d) Reorganisation of Adalats in 1780(e) Reforms of 1781(f) The First Civil Court(g) Reforms in administration of criminal justice(h) Judiciary in ‘Indian’ states

Module 4: Regulating Act of 1773:(a) The Charter of 1774; Supreme Court of Calcutta(b) Some landmark Cases:-

i. Nandkumar caseii. Patna caseiii. Cossijura case

(c) Act of Settlement 1781 – Pros and cons(d) Three presidency Supreme Courts

Module 5: Judicial Reforms:(a) Lord Cornwallis(b) John Shore, Lord Wellesley, Lord Minto, Lord Hastings, Lord Bentick

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(c) Defects of the systemModule 6: Establishment of the High Courts:

(a) Indian High Courts Acts, 1861, 1911.(b) Government of India Acts, 1915, 1935(c) Jurisdiction of High Courts(d) Post-Constitutional Developments (M.V. Elizabeth case – AIR 1993 SC)

Module 7: Federal Court in India;(a) Foundation of the Federal court(b) Jurisdiction and Jurisprudence

Module 8: Privy Council Module 9: Impact of Supreme Court of India of 1950 on Indian Judicial System Module 10: Influence of English Law in India:

(a) Civil and revenue laws(b) Criminal law(c) ‘Common law of India’

Module 11: Social Movements and Legal Reforms:(a) Interface between social movements and legal developments(b) Some examples – Victoria Proclamation 1858, Minto-Morley

and Mont-Ford Reforms, Roulette Act, the Government of India Act 1937, Social movements re. widow remarriage, prohibition of child marriage, women and property, etc.

Module 12: History of Legal Profession in India:

References:1. Austin, Granville, The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation2. Commemorative volume on Allahabad High Court3. Jain, M. P., Outlines of Legal History4. Kulshreshtha, V. D., Landmarks in Indian legal History 5. Rama Jois, M., Legal and Constitutional History of India6. Shama Shastry, ed., Kautilya’s Arthasastra7. Setalvad, M. C., A Common Law of India

4. POLITICAL SCIENCE I (POLITICAL GOVERNANCE: THEORY AND ORGANISATION)

Module 1; Principles of Political Science:(a) Meaning of Political Science(b) Elements of State(c) Nature of State(d) Relation of State with the Society(e) State and Government(f) State and Associations of individuals and groups

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(g) State, religion and morality Module 2: Nation:

(a) Nation and Nationality(b) Basis of nationalism(c) Relationship of nationality with the State(d) Ethnicity, nationalism, self-determination and State(e) Concept of Welfare State

Module 3: Theories about Origin of State:(a) Divine Origin(b) Force Theory(c) Consent Theory (d) Evolutionary Theory

Module 4: Sovereignty:(a) Meaning and Definition(b) Kinds of sovereignty?(c) Characteristics of sovereignty(d) Austinian sovereignty(e) Sovereignty and globalisation

Module 5: Theories about State Authority:(a) Utilitarianism –Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill(b) Kautilya(c) Socialism – Marxism, guild socialism, Fabian socialism(d) Pluralism – McIver(e) Hegel and totalitarian state (f) Democracy and Locke’s theory of contractual origin of state

Module 6: Gandhian view of State and Society:(a) Background of Gandhianism(b) Jan Shakti and Raj Shakti(c) Non-violence, Satyagraha, Non-cooperation(d) Property and trusteeship(e) Man and the machine – technology and labour(f) Sarvodaya – Individual and society, moral, social and economic values,

Sarvodaya as a movement, Vinoba Bhave(g) Gandhianism versus Marxism(h) Democratic socialism, an offshoot of Gandhianism?

Module 7: Forms of Government: Classification:

1. Aristotelian Cycle2. Modern:

In terms of decentralisation of powers between the Central and provincial authorities: Unitary (Walter Bagehot) and Federal (K.C. Wheare) – Comparison among UK, USA, India, Canada and Australia

In terms of executive power: Parliamentary and Presidential – US and Westminster system

In terms of composition of legislatures: Unicameral and Bicameral

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In terms of elections: Universal franchise, direct and indirect, one-man-one-vote, single transferable vote, proportionate representation, reservations for SC and ST – independence of electoral system – term of elected bodies

In terms of separation of powers: Executive, Legislative and Judicial – Montesquieu, Sir Edward Coke – Marbury versus Madison (CJ Marshall of US Supreme Court)

Module 8: Devolution of Powers: Panchayati Raj – Power to PeopleModule 9: Political Parties:

(a) Definition of a political party: Sir Edmund Burke(b) Political pluralism –importance of party system in a polity(c) Bases and functions of political parties(d) Democratic opposition – advantages and disadvantages of political

parties – political parties and economic development(e) Uni-party, biparty, and multiparty systems(f) Political opinion and NGOs and other pressure groups(g) Politics of law making and law implementation

References:1. Bagehot, Walter, The English Constitution available online2. Barker, Ernest, Principles of Social and Political Theory3. Bhambri, C. P., The Indian State Fifty Years4. Kapoor, A. C., Principles of Political Science5. Laski, Harold J., A Grammar of Politics6. Montesquieu, Charles, The Spirit of Laws, available online7. Sabine, G. H., A History of Political Theory8. Wheare, K. C., Federal Government, 4th edn, 1970

5. SOCIOLOGY

PART I: SOCIETY, CULTURE, LAW AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN INDIAModule 1; Relevance of Sociology for Study of LawModule 2: Concepts of Tradition, Modernity, Westernisation, Sanskritisation and GlobalisationModule 3: Caste, Class and Tribe – The Concepts and the changing PatternsModule 4: Jajmani SystemModule 5: Family, Marriage and kinship: The Concepts and the Changing PatternsModule 6: Religion and Society

PART II: LAW AND SOCIAL CHANGE: NEW DIMENSIONSModule 7: General;

(a) Law and Caste(b) Law and Family

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(c) Law and Marriage(d) Law in Kinship

Module 8: Law as a Social Movement – Law in books versus Law in Action – Law-making, Law-ImplementationModule 9: The Sociology of the Legal Profession:

(a) Lawyers and Clients, Touts and Networking(b) Lawyers as a lobby, a ‘trade union’

Module 10 – Law as an Instrument of Social change 42nd, 73rd, and 74th Constitutional Amendments, Shah Bano, Bhopal, Mathura case and the Rape Law, Feminist MovementModule 11 – Law, New Technologies, and Social change IPR, Cyber Law, WTO and Globalisation, Environmental Law, Biotechnology and stem cell research and agriculture

References:1. Oommen and Gopalakrishnan, Sociology for law Students2. T. B. Bottomore, Sociology: Guide to Problems and Literature 3. Kumar, Social Problems and Welfare 4. Rajyalakshmi & Vikram Singh, Study of Indian Society5. Haralambos & Head, Sociology: Themes and Perspectives6. R. Desai, Social Background of Indian Nationalism7. B. M. Shukla, Law and Social Justice8. A.R. Desai, Rural Sociology of India9. A. R. Desai, Social Background of Indian Nationalism

6. LAW OF TORT (INCLUDING MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS & CONSUMER PROTECTION LAW)

PAPER I TORT LAW- GENERAL

Module 1: Introductory Aspects:(a) Common Law and Equity(b) Obligations in rem(c) Damnum sine injuria and injuria sine damnum(d) Tort distinguished from crime and breach of contract(e) Malfeasance, misfeasance, and non-feasance(f) Damages, liquidated and unliquidated(g) Changing scope of law of torts:

i. Expanding character of obligations in remii. Contorts

(h) Objects of Law of Torts:i. Prevention: Prescribing standards of human conductii. Redressal of wrongs – Reparationiii. Prohibition of unlawful conduct – e.g. injuctions

(i) Torts and Public Bodies – Ratlam Municipality case, and other cases – concept of mass torts (Upendra Baxi: Bhopal)

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Module 2: Principle of Liability in Torts:(a) Elements of Fault:

i. Wrongful intentii. Negligence

(b) Categories of Liability:i. Fault Liabilityii. Strict Liability – Ryland v. Fletcheriii. Absolute Liability: Liability without Fault – MC Mehta (Sriram

Fertilizers Oleum Gas) caseiv. Professional/Manufacturer’s Liability – Donague v. Stevensonv. Direct, indirect and vicarious liability

(c) Violation of ethical codes (d) Statutory Liability(e) Place of Motive in Torts

Module 3: Defences against Liability:(a) Volunti non fit injuria(b) Doctrine of Necessity: Private and Public(c) Plaintiff’s Fault – Contributory(d) Act of God – Vis Major(e) Inevitable accident(f) Right of private defence(g) Exercise of statutory authority(h) Judicial and quasi-judicial acts(i) Parental authority – best interests of the ward(j) Laches

Module 4: Negligence:(a) Basic Concepts:

i. Theories of Negligenceii. Standards of care, duty of care, carelessness, inadvertenceiii. Doctrine of contributory negligenceiv. Res ipsa loquitor, its special significance to attribution of strict/absolute

liability(b) Liability of professionals –medical negligence(c) Liability of common carriers(d) Product liability/Manufacturer’s liability

Module 5: Torts against Persons:(a) Assault, Battery, Mayhem(b) False Imprisonment(c) Defamation: Libel, Slander, law of privileged communications(d) Malicious Prosecution(e) Shortened expectation of life(f) Nervous Shock, mental torture

Module 6: Torts against Property:(a) Trespass to land, trespass ab initio, dispossession(b) Trespass to moveable property – trespass to goods, conversion

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Module 7: Nuisance:(a) Definition, elements constituting nuisance, categories(b) Acts of nuisance _ Obstruction of public ways, pollution of the air and water,

noise, interference with light and airModule 8: Industrial/Environmental Liability:

(a) Strict and Absolute Liability (b) Liability for harm caused by inherently dangerous industries(c) Ultrahazardous activities

Module 9: Vicarious Liability:(a) Basis, Scope and Justification:

i. Express Authorisationii. Ratificationiii. Abetment

(b) Special Relationships:i. Master and Servantii. Principal and Agentiii. Corporation and the Principal Officer

Module 10: Doctrine of Sovereign Immunity and its Relevance in India Impact of Judicial Intervention

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SEMESTER II

1. COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH

Module I: Communication (a) Objective of Communication (b) Modes of Communication (c) Barriers to Communication (d) Principles of CommunicationModule 2: Business Letters:

(a) Inquiries and Replies(b) Tenders, quotations and offers(c) Orders – placing, execution, cancellation, etc.(d) Complaints and their resolutions(e) Collection letters(f) Sale promotion letters(g) Circulars (h) Bank correspondence(i) Insurance correspondence(j) Export-Import correspondence(k) Agency correspondence

Module 3: Formal Letters(a) Letters to higher authority(b) Letters to municipal corporation/nagarpalika/local bodies(c) Letters to the Editor of a newspaper(d) Letters to public officers

Module 4: Letters of Application – applying for a job, for permit, etc.Module 5: Preparation of Curriculum VitaeModule 6: Syntax:

(a) Surface Structure/ Deep Structure(b) Tenses (c) Simple, compound and complex sentences(d) Model auxiliaries(e) Gerunds(f) Active and passive voices(g) Direct and indirect speech(h) Subject-verb agreement, sequence of tense, proximity to singular/plural(i) Use of modifiers(j) Proper use of adverbs(k) Punctuations and capitalization(l) Uses and misuses of apostrophes

Module 7: Phonetics:(a) IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet), an Introduction(b) Transcription from phonetic to non-phonetic and vice-versa(c) Phonemes

Module 8: Oral presentation:

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(a) Importance of oral presentation skills(b) Body language(c) Voice modulation(d) Audience awareness(e) Presentation Plan(f) Use of Connectives(g) Improvisation techniques(h) Humour/Style

Module 9: Professional Communication;(a) Group discussion(b) Conference(c) Court manners (Moot Courts)(d) Public Speaking: Formal and Informal(e) Debate(f) Viva-voce(g) Interview

Module 10: Précis Writing(a) Summarising(b) Highlighting of central ideas(c) Topic elaboration

Module 11: Creative Writing:(a) Module designed to test the creative expression of students. This is an

opportunity for students to practise the basic elements of creative writing such as researching, planning, organizing editing, proof-reading and presenting the several stages of development from the initial thoughts and ideas to the final finished product

(b) Use of a variety of simple, compound and complex sentences. Module 12: An Illustrative text book – Murder in the Cathedral

References:1. Garner, Modern legal Usage2. Dusunge, English Grammar and Vocabulary3. T. S. Eliot, Murder in the Cathedral

2. INDIAN HISTORY

Module 1: Sources of Ancient Indian History(a) Archeological evidence(b) Religious Scriptures(c) Other literary writings

Module 2: Ancient Indian Polity(a) Transition from nomadic life to agricultural life(b) Origins of Kingship –rise of the Mauryas(c) Duties of a king and checks on his powers – Kautilya(d) Organisation of Central Government – Chakravartin – Internal and external

aspects

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(e) Qualifications and role of ministers, ambassadorsModule 3: Ancient Indian Administrative Governance:

(a) Division of responsibilities(b) Grievance redressal mechanism(c) Village ‘republics’

Module 4: Ancient Indian Cultural Heritage: (a) Moral Values(b) Ritualism and Social Stratification(c) Emergence of Atheistic Movements: Buddhism and Jainism

Module 5: India’s early experiments with republicsModule 6: India’s Forays into South East AsiaModule 7: Advent of Foreign Races:

(a) Islam(b) Christianity

Module 8: State and Society in Medieval India:(a) Economic and Revenue system(b) Administrative governance (c) Legal and judicial system

Module 9: Impact of Wars on Indian History:(a) Alexander’s Invasion 327-326 BC(b) Kaliinga War 261 BC(c) Mahmood Ghazni’s invasion 1000=1027 AD(d) Battle of Terrian 1191-1190 AD(e) First Deccan Invasion 1294 AD(f) European invasions – 1498 to 1769 AD(g) Battles of Panipat – 1526, 1556,1762(h) Nadir Shah’s Invasion 1739

Module 10: India’s Struggle for Freedom: A history of India’s freedom movement since 1857

References; 1. Altekar, A. S. State and Government in Ancient India (Motilal Benarsidas, Delhi, 1966)2. Bipin Chandra, Nationalism and Colonialism in Modern India (Vikas, Delhi, 1979) 3. Nehru, Jawaharlal, Discovery of India4. Mahajan, V. D., Ancient India5. Majundar R. C. and others, An Advanced History of India

3. ECONOMICS: AN INTRODUCTION

Module 1: Scope and Significance of Economics for the Study of LawModule 2: Definition, Nature, General Significance of EconomicsModule 3: Basic concepts of economics:

(a) Demand, Supply, Price(b) Consumption and Production (c) Transport and Markets

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Module 4: Micro-Economics for Lawyers:(a) Some concepts about economy:

i. Wealth and incomeii. Money supplyiii. Inflation, deflation, dIsinflation, Stagflation, Reflation, depression and

business cycles.(b) The effects of the above phenomena on economy

Module 5: Law of Diminishing Marginal UtilityModule 6: Demand for goods and services:

(a) Meaning(b) Types of demand(c) Law of demand (d) Factor affecting demand(e) Elasticity of Demand

Module 7: Supply of goods and services;(a) Meaning (b) Factors affecting supply(c) Law of supply(d) Monopolies and oligopolies

Module 8: Labour:(a) Labour as a factor of production(b) Concept of wages(c) Types(d) Functions of Wage Boards(e) Labour relations and industrial disputes – Machinery for prevention and

resolution of disputes(f) Effect of labour disputes on employers, employees and society

Module 9: Economic Legislation;(a) Meaning, nature and scope(b) Types:

i. Financial legislationii. Investment legislationiii. Competition

(c) Globalisation and economic law-makingModule 10: Economic Analysis of Law

(a) Introduction to legal reasoning – why law and how would it regulate economic activities?

(b) Efficiency, markets, market failuresModule 11: Economic Growth v. Economic Development

(a) Meaning of the concepts(b) Developed, Developing and Least Developed Economies

Module 12: Outlines of Indian Economy:(a) Nature, Structure(b) Institutional framework(c) Basic features(d) Economic Planning

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(e) Industrial Policy 1991

References:1. Dutta, Rucha & Sundaram, K. P. M., Indian Economics 2. Ghingam, D. M., Money, Banking and International Theory of Public Finance3. Gopalakrishnan, K. C., Legal Economics4. Mithhani, D. M., Money Theory and Banking5. Myneim, S. R., Principles of Economics for Law Students 6. Sethey, T. T., Money, Banking and International Trade

4. POLITICAL SCIENCE II (PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL GOVERNANCE)

Module 1: Political Theory and Analysis:(a) Meaning of Political Science(b) Characteristics of Political Theory(c) Meaning of Political Analysis(d) Traditional and Modern Political Analysis

Module 2: Approaches to the Study of Politics:A. Traditional Approaches:

(a) Philosophical(b) Historical(c) Legal(d) Institutional

B. Modern Approaches:(a) Behavioural (b) Marxist

Module 3: Law:(a) Meaning(b) Sources(c) Categories(d) Relationship between law and liberty(e) Relationship between law and morality

Module 4: Rights:(a) Meaning(b) Theories of Rights:

i. Natural Law Theoryii. Legal Theoryiii. Idealistic Theoryiv. Historical Theoryv. Social Welfare Theory

Module 5: Liberty:(a) Meaning (b) Nature(c) Categories

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Module 6: Equality:(a) Meaning(b) Nature(c) Categories(d) Relationship between equality and liberty

Module 7: Property:(a) Meaning (b) Nature(c) Forms(d) Property: Relationship between individual and Community

Module 8: Justice:(a) Meaning(b) Nature(c) Theories of Justice:

i. Natural Law Theoryii. Legal Theoryiii. Sociological Theories, including Marxist Theory

(d) Justice, Social, Economic, PoliticalModule 9: Political Obligations:

(a) Meaning(b) Nature(c) Theories(d) Divine origin Theory(e) Consent Theory(f) Prescriptive Theory(g) Gandhian Theory(h) Marxist Theory

Module 10: Authority:(a) Meaning(b) Characteristics(c) Max Weber on Authority(d) Laski on Authority

Module 11: Power and Influence(a) Meaning(b) Relationship between Power and Authority

Module 12: Legitimacy:(a) Meaning(b) Sources

Module 13: Democracy:(a) Meaning(b) Development of the concept of democracy(c) Democracy and self-determination(d) Theories of democracy:

i. Classical (Liberal) Theoryii. Elitist Theory

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iii. Pluralist Theory

References: 1. Johari, J. C., Contemporary Political Theory2. Sharma, Modern Political Analysis3. Barker, Ernest, Principles of Social and Political Theory4. Bhambri, C. P., The Indian State Fifty Years5. Kapoor, A. C., Principles of Political Science6. Laski, Harold J., A Grammar of Politics7. Sabine, G. H., A History of Political Theory

5. LAW OF CRIMES (PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINAL LAW)

Module 1: Introduction;(a) Concept of Crime in society(b) Pre-colonial norms of crime and punishment in Hindu, Muslim and Tribal

law(c) Lord Macaulay and Europeanisation of criminal law(d) Distinction between crime and other offences(e) Statute law and crimes (f) Application of Indian Penal Code:

i. Territorialii. Personaliii. Salient features of IPC – Definitions, Exceptions, Crimes against

State, Offences against community, Offences against legal process, Offences against Person, Offences against property

Module 2: Elements of Criminal Liability:(a) Mens rea(b) General Exclusions of criminal liability(c) Act of crime in furtherance of mens rea – is it a case of res ipsa loquitor?(d) Recent trends in criminal liability without proof of mens rea.

Module 3: Stages of commission of Crime:(a) Guilty intention (b) Preparation(c) Attempt(d) Commission

Module 4: Group Liability:(a) Common intention(b) Abetment, before or after(c) Planning, aiding, and conspiracy(d) Unlawful assembly(e) Criminal conspiracy(f) Rioting as a specific offence(g) Criminal Misrepresentation and Criminal Breach of Trust

Module 5: International Crimes:

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(a) Emergence after the Second World War along with Human Rights(b) Concept of International crime – Nuremberg principles 1946.(c) Concept in the Statute of the International Criminal Court

References:1. Achuthan Pillai, P. S., Criminal Law (Eastern Book Co, Lucknow)2. Gaur, K. D., Criminal Law: Cases and Materials (Butterworths, India)3. Gaur, K. D., A Text Book on Indian Penal Code (Universal, Delhi)4. Hidaytullah, M., Ratanlal & Dhirajlal’s Indian Penal Code (Wadhwa, Nagpur)

6. LAW OF TORT ( INCLUDING MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS & CONSUMER PROTECTION LAW)

PAPER II – PROCEDURAL ASPECTS OF TORT LAW, M.V. ACCIDENTS LAW & CONSUMER PROTECTION LAW

Module 1: Extinguishment of Liability;(a) Actio personalis moritur cum persona -- Exceptions(b) Waiver and Acquiescence(c) Release(d) Accord and satisfaction(e) Law of Limitation

Module 2: Legal Standing to sue and be sued:(a) Who may sue?

i. Aggrieved individual or next of kin or next friendii. Class action (Bhopal)iii. Public Interest Litigation

(b) Statutes granting certain persons or groups jus standi (c) Who may be sued? – Attribution of liability

Module 13: Legal Remedies:(a) Damage/Injury: Remoteness – foreseeability and directness(b) Reparation: Restitution (status quo ante), compensation, satisfaction(c) Quantum of Damages – Simple, special, punitive(d) Prohibition of a tort – Injunction, temporary/permanent(e) Extra-legal remedies: Self-help, re-entry on land, re-capture of land/goods,

distress damage feasant, abatement of nuisance Module 13: Tort in Statutory Law

(a) Motor Vehicles Accidents Law(b) Industrial Accidents Law(c) Other situations

PART II: CONSUMER PROTECTION LAWModule 14: Consumer and Consumer Rights:

(a) Consumer rights as human rights – International Consumer Rights Day(b) Who is a consumer?(c) Should the services of the government/statutory bodies be included?

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(d) Definition in and Scope of Consumer Protection Act 1986Module 15: Consumer of Goods:

(a) Meaning of ‘defects in goods.”(b) Standards of Purity, Quality, Quantity and Fitness (Potency):

i. Statutes: Food products, drugs, engineering and electrical goodsii. Common law – court rulings

Module 16: Consumer of Services:(a) “Deficiency in service” – meaning(b) Deficiency and error of judgment(c) Professional services: Medical and Lawyering Services:

i. How to determine deficiency?ii. Violation of statuteiii. Breach of privileged communicationiv. Denial of service – ‘deficiency’ or violation of human rights? v. Professional misconduct

(d) Public Utilities:i. Supply of electricityii. Telecommunication and Postal servicesiii. Housingiv. Bankingv. Postal/Communications

(e) Commercial Services:i. Hiring of vehicle/equipmentii. Financingiii. Agency Services

Module 16: Enforcement of Consumer Rights:(a) CPA provisions on jurisdiction, powers and functions of National and other

Consumer Protection Forums(b) Execution of Orders of consumer courts(c) Judicial review(d) PIL and Class Action(e) Jurisprudence of National and State forums(f) Administrative Remedies

References:1. Gandhi, B. M., Law of Torts (Eastern Book Company. Lucknow)2. Ramaswami, Law of Torts3. Ratanlal and Dhirajlal, The Law of Torts (Universal, Delhi, 1997)4. Wilfield on Torts5. Agarwal, V. K., Bharat's Consumer Protection Law & Practice, Bharat Book Centre,

20086. Eradi, Justice V. Balakrishna, Consumer Protection Jurisprudence, LexisNexis, 2005

21

SEMESTER III

1. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF INDIA – ICOURSE OUTLINE

Module 1: Introduction1. Constitution, Constitutional law, Constitutionalism2. Constitution as fundamental law3. Making of Indian Constitution4. A brief overview of the formation of Constituent Assembly 5. Glimpses of:

The Indian Independence Act 1947 The Government of India Act 1935 The Government of India Act 1919

6. Salient Features of Constitution of India7. Nature of Indian Constitution

Module 2: Preamble, Definition of State -Article 12, Definition of Law - Article 13Module 3: Right to Equality -Articles 14 to 18 Module 4: Right to Freedom-I

Six Fundamental freedoms -Article 19 Right to life and personal liberty -Article 21

Module 5: Right to Freedom-II1. Protection in respect of conviction for offences -Article 20

- Ex-Post facto law -Article 20(1)- Protection Against Double Jeopardy -Article 20(2)- Protection Against Self Incrimination -Article 20(3)

2. Protection against Arrest and Detention -Article 22Module 6: Rights against Exploitation -Articles 23 to 24

Prohibition of Traffic in Human Beings and Forced Labour

Abolition of Child Labour

Module 7: Right to Freedom of Religion -Articles 25 to 28Module 8: Cultural & Educational Rights -Article 29&30Module 9: Right to Constitutional Remedies -Article 32 Module 10: Directive Principles of State Policy- Article 36-51Module 11: Fundamental Duties Article 51 A BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Constituent Assembly Debates2. B.Shiva Rao: The Framing of India’s Constitution; 5Vols3. Jain, M.P: Indian Constitutional Law4. Shukla, V.N: Constitution of India

22

5. Basu, D.D. : Shorter Constitution of India6. Pandey, J.N: Constitution of India7. Austin, Granville: The Indian Constitution: Corner Stone of a Nation8. Jennings, Ivor: Some Characteristics of the Indian Constitution

2. LAW OF CRIMES – II (CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)

Module i: Basics of Criminal procedure1. Object , importance & applicability of the Code 2. Territorial divisions3. Classification of offences 4. Functionaries under the Code.

Module 2: Local jurisdiction of the Courts & the Police and Bail procedure1. Powers of Magistrate2. High Court & State 3. Consequences for not following the rules regarding local jurisdiction 4. Bail procedure.

Module 3 : Information about Crime F.I.R. and Complaint

Module 4 : Investigation Stage 1. Interrogation of Witnesses and collection of evidence 2. Arrest, Search and Seizure 3. Remand Proceedings 4. Filing of ChargesheetModule 5 : Procedural Safeguards 1. Right to Legal Aid 2. Right to Bail 3. Right Against Double JeopardyModule 6 :Trial Stage Procedures 1. Court taking cognizance and committal proceedings 2. Framing of Charges 3. Sessions trial: Trial of Warrant Case,Trial of Summons Case, Summary Trial.Module 7 :Sentencing Stage 1. Right to Pre-sentence hearing- (S. 235(2) and 248(2) 2. Probation Sentence 3. Death SentenceModule 8: Plea Bargaining ( SS 265(a) to (k) Cr. P.C.)Module 9: Preventive Action

1. Prevention of offences2. Public nuisance

Module 10: Criminal Procedure and Family Law 1. Maintenance of Wife2. Children & parents.

Module 11: Incidental Matters

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1. Victimology: Victim & ‘Victim compensation scheme’2. Probation of offenders 3. Juvenile justice.

Module 12: Administration of Justice in Prisons1. Rights of the Prisoner2. Undertrials in Prison3. Prisons Act 1894 & Jail Manual4. Judicial supervision5. Role of Human Rights Commissions

Recmmended Readings :1. K.N.C.Pillai (Ed.) R.V.Kelkar’s outline of Criminal Procedure ,Eastern Book

Company,Lucknow2. R.V.Kelkar’s Lectures on Criminal Procedure by K.N.C.Pillai , Eastern Book

Company,Lucknow3. Ahmed Siddique’s Criminology(2004) , Eastern Book Company,Lucknow4. Malimath Committee report on Criminal justice reforms5. National expert committee on Women prisoners6. Reports of the National Police Commission7. 14th , 40th & 48th Law Commission of India reports

3. INDIAN ECONOMY

Module 1: India and its resources: an IntroductionModule 2: Indian Economy at Independence

1. Nature of British colonial rule2. State of Agriculture: Bengal Famine3. State of industry4. Infrastructure: Transport sector5. Foreign trade

Module 3: Planning India’s Economic Development1. The Planning Commission2. The first two five year plans3. Socialist pattern of society and Economic Policy of 19564. Mixed economy – features of industrial development5. Economic planning: a stock taking

(a) Agriculture(b) Industry(c) Infrastructure – Roads, transport, electricity, irrigation(d) Education and health

Module 4: Liberalisation and globalisation in India:1. Telecom sector – late 1980’s2. 19913. Negotiating GATT-WTO4. Changes in Indian economy:

(a) Industrial deregulation

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(b) Securities – SEBI(c) Foreign investment(d) Liberalisation in Banking and insurance sectors

5. Impact of globalisation and liberation.

References:1. Ahluwalia, Montek S.,“India's Economic Reforms”,

http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/speech/spemsa/msa012.doc2. Das, Gurcharan. India Unbound: The Social and Economic Revolution from

Independence to the Global Information Age, Anchor Books, 2002.3. Datt, Ruddar & Sundharam, K.P.M. Indian Economy, first published 1965. S.Chand,

New Delhi, 51st Revised ed.,2005. ISBN 81-219-0298-3. 4. Jalan, Bimal, ed., Indian Economy, Penguin, New Delhi, 2008.5. Kapila, Uma, Indian Economy since independence, Independent Pub. Group, New Delhi,

20096. Planning Commission of India, Report of the Committee on India Vision 2020, Chairman

Dr. S. P. Gupta, New Delhi, December 20027. Sankaran, S , Indian Economy: Problems, Policies and Development, Margham

Publications, New Delhi, 7th ed., 1994. 8. Virmani, Arvind, Poverty and Hunger: What is needed to eliminate them, Planning

Commission of India Working Paper, New Delhi, February 2006.

4. WORLD HISTORY SINCE 1919

Module 1: World of 19191. The world at the end of the World War I 2. The Bolshevik Revolution and its aftermath 3. The Treaty of Versailles : implications for Europe: “An armistice for twenty

years”4. re-drawing the European boundaries

Module 2: The League of Nations: a new ‘actor’ in international politics ?Module 3: Politics of security in Europe – from Locarno treaties to Pact of Paris 1928Module 4: The Great Depression (1929-1933)Module 5: Rise of totalitarianism – Hitler, MussoliniModule 6: The Second World WarModule 7: World at the end of World War II

1. Rise of bipolar politics: the “Rise of Iron Curtain” 2. The United Nations 3. Rise of nationalism and decolonisation4. Rise of Human Rights5. Challenge of Nuclear Weapons6. Technological revolution7. International Financial and Economic Institutions

Module 8: The Cold War: Challenges and Responses1. The Military Alliances – Nato v. Warsaw Pact2. A liberal Europe to halt the Soviet expansionism

25

3. Non-aligned Movement – demand for democratisation of international relations and international distributive justice

4. Challenges of Disarmament5. National liberation Movements

Module 9: The crash of the eighties 1. Gorbachov – Glasnost and Peristoika2. End of Cold War 3. The world after the Cold War: “The New World Order” of a single super power

Module 10: The troubled nineties: 1. Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait: Oil, diplomacy, and war2. Humanitarian Tragedies:

(a)Yugoslavian crises(i) Bosnia-Herzegovina(ii) Kosovo

(b) African Crises(i) Somalia(ii) Rwanda(iii) Liberia-Sierra Leon(iv)Democratic Republic of Congo(v) Sudan

Module 11: The dawn of the twenty-first century1. The Millennium Declaration2. 9/11 and the aftermath

(a) International Terrorism and attack on America(b) US-UK Invasion of Afghanistan (2001)(c) US invasion of Iraq (2002)(d) Terrorism and WMDs on the international agenda

Module 12: Economic Globalisation : from the Bretton Woods Institutions to OECD to G7/8 and WTOModule 13: India in the twenty-first century Recommended Readings

1. Langsam, The World since 1919 2. Gathorne Hardy, A Short History of International Affairs 3. Palmer and Perkins, International Relations4. Atul Chandra Roy, International Relations Since 1919 5. Madan Gopal Gupta, International Relations Since 1919 (1919 - 1945)

(Paperback - 1998)6. D.C.Gupta, International Relations7. S.N.Dhar, International Relations & World Politics since 1919

5. JURISPRUDENCE I: LEGAL LANGUAGE, LEGAL METHODS & MOOT COURTS

PART I: LEGAL LANGUAGEModule 1: Introduction

26

Language of the Law: features: i. Common parlance: loose use of words ii. Law in literature – Shudraka (Mrichchakatikam: Vasantasena, Charudatta)),

Shakespeare (The Merchant of Venice),Franz Kafka (The Trial), Albert Camus (The Fall), Fyodor Dostoevsky (Crime and Punishment) and Charles Dickens (Bleak House, Oliver Twist: “Law is an ass”). – Sherlock Holmes, Perry Mason series.

iii. Concept of rights of obligations, precision in language - use of language by lawyers, judges and bureaucrats – “Telephones have no right to be heard,” “You have a right to be stupid, if you want to, but no right make me look stupid.”

PART II: LEGAL METHODS & MOOT COURTSModule 2: Legal Remedies: “I’ll see you in court.” - Law and remedial mechanisms – methods of dispute settlementModule 3: Sources of Law as sources of obligations: Articles 372, 13, & 366 of the Constitution of India

i. Constitution of Indiaii. Statute Lawiii. Customary Law – personal laws and common lawiv. Equity, justice and good conscience

Module 4: Sources of Law: Material evidence of law: Where to find the law (Indian law):

i. Constitution of Indiaii. Statute Law – Acts, Ordinances and Rulesiii. Customary Lawiv. Judicial Precedent (Article 141 of the Constitution)v. Writings by jurists

Module 5: Pyramidal structure of the Law in India:i. Fundamental Law: Constitutionii. Acts of Parliament, Legislatures not inconsistent with Constitutioniii. Subordinate Legislation nto inconsistent with Acts and the Constitution

a. Rules/Regulations – Ponsby Ruleb. Administrative Orders, Notifications

iv. Gazettal and presumptions as to lawModule 6: Sources of Law: Material evidence of international law: Where to find International law (Article 38(1) of the Statute of the International Court of Justice):

i. Treaties and Conventionsii. International customary lawiii. General principles of lawiv. Subsidiary sources for law finding: judicial decisions and writings of jurists

Module 7: Substantive and Procedural (Adjective) Law: Substantive and Procedural Obligations

i. Substantive Obligations: Categories of Legal Obligations: civil wrongs and Crimes

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ii. Breaches of Obligationsiii. Doctrine of Legal Remedies: Obligations – Breaches – damage/Injury –

Reparation (restitution, compensation, penalty, apology )iv. Claims vs. Defence – disputation at every stage.v. Classifications of civil wrongs;

a. Breach of contractb. Torts: breach of obligations not arising from contractc. Breach of Trust : maker of trust, trustee, beneficiary

vi. Crimes: types of crimes: Minor, major, national and internationalvii. Procedural: Forum for disputes settlement: Indian Judicial System:

a. Courts of Record: Supreme Court, High Courtsb. Courts with criminal jurisdictionc. Courts with civil jurisdictiond. Other courts and tribunals e. Judicial hierarchy;

1. between courts2. between single judge, division benches, full bench, bench with

greater number of judges viii. Procedural: Role of evidence in deciding cases

a. Indian Evidence Act. 1872b. Distinction between “evidence” and “proof”c. Relevancy of facts – Admissibility

1. Admissions2. Confessions3. Dying Declarations4. Expert Opinions

d. Proof1. Facts that need not be proved:

Judicial notice Facts admitted

2. Oral evidence3. Documentary evidence:

Public and private documents Evidentiary value of documentary evidence over oral

evidence4. Presumptions – rebuttable and irrebuttable5. Privileged communication: husband and wife, doctor and

patient, lawyer and cliente. Production and effect of evidence:

1. Burden of proof2. Estopel3. Witness testimony4. Affidavits

Module 8: Some Important Legal Concepts and Doctrines:i. Rule of Lawii. Principles of Natural Justice

28

iii. Constitutional Law:a. Ultra viresb. Severabilityc. Prospective Overrulingd. Pith and Substancee. Separation of Powers

iv. Procedural laws:a. Res judicatab. Estoppelc. Double jeopardy

Module 9: Study Tools:A. Indian Law:

i. India Code, compilations of lawsii. Law Reportsiii. Constituent Assembly Debates, Parliamentary or Legislative Assembly

Debates iv. Government Reports: Reports of Law Commission of Indiav. On-line materialsvi. Law Journalsvii. Writings and commentaries by juristsviii. Legal Bibliographies

B. International Law:i. Texts of Treaties, Resolutions of international organisationsii. Preparatory works of a treaty, travaux preparatoiresiii. Records of accession of states to treatyiv. Debates in the relevant organ/committee of the international

organisationv. Reports of the International Law Commission, UN Commission of

International Trade Lawvi. Online sources of international organisationsvii. ICJ Reports, including on-lineviii. International Law Reportsix. WTO Dispute Settlement Body Reports on-linex. Writings of State Practicexi. Writings by jurists xii. Harvard Bibliography on International Law and Organisation

Module 10: How to study Case Law:i. Doctrine of judicial precedent: Scope and limitsii. Case method as a method to study Lawiii. Analysing a reported judgment:

a. Editorial notes: catchwords and editorial notesb. The facts of the casec. How the case came to the deciding Courtd. Issues: Issues of fact, Issues of facts and law, and Issues of law e. Rulings on issues of lawf. Dispositif

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g. Ratio decidendi and obiter dictah. Dissent and divergence of judicial views

iv. Law reports: Index of Cases (names of parties), Subject Index, Reports of cases, Unreported cases. Case law citation:

v. How to use a judicial precedent: a. Similarity of the factual situationb. Even if no similarity of facts, Implications of the previous ruling to the

present casevi. How to contest the use of a precedent:

a. Distinguish the facts, distinguish the rulingb. Legislation annulling the effect of a judgmentc. Non-binding character of the judgment of a court of coordinate

jurisdiction.d. Frontally attacking the wisdom behind the judgment and asking the

court to review it.Module 10: Verbiage of various laws – nature of obligations under these laws:

i. Constitution of India – Fundamental Rights, Parliamentary democracy, Separation of Powers, Federalism

ii. Laws of Contract-Sale of Goods-Partnership-Specific Reliefiii. Law of Crimesiv. Tortsv. Personal Lawsvi. Property Lawsvii. Company Lawviii. Procedural Laws – Civil, Criminalix. Law of Claims, Process of Claims and defence: Pleadings and Written

Statements Model 11: Legal Maxims:Model 12: Principles of Legal Drafting: - Clarity, Model 13: Analysing Moot Problems:

i. Mastery over factsii. Selection of material facts, interpreting them against the general factual

backgroundiii. Identifying breaches of obligations or abuse of rights (and defences), and their

imputability to the opposite party, or defending such imputation.iv. Identifying burden of proof, and using the given facts to one’s advantagev. Finding appropriate lawvi. Examining whether international law/comparative law principles/materials

would apply

References:1. Williams, Glanville, Learning the Law, 11th edn, Indian Economy reprint, Universal Law

Pub, Delhi, 2007, 2. Sarathi, Vepa P., & Varaxmi, P., An Introduction to Legal Language and Legal Writing,

Gogia Book Co, 20053. Cardozo, Benjamin, The Nature of Judicial Process

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4. Lakshminath, A., Precedent in Indian Law, EBCo., Lucknow, 2005

6. INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY

Module 1:Foreign Policy – the concept, determinantsModule 2:World at India’s Independence

1. Background of freedom struggle for a view of the worldModule 3:Evolution of Independent India’s Foreign Policy

1. Determinants: expansive territory and territorial boundaries, population, culture, historical ties, economy and international trade, military might

2. Immediate problems at the dawn of independence: Partition, Kashmir, national integration.

3. Economic rebuilding4. Relations with the former colonial master: India’s contribution of the new concept

of Commonwealth: a transition from the Imperial Conferences Module 4:Non-alignment as a response to cold war

1. Evolution of nonalignment policy – 1949 Asian Relations Conference, New Delhi, the Panch Sheel Doctrine 1954, 1955 Bandung Conference, NAM summit 1961.

2. Principles: sovereign equality, non-intervention, prohibition of force, anti-colonialism, anti-neocolonialism, non-alignment with military alliances, prohibition of nuclear tests, economic cooperation.

3. Fissures in NAM Movement: 1962 Chinese invasion, China into the nuclear club 1964

4. NAM and Group of 775. NAM today, after the dissipation of the Cold War

Module 5: India’s relations with great Powers1. United Kingdom2. USA3. France4. Soviet Union5. China

Module 6: India’s relations with its Neighbours1. Pakistan2. Bangladesh3. Sri Lanka4. Burma5. Nepal6. Bhutan7. Other South Asian Neigbours – Afghanistan, Iran8. SAARC

Module 7: India and Southeast AsiaModule 8: India and JapanModule 9: India and the United Nations

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1. Decolonisation2. Disarmament3. International development4. International Terrorism 5. UN Peacekeeping

Module 10: India’s foreign policy since the End of the Cold War1. Rethinking on the Nehruvian foreign policy2. India as Nuclear weapon state3. Issues of India’s national security

Module 11: India’s International Disputes1. With Pakistan: Kashmir, assistance to terrorism, boundaries, use of river waters2. China: boundaries, assistance to terrorism3. Bangladesh, river water disputes, assistance to terrorism, security of boundaries

and illegal immigrants, maritime dispute4. Sri Lanka: treatment of people of Indian origin, terrorism5. Nepal: Instability of relations, renegotiation of treaties, Nepal as a conduit in

terrorist movements6. Burma: denial of democracy, terrorist haven and nexus with terrorism in the

North east

Recommended Readings:1. Lalit Mansingh and others, Indian Foreign policy: Agenda for the 21st Century, Foreign

Service Institute, published by Konark Konark Publishers, New Delhi, 1998, 2 vols.2. Shiv Shankar Menon, “India’s Foreign Policy”, Speech at Delhi University,

16/01/2009.3. Gregory Clark, “Chapter 5 - The Sino/Indian Dispute”, in In Fear Of China,

Lansdowne Press, London, 1967 available at http://gregoryclark.net/China/4. Sino-Indian Border agreement, 1993. http://www.stimson.org/southasia/?

sn=sa200201142875. M.S. Rajan, India and International Affairs : A Collection of Essays, 1999, 407 p., 6. V.T. Patil and Nalini Kant Jha. Eds., India in a Turbulent World : Perspectives on

Foreign and Security Policies, South Asian, New Delhi, 2003,. ISBN 81-7003-265-2. 7. K. Raman Pillai, ed., .Indian Foreign Policy in the 1990s, 19978. Dhiraj Srivastava. India's Foreign Policy, Jaipur, ABD Pub., 20079. Surya Narain Yadav and Indu Baghel. India's Foreign Policy : Opportunities and

Obstacles in the Post-Cold War Era, Global Vision, New Delhi, 2009

32

SEMESTER IV

1. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW-II

Module 1: Introduction1. Forms of Government-Presidential and Parliamentary2. Cabinet Government

Module 2: Executive1. President/ Governor

(i) Election of President(ii) Disputes concerning President Election(iii) When to hold Presidential Election(iv)Impeachment of the President(v) Appointment and role of Governor(vi)Presidential Privileges

2. Functions and Powers(i) Executive Functions(ii) Legislative Functions

(a) Participation(b) Rule Making(c) Declaration of Emergency(d) Ordinance-Making Power

(iii) Judicial FunctionsPardoning Power

3. Council of Ministers(i) “Aid and Advise”(ii) The doctrine of “pleasure” (iii) Accountability

4. Working of the Executive(i) President/Governor — A titular head(ii) Prime Minister/Chief Minister – “First among equals?”(iii) Cabinet(iv) Collective Responsibility

Module 3: Parliament1. Constitution of Parliament2. Composition of Rajya Sabha & Loksabha3. Parliamentary Membership-Qualifications & Disqualifications4. Drafting of legislation: Categories of Bills 5. Anti-Defection Law6. Dissolution of Lok Sabha7. Parliamentary Privileges8. Suprememacy of the Indian Parliament

33

9. Delegation of Legislative PowerModule 4: Judiciary

1. Appointment of Judges2. Removal of Judges3. Jurisdiction & Powers

(a) Court of Record(b) Original Jurisdiction(c) Extraordinary Original Jurisdiction(d) Appellate Jurisdiction(e) Writ Jurisdiction(f) Appeal by Special Leave: Article 136(g) Advisory Jurisdiction(h) Power to do complete justice : Article 142(1)(i) Power to review

4. Doctrine of Stare DecisisModule 5: Legislative Relations

1. Distribution of Legislative Powers2. The Three Lists3. Principles of Interpretation of the Lists4. Repugnancy Between a Central and State Law5. Residuary Power (compare other federations)6. Parliament’s power to Legislate in the State Field7. Prevalence of Central Legislation over State Legislation

Module 6: Freedom of Trade & Commerce1. Article 19(1)(g)2. Scope & Content of Article 3013. Exceptions to Freedom of Trade & Commerce

Module 7: Services under the Union and the StatesModule 8: Devolution of Powers of Governance: The Panchayati Raj SystemModule 9: Election Commission

1. Constitution of Election Commission2. Power & Functions of the Election Commission3. Power of Parliament and State Legislature with regard to Election Law4. Election Disputes

Module 10: Emergency Provisions1. Proclamation of Emergency2. Failure of Constitutional Machinery in a State3. Financial Emergency

Module 11: Constitutional interpretation & AmendmentModule 12: Amendment of the Constitution

2. LAW OF CONTRACT I

Module 1: General Principles of Contract1. Offer, Acceptance and Promise: Definition, Communication and Revocation

34

2. Categories of offer:(a) Offer and Invitation to offer(b) General Offer and Standing Offer

Module 2: Essentials of Contract Module 3: Classification of Contracts:

1. Valid, Void and Voidable Contracts2. Unilateral and Bilateral Contracts 3. Contingent Contracts 4. Expressed and Implied Contracts5. Executed and Executory Contract2. Capacity to Contract: Law relating to Position of Minor, Lunatic, Idiot and Legally

Disabled etc. Module 4: Free Consent:

1. Meaning2. Importance3. Factors affecting Free Consent:

i. Coercionii. Undue influenceiii. Fraudiv. Misrepresentationv. Mistake

Module 5: Consideration and Object: Meaning and Nature Module 6: Unlawful AgreementModule 7: Limitations on Freedom of Contract:

1. Agreement without Consideration 2. Agreement in restraint of Marriage 3. Agreement in restraint of Trade 4. Agreement in restraint of Legal Proceeding etc 5. Wagering Agreement

Module 8: Contingent Contract 1. Definition2. Consequences of Happening and Non Happening of event

Module 9: Discharge of Contract: 1. Discharge by Performance2. Devolution of Joint Rights and Joint Liabilities3. Importance of Time and Place in Contract4. “Essential element” of contract

Module 10: Frustration of Contract Module 11: Contract which need not to be performed Module 12: Quasi Contract

1. Concept and Classification2. Theory of Unjust Enrichment: Impact of equity on Common Law

Module 13: Breach of Contract: 1. Remedies on breach of Contract2. Compensation and penalty3. Damages and Remoteness of Damages

35

3. LAW OF EVIDENCE

Module 1: Introduction(1) Why rules of evidence?(2) The main features of the Indian Evidence Act 1861.(3) Other acts which deal with evidence (special reference to CPC, CrPC).(4) Problems of applicability of Evidence Act in special circumstances:

(a) Administrative proceedings (disciplinary action - Disciplinary authorities in educational institutions)

(b) Administrative Tribunals(c) Industrial Tribunals(d) Commissions of Enquiry(e) Court-martial

Module 2: Concepts in Law of Evidence(1) Facts-relevant facts & facts in issue(2) Types of evidence:

(a) oral & documentary; (b) primary & secondary, (c) direct & indirect(circumstantial & hearsay),(d) corroborative & substantive

(3) Proof: Proved, disproved & not proved(4) Presumptions - may presume, shall presume; Conclusive proof.(5) Evidence and proof, distinction

Module 3: Relevancy of Facts(1) How to determine what facts are relevant – Contextual examination(2) The doctrine of res gestae(3) Evidence of common intention(4) Eelevancy of ‘otherwise’ irrelevant facts(5) Relevant facts for proof of custom ,facts concerning bodies & mental state(secs.14 &

15)Module 4: Admissions & Confessions

(1) General principles concerning admission; differences between admission & confession; admissible and inadmissible confessions

(2) The problems of inadmissibility of confessions caused by "any inducement, threat or promise” - Inadmissibility of confession made before a police officer Admissibility of custodial confessions (Section 26)

(3) Admissibility of "information" received from accused person in custody; with special reference to the problem of discovery based on "joint statement" (Section 27) – Value of “torture evidence”

(4) Confession by co-accused (Section 30) (5) The problems with a "retracted confession" (6) Dying Declarations units 4

36

(a) The justification for relevance on dying declarations (b) The judicial standards for appreciation of evidentiary value of dying declarations.

(7) Admissibility of Judgments in civil and criminal matters(8) Expert testimony – Who is a witness? “The Court is the expert of experts” - Opinion on

relationship, especially proof of marriage(9) Evidence as to character (10)Statements by Persons who cannot be called as Witnesses (11)Special problems concerning violation of women's rights in marriage in the law of

evidenceModule 5: Oral and Documentary Evidence

(1) General principles concerning oral evidence (Sections 59-60)(2) General principles concerning Documentary Evidence (Sections 67-90)(3) General Principles Regarding Exclusion of Oral by Documentary Evidence(4) Special problems: Affidavits, Re-hearing evidence(5) Estoppel : disallowance of evidence:

(a) Why estoppel? The rationale (Section 115) (b) Estoppel, res judicata and waiver and presumption(c) Issue estoppel(d) Tenancy estoppel (e) Estoppel by deed(f) Estoppel by conduct(g) Equitable and promissory estoppel

(6) Witnesses, Examination and Cross Examination(a) Competency to testify (b) Doctrine of Privileged communications:

(i) State privilege (Section 123)(ii) Professional privilege (Section 126, 127, 128)

(c) Testimony of Approver, decoy(7) General principles of examination and cross examination (Section 135-166)(8) Leading questions (Section 141-143) (9) Permissible questions in cross-examination (Section 146)(10) Compulsion to answer questions put to witness(11) Hostile witness (Section 154)(12) Impeaching of the standing or credit of witness (Section 155)

Module 6: Burden of Proof, Presumptions and Judicial Notice(1) The general conception of onus probandi (sec.101), (2) General and special exceptions to onus probandi(3) Prosecution’s burden of proof – Woolmington’s case (1935 House of Lords)(4) Facts that need not be proved:

(a) Irrebuttable presumptions (b) Presumption as to dowry death (Section 113-B)(c) The doctrine of judicial notice

References1. Batuk Lal, The Law of Evidence, Central Law Agency, Allahabad

37

2. Law Commission of India. 185th Report on Review of The Indian Evidence Act, 1872, March, 2003

3. Monir , CJ M.,Textbook on the Law of Evidence, Universal, Delhi 4. Murphy, Polein Evidence (5th Edn. Reprint 2000), Universal, Delhi.5. Osborn, Albert S., The Problem of Proof (First Indian Reprint 1998), Universal, Delhi.6. Rattan Lal, Dhiraj Lal, Law: Law of Evidence (1994), Wadhwa, Nagpur7. Sarathi, Vepa P., Law of Evidence, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow8. Sarkar and Manohar, Sarkar on Evidence (1999), Wadha & Co., Nagpur, Indian

Evidence Act, (Amendment up to date) 9. Singh, Avtar Principles of the Law of Evidence (1992), Central Law Agency, New

Delhi

4. INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND INVESTMENT

This Paper is designed to introduce the students to important aspects of international trade, balance of payments adjustment and capital flows. It also seeks to give a general idea about the evolving framework of international trade and finance and the problems of the developing countries in regard to it.

Part A: International Trade

Module 1: Theories of international trade 1. Why do countries trade; what determines the patterns of trade; what are the gains and

implications of trade?2. Theories of comparative advantage 3. Theories based on factor endowment 4. Other prominent theories

Module 2: A Historical Perspective:1. Patterns of trade in the 19th and early 20th centuries, and the emergence of the

international ‘division of labour’ by the mid 20th century2. International investment, MNCs and trade patterns3. Preferential trade agreements, their justification and implications4. Keynesian revolution

Module 3: Towards regulatory frameworks of International Trade1. Emergence of GATT 19482. UNCTAD Report 1964 (Raol Prebisch) 3. Arguments in favour of and against tariff barriers4. Quantitative restrictions Generalised System of Preferences and UNIDO5. Uruguay Round since 1986 and the WTO 19946. The framework of WTO7. Criticism of WTO by developing countries, and the Doha Round 8. The Indian experience in international trade

Part B: International Finance and Investment for Development

38

Module 4: Problems of international finance in historical perspective1. Problems of balance of payment, and exchange rate determination 2. Imperfections of financial market3. The historical context of Bretton Woods Institutions 1944

Module 5: The Bretton Woods Regime1. The Bretton Woods regime as an institutionalized response to inter-War economic

problems2. The IMF 19443. IBRD 1944

Module 5: The Post-Bretton Woods Arrangements1. Post-Bretton Woods arrangements, including the current role of the IMF and World

Bank, and the current structure of international financial markets2. Policy concerns for developing countries, especially India.

Moddule 6: The Turbulant Nineties and After1. Financial liberalization, especially capital account liberalization, and its effects2. Crises in financial markets - patterns, consequences and lessons3. Contemporary international financial and institutional scenario4. Possible strategies for developing countries in the current context5. UN Millennium Goals

Recommended Books:1. Mithani, D.M International Economics, : Himalaya Publishing House

ISBN: 817866514X2. Agrawal Raj , International Trade (Paperback - 2001) Excel Books N Delhi3. Ethier, W.J. (1995) Modern International Economics 3rd edition4. Salvatore, D. (2000) International Economics, John Wiley London, 7th edition.5. Banuri, T. and J.Schor (eds) (1990) Financial Liberalisation: No Panacea New

Delhi and London: Oxford University Press.6. Boyer, R. and D. Drache (eds.) (1996) States Against Markets: The Limits of

Globalisation London, Innis.7. Caves.R., R. Jones and J. Frankel (1999) World Trade and Payments Addison

Wesley, New York, 8th edition.8. de Vries, Margaret (1986) The History of the IMF Washington, D.C.9. Ghosh, J. and C.P. Chandrasekhar (eds) (2003) Work and Well-being in the Age

of Finance New Delhi, Tulika.10. Hoekman, B. and M. Kostecki (2001) The Political Economy of the World

Trading System: From GATT to the WTO OUP.11. Jomo, K.S and S. Nagaraj (ed) (2001) Globalisation versus Development

Palgrave.12. Srinivasan, T.N. (1998) The Multilateral Trading System and Developing

Countries New York.

5. INTRODUCTION TO MASS MEDIA AND JOURNALISM

Module 1: Introduction to Mass Communication

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1. Communication -Definition, Nature, Scope, Purpose - Process of Communication - Functions of Communication.

2. Kinds of Communication: Intra-personal, Interpersonal, Group, Mass Communication

3. Media for Mass Communication: Print media; Electronic media- T.V. Radio; On-line/Cyber; Media Traditional media.

Module 2: Press in India: A brief review 1. Evolution of Indian Press - with special reference to J.A.Hickey, Raja Ram Mohan

Roy, James Silk. Buckingham, M.K.Gandhi, S.Sadanand, and B.G.Horniman. Press since Independence

2. Indian language Press

Module 3: Fundamentals of Journalism:1. Journalism: Nature, Scope, Functions. 2. Definition of news. Art of news Writing Reporting, Editing and Photo Journalism,

Newspaper, Journalism Newspaper, Periodicals and Specialized Magazines. Investigative Journalism, Photo journalism, Development Journalism, Community Newspapers.

Module 4: News and news feature Agencies. Professional Media Organizations

Module 5: Media and the Law:1. Concept of Freedom of Press.

(a) Press as the Fourth Estate. (b) Comparative freedom for media in- USA, India and Non= aligned countries

2. Indian Constitution: Freedom of Speech and Expression: Article 19(1) (a) and Article 19{2).

3. Laws Relating to Press:(a) Press laws framed before Independence.(b) Press laws after Independence.

(i) defamation(ii) obscenity and censorship(iii) contempt of Court(iv) parliamentary and legislative privileges

4. Right to Information Act, 2005

Module 6: Self-Restraint versus Regulation1. Press Council of India2. Film Censorship Board of India3. All India Radio Guidelines4. Editor’s guild of India code 5. The Broadcasting Bill6. Role of Regulator for Broadcast Media.

Module 7: Glossary of Journalism and Communication.

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Module 8: Additional Reading1. Newspaper Economy Enquiry Committee Report.2. Reports of Press Commission of India.3. Chanda Committee Report.4. B.G. Verghese Committee Report.5. P.C. Joshi Committee Report.6. Mass Media India (Information and Broadcasting Ministry annual publication).7. India’s Newspaper Revolution Robin Jeffery

6. PSYCHOLOGY

Module 1: Introduction to psychology : (a) Concept and definition of psychology.(b) Nature and Scope. (c) Branches of psychology. (d) Application of psychology to society and social problems.

Module 2. Methods in Psychology :1. Characteristics of psychological studies,2. Observation.3. Survey method, 4. Clinical and case study method. 5. Experimental method. Application of the method.

Module 3. Quantitative Analysis :1. Measures of central tendency and dispersion. 2. Correlation. 3. Levels of measurement. 4. Reliability and validity. 5. Application in test construction.

Module 4. Physiological Psychology : 1. Structure of neuron, nerve impulses, synapse and neurotransmitters. 2. Central and peripheral nervous system-structure and neural control of behaviour.

Hemispheric specialisation. 3. Endocrine system and hormonal control of behaviour. 4. Application of hemispheric knowledge to diagnostic purposes.

Module 5. Development of human behaviour : Individual Differences :

1. Heredity and environment. 2. Life span development. 3. Role of early experience and mastering of developmental tasks. 4. Sensitive or critical periods of development in human life cycle and its application.

Module 6. Perception : 1. Preceptual processes. Perceptual organsiation. Perception of form, colour, depth and

time. Perceptual readiness and constancy. 2. Role of motivation, social and cultural factors in perception.

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3. Application of knowledge of perception to skill development (e.g. for certain jobs like that of driving, airline pilots etc.)

Module 7. Learning : 1. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning. 2. Modeling and observational learning. 3. Transfer of training. 4. Learning and motivation. 5. Application of the above to the improvement of academic performance in education.

Module 8. Memory :1. Physiological basis of memory. 2. Memory and forgetting. 3. Measurement of memory (Recall, Recognition, Relearning). 4. Short term and long term memory. 5. Theories of forgetting (Decay and Interference theories and Repressive forgetting). 6. Application of Mnemonic devices etc, to improving memory.

Module 9. Cognition and Language : 1. Concept of formation. 2. Nature and development of thinking. 3. Language and thought and acquisition of language. 4. Problem solving. Creative thinking and its applications.

Module 10. Intelligence and Aptitude : 1. Definition and concept.2. Theories and models of Intelligence. 3. Measurement of intelligence and aptitude. 4. Exceptional intelligence. 5. Mental retardation. 6. Concepts of multiple, emotional and artificial intelligence and their application.

Module 11. Motivation and Emotion : 1. Definition and concept of instinct, needs, drives and motives. 2. Theories of motivation and their application (drive reduction theory, Maslow's

motivational hierarchy). 3. Social motivation: Achievement, power, affiliation motives and influence of early

experiences. 4. Physiological basis of emotion. 5. Theories of emotion (James-Lange and Cannon-Brad theories, cognitive physiological

theory). Module 12. Personality :

1. Concepts and Definition of personality. 2. Study of personality (Trait, type and eclectic approaches) 3. Development of personality (Freud, Erikson, Biological and socio-cultural determinants). 4. Measurement of Personality (Projective tests, pencil-paper tests). 5. Application of personality profiles in fitting a person to a job.

Module 13. Adjustment and Stress : 1. Concept and definition. 2. Factors affecting adjustment (frustration and conflict). 3. Sources of stress and reactions to stress.

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4. Coping with stress. 5. Application of stress management techniques.

Module 14. Social Behaviour : 1. Socio-cultural factors and behaviour. 2. Development of attitudes, stereotypes and prejudice, 3. Measurement of Attitudes (Thurstone, Likert attitude scale and Bogardus Social Distance

scale). 4. Strategies for reducing prejudice and changing attitude. 5. Person perception, implicit personality theory and integrating impressions. 6. Application of person perception to impression management.

Module 15. Application of Psychology : 1. Health and mental health (yoga, meditation and relaxation therapies). 2. Education (Programmed learning,. self instructional learning and learning styles).

Community (self help through group cohesiveness and leadership). Industry (Assessment centre approach in selection, recruitment and training).

3. Environment (man-nature interaction, personal space concept, pollution reduction) 4. Information technology (Application to commercial, educational and health areas).

Module 16. Psychology in Law1. Social attitude towards Law 2. Psychology as a factor in Law enforcement 3. Witness testimony: examination, cross-examination, and evaluation.

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SEMESTER V

1. ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

Module-1: Introduction1. Meaning, Definition & Scope of Administrative Law2. Sources of Administrative Law3. Development of Administrative Law4. Relationship between Constitutional Law and Administrative Law5. Separation of powers6. Administrative Law & the rule of law7. Droit Administratif8. Distinction between judicial, quasi-judicial and Administrative functions

Module-2: Delegated Legislation1. Delegated Legislation – Definition & Form – What constitutes Delegated Legislation :2. Necessity of Delegated Legislation3. Reasons for the growth of Delegated Legislation4. Types of Delegated Legislation5. General Limitations upon Delegation of Powers – Principles:

a. Susidiarityb. delegatus non potest delegare

6. Limits on legislature’s power to delegate: a. Constitution b. principles of natural justice

7. Control of Delegated Administrative Powers:a. Constitutionalityb. Rule of law

Module-3: Principle of Natural Justice and Rule of Law1. Natural Justice & Legal Justice 2. Basic principles of natural law:

a. No man can be judge of his own cause (Dr. Bonham’s Case)b. Audi alteram partem (right to fair hearing) c. Right to a reasoned judgment

3. Exceptions to the rule of Natural Justice 4. Effects of non-compliance with principles of Natural Justice 5. Rule of Law – Dicey’s principles:

a. Supremacy of Law b. Equality before Law c. Constitution (British) is the result of the ordinary law

6. Modern interpretation of Rule of Law I: New Delhi Declaration of International Commission of Jurists, 1959:

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a. Individuals are possessed of certain fundamental rights and freedoms. b. Independence of judiciary c. Establishment of social, economic and cultural conditions necessary for human

dignity7. Modern Interpretation of Rule of Law II (UN Secretary General Report Doc. No.

S/2004/616 of 23 August 2004): As a principle of Governance:a. Principle of accountability to lawb. Equality before lawc. Independent adjudicatory mechanismd. Law to be consistent with Human Rightse. Supremacy of lawf. Fairness in application of lawg. Separation of powersh. Participation in decision-making processi. Certainty of lawj. Absence of arbitrarinessk. Legal transparency

8. Rule against Bias: Principle against arbitrariness: Wednesbury RuleModule-4: Adjudicatory Power under the Administrative law

1. Need for Administrative Adjudication2. Problems of administrative adjudication3. Modes of Administrative Decision making4. Administrative Tribunals 5. Commissions of inquiry into administrative actions

Module-5: Judicial Review of Administrative Discretion1. Judicial Review of Administrative Actions: Constitutional Framework 2. Doctrine of ultra vires3. Power to review own Decisions4. Grounds for review:

a. Failure to exercise discretion b. Excess of discretionary authorityc. Arbitrary exercise of discretion

5.Doctrine of proportionality6. Doctrine of Legitimate Expectations7. Distinction between review & appeal8. Various writs & their utilities and other remedies

Module-6: Administrative Discretion1. Meaning of Discretionary Power & its rationale2. Distinction between implied powers and discretionary powers3. Constitutional safeguards: extent of justiciability of discretionary powers 4. Scope of discretion 5. Grounds for challenging the exercise of Administrative Discretion6. Discretion Conferred by the Constitution7. Abuse of discretion – Study of case-law:

a. Non-application of mindb. Improper purpose

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c. Irrelevant considerations d. Fettering of discretion acting under dictation

8. Sovereign immunity in Administrative LawModule-7: State Liability

1. Concept – Law Commission of India 1st Report2. Suits against Government3. Vicarious Liability of the State4. Liability in Tort5. Liability in Contract – an 299 State Contract6. Privileges at immunities of the Administrator in suits

Module-8: Institutional controls on Administrative Action1. Institutional controls:

a. Public auditb. Commissions of Enquiryc. Ombudsman in India (Lokpal & Lokayuktha)d. Central Vigilance Commissione. Parliamentary Committeesf. The Right to Information Actg. The Media

2. Structure and functioning of bureaucracy: Civil Services in India – Transparency, Accountability and responsibility

3. Legal controls of Administrative deviance:a. Corruptionb. Mal-administration

Recommended Readings:1. C. K. Takwani, Lectures on Administrative Law, Eastern Bookd Co, Lucknow2. D. P. Mittal, Natural Justice Judicial Review & Administrative Law3. H W R Wade & C F Forsyth, Administrative Law, OUP, 2009.4. M P Jain, Cases & Materials On Indian Administrative Law, LexisNexis, New Delhi,

1st edn. 19945. Tushar Kanti Saha, Administrative Law, Kanishka, 2001

2. PRINCIPLES OF COMMERCE AND BUSINESS

ObjectivesThe broad objectives of the Paper are:

1. To prepare the learners for activities related to trade and commerce.2. To enable the learners to acquire knowledge, understanding and skill in business and

management.3. To create an interest in trade and auxiliaries and various kinds of services.4. To educate the learner about the role of business in the economy and its social obligation

to the community.Module-1: Introduction to Commerce and Business

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1. Nature and scope of Commerce and Business – difference between commerce and business

2. Forms of Business Organisation:3. Sole Proprietorship, Joint Hindu Family, Partnership, Joint Stock4. Company, Co-operative Society - characteristics.5. Suitability of different forms of Business organisation.

Module-2 : Trade and Service Activities1. Trade and auxiliaries to trade.2. Internal Trade: Meaning of Retail and Wholesale Trade, Services of wholesaler and

Retailer.: Characteristics of -a) Specialised Retailing Agencies:b) Departmental Stores, Multiple Shops,c) Mail Order Houses, Super Bazars -

3. External Trade: Procedure of Export and Import Trade, Main documents used in Foreign Trade.

4. Service Activities: Transport, Communication, Postal Services, Banking and Insurance.Module-3 : Management of Business

1. Introduction to Management:a) Definition of Managementb) Nature and scope of management, c) Concept of scientific management d) Principles of general management.

2. Planning: Meaning and process.3. Organising: Process of organising.4. Staffing: Recruitment and Selection of employees, their training and development,

appraisal and promotion.5. Directing: Meaning and importance of communication, motivation, leadership and

supervision.6. Co-ordination and Controlling: Meaning and process.

Module-4: Financing of Business1. Introduction to Business Financing.2. Sources of Short-Term Finance - Nature and characteristics.3. Sources of Long-Term Finance- Nature and characteristics.4. Role of Specialised Financial Institutions- Objectives and functions of IFCI, IDBI, ICICI,

UTI, SFCs and others, related to financing of business.Module-5 : Practical Banking

1. Nature and Scope of Banking. Types of Banks.2. Functions of Commercial/Mercantile Banks.3. Opening and operating of Deposit Accounts.4. Loans and Advances.5. Commercial Letters of Credit6. Hypothecation, brindging loan financing7. Other Banking Services.

Module-6 : Marketing1. Meaning, objectives, nature and scope of marketing.2. Marketing mix.

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3. Channels of distribution.4. Sales promotion.5. Advertising.6. Personal selling.

Module-7 : Introduction to Siting of Industries/Factory Set-Up1. Nature and characteristics of factories/mills/ manufacturing centres: Considerations on

siting of industries or business centres2. Health and welfare measures in factories.3. Safety measures in factories.4. Environmental measures – disposal/recyling of industrial wastes5. Working and service conditions in factories.

Module-8 : Agency Services1. Mercantile Agents : Kinds of agents and their functions, commission agents, factor and

broker, Del Credere agents Meaning, characteristics and importance of Agency Services2. Types of Agency Services. Business Agencies and Franchises, Insurance Agency, Saving

Agency, Advertising Agency, Financial Agency, Tours and Travel Agency, Property Agency, Couriers and Packing Agency.

3. Warehousing and storekeeping : Meaning, purpose, functions and kinds4. Transport: road, rail, sea, air – Multimodal transport – Responsibilities of carrier5. Relationship between principal and agent

Module 9: Introduction to E-Commerce and E-Business1. The cyberspace and business activity: special features2. Problem areas:

a) Safety of transactions and authentication of actions, b) Privity and security of transaction - hackingc) Offer, acceptance, advertisementd) Payment of consideration, price.e) E-Banking transactions

Module 10: Ethics in Commerce and Business1. Thinking conceptually about Politics: Liberty, Equality, Justice, Rights and Recognition,2. The Idea of a Good society. Concept of Business Ethics and Corporate Social

Responsibility.3. Domains of Politics and Ethics: Democracy and Welfare state, Market and Globalisation.4. Approaches to Moral Reasoning: Consequentialism, Deontologism, Teleological

reasoning.5. Politics and Ethics in Business: Corporate Code of Ethics.

a) Environmentb) Accountabilityc) Responsibilityd) Leadershipe) Diversity

6. Corporate Social Responsibility. Arguments For and Against; Strategic Planning and Corporate Social Responsibility; Corporate Philanthropy.

7. Cases of corruption, Corporate Scandals, Whistle Blowing, Insider Trading, Discrimination, Advertising, Consumer Rights etc.

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Recommended Readings:1. Mugali Sinha, A Textbook of Commerce,  R.Chand & C, New Delhi, O Paper Back 2002,

Rs.135.002. W. K. Sarwade Er Anuranjan Misra, A Textbook On E-commerce (Text & Cases)

(Hardcover) A. K. Publications, 2010, Rs. 8763. CIVIL PROCEDURE AND LAW OF LIMITATION

Module 1:IntroductionSome general concepts and definitions:

Suits – civil – sue and be sued Affidavits Orders – Permanent and interim - Injunctions Judgement and decree - decree-holder and judgement-debtor Plaint and written statement Reparation: Restitution and compensation/damages Execution, mesne profits

Module 2: Jurisdiction1. Meaning and kinds of Jurisdiction2. Hierarchy of courts 3. Scope and limits of Jurisdiction of a court: When should a Court not exercise its

jurisdiction: Bar of suits Res-subjudice Resjudicata; Suit against a foreign ruler – sovereign immunity Foreign judgement - enforceability

4. Requirements for a suit: Parties to suit: Who can sue and who should be sued - joinder, misjoinder or non

joinder of parties – Abatement of suit Cause of action – Claim, Counter-claim and set-off Place of suing How is a suit instituted? Framing of suit Representative suit Interpleader suit ADR(Alternative disputes resolution);summons.

Module 3: Pleadings1. What are pleadings? 2. Drafting of pleadings3. Rules of pleading - signing and verification. 4. Alternative pleadings 5. Construction of pleadings: Evidentiary value: admission, acquiescence, estoppel6. Return and rejection 7. Discovery, inspection and production of documents; interrogatories; Privileged documents;

affidavits.Module 4: Appearance, Examination And Trial

1. Appearance: ex parte procedure; summary procedure

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2. Attendance of witnesses 3. Trial, 4. Adjournments 5. interim orders 6. Commissions 7. Arrest or attachment before judgment 8. Appointment of receiver 9. Award of interests and costs.

Module 5: Execution1. Concept and principles 2. Power of Court for execution of decrees 3. Procedure for execution 4. Enforcement, arrest and detection 5. Attachment and sale 6. Delivery of property Stay of execution.

Module 6: Suits In Particular Cases1. Suits by or against government2. public nuisance 3. Suits in forma pauperis; 4. Mortgages

Module 7: Further Remedies among the hierarchy of courts1. Appeal2. Revison3. Review 4. Reference.

Module 8: Miscellaneous1. Transfer of cases 2. Restitution 3. Caveat 4. Inherent powers of courts.

Module 9: Law of Prescriptions and Limitation1. Concept and objects; Accrual and extinguishment of rights, and legal bar to enforce a

right. – Vigilantibus non dormientibus jura subvenient i.e., the law helps the vigilant and not the dormant) law does not help him who sleep over his rights

2. Prescription: Acquisition of rights by efflux of time – E.g.easements, adverse possession.3. Limitation on the right to sue: Extension and suspension of limitation; Sufficient cause

for not filing the proceedings in time; illness; mistaken view of law and mistaken legal advise; defective vakalat nama, etc.

Recommended Readings:1. Mulla, Code of Civil Procedure (1999), Universal, Delhi.2. C.K.Thacker, Code of Civil Procedure (2000), Universal, Delhi.3. M.R..Mallick(ed.), B.B.Mitra on Limitation Act (1998), Eastern, Lucknow4. Majumdar.P.K and Kataria.R.P., Commentary on the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908

(1998), Universal, Delhi.5. Saha.A.N., The Code of Civil Procedure (2000), Universal, Delhi.

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6. Sarkar's Law of Civil Procedure, Vols.(2000) Universal, Delhi.

4. FAMILY LAW-1

Module 1: Introduction to Family Law1. Concept and scope of personal laws2. Respective roles of customary law and statute law3. Sir Henry Maine and customary law4. Role of judicial precedents

Module 2: Hindu Law1. Field of application of Hindu Law2. Sources of Hindu Law 3. Schools of Hindu Law : Mitakshara and Dayabhaga

Module 3: Muslim Law1. Field of application of Muslim Law2. Sources of Muslim Law3. Customary Law versus statute law?

Module 4: Marriage and Divorce1. Marriage in Hindu Law – nature, and conditions under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 –

void and voidable marriages2. Marriage in Muslim Law – nature, and conditions– void and voidable marriages 3. Nullity of marriage4. Divoce in Hindu Law5. Divorce in Muslim Law6. Marriage and Divorce under Special Marriage Act, 19557. Matrimonial remedies:

a. Restitution of conjugal rightsb. Judicial separation c. Permanent alimony and maintenanced. Legitimacy of childrene. Custody of children f. Alimony Pendente lite g. Ancillary relief under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955

8. Bars to matrimonial reliefModule 5: Law of Adoption

1. Legal issues: a. Who may adopt,b. Who may be adopted, c. Procedure for adoption, d. Effect of a valid adoption

2. Adoption under Hindu Law3. Adoption under the Muslim Law4. Requirements of inter-country adoption of children

Module 6: Maintenance

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1. Maintenance under Cr.P.C.2. Maintenance under Hindu Laws3. Maintenance with reference to the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce),

Act, 19864. Maintenance of persons other than wife

Module 7: Law relating to Guardians and Wards1. Need for guardian2. Who is a guardian ?3. How is he/she appointed?4. Who is a ward?5. Role of the Court6. Duties, rights and liabilities of guardian7. Role of the State to act in parens patriae

Module 8: Gender Justice and Personal Law1. Right to property2. Domestic violence3. Other aspects of gender justice

Module 9: Special Law for NRIs?Law Commission of India’s views

Suggested Readings:1. Aqil Ahmed : Mohammedan Law2. Asaf Fyzee : Outlines of Mohammedan Law, Tahir Mahmood ed. Oxford University

Press, 20093. B.P. Beri : Law of Marriage and Divorce of India4. Derrett, JDM : Critique of Modern Hindu Law 5. Jaspal Singh : Law of Marriage & Divorce in India6. Mulla : Hindu Law7. Mayne : Hindu Law and Usage8. Paras Diwan : Modern Hindu Law9. Paras Diwan : Muslim Law in Modern India10. Law Commission of India, Need for Family Law Legislation for Non-resident Indians,

Report No. 219, March 2009.

5. INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY AND LOGIC

Objectives of the Syllabus

Philosophy, a theoretical enterprise with practical applications, aims at understanding the nature and meaning of life and Reality. It is considered to be the mother of all branches of knowledge. The nature of Philosophy is that in it no answer is left unquestioned. It attempts to understand and explain the fundamental axioms and presuppositions which are taken for granted by all branches of knowledge.

The umbilical relationship of Law with Philosophy and Logic is intrinsic and inseparable. The Philosophy helps the lawyer to explain the why of law, and legal provisions, and logic helps him

52

explain the exact/intended/operational meaning9s) of provisions of law for purposes of implementation.

Thus this syllabus aims at equipping the saw student to the look at the why, what and how of law. It at the same time reminds him of the contribution of the Indian civilisation to Philosophy and Logic.

Part I: Philosophy

Module 1: The Nature of Philosophy1. Origins of Philosophy 2. What is Philosophy? 3. The Main Branches of Philosophy 4. Philosophy, Metaphysics, Religion/Theology and Epistemology

Module 2: Introduction to Philosophers 1. Nature of Schools of Indian Philosophy2. Some Indian Philosophers:

a. Charvakas and Sankhyasb. Kumarila Bhatta (Mimansa)c. Vachaspati Mishra (wrote authoritative works on every classical system of Hindu

philosophy)d. Gunaratna and Akalanka (Jainism)e. Jayanta Bhatta, Vatsyayana (Nyaya)f. Buddhist philosophers:

(i) Gautam Budha (ii) Dignaga and Dharmakirti (vijnaana vada sect of Mahayana Budhism)(iii) Subhagupta (Vaibhashika Budhism)

g. Mahavirah. Madhavacharya (Dvaita Vedanta), Shri Shankara (Advaita), Ramanuja

(Vishishthadwaita)i. Sriharsa and Citsukha (Advaita Vedanta)j. Nagarjuna (sunyavada)k. Kabir, Aurobindo, S. Radhakrishnan, J. Krishnamurty

3. Some Western Philosophersa. Early Greek Philosophers: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Epicurusb. Erasmus, Machiavelli, Sir Thomas More (Utopia), Rene Descartes, Immanuel

Kant, c. P.J. Proudhon (anarchist), d. Bertrand Russel, George Santayana, Jean Paul Sartre

Module 2: Indian Philosophy (Metaphysical Problems :- 1. Nature of Reality – Sankhya and others2. Nature of Self 3. Concept of Moksha 4. Theories of Causation 5. Universal and Particular 6. Concept of God - proofs for existence and relation with the world.

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Module 3: Indian Philosophy (Epistemological Problems) : 1. Nature of Knowledge 2. Definition and Nature of Prama. 3. Definition, Natutre and Types of Pramans 4. Pramanyavada 5. Theories of Error (Khyativada) 6. Problems of Meaning.

Module 4: Western Philosophy (Metaphysical Problems)1. Nature of Reality, Appearance and Reality:

(a) Monism, Dualism and Pluralism. (b) Being, Nothing and Becoming.

2. Idealism, Realism, Neo-Realism, Nominalism, Essentialism. 3. Rationalism, Empiricism, Logical Positivism. 4. Existentialism, Phenomenology and Pragmatism. 5. Concept of God - Definition, Nature and proofs for the existence. 6. Problem of Universals and Particulars.

Module 5: Western Philosophy (Epistemological Problems): 1. Nature and definition of knowledge, belief and knowledge. 2. Possibility of knowledge - Scepticism and Agnosticism. 3. Theories of Truth and Error: Self--evidence, Correspondence, Coherence, Pragmatic and

Semantic theories. 4. A priori knowledge, Analytic and synthetic, necessary and contingent, synthetic a priori. 5. Theories of Meaning - Picture theory, Language - Game theory, verifiability theory,

pragmatic theory. 6. Problem of memory, knowledge of other minds.

Part II: Logic (Indian and Western)

Module 6: The Nature and scope of logic1. Introduction – Definition of logic 2. Types of logic

a) formal logic b) material logic

3. Uses of logic 4. Thought – types of thinking

a) Common sense thinking b) Scientific thinking

5. Relationship of Logic with other subjects: a) logic and psychology b) logic and ethic c) logic and law

6. Laws of thought: a) law of identity b) law of contradiction or non-contradiction c) law of excluded middle d) law of sufficient reason

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Module 7: Words – Terms – Sentences1. Introduction – concept – percept – Judgment – sentence2. Definition of word – Types of words a) Categorematic b) Syncategorematic3. Terms – Types of terms:

a) Simple and composite terms b) single and general terms c) collective and non-collective terms d) concrete and abstract terms e) Positive – Negative and privative terms

4. Definition of connotation and denotation and their relationship.Module 8: Propositions

1. Definition of proposition 2. Relationship between sentence and proposition3. Analysis of logical proposition:

a) subject term b) predicate term c) copula –

4. Kinds of propositions – a) Conditional propositions

(i) Hypothetical proposition (ii) Disjunctive proposition

b) Unconditional proposition c) Quality and Quantity of proposition d) Categorical proposition:

(i) Universal affirmative (ii) Universal negative (iii) particular affirmative (iv)particular negative

e) Distribution of termsf) Eulurs of circle.

Module 9: Mixed Syllogism1. Syllogism – meaning and construction of2. Hypothetical syllogism:

a) Categories: (i) Pure Hypothetical syllogism (ii) Mixed Hypothetical syllogism

b) Rules – fallacies: (i) Fallacy of denying antecedent (ii) Fallacy of affirmative consequent

3. Disjunctive syllogism: a) Pure Disjunctive syllogism b) mixed Disjunctive syllogism – Rules – fallacies a) fallacy of non-exclusive alternative b) fallacy of exhaustive alternative

Module 10: Inference1. Inference – Meaning and uses2. Types of inference:

a) Immediate inference

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b) mediate inference3. Syllogism and inferences, relation between

a) General rules of categorical syllogism – b) Fallacies of categorical syllogism:

(i) fallacy of four terms (ii) fallacy of un-distribution middle term (iii) fallacy of illicit major (iv) fallacy illicit minor (v) fallacy of negatives (vi)fallacy of particulars

Module 11: Logical Definition1. Definition – Need, meaning and nature of2. Rules of definition 3. Relationship of definition with description, and division of a concept

Module 12: Indian Logic1. Sources – Panini (vyakarana), and Gautama (Nyaya or Tarka Shastra)

Inference – Prama, Brama, Pramana – Swardha anumana – Parardha anumana- Relationship between Indian syllogism and Aristotle syllogism.

1. What is logic?2. Truth and validity, Nature of propositions, Categorical syllogism, Laws of thought. 3. Classification of propositions, Square of opposition. 4. Truth functions and propositional Logic, Quantification and rules of quantification,

Proving validity and invalidity. 5. Set theory and Venn diagram. 6. Anvikshiki, Constituents and types of Anumana in old Nyaya, Navya- Nyaya, Buddhism

and Jainism. 7. Vyapti - Definition, types and formalisation, Types of Hetvabhasa.

Recommended readings:1. A.C. Ewing,   Fundamental Questions of Philosophy 2. C.D. Sharma, A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy 3. D.M. Datta and S.C. Chatterjee, Introduction to Indian Philosophy 4. Graham Priest, Logic: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press. 5. H. Titus, Living issues in Philosophy 6. John Patrick, Introduction to Philosophy 7. M. Hiriyanna, Essentials of Indian Philosophy 8. Patrick Hurley A Concise Introduction to Logic, Wardsworth, 2007 [Standard Course

Book] 9. Ramakrishna Puligandla, Fundamentals of Indian Philosophy: 2005 3rd Impression,

ISBN : 8124600872, New Delhi, Price Rs. 29010. Ram Nath Sharma, Sri Aurobindo’s Philosophy Of Social Development Edition:

Hardcover, Publisher: Atlantic, Price: Rs 16611. Rohit Mehta and Shridevi Mehta, J. Krishna Murti and Sant Kabir, A Study in Depth,

1997, Paperback, pp.128, Pub: Motilal Banarsidas, New Delhi.12. Satish Chandra Chatterji and Direndra Mohan Datta, An Introduction to Indian

Philosophy, Rupa Pub, New Delhi, Paperback, pp. 404, 2008.

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13. S. Radhakrishnan, Indian Philosophy, Oxford University Press, Paperback, Rs. 356/=14. S.R. Bhatta and Anu Mehrotra, Buddhists Epistemology, (Greenwood Publishing House,

Connecticus, USA) 15. Shri Aurobindo, On Education, Pondicherry16. Stephen Read, Thinking about Logic: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Logic, Oxford

University Press. 17. S.S.Barlingay, A Modern Introduction to Indian Logic, National Publishing House,. New

Delhi, 197618. William Lillie,   An Introduction to Ethics

6. LAW OF CONTRACT II (SPECIAL CONTRACTS)

Module 1: Contract of Indemnity and Guarantee1. Definition and Nature: Indemnity, Indemnity Holder, Guarantee, Surety,

Principal Debtor and Creditor2. Essential Elements of Indemnity And Guarantee3. Rights and Liabilities of Indemnity Holder4. Factors Affecting Guarantee and Types Of Guarantee5. Rights of Surety and Extent of Surety’s Liability6. Difference Between Contract of Guarantee and Contract of Indemnity

Module 2: Contract of Bailment1. Definition: Bailment, Bailor, Bailee, Right to Lien Etc.2. Essential Features of Bailment and Types of Bailment3. Types of Bailor: Gratuitous Bailor and Bailor for Reward4. Rights and Duties of Bailor and Bailee5. Duty and Right of Finder of Goods6. Termination of Bailment

Module 3: Contract of Pledge1. Definition: Pledge, Pawnor And Pawnee2. Essential Ingredients Of Pledge3. Rights And Duties of Pawnor and Pawnee4. Pledge by Non-Owners5. Difference between pledge and mortgage6. Difference between pledge and hire-purchase (ref. Hire Purchase Act)

Module 4: Contract of Agency1. Meaning of Agent And Agency2. Various Kinds of Agencies3. Classification of Agents: Special and General Agents, Mercantile Agents, Non

Mercantile Agents, Sub Agents And Substituted Agents4. Duties and Rights of Principal And Agents5. Termination of Agency

Module 5: Law of Partnership1. Meaning And Nature of Partnership And Duration of Partnership2. Partnership distinguished from Club, Company and Joint Hindu Family

Business3. Registration of Partnership Firm and Effect of Non Registration

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4. Relation of Partners to One Another and Their Rights and Duties5. Relation of Partners to Third Parties –liability of partners inter se – limited

liability concept6. Types of Partners and Minor As a Partner7. Change and Dissolution of Partnership Firm

Module 6: Law of Sale of Goods1. Definition and Essentials of Contract of Sale – Difference between contract of

sale and agreement to sell2. Meaning of Goods and their Classification3. Conditions and Warranties4. Doctrine of Caveat Emptor, Risk Prima Facie Passes with the Property and

Passing of Property in Goods5. “ Nemo Dat Duod Nonb Habet” Meaning and Exception of this Maxim

(Transfer of Title By Non-Owner)6. Duties and Rights of Seller and Buyer7. Unpaid Seller: Meaning and his Rights

Module 7: Contract of Carriage1. Carriage of passengers2. Carriage of goods3. Documents of carriage:

a.Tickets – carriage of passengersb. Waybills, bills of lading

4. Conditions of carriage5. Issues of liability of the carrier6. Motor Vehicles Act, 1939, Railways Act 1989, Carriage by Air Act, 1972,

Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 1925, Merchant Shipping Act, 1958

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SEMESTER VI

1. GLOBALISATION AND THE NEW GLOBAL ECONOMY

Course Objective: To give the students an understanding of the globalization process, the principal

mechanisms of international economic connections through which it works and an idea of some of the debates it has evoked.:

Having studied this course the undergraduate students can equip themselves with some knowledge of the happenings in the field of economy, finance and politics that will provide them with a better perspective on developments in the world around them.

Module 1: Introduction(1) Structural Adjustment Programme of IMF-IBRD(2) Globalization and the new global economy(3) Globalization as representing the triumph of free market capitalism.(4) Continuity and change in the world economy since the 1970s.(5) Economic Policy Changes in the Advanced and Developing Nations and

Developments in Communication Technology.(6) Geographical pattern of economic activity, patterns of international trade, foreign

direct investment and capital flows.Module 2: TNCs and International Capital Market

(1) Transnational Corporations and the Globalization Process: TNCs and FDI andtechnology flows; intra-firm and inter-firm trade; international productionnetworks.

(2) Structure and Working of the International Capital market: the main actors andinstruments of international asset transaction; offshore banking ; Eurocurrenciesand Eurocurrency trading ; global finance and hot money flows.

Module 3: Regional and multilateral agreements : (1) Brief History of Multilateral Institutions, their Structure and Working (2) International Monetary Fund and the World Bank

Module 4: Globalization and Developing Countries(1) Industry and Services in the globalization process(2) Labour, Migration and Outsourcing.Financial globalization : footloose capital and capital

controls(3) Agricultural globalisation?

Module 5: The World Trade Organization (1) Organizational structure and decision making process and its evolving role.(2) Economic activities covered by WTO

(a) Trade in Goods(b) Trade in Service(c) IPRs(d) Prohibition of restrictive practices such as dumping

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(e) Trade Related Investment(f) Telecommunications(g) Agriculture

Module 6: Issues in Globalisation : Alternative perspectives on its nature and character:(1) Critical dimensions : economic, political, strategic, cultural and informatic(2) Questioning the benefits of economic integration: Inequality and instability in

global economy.(3) Dimunition of World Economic Organisations to G-8

Module 7: Globalization, State, Sovereignty and the Civil Society.(1) The World Social Forum.(2) The Millennium Goals, 2000

References

1. Bhagwati, Jagdish, In Defense of Globalisation, OUP, New York, 2004.2. Daniels, P.W., and Lever, W.F., (eds.) The Global Economy in Transition

(Harlow: Longman, 1997).

3. Dicken, P., Global Shift: The Internationalisation of Economic Activity(London: Paul Chapman, 1992, 2nd edn.

4. Dubey, Muchkund, “Towards a New International Monetary and Financial Architecture,” Mainstream, Vol XLVII, No 18, April 18, 2009 http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article1307.html

5. Dubey, Muchkund, “Reinventing UNCTAD: Some Proposals for the UNCTAD Mid-term Review,” Research and Information System for Developing Countries RIS-DP 110 July 2006

6. Goyal, Krishn A , Impact of Globalization on Developing Countries (With Special Reference To India), International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, ISSN 1450-2887 Issue 5 (2006) © EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2006 http://www.eurojournals.com/finance.htm

7. Held, D., McGrew, A., Goldblatt, d., and Perraton, J., Global Transformation:Politics, Economics and Culture (Cambridge: Polity Press. 1999).

8. Held, David et al, Global Transformation, (Cambridge: Polity Press,2001)

9. Heimans, Jeremy, Reforming global economic and social governance: a critical review of recent programmatic thinking, Working Paper No. 26, World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization, Policy Integration Department, International Labour Office, Geneva, May 2004

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10. Hirst, P., and Thompson, G., Globalisation in Question: The InternationalEconomy and the Possibilities of Governance (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1999,2nd edn.).

11. Hoogvelt, A., Globalisation and the Postcolonial World (Basingstoke:Macmillan, 1997).

12. Jackson, H.J., The world Trade Organisation (London: The Royal Instituteof International Affairs, 1998).

13. James, P., and Veltmeyer, H., Globalisation Unmasked (London: ZedBooks, 2001).

14. Khor, Martin, Rethinking Globalisation ,(London: Zed Books, 2001)

15. Kofman, E., and Youngs, G., (eds.) Globalisation: Theory and Practice(London: Pinter, 2001, 2nd edn.).

16. Kotilinen, Markku & Kaitilla, vlle, Economic globalization in Developing Countries, http://www.etla.fi/files/918_FES_02_3_developing_countries.pdf

17. Munck, Ronald, The New Great Transformation, (Delhi: Madhyam, 2003).15. Nayyar, D., (ed.) Governing Globalisation : Issues and Institutions (Delhi:Oxford University Press 2002)

18. Sakamoto, Y., (ed.), Global Transformation: Challenges to the StateSystem (Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 1994).

19. Scholtze, J.A., Globalisation: A Critical Introduction (Basingsstoke: Palgrave,2000)

20. Stiglitz, J., Globalization and its Discontents (London: Pengiun, 2002).White, B., Little, R., and Smith, M., (eds.) Issues in World Politics(Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2001, 2nd edn.).

2. PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT (GENERAL, FINANCIAL)

Module 1: Introduction to Management (1) Definition, nature, importance.(2) Evolution of management thought, contribution made by Taylor, Fayol, Hawthrone

experiments, Maslow (3) Is managing a science or art? (4) Functions of manager(5) Ethics in managing and social responsibility of managers.

Module 2: Planning & Control(1) Management process starts with planning - reasons

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(2) Steps in planning (3) Barriers to effective planning(4) Types of planning,(5) Controlling - concept, Planning - control relationship, process of control, human response

to control, dimensions of control(6) Managing a Business Organisation

Module 3: Decision Making & Organizing (1) Nature, process of decision making, decision making under Certainty and Uncertainty,(2) Decision-tree, group-aided decision, brain-storming.(3) Organizing – concept, nature and process of organizing, authority and responsibility, Line

of command and Span of control, (4) delegation and empowerment, centralization and decentralization, concept of

departmentation.Module 4: Staffing & Motivation

(1) Concept, Manpower planning, Job design (2) Recruitment & selection, training and development, (3) Performance appraisal, motivation, motivators and satisfaction, motivating towards

organizing objectives, morale building.Module 5: Leadership & Communication

(1) Defining leadership and its role, should managers lead, leadership style, leadership development, Leadership behavior.

(2) Communication- Process, Bridging gap-using tools of communication, electronic media in Communication.

Module 6: Managerial Finance(1) Introduction to Corporate Finance(2) Accounting Statements and Cash Flow(3) Financial Planning and Growth(4) Time Value of Money(5) How to Value Bonds and Stocks(6) Some Alternative Investment Rules(7) Net Present Value and Capital Budgeting : (8) Capital Market History, Return and Risk(9) Capital Structure: Basic Concepts - Capital Structure and Dividend Policy:(10) Risk, Return, and Capital Budgeting(11) Long-Term Financing: (12) Dividends and Other Payouts (13) Leasing/Loan financing, and Corporate Finance:- Options and Futures: Basic Concepts (14) Warrants and Convertibles

Suggested Readings:1. Brealey and Meyers: Principles of Corporate Finance; Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi,

2008. 2. Chandra, Prasana: Financial Management; Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2008. 3. Gitman, L.J: Principles of Managerial Finance; Addison Wasley, 2009.4. Govindarajan & Natarajan: Principles of Management, Prentice Hall of India Private

Limited, New Delhi.

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5. Keown, Martin, Petty and Scott (Jr): Financial Management; Principles and Applications; Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 2002.

6. Khan, M.Y & Jain, P.K.: Financial Management; Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2008.7. Khanka, S. S.: Organizational Behaviour: Text and Cases, S. Chand & Company

Limited, New Delhi. 8. Kishore, Ravi, M: Financial Management; Taxman, 2006.9. Koontz, Weihrich, Essentials of Management (Tata McGrew Hill, 5th Edition)10. Robbins & Caulter – Management (Prentice Hall of India, 8th Edition)11. Pandey, I. M.: Financial Management; Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi, 200512. Parag Diwan – Management Principles and Practices (Excel Books, New Delhi)13. Pareek,:Udai, Understanding Organizational Behaviour, Oxford University Press, New

Delhi. 14. Prasad, L. M. – Principles & Practices of Management (Sultanchand & Sons , New

Delhi) 15. Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational Behaviour, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited,

New Delhi.16. Stoner, Freeman, Gilbert. Jr. – Management (Prenlice Hall of India, 6th Edition), New

Delhi 17. Tripathy & Reddy: Principles of Management, Tata McGraw-Hill Publications, New

Delhi.18. Vanhorne, James C: Financial Management and Policy; Prentice Hall of India, New

Delhi, 2002.

3. COMPANY LAW (CORPORATE GOVERNANCE)

Module 1: Introduction of Corporate Laws(1) Corporation/Company as a business organization – Forms of Corporate and non-

Corporate Organisations; Corporations, partnerships and other associations of persons differences with other forms of business organizations

(2) Meaning of Company, essential characteristics(3) Types of companies and their-roles: state corporations, government companies, public

sector and private sector(4) Corporate personality and lifting the corporate veil, (5) Functions and accountability of companies.(6) Corporate governance Issues:

(a) Liability and Consumer rights, (b) Profit motive, (c) Rule of law and transparency, (d) Corporate social responsibilityCorporate Governance as a set of processes, customs and practices, policies, laws, and institutions affecting the way a corporation (or company) is directed, administered or controlled.

Module 2: Incorporation of Companies(1) Memorandum of Association and the doctrine of Ultra Vires

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(2) Articles of Association, binding force, alteration - Relations with memorandum of association - doctrine of constructive notice and indoor management exceptions

(3) Membership of Company(4) Contracts, deeds & Investments(5) Prospectus & Allotment of Shares

(a) Prospectus, issue, contents, liability for misstatements, statement in lieu of prospectus,

(b) Promotors - position - duties and liabilities(c) Shares - general principles of allotment - statutory restrictions (d) Commission & Discounts - issue of shares at premium and discount(e) Issue and Redemption of Shares

Module 3: Share Capital & Debentures & Registration of Charges(1) Kinds of Share Capital(2) Reduction of Share Capital(3) Transfer of Shares & Debentures - restrictions on transfer - procedure for transfer -

refusal of transfer - role of public finance institutions - relationship between transferor and transfers -

(4) Borrowing Powers(5) Registration of Charges(6) SEBI

Module 4: Shareholders: (1) Share certificate, its objects and effects (2) Shareholder - who can be and who cannot be a shareholder, modes of becoming a

shareholder - calls on shares - forfeiture and surrender of shares - lien on shares - rights and liabilities of shareholder

(3) Share capital - kinds - alteration and reduction of share capital - further issue of capital - conversion of loans and debentures into capital

(4) Duties of court to protect the interests of creditors and shareholdersModule 5: Directors

(1) Position of director - appointment - qualifications, vacation of office - removal, resignation

(2) Powers and duties of directors (3) Meeting, registers, loans to or from Directors(4) Remuneration of directors - compensation for loss of office(5) Role of nominee directors (6) Managing directors and other managerial personnel (7) Role and Powers of Board of Directors(8) Meetings – kinds, procedure – voting.

Module 5: Dividends, Debentures, Borrowing Powers(1) Dividends - payment (2) Capitalization of bonus shares (3) Audit and accounts, (4) Borrowing - powers - effects of unauthorised borrowing -charges and mortgages - loans

to other companies investments - contracts by companies (5) Debentures – meaning - floating charge - kinds of debentures - shareholder and debenture

holder - remedies of debenture holders.

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Module 6: Majority, Minority, Oppression, Mismanagement(1) Majority rule (2) Protection of minority rights (3) Prevention of oppression and miss-management (4) Remedies - who can apply - when can he apply (5) Powers of the court and of the Central Government.

Module 7: Allied and ancillary Aspects of Company Law1. Private companies - nature advantages 2. Conversion into public company 3. Foreign companies4. Government companies5. Holding and subsidiary companies6. Investigations – Powers 7. Reconstruction and amalgamation8. Mergers, Takeovers9. Defunct Companies. 10. National company Law Tribunal, powers and functions.

Module 8: Legal Aspects of Multinational (Transnational) Companies(1) Features of Multinational (Transnational) Companies(2) Collaboration agreements for technology transfer (3) Control and regulation of foreign companies (4) Taxation of foreign companies (5) Share capital in MNCs(6) TNCs Inteernational Codes of Conduct – UNCTAD, UN, ILO, and others

Module 9: Winding Up(1) Winding up – concept and types (2) Winding up by court

(a) Reasons / rounds (b) Who can apply - Procedure (c) Powers of liquidator (d) Powers of court consequences of winding up order

(3) Voluntary winding up by members and creditors winding up subject to supervision of court.

(4) Winding up proceedings (a) Appointment of liquidator (b) Powers and duties of official liquidator (c) Liability of past members (d) Payment of liabilities - preferential payments, unclaimed dividends

(5) Winding up of unregistered company.

Recommended Readings:1 Bare Acts – Companies Act 1956, FEMA, Competition Act, SICA, Patents Act, Trade

and Merchandise Marks Act, Copyright Act 2 Leading case on corporate personality: Salomon v A Salomon & Co Ltd [1897] AC 223 Anantha Raman, K. S., lectures on company Law and MRTP, Wadhwa and Company4 Bhandari, M.C. ,: Guide to Company Law Procedures

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5 Charlsworth’s Company Law, Alastair Hudson Ed., Sweet and Maxwell, London, 20106 Kucha, M.C.,.Modern Indian Company Law 7 Majumdar, A. K., & Kapoor, G. K., Company Law And Practice, Taxmann, 12th Edn.,

2007. 8 Palmer on Company Law, Morse Geoffrey, Ed, Sweet and Maxwell,, London, 20109 Ramaiya, A., Guide to the Companies Act (With a thorough discussion of SEBI

Guidelines, Companies General Rules and Forms, FEMA/NBFC - App. Part 1, Wadhwa, Nagpur, 16th Edn, 2004 (Reprint 2010)

10 Singh, Avtar, Elements of Company Law 11 Shukla, M.C., Principles of Company Law

4. HUMAN RIGHTS (INCLUDING INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW)

Module 1: Human Rights, Duties: and Values: Conceptual Perspectives(1) Historical and Philosophical Perspectives(2) Understanding The Concept of Rights And Duties – Multidimentional, contextual, (3) Different Theories of Rights

(a) Natural Rights Theory(b) Legal/Positivist Theory(c) Liberal Theories(d) Marxist Theory(e) Sociological Theories(f) Indian Perspectives such as Gandhian

(4) Human Rights Movements(a) International(b) National

(5) Classification of Rights, Duties and Values(a) Moral, Social, Cultural, Economic, Civil, and Political(b) Duties towards self, family, community, society, nation/state, humankind and other

beings and Mother Earth.(c) Interrelationships of rights and duties: areas of harmony and conflicts

(6) General Problems Of Human RightsPoverty, illiteracy, discrimination and unsustainable development

Module 2: International and Regional Perspectives on Human Rights and Duties(1) Evolution of International Concern For and Recognition of Human Rights(2) Theoretical debates:

(b) International concern for human rights versus state sovereignty – Articles 1(3) and 55-56 versus Article 2(7) of the UN Charter – Jus cogens and core human rights (Barcelona Traction Company case)

(c) ‘Generational rights’ versus Human rights as evolutionary, contextual, indivisible?

(d) Individual rights and group rights(e) Civil and political rights versus economic, social and cultural rights?(f) Non-derogable rights and derogable rights

(1) International Norms and Standards(a) The United Nations Charter

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(b) International Bill of Rights: (i) Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948(ii) International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966(iii) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966

(c) Vienna Declaration and Plan of Action 1993(d) Fundamental Duties and Responsibilities:

Duty to respect the rights of others (Article 29 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, UN Declaration on the Right and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect Universally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, 1999, UNESCO Declaration on the Responsibilities of the Present Generations towards Future Generations, 1997), UNESCO’s Universal Declaration on Tolerance 1995

(2) Regional Human Rights Instruments:(a) European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 – European mechanism for

implementation(b) African Charter of Human and People's Rights, 1981– European mechanism for

implementation(c) American Convention on Human Rights, 1969– European mechanism for

implementationModule 3: Protection and Implementation of Human Rights at the International and Regional Levels:

(1) International Level : (a) UN General Assembly/Human Rights Council, Economic and Social Council, UN

High Commissioner for Human Rights, Committees under the international covenants and conventions – Country Reports and Appointment of Rapporteurs

(b) The Security Council(c) International Criminal Court and Special International Tribunals

(2) Regional Level :(i) European Commission on Human Rights and the Court of Human Rights(ii) American Commission of Human Rights and Court of Human Rights(iii) African Commission of Human Rights and Court of Human Rights

Module 4: International Responses to Selected Human Rights Issues(1) Racial discrimination:

(a) International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination,1965, International Convention against Apartheid in Sports 1985

(b) UNESCO Declaration on Race and Racial Prejudice, 1978(2) Freedom from Torture :

(a) Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, 1948(b) Convention on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture and

other Cruel and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 1984(3) Rights of Women, Children, the Disabled and the Aged

(a) Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, 1979(b) Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989(c) Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2006(d) United Nations Principles for Older Persons 1991

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(4) Human Rights in Armed Conflict and Rights of Refugees(a) Geneva Conventions on International Humanitarian Law, 1949(b) Geneva Protocols I & II to the Geneva Conventions, 1977(c) Convention on Protection of Refugees, 1951 and 1967 Protocol

(5) Labour WelfareILO Conventions and Recommendations

Module 5: International Criminal Law and Gross Violations of Human Rights(1) Principles of exercise of national criminal jurisdiction – Pinochet case: 2000] 1 AC 147,

[1999] 2 All ER 97(2) Concept of international crime – from co-ordination of national jurisdictions to

establishment of international jurisdictions(3) Historical Perspective:

(a) Early attempts – Articles 227-229 of the Treaty of Versailles 1919 – Advisory Committee of Jurist 1920 – 1937 Statute for the Creation of International criminal Court

(b) Nuremberg and Tokyo International Military Trials – three categories of international crimes

(c) Towards the Rome Statute for the International Criminal Court – International Law Commission

(4) Special International and Mixed Tribunals – Yugoslavia, Rwanda, Sierra Leon, Cambodia

(5) The Rome Statute – Drafting (ILC 1989-1994, & UNGA 1994-1998) and coming into force – Jurisdiction (crimes covered, trigger mechanism: role of UN Security Council)

(a) Jurisdiction: (i) In respect of applicable law and Elements of Crimes(ii) ratione personae (In respect of states to whom it applies);(iii) ratione materiae (subject matter: determined by the applicable law:

complementarity principle); and (iv)ratione temporis (critical date from which it applies)

(b) Trigger mechanism: States, UN Security Council(c) Prosecution Procedure, Principles of international criminal law, participation of

victims, state obligations.(6) Overview of International criminal jurisprudence

Module 6: Implementation of International Human rights Law in India(1) India’s ratification of Human Rights Treaties(2) Constitution of India Articles 51 and 253(3) Constitution and Human Rights(4) National institutions for protection of Human Rights – NHRC, Minorities Commission,

Women’s Commission, SC/ST Commission, Commission on Child Rights, Commission on Disabilities

(5) Lokayukt, and Lok Pal(6) Right to information (7) NGOs, Human Rights Movements(8) Media

Recommended Readings:

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1. www.un.org/events/humanrights 2. http://www.un.org/en/humanitarian/ 3. http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Pages/WelcomePage.aspx 4. http://www.icrc.org/eng/index.jsp 5. http://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/international-review/index.jsp 6. http://www.hrweb.org/legal/undocs.html 7. http://www.icc-cpi.int/ and

http://www.icc-cpi.int/Menus/ICC/Legal+Texts+and+Tools/8. http://avalon.law.yale.edu/subject_menus/imt.asp and

http://avalon.law.yale.edu/subject_menus/imt.asp9. South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre, Human Rights & Human

Rights Instruments in India http://www.hrdc.net/sahrdc/resources/hr_instrument.htm

10. National Human Rights Commission of India http://nhrc.nic.in/ 11. National Human Rights Commission of India, New Delhi, Annual Reports12. Anukumah, Evelyn A., The African Commission on Human And People's Rights:

Practice and Procedures Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague: 1996. 13. Baxi, Upendra., The Future of Human Rights New OUP, Delhi.14. Boyle, Shay, Micheline R., New institutions for human rights protection OUP,

New Delhi, 200915. Chaudhary, S.N., Human rights and poverty in India: theoretical Issues, Concepts

Pub, Delhi, 2005. 16. Chimni, B.S., ed., Internatinal Refugee Law: A Reader, Sage Publications, New

Delhi, 2000.17. Curtis F. J, Introduction to International Humanitarian Law:

Doebblerhttp://books.google.com/books?id=plHYQqlCVn8C&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false

18. Karkara, Gurbax Singh, Commentary on the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993

19. Kausal, Rachna, Women and Human Rights in India, Daya Publishing House, New Delhi, 2000.

20. Krishan Iyer, V.R., Human Rights and the Law, Vedpal Law House, Indore 1984.21. Krishan Iyer, V.R., Human Rights and Inhuman Wrongs,

BR Publishing Corporation, New Delhi: 1990.22. Krishan Iyer, V.R., In Search of Social Justice, Jagrut Bhart, Dharwad 1986 23. Mani, V. S. ed., Oxford Handbook of Humanitarian Law in South Asia, New

Delhi, 2007.24. Murphy, Therese. New Technologies and Human Rights Oxford, New Delhi,

2009 25. Nanjunda, D.C., Child Labour and Human Rights: A Prospective,: Kalpaz Pub,

Delhi, 2008 26. Saksena, K.P., Ed., Human Rights: fifty Years of India's Independence, Gyan

Publishing House, New Delhi: 199927. Saksena , K.P., "International Convents in Human Rights ", Indian Yearbook of

International Affairs, vol. XV-XVI, 1966-67, pp.595-605

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28. Sharma, Mool Chand, & Bharathan, Raju, eds., Constitutionalism, Human Rights and The Rule of law: essays in honour of Soli J. Sorabjee, Universal, Delhi, 2005.

29. Shastri, Satish, Ed., Human Rights, Development and Environment Law, Bharat Law House, Jaipur, 2006

30. South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre, Oxford Handbook of Human Rights and Criminal Justice in India, New Delhi, 2006, Rs. 425/=

31. Verma, J. S., The New Universe of Human Rights, Universal, Delhi, 2006.32. Vijapur , Abdulrahim P., Essays on International Human Rights, South Asian

Publishers, New Delhi,1991.

5. FAMILY LAW II

Module 1: Joint Hindu Family1. Concept of Joint Hindu Family and Coparcenary under Mitakshara and

Dayabhaga law and their incidence.[Cases:

Commission or of Income Tax v. Gomedalli Lakshminarayan AIR1935 Bom. 412 Moro Vishwanath v. Ganesh Vithal (1873) 10 Bom. 444]

2. Property in Hindu Law: Separate and Copercenary Property[Cases:

Muhammad Hussain Khan v. Babu Kishva Nandan Sahai AIR 1937 PC 233 C.N. Arunachala Mudaliar v. C.A. Muruganatha Mudaliar AIR 1953 SC 495 Commissioner of Wealth Tax v. Chander Sen AIR 1986 SC 1753]

3. Karta of Joint Hindu Family:(i) Who can be the Karta?(ii) Position of the Karta(iii) Powers, Duties and Liabilities of the Karta(iv) Alienation of Joint Family Property by the Karta(v) Pious obligation of the son to repay the debts incurred by the Karta[Cases:

a. Hunoomanprasad Pandey v. Mussumat Babooee Mumraj Koonweree (1856) 6 MIA 393

b. Balmukund v. Kamlawati AIR 1964 SC 1385c. Guramma Bhratar Chandbassapa Deshmukh v. Mallapa Chandbassappa AIR

1964 SC 510d. R. Kuppayee v. Raja Gounder (2004) I SCC 295e. M/s Nopany Investment (P) Ltd. v. Santokh Singh (HUF) 2007 (13) JT 448]

Module 2: Partition 1. Meaning of ‘Partition’. : Bringing the joint family status to an end2. Subject Matter of Partition3. Persons entitled to demand Partitions and to a share on Partition4. Partition, how effected5. Rules relating to division of property on Partition6. Reopening of Partition & reunion7. Difference between Mitakshara & Dayabhaga Laws regarding

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8. Partition[Cases:

A. Raghavamma v. A. Chenchamma AIR 1964 SC 136 Puttaragama v. M.S. Ranganna AIR 1968 SC 1018 Kakumanu Redasubhayya v. Kakumanu Akkamma AIR 1968 SC 1042]

Module 3: Principles of InheritanceA. Hindu Law : The Hindu Succession Act, 1956:

1. General rules of succession to a Hindu male dying intestate2. General rules of succession to a Hindu female dying intestate3. Stridhan and Women’s Estate4. General Principles of Inheritance and Disqualification of Heirs.

[Cases:i) Vaddeboyina Tulasamma v. Vaddeboyina Sesha Reddi AIR 1977 SC 1944 ii) Jaganathan Pillai v. Kunjithapadam Pillai AIR 1987 SC 1493iii) Gurupad Khandappa Magdum v. Hirabai Khandappa Magdum AIRiv) 1978 SC 1239v) Masilamani Mudaliar’s case ( C) v. Idol of Sri Swamanathiswamivi) Thirukoil 1996 (1) HLR 82 (SC)ii) Gumpha v. Jaibai (1994) 2 SCC 511]

B. Muslim Law1. Principles of Inheritance under Muslim Law (Sunni Law): Primary Heirs.2. Brief Introduction to Hiba (Gift), Will (Waiyat), and Marzul Maut (Death bed

Transactions)Module 4: Religious And Charitable Endowments

A. Hindu LawEndowments:

(a) Meaning, Kinds and Essentials(b) Public and private temples - Math - Powers and Obligations of Mahant and Shebait(c) Idol as a litigant: Removal and replacement of Idol(d) Hindu religious and charitable endowment laws and important case law thereunder(e) Law relating to charitable endowments

B. Muslim LawWaqf:

(a) Meaning, kinds, Rights, Obligations and Characteristics(b) Objects and Purpose of Waqf- Advantages and Disadvantages(c) Mosques: objects, kinds, requisites(d) The Wakf Acts 1923, 1954, and 1995 and important caselaw thereunder

C. Pre Emption under Customary Law(a) Origin, Meaning; Classification; (b) Subject Matter (c) Requisite formalities (d) Constitutional validity.(e) Legal force of Pre-Emption as an argument questioning title

Recommended Readings:1. Satyajeet.A.Desai, Mulla Principles of Hindu Law, Vol. I & II (20th ed., 2007)

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2. Poonam Pradhan Saxena, Family Law Lectures, Family Law-II (2nd ed., 2007)3. Paras Diwan & Peeyushi Diwan, Modern Hindu Law, (18th ed., 2008)4. Asaf A.A. Fyzee, Outlines of Muhammadan Law (2008)5. Mukherjea Tagore Law Lectures on Hindu Religious Endowments

6. JURISPRUDENCE II: LEGAL THEORY AND INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES

Module 1: Introductory 1. Need to study jurisprudence – Jurisprudence versus Legal Theory?2. Relationship with political and power structures and just society.3. Concept of Law 4. Difference with laws of religion, natural sciences, social sciences, statistics, history,

sports, associations5. Law and Dharma: morality: Issue of core values of the society6. Law as system of Rules recognising rights and obligations: Sir John Salmond7. Law as a framework of community action8. India’s contribution to concept of law – Dharma (Dharmo rakshati rakshitah), Dharma

shashtras, Manu Kautilya 9. Feminist jurisprudence10. Comparative Law and Legal systems of the world11. Ancient legal systems12. Tribal systems of law and justice13. Common Law (Anglo-Saxon) system14. Civil Law System15. Contemporary Chinese system16. Buddhist system (Bhutan)17. Islamic systems

Module 2: Law as a bundle of obligations: 1. Why are laws obligatory? 2. Obligations, liability, sanction, coercion, compulsion, duty, estoppel, promise, dharma,3. Primary and secondary obligations

Module 3: The body of law(1) Legal precepts and norms(2) Principles and rules(3) Fundamental norms(4) Constitutional norms(5) Principles of natural justice

Module 4: Theories of/ about law (1) Natural law theories(2) Positivist theories:

(a) John Austin’s analytical jurisprudence(b) Hans Kelsen’s Pure Theory of Law(c) H.L.A. Hart

(3) Theories of historical jurisprudence: Sir Henry Maine, Lon Fuller (his debate with Hart)(4) Theories of Rights: John Locke, J. S. Mill, Adam Smith (Limited Government)

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(5) Rationalists: Kant, Max Weber, Rawls(6) Sociological theories: Julius Stone, Roscoe Pound (social engineering), Myers S.

MacDougal (Human dignity), Ronald Dworkin (law and an integrity and debate with Hart) , Upendra Baxi

(7) Marxist and other socialist theories: Karl Marx, Harold J. Laski (legality of law)(8) The ‘realists’: As opposed to idealists and positivists;

Module 5: Legal Personality (1) Recognition as a person in law as a human right(2) Natural and artificial persons(3) Functional approach to personality – Status of the unborn, minor, lunatic, drunken and

dead persons (4) Corporate personality(5) Legal personality and jus standi before a court(6) Related concepts: parens patriae, ‘next of kin’, ‘next friend, temple diety, jus standi to

initiate public interest litigation Module 6: Legal Authorities

(1) Types of authorities: Executive, Legislative and Judicial, and Customary (2) Binding effect of decisions of authorities (3) Limits:

(a) Executive authority and administrative law(b) Legislative authority: Positivist view that there are no limits – Golaknath,

Keshavandanda Bharati cases, and D.C. Wadhwa case.(c) Judiciary: review, overruling by legislature, non-self-executory nature of judicial

decisionsModule 7: Legal Concepts

(1) Legal Rights: 1. Categories or rights2. Correlationship of rights with duties

(2) Property:: the concept - Kinds of property(3) Ownership :the Concept – Kinds – transfer(4) Possession: the Concept – kinds – transfer – Possession is nine points of law(5) Difference between ownership and possession(6) Liability: Concept, kinds, difference between civil and criminal liability(7) Substantive and procedural laws: difference(8) Role of Evidence in application of law - Nature and kinds of evidence(9) Punishment:: Theories – Death penalty(10) Reparation: Restitution, Damages/ compensation, apology, satisfaction(11) ‘Compensatory jurisprudence’

Module 8: Legislation(1) Codification versus customary law

(a) Theoretical debate – Blackstone versus Bentham (Natural law approach v. positive law approach)

(b) Ancient Codes – Hammurabi (1790 BC), Corpus juris civilis (529 AD), Napoleonic Code (1804), Manusriti (200BC-200 AD), Arthasastra (350 AD), ancient Chines Codes,

(2) Theories of legislation – Bentham, Hobbes

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(3) Legislative process (4) Principles of legislative drafting(5) Principles of interpretation of statutes(6) Indian Constitutional Doctrines

Doctrine of basic structure Doctrine of colourable legislation Doctrine of eclipse: Doctrine of implied power Doctrine of pith and substance Doctrine of prospective overruling Doctrine of severability:

(7) Repeal and amendment of legislationModule 9: Fairness and Reasonableness in Law

(1) Concept of equity, justice and good conscience(2) Reasonable man’s test(3) Wednesbury rule of arbitrariness(4) Fair Trial(5) “Rational principles of justice”: State of Madras V.G. Row (1952 SC 196), Dwaraka

Prasad Laxmi Narayan V. State of U.P. (AIR 1954 SC 224), Krishnachandra V. Commissioner of Police (1961 3 SCR 135) Hardhan Shah V. State of West Bengal (1975 3 SCC 198). AIR India V. Nargesh Meerza (AIR 1987 SC 1829). Maneka Gandhi V. Union of India (1978 2SCR 621)

(6) Right of redress (Principle behind Art. 32 of the Constitution)(7) Theories of adjudication - role of judges in the judicial process

Books Recommended:1. Allen, C. K., Law in the Making, Universal Publishers 2. Baxi, Upendra, Towards a Sociology of Indian Law. Satvahan, 1986 3. Baxi, Upendra, “Taking suffering seriously: Social Action Litigation in the Supreme

Court of India” in Baxi ed , Law and Poverty, Tripathi, Bombay, pp.387-415 (1988).4. Dyani, S.N., Fundamental of Jurisprudence: A study of Indian Legal Theory (1985),

Metropolitan, New Delhi 5. Dias, R.W.M., Jurisprudence 6. Dworkin, Ronald, Law's Empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1986. 7. Dworkin, Ronald, Justice in Robes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2006. 8. Friedmann, W. Legal Theory (1999) Universal, Delhi.9. Friedmann, W. Law in a Changing Society, Universal, Delhi, 200310. Hart, H.L.A. The Concepts of Law (1970) Oxford, ELBS 11. Jayakumar , NK : LexisNexis, 2nd Edition 200612. Lloyd, Introduction to Jurisprudence, M.D.A.Freeman (ed).13. Mahajan V.D, Legal Theory and Jurisprudence.14. Paton, G.W., Jurisprudence15. Pond, Roscoe, Introduction to the Philosophy of Law (1998 Re-print) Universal, Delhi.16. Salmond, Jurisprudence, Fitzgerald,(ed.), Universal Publishers17. Subba Rao, G.C.V. Jurisprudence and Legal Theory

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SEMESTER VII

1. INTERNATIONAL GOVERNANCE (INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION)(Detailed Syllabus)

Module 1: Introductory1. Concept of International governance – International Organisation – International

Institutions2. Nature of international society, with sovereign states as units of governance3. Pluralistic features of international society and challenges of organizing cooperation

Module 2: International Organisation: A theoretical Perspective1. Global versus Functional approaches 2. Global versus Regional approaches3. Inter-Governmental versus Non-Governmental Approaches4. Alliance and regime approaches5. Global approaches to peace through international organization – Inis Claude, Jr:

(a) Collective Security and issues of management of power in international relations(b) Peaceful Settlement of Disputes(c) Disarmament(d) Social and Economic justice(e) Trusteeship for development

Module 3: Historical evolution of international organization1. Treaty of Westphalia 1648 and the sovereign state system2. System of alliances and balance of power3. Emergence of functional organisations

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4. Emergence of global organizations:(f) League of Nations(g) United Nations(h) More functional organizations – ICAO, IMF-IBRD, GATT-WTO, IMO,

UNESCO, WHO, FAO, IAEA, Module 4: Intergovernmental International Organisations

1. General Features – Plenary Body, Executive organ, Secretariat2. Membership Issues3. Decision making and issues democratization of international relations: Consensus,

Majority voting, Weighted Voting, Veto4. International bureaucracy5. Role of permanent missions at HQ of international organization6. Problems of coordination and Article 63 relationship agreements

Module 5: The United Nations: Introduction1. Making of the UN Charter

(a) The League of Nations in ruins: Flaws of the League(b) Wartime alliances(c) Issues of peace settlement:

(i) The Cold War(ii) Reconstruction and economic development(iii) Colonies

2. San Francisco Conference3. UN Charter and nuclear issue

Module 6: UN Charter: Features1. UN Charter, a constitution, or just another multilateral treaty?2. UN Charter: an overview. – Quincy Wright’s perspective of principles and procedures.-

Decision-making3. Permanent Organs of of UN 4. Status of UN: First-among equals?5. UN and its members

(i) Membership(ii) Status of UN vis-à-vis States: Reparations for Injuries Case (iii) Coordination of national action(iv)Supremacy Clause, domestic jurisdiction, “Responsibility to Protect”

6. UN and non-members – Namibia Case7. Charter Reform

Module 7: Role of UN in international society1. Collective security and Peace-keeping – during Cold War, after Cold War2. Disarmament and arms control 3. Settlement of disputes – Diplomatic, adjudicatory (ICJ. Arbitration)4. Decolonisation5. Human rights and humanitarian relief6. Economic development

Module 8: Role of UN Specialised Agencies1. Concept of specialised agency2. ICAO

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3. Bretton Woods Institutions4. UNESCO5. WHO6. IAEA7. WTO

Module 9: Regional Organisations1. European Union2. African Union3. OAS4. SAARC5. ASEAN6. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

Module 10: International NGOs1. Human Rights – Amnesty International, International Commission of Jurists,2. Economic relief – Oxfam3. Humanitarian relief – iCRC, Doctors without Borders4. Environmental protection – Greenpeace International, Friends of the Earth, International

Union of Scientists for Conservation of Nature.

Some useful WebsitesKofi Annan, “Nobel Lecture,” December 10, 2001 [ONLINE] http://www.nobel.se/peace/laureates/2001/annan-lecture.html [accessed July 19, 2003].  Take a look at the United Nations Secretary-General’s homepage found at http://www.un.org/News/ossg/sg/ . Read the “UN in Brief” at the United Nations website, http://www.un.org/Overview/brief.html. A chart of the UN system can be found at http://www.un.org/aboutun/chart.html.  For information on the Security Council, see http://www.un.org/Docs/scinfo.htm.  European Union’s website, Europa, at http://europa.eu.int/index_en.htm .    European Union’s enlargement website http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/index_en.htm. http://www.un.org/sc/members.asp for current UN Security Council members.  NATO website at http://www.nato.int/.  Turnbull.RegionalismandNationalism.pdf. ASEAN website at http://www.asean.or.id.Economist, "Asia's Never-closer Union," February 6, 2010 (Blackboard Learn as Economist.AsiasNeverCloser.docx).  Economist, "Where There's Smoke," October 30, 2010 (Blackboard Learn as Economist.Haze.docx).Recommended: To follow news from Southeast Asia, consider reading Thailand’s Nation, Singapore’s Straits Times, or Indonesia’s Jakarta Post.http://www.hoover.org/publications/policyreview/3458466.html websites of two prominent INGOs, Oxfam and Medecins sans Frontieres.Recommended: Joseph S. Nye, "NGO's: Global Players with Soft Power," Straits Times (Singapore), 14, Nye.NGOSGlobalPlayersStraitsTimes.pdf).  http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2009/12/09/world/20091209CONGO_index.html?

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ref=multimedia.  Take a look at the UN’s Department of Peacekeeping Operations at http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/dpko/home.shtml . Kissinger.PitfallsofUniversalJurisdiction.pdf).  websites of the IMF (http://www.imf.org) and the World Bank (http://www.worldbank.org).  An anti-globalization website http://www.whirledbank.org/ . WTO at http://www.wto.org.website of the United Nations Development Program at http://www.undp.org.  websites of Amnesty International (http://www.amnesty.org), website of Oxfam at http://www.oxfam.org.uk.

2. LAW OF PROPERTY

Module 1: Introductory1. Concept and meaning of property2. Kinds of property - movable and immovable property - tangible and intangible property,

private and public property, IPR3. Evolution of the law of property in India

Module 2: Transfer of Property1. General Principles of transfer of property – Transfer inter vivos2. What property cannot be transferred: Condition restraining alienation, condition

restraining enjoyment, 3. Vested and contingent interest, condition precedent and condition subsequent 4. Transfer to unborn person and rule against perpetuity.

Module 3::Doctrines 1. Doctrine of election – covenants- transfer by ostensible owner2. Doctrine of feeding the grant by estoppel 3. Doctrine of acquiescence 4. Doctrine of lis pendens and its impact of transfer of property 5. Fraudulent transfer 6. Doctrine of part- performance.

Module 4:: Sale of Immovable Property: 1. Definition of sale of immovable property2. Contract (Agreement) of sale and Agreement to sell, rights and liabilities of seller and

buyer.Module 5: Mortgages

1. Concept of mortgage2. Kinds of mortgages 3. When registration is necessary 4. Rights of mortgagor - right to redeem, clog on redemption, partial redemption, 5. Rights and of mortgagee, right to foreclose or sale, right to sue for mortgage money,

access to mortgaged property, rights of mortgagees in possession, substituted securities, liabilities of a mortgagee in possession

6. Marshalling and contribution 7. Subrogation - legal subrogation and conventional, "redeem up and foreclose down"

Module 6: Leases: 1. Definition of leases

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2. Rights and liabilities of lessor and lessee 3. Kinds of leases. tenancy-at-will, tenancy by-holding-over, tenancy-at-sufferance.

Module 7: Hire Purchases, Leveraged Leases1. Hire Purchase, mortgage and lease2. Leveraged Lease: rights and obligations of a legal owner and beneficial owner –

Reversion of property to beneficial ownerModule 8: Gifts:

1. Definition of gift as a transfer2. Essentials of a gift 3. Kinds of gifts: Onerous gift, conditional gifts 4. Universial donee, donatio mortis causa.

Module 9:: Exchange of Properties and Assignment of actionable claims.1. Exchange of properties in general2. Assignment of actionable claims – concept of factors

Module 9: Easements:: 1. Definition – Prescription and extinguishment of title to property by operation of law 2. Nature and characteristics of easements 3. Acquisition or creation of easements 4. Classification or kinds of easements 5. Termination or determination of easements 6. Difference between easement and licence.

Recommended Readings:1. Mulla, Transfer of Property, Butterworths Publications.2. Subba Rao, GCV, Commentaries on the Transfer of Property Act.3. Krishna Menon, Law of Property.4. Sanjeev Rao, Transper of Property5. Grover, Transfer of Property

3. PRINCIPLES OF TAXATION LAW

Module 1: Introductory:1. Concept of taxation: Quid pro quo and social welfare contewnt2. History of taxation in India 3. Diversity levies by Government: Levies, Tax, Toll, Fee, Charge, Surcharge, Octroi, Cess,

etcModule 2: Constitutional Provisions

1. Arts. 265 to 289 of the Constitution of India 2. Scope of Tax Laws: 3. Capital Receipt and Revenue Receipt distinguished.4. Kinds of Taxes: Direct and Indirect5. Competence to levy tax – issues of constitutionality of a tax6. Doctrine of Non-retroactivity of tax laws7. Doctrine of restrictive interpretation

Module 3:: Direct Tax Laws :

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1. Income Tax Law: Historical out line, Definitions-‘Income’ ‘Agriculture Income’ Previous Year’ and Assessee’ Incidence of Tax and Residential Status. Statutory exemptions (Ss 10 to 13A) classification of Income and Heads of Income (Ss 14 to 59): b. Assessment (Ss.109 to158) Collection and Recovery of Tax (ss19A-234)

2. Double Taxation Relief Clubbing of Incomes Ss50-66).3. Income Tax Authorities, Settlement of cases (S.245). 4. Appeals and Revisions (Ss 246-269) 5. Penalties, offences and prosecution (Ss 270-280).

Module 4:: Wealth Tax Act 1. Definitions of Assets, Net Wealth. Valuation Date Deemed Assets. Exempted Assets.2. Method of tax assessment

Module 5:: Indirect Tax Laws::Central Sales Tax Act. 1956 1. Historical outline2. Definitions3. Detailed study of Ss. 4 to 6A4. Registration of Dealers-Liability in special cases (Ss 16 to 18): 5. Rajasthan Central Sales Tax, 1956

Module 6:: Indirect Tax Laws::Rajasthan Sales Tax ActModule 7:: Value Added Tax

1. Concept and Scope of VAT2. Problems and prospects in its application3. Rajasthan Value Added Tax Act 2003 and its implementation

Module 8: Other Rajasthan Indirect Taxes1. The Rajasthan Entertainment and Advertisements Tax Act, 1957.2. The Rajasthan Electricity (Duty) Act, 19623. The Rajasthan Tax on Entry of Motor Vehicles into Local Areas Act, 1988 4. The Rajasthan Tax on Entry of Goods into local Areas Act, 19995. The Rajasthan Tax on Luxuries (in Hotels and Lodging Houses) Act, 1990.

Recommended Readings:2. Dr. Vinod K. Singhania, Student Guide to Income Tax, Taxman.3. Dr. Vinod K. Singhania, Direct Taxes Law & Practice, Taxman Allied Service Pvt.

Limited.4. Myneni S.R., aw of Taxation, Allahabad Law Series.5. Kailash Rai, Taxation Laws, Allahabad Law Agency.2. Dr. Gurish Ahuja, Systematic Approach to Income Tax, Bharat Law House Pvt. Limited,

Delhi3. V.S. Datey: Law and Practice Central Salkes Tax Act, 2003, Taxman Publications.4. Nani Palkivala: Income Tax, Butterworths Publications.5. Dr. GK Pillai, VAT- A Model for Indian Tax Reforms

4. CLINIC I ON TAX LAWS

Problems on Tax laws

5. PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW

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Module 1: Introduction to International System1. Nature of International Society2. Function of law in international society 3. Minimum order and optimum order functions

Module 2: Public International Law: Introductory Questions1. Is International law Law? 2. Theoretical and practical analysis of functioning of international law. 3. A comparison between international law and municipal law: tenability and usefulness of

the comparison4. Is enforcement critical to ‘legal’ nature of law?

Module 3: Interface of international law with domestic law.1. Theories about the relationship between the two systems of law – Monism, Dualism,

Theories of Coordination2. Interface::

(a) Implementation of International Law through domestic law(b) Impact of domestic law on international law(c) The Indian experience(d) International Courts on domestic law(e) Domestic courts on international law

Module 4: Different branches of international law1. Public and private international law 2. Different branches of international law – lex generalis versus lex specialis

Module 5: Sources of international law 1. Article 38(1) of the Statute of the ICJ 2. Concept of jus cogens : Basic principles of international law3. Law-making bodies on the international plane

Module 6: International Legal Personality 1. Reparations for Injuries case (1949) and the functional approach2. Claims to international personality by

(a) states (b) Individuals and groups (c) Inter-Governmental international organizations (d) Non-governmental international organizations (e) TNCs

Modules 7: State Jurisdiction: Part I, Spatial bases:1. Concept of territory2. Territorial boundaries3. Jurisdiction over the Sea – Law of the Sea, 4. Law of the Air5. Antarctica6. Law of Outer Space7. Law of International Watercourses8. International environmental law

Module 8: State jurisdiction II: functional principles of exercise of jurisdiction

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1. Jurisdictional principles: Territoriality, Nationality, Protective Principle, Passive Personality Principle, Universality

2. International cooperation in exercise of state jurisdiction: Extradition, asylum, double taxation agreements, and International Human rights law.

Module 9: The Law of International Transactions1. The Law of treaties and other international agreements 2. Diplomatic and Consular law

Module 10: International responsibility of states – the work of the International Law CommissionModule 11: Developing countries’ perspectives on international law:

1. Historical experiences2. New International Economic order, 3. New International Information Order, 4. New International Humanitarian Order..

Module 12: Peaceful settlement of international disputes and international litigation: 1. Article 33(1) of the UN Charter – 2. UN and its specialized agencies – ICJ, 3. WTO disputes settlement Mechanisms4. General international arbitration – International commercial arbitration – ICSID

arbitration, Permanent Court of Arbitration, ICAO, ITU-UPU procedures5. ICC

Module 13: Law applicable to armed conflict 1. Issues of Use of force, intervention, aggression 2. Self-defence3. UN Peacekeeping operations4. “Responsibility to protect” or the so-called “Humanitarian intervention”

Module 14: International humanitarian law and International Criminal Law

Leading Cases:1. S.S. Lotus Case2. United Kingdom v. Norway (Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case (ICJ Report (1951) 116))3. Corfu Channel case 91949)4. Genocide Convention case (1950) 5. Civil Air Transport Inc. v. Central Air Transport Corporation, Judicial Committee of the

Privy Council, (1953) AC 70. 6. Nuremberg Judgment – The International Military Tribunal – Nuremberg, 1946 41 AJL

1947, p. 12. (Justice Radha Binod Pal’s dissent in Tokyo Tribunal Judgment)7. Re – Government of India and Mubarak Ali Ahmed 1952. 1 All ER 1960.8. South West Africa Cases, ICJ Report, 1966.9. Right of Passing Over Indian Territory, ICJ Report, 1969 (6).10. Nuclear Weapons case ICJ Reports 199611. Nicaragua case ICJ reports 198612. Right of Passage over Indian Territory case, 1958-196013. Namibia Case 1971

Suggested Readings:

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1. Anand, R. P. Asian States and Development of International Law2. Anand,R. P., Documents on International Law 3. Basu, D.D.: Human Rights in Constitutional Law. 4. Bowett,Derek W., The Law of International Institutions.5. Brownlie, Ian, Principles of Public International Law6. Chandrasekhara Rao, P., The Indian Constitution and International Law 7. ----------------, India’s Maritime Zones.8. Julius Stone, Legal Controls of International Conflicts9. Kelsen, Hans, The Charter of the United Nations10. Mani, V. S. ed., A Handbook of International Humanitarian Law in South Asia (2007)11. Nagendra Singh: India and International Law 12. Oppenheim, L. International Law, Vol. I Parts I and II (1993)13. Patel, Bimal ed., India and International Law. 14. Sinha,: Manoj, International Documents of Human Rights 15. Shastri, Satish, Environmental Law16. Shaw, Malcolm, International Law17. Starke, JG: An Introduction to International Law.

6. TRUST, EQUITY AND FIDUCIARY RELATIONSHIPS

This course is designed to acquaint students with general principles of Equity, Trust and Fiduciary Relations and remedies available under the Law of Equity. The course shall be divided in Three parts: (1) Equity,  (2) Trust and (3) Other Fiduciary Relations.

The Paper shall comprise of the following outline:

Part I : Law of EquityModule 1: Introductory:

1. History of the Law of Equity – Relationship between Common Law and Equity - History of Courts of Equity – Fusion of common law and equity courts (Judicature Acts of 1873 and 1875)

2. Nature and principles of Equity – Substantive and procedural 3. The maxims of equity4. Relation of law and Equity: Codification of the Law of Equity: CPC, 1908 (Injunctions,

attachments, etc), Indian Trusts Act, 1882, Specific Relief Act, 1963 5. The effect of equity on commercial transactions including reservation of title. 6. Equitable remedies 7. Equitable Relief in different branches of law with special reference to property law

Part II: Law of TrustsModule 2: Introductory:

1. Emergence of law of trust from Equity2. The making of Indian Law of Trust3. Categories of Trusts: Express trusts, implied, resulting and constructive trusts, secret

trusts, charitable trusts, non-charitable purpose trusts (including gifts to unincorporated associations), trusts of the family home

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4. Public and Private, Religious Trusts and EndowmentsModule 3: Essentials of Trust 1. Fiduciary Relationship in Trusteeship – trustee and beneficiary, object of trust2. Trust and contract, Power, condition, charge and personal obligations - distinguished5. Appointments, Retirement, removal and discharge of Trustee 6. Rights, Power, Discretion and control of Trustees 7. Disabilities of trustees 8. Duties (including fiduciary) of trustee in relation to :

(a) Trust property; (b) Object of trust and(c) Beneficiary: who is a beneficiary? (d) Duty of care and the exercise of powers of investment, delegation, maintenance

and advancement 9. Rights and Liabilities of beneficiaries 10. The Administration of Trust 11. Extinction of Trust

Module 4: Liability for Breach and Remedies1. Liability for Breach of Trust 2. Rights and Remedies of the Beneficiary

Module 5: Other Fiduciary Relations 1. Constructive trusts : the equitable and fiduciary Relation 2. Interference of civil courts to lay down schemes for governing a Trust under Sections 92

and 93 of the Civil Procedure Code, 1908Module 6: Special Legislation on Equity, Trust and Fiduciary Relation

1. Constitution of India, Article 26 and Schedule 7, Concurrent List, Entry No.10:‘Trust and Trustees’

2. Special legislation: (1) Religious Endowments Act, 1863, (2) Charitable Endowments Act, 1890, (3) Indian Trusts Act 1882, (4) Charitable and Religious Trusts Act, 1920, (5) Rajasthan Public Trusts Act, 1959 (amended by Rajasthan Act No.11 of 2007),

Wakf Act, 1995(6) Deoki Nandan vs Murlidhar on 4 October, 1956: 1957 AIR 133, 1956 SCR 756

3. Common property resources and public trust doctrine: Supreme Court of India in M.C. Mehta vs Kamal Nath & Ors on 12 May, 2000

Part III: Fiduciary RelationsModule 7: Who is a fiduciary?

1. Essential elements:(1) In a position of trust, and (2) Expected always to act in the interests of the other party

2. Difference between commercial relations and fiduciary relations3. Australian Securities and Investments Commission v Citigroup Global Markets

Australia Pty Limited (ACN 113 114 832) (No. 4) [2007] FCA 963 http://www.smh.com.au/pdf/ASICvCitigroup.pdf

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Recommended Readings: 1. Frederick William Maitland’s Lectures on Equity, 1909 (on the web) 2. Snell on Equity3. Hanbury and Martin Modern Equity by Dr J Martin, (17th edition, 2005) Sweet and

Maxwell, London. 4. Hayton and Marshall: Commentary and Cases on the Law of Trusts and Equitable

Remedies, by Professors D. J. Hayton and Mitchell, (12th edition, 2005) Sweet and Maxwell, London.

(1) – Reversal or ruling in Trade Disputes Act, 1906, and founding of British Labour Party

(2) Right to take part in collective bargaining - Crofter Hand Woven Harris Tweed v Veitch [1942] AC 435 - Wilson and Palmer v United Kingdom [2002] ECHR

(3) Issues: Hours of work, conditions of work, health and safety, child labour, minimum wages, right to strike, occupational pension, trade unionism and collective bargaining, non-discrimination, conditions of employment of women, wrongful dismissal, disciplinary action, retrenchment

(4) ILO and international labour standardsModule 3: Evolution of labour Law in India

(1) Workman’s Compensation Act 1923(2) Trade Union Act 1926(3) Payment of Wages Act 1936(4) Employers’ Liability Act 1938(5) Industrial Disputes Act 1947(6) Factories Act 1948

SEMESTER VIII1. Basics of Forensic Sciences 2. Labour Law (Labour welfare Legislation) 3. Environmental Law (Including wild life protection) 4. Law, Science and Technology – Emerging Areas: Law and Medicine,

Cyber Law, Telecommunications Law, etc 5. Law of Carriage (Law of Multimodal Transport (land, air, maritime) 6. Clinic I: Legal Aid and Public interest Litigation

1. BASICS OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LLB 801 FS

Objectives of the Paper

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Forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil and criminal law. You will learn modern forensic methods, and when and how use them methods to solve legal problems.

This Paper will focus on collection and analysis of crime scene evidence, and explore lab analysis techniques, (such as chromatography, DNA analysis, fingerprinting, and hair and footprint analysis). It will also examine forensic issues of authenticity of documents in civil cases

Forensic scientists are also required to testify in court about their methods and analysis of evidence. A lawyer needs to critically examine the scientific expert evidence.

Finally, mock crime scenes will be investigated and real case studies analyzed.

The Paper will assess the use of forensics in both criminal law and civil law situations.

Basics of Forensic Science - Course OutlineModule 1. Introduction

(1) History and Development of Forensic Science(2) Deductive Reasoning(3) Functions of an investigative agency, such as Police (4) Sherlock Holmes, Perry Mason series

Module 2. The Crime Scene(1) Legal Considerations at the Crime Scene(2) Securing and Recording the Crime Scene(3) Evidence Collection, preservation, custody – taking of samples for testing them in

laboratories(4) Crime Scene Photography: Proper Documentation of a Crime Scene(5) Photographic Evidence and Log Recording – Mock Crime Scene Photography(6) Forensic Archaeology and Buried Remains Recovery – issues arising from discovery

of buried dead bodies(7) Case Study(8) Mock Crime Scene: Combine Techniques to Process and Document a Crime Scene

Module 3. Identifying Human Remains(1) Identifying the Body: Human or Nonhuman?(2) Skin Coloration(3) Defensive Wounds and Other Visible Marks(4) Postmortem Lividity(5) Rigor Mortis(6) Processes of Decay(7) Bodies Underwater, other surroundings

Module 4. The Medical Examiner and the Autopsy(1) The Autopsy in History(2) Importance of autopsy in crime solving(3) Reviewing Autopsy Reports

Module 5. Hair, Fiber and Botanical Remains

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(1) Identification and Comparison of Hair(2) Collection and Preservation of Hair Evidence(3) Types of Fibers (dress materials, etc)(4) Identification and Comparison of Manufactured Fibers(5) Collection and Preservation of Fiber Evidence(6) Botanical Remains: Pollen, Seeds, and Other Remains

Module 6. Forensic Toxicology(1) Importance of toxicology – study of toxins and their relation to crime, forgery(2) The Role of the Toxicologist(3) The Significance of Toxicological Findings(4) The Drug Recognition Expert

Module 7. Forensic Serology(1) The Nature of Blood, - human, animal, artificial blood(2) Forensic Characterization of Bloodstains, Stain Patterns of Blood(3) Principles of Heredity(4) Collection of Rape Evidence

Module 8. Tools for forensic investigation(1) Fingerprints (2) Hipnosis(3) Polygraphy(4) Narco Analysis(5) Brain mapping(6) DNA(7) Legality of these tools – Article 20 of the Constitution of India - Cases Studies:

Criminal Law, Civil Law Module 9. Forensic Psychology

(1) Mental Deviance(2) Criminal Profiling(3) Polygraph Analysis

Module 10. Physical Evidence(1) The Significance of Physical Evidence(2) Crime Scene Reconstruction(3) Case Study:

Module 11. Explosives, Firearms and Ballistic Evidence(1) Determining Caliber & Gun Type from Bullets & Shell Casings(2) Determining Weapons Firing from Gunshot Residue(3) Tracing the terrorists through the weapons used – terrorist weapons, devices

Module 12. Forensic Aspects of Arson and Explosion Investigations(1) Searching the Fire Scene(2) Collection and Preservation of Arson Evidence(3) Analysis of Flammable Residues(4) Types of Explosives(5) Collection and Analysis of Explosives

Module 13. Forensic examination of documents(1) Examination of Handwriting (2) Typescript Comparisons

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(3) Inks and Papers(4) Photocopier, Printer, and Fax Examination(5) Alterations, Erasures, and Obliterations(6) Other Documentary Problems(7) Case studies: Priyamvada Birla case, etc.

2. ENVIRONMENTAL LAW (INCLUDING WILD LIFE PROTECTION) LLB 803 EL

Objective: The Paper seeks to inculcate a general awareness of the major problesm of environmental protection in three categories: (1) Protection of the environment, (2) Pollution abatement, and (3) Protection of natural and living resources, and the major legal framework obtaining in the Indian law.

Course Outline

Module 1: General Introduction to Environmental Studies 1. Definition OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES2. Scope and importance 3. Need for public awareness –View of the Supreme Court of India4. Natural resources and associated problems. Renewable and non-renewable

(a) Forest resources : Use and over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies. Timber extraction, mining, dams and their effects on forest and tribal people. (b) Water resources : Use and over-utilization of surface and ground water, floods, drought, conflicts over water, dams-benefits and problems. (c) Mineral resources : Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources, case studies. (d) Food resources : World food problems, changes caused by agriculture and over-grazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water logging, salinity, case studies. (e) Energy resources : Growing energy needs, renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources. Case studies. (f) Land resources : Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion and desertification.

5. Concept of an ecosystem(a) Forest ecosystem (b) Grassland ecosystem (c) Desert ecosystem (d) Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)

6. Biodiversity and its conservation (8 lectures) (a) Introduction – Definition : genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. (b) Value of biodiversity : consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and

option values (c) Biodiversity at global, National and local levels. (d) India as a mega-diversity nation (e) Hot-sports of biodiversity.

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(f) Threats to biodiversity : habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts. (g) Endangered and endemic species of India

Module 2: Protection of the Environment – An Introduction1. Concept of pollution of the environment2. Impact of pollution on natural resources (forest, water, minerals, food energy, Land, air) 3. Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources and protection of the

environment – Constitutional Duty. 4. Equitable use of resources for sustainable lifestyles.5. Historical evolution of the concern for the environment – Ancient wisdom, cultural

prescriptions – recent international developments since 1972.6. Evolution of the Indian laws re. protection of the environments – Indian Fisheries Act

1897, the first since Independence, The Orissa River Pollution Prevention Act, 1954Module 3: Laws relating to Environmental Protection: General

a. Umbrella Legislation: The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, & The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986

b. The Biological Diversity Act, 2002c. Environmental Liability Insurance: The Public Liability Insurance Act and Rules,

1991and Amendment, 1992 d. Disputes Settlement:

i. National Environmental Tribunal Act, 1995 ii. National Environment Appellate Authority Act, 1997 

iii. National Green Tribunal Act, 2010Module 4 : Laws on Prevention or Abatement of Environmental Pollution : Part I

1. Definition and Causes of Pollution2. Types of Pollution:

(a) Air pollution (b) Water pollution (c) Soil pollution (d) Marine pollution (e) Noise pollution (f) Thermal pollution (g) Nuclear hazards

3. Laws applicable to these types of pollution:(a) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act. 1981, amended 1987, Rules 1983,

National Ambience Air Quality Standards – The Factories Act 1948 and Amendment in 1987, Motor Vehicles Act, 1988

(b) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974, amended 2003 and Rules 1975, Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act 1977, amended 1992 and 2003, Rules 1978

(c) Inter-state river disputes: Article 262 of the Constitution of India, 1950, Inter - State River Water Disputes Act, 1956, River Boards Act, 1956,

(d) The law of nuisance and case law(e) Marine Pollution law – Merchant Shipping Act, Coastal Zone Regulations

Notification 1991, amended 1994 & 2001, new notification 2011(f) Nuclear law: Civil Nuclear Liability Act

Module 5: Laws on Prevention or Abatement of Environmental Pollution : Part II

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9. Waste Management : Causes, effects and control measures of urban and industrial wastes. Waste Management Rules under EPA:

(a) The Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 (b) The Manufacture, Storage, and Import of Hazardous Rules, 1989 (c) The Manufacture, Use, Import, Export, and Storage of hazardous Micro-organisms/

Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells Rules, 1989 (d) The Biomedical waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 (e) The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 (f) The Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 (g) The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001 (h) Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides - Disaster

Management Act, 2005

Module 7: Conservation of Natural and Living Resources

1. Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, amended in 1983, 1986 and 1991.2. Indian Forest Act, 1927 and Amendment, 1984, Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980,

amended in 1988.3. Biological Diversity Act, 20024. The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972- Performing Animals Rules, 1973 & Performing

Animals (Registration) Rules, 1972, Transport of Animals Rules, 1978 & 2001, Prevention of Cruelty (Slaughter Houses) Rules, 2000. Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (Establishment and Regulation of Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) Rules 2001. Animal Birth Control (Dogs) Rules, 2001; and Breeding of and Experiments on Animals (Control and Supervision) Rules, 1998 as amended 2001.

Module 8: Contribution of the Indian Judiciary1. Polluter pays principle2. Precautionary principle3. Sustainable development4. Environment impact assessment5. Forests as a public trust6. Compensation/rehabilitation7. Public interest to prevail in case of conflict of interests

Module 9: Man-made environmental disastersBhopal Gas Disaster and legal responses

Recommended Readings1. Jadhav, H & Bhosale, V.M. 1995. Environmental Protection and Laws. Himalaya Pub.

House, Delhi 284 p. 2. Survey of the Environment, The Hindu (M) 3. Townsend C., Harper J, and Michael Begon, Essentials of Ecology, Blackwell Science 4. Trivedi R.K., Handbook of Environmental Laws, Rules Guidelines, Compliances and

Standards, Vol I and II, Enviro Media (R)

3. LAW OF CARRIAGE (LAW OF MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT)

LLB 805 LCR

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Objective of the Paper

Multimodal transport is a recent phenomenon, reflecting the increase and diversification of international trade in goods. While the basic principles of the carriage law remain the same, students need to understand how they apply to different modes of transport – land (roadlines and trains), sea (motor vessels and ships), and aircraft. Where two or more modes are employed, what are the procedures that may facilitate international movements of goods in trade? This is essentially the focus of this Paper.

The UN Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) prepared a draft convention on Multimodal Transport of Goods that was adopted by a UN Conference in 1980. Following this, India enacted its Multimodal Transport Act in 1993, amended in 2000. The basic principles of the law of Carriage will be studied in the light of the new law as well as international developments in international trade law of transportation.

Course Outline

Module 1: Introduction to Law of Multimodal Transport1. Concept of multimodal transport –advantages and disadvantages of considering transport

from the port of origin to the port of destination as one single carriage.2. Basic principles of the law of carriage3. Concept of international contract of carriage of goods (cargo) or passengers

Module 2: International trade law and its codification1. Lex mercatoria (the Law Merchant) – private law principles2. UNCITRAL and codification of the law of multimodal transport

Module 3: Enactment of the Indian Law, 19931. Law of carriage in India

(a) General law: Law of tort, law of contract, Consumer Protection Act(b) Carrier Specific laws: Carriers Act, 1865, Merchant Shipping Act, 1958, Coastal

Vessels Act, 1838, Inland Vessels Act, 1917, Railways Act, 1989 (amended 2008), Carriage by Air Act, 1972

2. Multimodal Transport Act, 1993 (amended 2000) – Statements of objects and reasons.Module 4: Preliminary Provisions in the 1993 Act:

1. Defining “Multimodal Transport”2. “Multimodal Transport Operator” – need for registration3. “Multimodal Transport Contract” – and multimodal transport document4. “Carrier”5. “Goods”6. “Delivery”7. “Taking Charge” of goods

Module 5: Responsibilities and liabilities of a multimodal transport operator1. Basis of liability - including liability for delay2. Limits of liability – and loss of right to limit liability3. Assessment of compensation4. Multimodal Transport Operator’s Lien over goods

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Module 6: Carriage of Dangerous Goods1. 1993 Act2. Motor Vehicle Rules 19893. Aircraft (Carriage of Dangerous Goods) Rules, 2003

Mode 7: Multimodal transport – Implications for Cargo Insurance1. Relation of insurance to liability risk2. Risks in multimodal transport3. Concept of liability limits.

Module 7: Disputes Settlement 1. Limitation of actions2. Jurisdictional issues3. Arbitration

Module 8: Codes and Guidelines1. ESCAP Code of Conduct for freight forwarders, multimodal transport operators and

logistics service providers2. UNCTAD/ICC4 Rules for Multimodal Transport3. UNCTAD Minimum Standards for Shipping Agents, 19884. Specimen of Multimodal transport bill of lading

Module 8: Judicial Contribution to the evolution of the Law of Carriage1. Bhatia Shipping v. Alcobex Metals (English High Court, Commercial Division)2. M.V.Elizabeth & others v. Harwan Investment and Trading Pvt.Ltd) : AIR 1993 SC 10143. MV Free Neptune v. D.L.F. SouthernTowns PVT. LTD: [2011 (1) KLT 904]

4. LAW, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Objective of the Paper

The impact of advances in scientific knowledge and in its application through technology has been immense since the dawn of human civilisation. This has been so in terms of both the liberation of the mind and an enhanced understanding by man of himself and of the universe surrounding him, as well as the improvement of his physical well being. Small wonder, the Constitution of India gives “scientific temper” a special place among the constitutionally ordained duties of every citizen under Article 51-A (h).

The impact of science and technology has been evident in each stage of development of human societies – right from the early Stone Age to this modern age of nuclear, solar, cyber and space technologies. Quite possibly, most ancient civilisations had their share of visionary scientists, of the likes of Aryabhatta, Bharadwaja, Vararuchi Charaka and Susruta. long before a Kepler, a Galileo, a Louis Pasteur, or a Graham Bell was ever born in Europe.

A revolution triggered by James Watt’s steam engine changed the face of the manufacturing processes, and also transport and communication. The inventions and discoveries in metallurgy, chemistry and physics came up with new elements like uranium and plutonium, new varieties of

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explosives and deleterious gases and substances, which could be put to both good (road building, construction activities, mining, medicinal purposes) as well as bad (uses in war, terrorism) uses. Added to this were the advances in atomic physics, which led to nuclear technology and its attendant safety problems, besides of course its wide range of uses, both military as well as civilian. The civilian uses of outer space and their spin-off benefits, advances in the medical and health sciences (including bio-engineering, transplantation of human organs, stem cell research, drugs and pharmaceuticals), and in nanotechnology have thrown up a variety of issues of ethics and morality, and therefore of law and human rights.

The purpose of this Paper is mainly to acquaint the students with the developments in science and technology and their impact on society and instil in their minds a spirit of inquiry into the possible regulatory role of aw.

Course Outline

Module 1: Impact of Science & Technology on Law and Society1. Concept of science & technology as a tool for furtherance of human and social

welfare2. Debates over ‘development’

(a) ‘Quality’ of life: Spiritualism versus Materialism: the need for balancing of values

(b) modernisation, urbanisation, industrialisation3. Positive Role of science & technology in contributing to development of human

being: (a) Material comforts, increase in human capacity in producing goods and services

useful to furthering human welfare both material and spiritual. (b) Food production and preservation(c) Education and expansion of information and human knowledge, (d) Health and personal well-being;(e) Access to modern facilities for diverse communities and peoples

4. Negative Role of Science & Technology(a) Value neutral character of science & technology and the concept of dual use

technologies (laser, nuclear, chemicals, etc.)(b) Impact of unbridled use of science & technology on environment(c) Scientific and technological revolution leading to development of diverse,

increasingly cruel/terror weapons and other means and methods of violence and war

(d) New torture methods, methods of deprivations of human rights5. On-going Revolution in Science & Technology since the 19th century Industrial

Revolution in Europe: New machines, revolution in transport and communications, interpersonal communications, mass communications, electronics-cybernetics-satellite technology, 20th century ‘Second Industrial Revolution, Frontiers of new technologies such as the ocean-bed, the outer space, search for the minutest particle, on-going inquiry into energy cosmology and into the origin and composition of life in universe, cloning of animals and humans

6. Scientific Temper: Positive, non-materialistic impact of Science & Technology (Article 51-A (h) of the Constitution of India)

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(a) Thirst for knowledge, spirit of inquiry(b) Cultural control over scientific progress(c) Rationalism and spirit of reform(d) Humanism – Human centred progress(e) Human welfare orientation in management of Science & Technology(f) Democratic mindset recognising diversity of ideas (the right to freedom of

thought and expression)Module 2: Human Dignity: Some Ethical and Legal Issues

1. Biosciences: Human cloning, foeticide and abortion, in-vitro fertilisation and surrogate parenthood, organ transplantation and sale of human organs, human performance augmenting drugs and technologies (use of steroids in sports, hormones), stem cell research

2. Life-sustaining Technologies: artificial organs, kidney dialysis, life sustaining drugs3. Rights of the Disabled: artificial limbs, mobile wheel chairs, hearing aids,

technologies for barrier-free environment, etc.4. Cyberspace: Computer crimes, pornography online, defamation, communal

disharmony5. Euthanasia: Right to die in peace

Module 3: Health and Medical Law1. Medical Laws:

(a) The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971. (b) Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation and Prevention of Misuse) Act,

1994, amended 2002 (c) Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994 and Rules 1995(d) Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation and Prevention of Misuse) Rules,

1996, amended 2003(e) Consumer Protection Act and Medical Profession

3. Disability Laws: (a) Rehabilitation Council Act of India Act 1992(b) Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, protection of Rights and Full

Participation) Act, 1995(c) National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental

Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999(d) National Policy for Persons with Disabilities

4. Mental Health Act, 1987 5. Other Health Related Laws:

(a) Insecticides Act 1968 and Rules 1971(b) Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 (c) Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989(d) Maternity Benefit Act 1961 and Maternity Benefit (Mines and Circus) Rules,

1961 6. Drug Laws:

(a) Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act 1985 amended 2001 (b) Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 (c) Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 (d) Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act, 1955

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(e) Pharmacy Act, 1948Module 4: Law relating to Food Quality and Standards

1. Food Safety and Standards Act 2006(a) General Principles to be followed in administration of Act.(b) Use of food additive or processing aid.(c) Contaminants, naturally occurring toxic substances, heavy metals, etc.(d) Pesticides, veterinary drugs residues, antibiotic residues and micro-biological

counts.(e) Genetically modified foods, organic foods, functional foods, proprietary foods,

etc.(f) Packaging and labelling of foods.(g) Restrictions on advertisement and prohibition as to unfair trade practices.

7. UN General Assembly Resolution on the Human Right to safe and clean drinking water and sanitation, 2010

Module 5: Law regulating new Agricultural technologies1. New technologies and agriculture2. Green revolution, highs and lows3. Destructive insects and Pests Act, 19144. Intellectual Property in Agriculture (biotechnology, geographical indications,

traditional knowledge)5. Agro-industries and the law

Module 6: Energy Law1. Energy Conservation Act, 2001;2. Electricity Act of 2003; National Electricity Policy, Plan and Tariff Policy; Indian

Electricity Rules of 1956;3. Oilfields (Regulation and Development) Act of 1948, amended 1993, 1998.4. Petroleum and Natural Gas Rules of 19595. Atomic energy Act, 19626. A Law for non-conventional energy technologies?

Module 7: Law of Telecommunications and Cyber Space1. Law of telecommunications:

(a) Indian Telegraph Act, 1885; (b) Indian Wireless Telegraphy Act, 1933;(c) National Telecom Policy of 1994, New Telecom Policy of 1999: (d) Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995(e) Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Act 1997(f) Communication Convergence Bill, 2001

2. Cyberlaw: (a) Information Technology Act, 2000(b) Negotiable Instruments (Amendments and Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 2002.(c) Information Technology (Security Procedure) Rules, 2004(d) Provisions of Criminal and other Laws

3. SATCOM Norms: (a) Satellite Communication Policy in India as approved by Government in 1997

(ISRO Website)

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(b) Norms, guidelines and procedures for implementation of the policy frame-work for satellite communications in India as approved by Government in 2000 (ISRO Website)

4. Air Waves as Public Property: Secretary, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India v. Cricket Association of Bengal; AIR 1995 SC. 1236

5. LABOUR LAW (LABOUR WELFARE LEGISLATION)

Module 1: Concept of Labour Law5. Marxism and the Theory of Surplus value6. Productivity and Welfare7. Equality and Dignity of Man – principle of non-exploitation

Module 2: Historical Evolution8. Contract of employment and Industrial Evolution in UK9. Guild socialism (CEM Joad) and Trade Unionism(7) Taff Vale Railway Co v Amalgamated Society of Railway Servants [1901] UKHL 1(8) Employees State Insurance Act, 1948(9) Minimum Wages 1948(10) Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952.(11) Payment of Wages Act 1965(12) Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972(13) Contract Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1970(14) National Labour Commission 1966(15) Sectoral Laws: Building and Construction Workers Act 1996, Bonded Labour

System (Abolition) Act 1976, Interstate Migrant Workers Act 1979, Dock Workers Act 1986, The Plantation Labour Act 1951, The Transport Workers Act, The Beedi and Cigar Workers Act 1966, The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1986, and The Mine Act 1952, Maternity Benefit Act, Equal Remuneration Act 1976, Unorganised Workers Social Security Act, 2008

Module 4: Labour Law and the Constitution of India(1) Chapter III: Articles 16, 19, 23, & 24.(2) Chapter IV: Article 39, 41, 42, 43, 43A, & 54, Union List Entries 55, 61, & 65; and

Concurrent List Entries 22, 23 & 24.Module 5: Classification of Labour Laws

(1) Laws relating to industrial relations(a) Trade Unions Act(b) Industrial Disputes Act

(2) Laws relating to Wages:(a) Payment of Wages Act(b) Minimum Wages Act

(3) Laws relating to Working Conditions:1. Factories Act 19482. Contract Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1970

(4) Laws relating to equality and empowerment of women(a) Maternity Benefit Act,

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(b) Equal Remuneration Act 1976(5) Laws relating to bonded and child labour

(a) Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act (b) Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act

(6) Laws relating to social security:(a) Workman’s Compensation Act 1923(b) Employees State Insurance Act, 1948(c) Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952(d) Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972(e) Fatal Accidents Act 1855(f) Personal Injuries (Compensation Insurance) Act

1963(g) Unorganised Workers Social Security Act, 2008

Module 6: Globalisation and Labour WelfareSecond National Labour Commission 2002ILO Report on Impact of Globalisation on Labour 1999

6. PIL AND LEGAL AID

Part I : PIL

Module 1: The Concept and Evolution of PIL(1) Access to justice for the poor: Justices PN Bhagwati and V. R. Krishna Iyer(2) Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar, AIR 1979 SC 1360(3) S. P. Gupta v. Union of India, 1981 (Supp) SCC 8(4) Akhil Bharatiya Soshit Karamchari Sangh (Railway) v. Union of India &

Others AIR 1981 SC 298(5) Anil Yadav v. State of Bihar, AIR 1982 SC 1008(6) People’s Union for Democratic Rights v. Union of India, AIR 1982 S.C. 1473(7) D.C.Wadhwa v. State of Bihar, AIR 1987 SC 579(8) Citizen for Democracy v. State of Assam, (1995) 3SCC 743(9) Ashok Kumar Pandey v. State of W. B., (2004) 3 SCC 349(10) Guruvayur Devaswom Managing Commit. And Anr. Vs. C.K. Rajan and Ors, J.T.

2003 (7) S.C. 312Module 2: Constitutional Basis:

(1) Articles 32, 21, 226(2) Judicial review as part of basic structure of the Constitution: Golaknath and

Keshawananda Bharati cases(3) Article 21 and “due process of Law: - From AK Gopalan and ADM Jabalpur ``cases

to Maneka Gandhi case –transition from Emergency

Module 3: Procedural Aspects(1) Access to Court and standing(2) Procedure to initiate proceedings(3) Appointment of Commissioners to investigate and report(4) Amicus Curea(5) Non-Adversarial character – Dr. Upendra Baxi v. State of UP – (1986) 4 SCC 106

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Module 4: Fundamental Rights(1) Issues:

(a) Bonded labour (b) Neglected children(c) Beggars and Beggar Homes(d) Exploitation of casual labourers and non-payment of wages to them (except in

individual cases)(e) Prisoner’s rights and Custodial violence: Hussainara Khatoon v. State of

Bihar, AIR 1979 SC 1360, D.K.Basu v. State of West Bengal(1980)1 SCC 81(f) Matters of harassment or torture of persons belonging to scheduled castes,

scheduled tribes and economically backward classes, either by co-villagers or by police

(g) Petitions from riot victims(h) National emblems(i) Economic Projects and rehabilitation of affected people(j) Footpath dwellers

(2) Ramsharan Autyanuprasi & Another v. Union of India & Others AIR 1989 SC 549Module 5: Environmental Protection

(a) MC Mehta cases(b) The Taj and the Mathura Refinery(c) Motor Vehicle pollution in Delhi(d) Degradation of the Ridge area in Delhi(e) Brick Kilns(f) Aquaculture(g) Forests and wild life as public trust(h) Coastal regulation zone(i) Tanneries, distilleries and other polluting industries (j) maintenance of heritage and culture, antiques

Module 6: Public Accountability1. Darshan & Others (Smt.) V. Union Of India & Ors. On 1 May, 1999, 2000 ACJ 5782. D.K. Basu caase3. Smt. Nilabati Behera v. State Of Orissa And Ors on 24 March, 1993: 1993 AIR 19604. N.Nagendra Rao & Co v. State Of A.P on 6 September, 1994: 1994 AIR 2663, 5. Common Cause vs Union Of India And Others on 4 January, 19966. Common Cause v Union Of India & Ors on 3 August, 19997. Common Cause v. Union Of India & Others on 25 September, 19968. Common Cause A Regd. Society v. Union Of India And Ors on 4 November, 19969. P.V. Narasimha Rao v. State(CBI/Spl) on 17 April, 199810. Vineet Narain & Others v Union Of India & Another on 18 December, 1997

Part II: Legal Aid

Module 7: Legal Aid1. Article 14(3) International Covenant of Civil and Political Rights, 1966.2. Constitutional Provisions: Articles 14, 21, 22(1), 39-A

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3. Advocates Act, 1961 4. Krishna Iyer Committee Report 1973 and Bhagawati Committee Report 19775. Committee for Implementing Legal Aid Schemes, 19806. Law Commission of India, 128th Report on Cost of Litigation, 223rd on the Need for

Ameliorating the Lot of Have-nots (Supreme Court Judgments), 230th on Reforms in Judiciary, 31st on Role of Legal Profession

7. Indian Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, amended 1994 and Constitution (42nd

Amendment) Act, 19878. National Legal Aid Authority – role and functions9. Case law:

(i) Hussainara Khatoon & Ors v. Home Secretary, State Of Bihar Decided on 9 March, 1979: 1979 AIR 1369,

(ii) Madhav Hayawadanrao Hoskot v. State Of Maharashtra Decided on 17 August, 1978: 1978 AIR 1548

(iii) Rangadurai v. D. Gopalan and Ors Decided on 4 October, 1978: 1979 AIR 281(iv) Ranjan Dwivedi v. Union Of India Decided on 26 April, 1983: 1983 SCC (3)

307(v) Supreme Court Legal Aid Committee v. State Of Bihar and Ors. Decided on 4

March, 1991: (1991) 3 SCC 482(vi) Center for Legal Research and Anr. v.. State of Kerala Decided on 2 May, 1986:

AIR 1986 SC 1322(vii) Supreme Court Legal Aid Committee v. State of M.P Decided on 10 May,

1994: 1994 SCC (5) 27(viii) Indian Council Of Legal Aid v. State Of Orissa & Anr Decided on 22 January,

2008(ix) Supreme Court Legal Aid Committee v. Union Of India And Ors. Decided on

10 February, 199: AIR 1989 SC 1278(x) Indian Council Of Legal Aid v. Union of India And Ors. Decided on 8

September, 1998: (2000) 10 SCC 542(xi) Supreme Court Legal Aid Committee v. State Of M.P. And Ors. Decided on 8

September, 1994: AIR 1995 SC 204(xii) Supreme Court Legal Aid Committee v. Union Of India And Ors. Decided on 9

May, 1989: (1989) 4 SCC 738(xiii) Sheela Barse v. State of Maharashtra Decided on 15 February, 1983: 1983 AIR

378Recommended Readings

1. Ahuja, People, Law and Justice: Casebook On Public Interest Litigation, 2 vols, Orient Blackswan, 1997

2. Krishna Iyer, Justice V. R., : Legal aid to the Poor3. Madhava Menon, N.R., Legal Aid and Justice For the Poor4. Muralidhar, S., Law, Poverty and Legal Aid – Access to Criminal Justice; Lexis Nexis

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SEMESTER IX1. Law of Prescriptions and Limitations (Substantive and Procedural)2. Conflict of Laws and International Contracts3. Intellectual Property Law (including IPRs in new technologies such as

Biotechnology) 4. Land and Agricultural Laws 5. Clinic II: Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing 6. Clinic III: Alternate Disputes Resolution: Arbitration, Conciliation, Mediation,

etc.

1. LAW OF PRESCRIPTION AND LIMITATIONPart I: Law of Prescription

Module 1: Ownership to immovable property: Introduction

1. Classification of lands 2. Ownership of Land 3. Absolute and limited ownership (tenancy, lease etc.) 4. Doctrine of Eminent Domain - Dominant and Servient Tenements 5. Doctrine of Escheat6. Ownership and possession7. Lease and licences

Module 2: Prescriptive Rights 1. Concept of ownership/possessory rights by prescription2. Prescription and custom – distinction2. Adverse Possession3. Elements: Nec vi: Actual, nec clan: open and notorious, nec precario: continuously 4. Animus possidendi and actus possessionis: Mohemmed Ali (dead) by L.R.S. v. Jagdish

Kalita and others.(2004)1. SCC 271, 2004 (1) SCCD 242.5. Statutory Timelimits 6. Case Law: Karnataka Board of Wakf v. Govt. of India. (2004) 10 SCC 779: 2004 (3)

SCCD 1390; Chatti Konati Rao & Ors. vs Palle Venkata Subba Rao, CA NO. 6039 OF 2003 decided on 7 December, 2010

Module 3: Easements 1. Definition of easement – Section 25 of Limitation Act, 19632. Easement of necessity, easement by grant: Sree Swayam Prakash Ashramam &

Anr. ...Appellants v. G. Anandavally Amma & Ors. ...Respondents, CA NO.7 OF 2010, decided on January 05, 2010 (SC); Justiniano Antao v. Bernadette B. Pereira: (2005) 1 SCC 471

3. Distinction between Lease and License 4. Easements Act, 18825. Acquisition of property through testamentary succession — Will — Codicil — Capacity

to execute Will — Nature of bequests — Executors of Will — Rights and Obligations of Legatees.

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Part II: Law of Limitation

Module 4: Introductory:

1. Concept of Limitation - Object of limitation 2. General Principles of Limitation 3. Extension of time limit - Condonation of delay - Sufficient Cause: Oriental Aroma

Chemical Industries Ltd. ...Appellant v. Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation ...Respondents and another Civil Appeal No.2075 of 2010 decided on February 26, 2010 (SC).

4. Computation of limitation 5. Acknowledgment and Part-payment 6. Legal Disability 7. Provisions of the Limitation Act, 1963

(a) Bar of limitation(b) Expiry of prescribed period when the court is closed(c) “Sufficient cause” for extension of time limits(d) Effect of legal disability - Exceptions(e) Suit against trustees(f) Section 11: Non-applicability of foreign law of limitation to suits on contracts

instituted in India – See Law Commission of India Report 193 (2005) on Transnational litigation)

(g) Computation of period of limitation(h) Effect of fraud or mistake(i) Effect of acknowledgement in writing(j) Effect of part payment(k) Effect of continuous breach of contract or tort

Module 5:Periods of Limitation1. Suits relating to accounts2. Suits relating to contracts3. Suits relating to declarations4. Suits for setting aside decrees/instruments/contract, suits to set aside transfer of property

of a ward5. Suits relating to immovable property (12 years)6. Suits relating to movable property (3 years)7. Suits relating to torts8. Suits relating to Trusts9. Miscellany and residual suits10. Various appeals/applications to court11. For execution of a decree 12. No stale claim through writ jurisdiction: Aflatoon And Others vs Lt. Governor Of Delhi &

Others on 23 August, 1974: 1974 AIR 2077, 1975 SCR (1) 802

Recommended Readings:

1. The Jersey Law Commission, Consultation Paper on Prescription and Limitation, Consultation Paper No 1/2008/Cp March 2008, http://www.lawcomm.gov.je/update/CP%20-%20Prescription%20and%20Limitation.pdf

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2. Law Commission Of India, 193rd Report on Transnational Litigation – Conflict Of Laws –Law of Limitation, June 2005, http://lawcommissionofindia.nic.in/reports/Report193.pdf

3. Tagore Law Lectures U. N. Mitra's Law of Limitation and Prescription, ed by S.A. Kader, 13th edn, Lexis Nexis, 2011

2. CONFLICT OF LAWS AND INTERNATIONAL CONTRACTS

ObjectiveThe students should understand, and be able to identify, use and evaluate rules, concepts and principles relevant to international contract and cross-border commerce. They should acquire the techniques of legal reasoning and arguments, in oral and written form, specific to this field. Moreover, they should learn to carry out independent research and analysis and to think creatively about legal problems connected to international contracts.

ContentsThe course focuses on the fundamentals of Conflict of Laws or private international law chiefly relevant to international contracts, i.e. questions on jurisdiction, choice of law and recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions. It does dwell - except cursorily – upon personal law conflicts. As an international contract has connections with more than one country, it has to be ascertained in which country's courts an international contractual dispute can be brought. After this question has been settled, it has to be decided which national law applies or if other substantive rules of an international origin apply. Once a judicial or arbitral decision is rendered on the basis of these factors, the third issue will be how to enforece it in the home country of the judgment-creditor or in the country of judgment-debtor. Current developments in this field of law will be examined at the Indian level as well as a global level.

Conflict of Laws (Private International Law) and International Contracts

Module 1: Introductory1. Concept of conflict of laws/private international law2. Application of conflict of laws: Issues:

(a) Jurisdiction of the Court(b) Applicable law(c) Recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments or arbitral awards

Module 2:Choice of Jurisdiction (First Stage)1. Meaning and Bases of Jurisdiction and Limitations2. Kinds of Jurisdiction:

(a) In personam(b) In rem(c) Admiralty Action

3. Stay of Proceedings/Actions4. Assumed Jurisdictions

Module 3: Choice of law - Lex Causes

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1. Connecting Factor - Why Connecting factor?2. Selection of lex causes (determination applicable law)3. Problems in Application of lex causes:

(a) Three meanings of Iex causes.(b) Renvoi- Partial, Total (Foreign Court Theory), constructive(c) Critical Anlysis of Renvoi

4. Leading Cases Collier V. Rivaz. Re Duke of Willington. Bremer V. Freeman, Re. Aske. Re Annesly. Re Ross. Forege’s Case

5. Limitations on application or exclusion on foreign law

Module 4: Law of Property1. Distinction between Movables and Immovables2. Immovables-Let Situs rule- Mocabiquo Rule- exception3. The transfer of tangible movables: applicable law:

(a) Lex domicile, (b) lex situs, Cammell v. Bewell(c) lex actus, (d) proper law

4. Assigmments of Intangible Movables- Kinds of assignments

Module 5: Negotiable InstrumentsNegotiability - What law governs

Module 6: Law of Obligations: Contracts1. Validity of Contracts: Formal Validity, Essential Validity2. Capacity to contract3. Proper Law of contract- Subjective and objective

Module 7: Towards a Uniform Law of International Contracts1. Evolution of Concept of Law Merchant (lex mercatoria)2. Attempts at unification:

A. Hague Conference on Private International Law(i) Convention on the Law Applicable to International Sales of Goods, 19552. Convention on the Law Governing Transfer of Title in International Sales of

Goods, 19583. Convention on the Jurisdiction of the Selected Forum in the Case of

International Sales of Goods, 19584. Convention on the Choice of Court 1965, Convention on the Choice of Court

Agreements, 20055. Convention on the Law Applicable to Contracts for the International Sale of

Goods, 1986 B. Unidroit (International Institute for the Unification of Private Law, Rome)

Instruments: (i) Principles of International Commercial Contracts, 2010

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(ii) Convention on International Financial Leasing 1988(iii) Convention on International Factoring 1988(iv) Principles of International Commercial Contracts, 2004, revised 2010

C. European Instruments: Convention 80/934/ECC on the law applicable to Contractual obligations opened for signature in Rome on 19 June 1980

D. UNCITRAL Instruments:(i) Uniform Rules on Contract Clauses for an Agreed Sum Due upon Failure of

Performance 1983(ii) United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods

(CISG) 1980 (iii) Convention on the Limitation Period in the International Sale of Goods 1974

(iv) United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea - the "Rotterdam Rules" 2008

(v) United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea - the "Hamburg Rules" 1978

(vi) United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts 2005

(vii) UNCITRAL authenticated ICC Uniform Rules for Contract Bonds, 1993.

Module 8: UNIDROIT Principles of International Contract Law (a) The Preamble: purpose(b) “International” contract – international element(c) “Commercial” contract – contract of all economic transactions(d) Unidroit Principles (i) as ‘Rules of Law” chosen by parties, (ii) applicable when no

choice is made, (iii) as tools of interpretation other prevalent uniform rules, (iv) as tools of interpretation of and supplement to domestic law, (v) model law for legislators and (vi) as guide to drafting of contracts

1. General Provisions – freedom of contract, non-requirement of form, pacta sunt servanda, good faith etc.

2. Formation of Contract3. Authority of agent4. Validity – grounds of avoidance, illegality5. Content – obligations (express and implied), cooperation, duty to achieve specific result,

duty as to quality of performance, release of obligations6. Third party rights7. Conditions8. Performance – time element, incremental, part, place, payments and costs, hardship.9. Non-performance: definition, factors conditioning, right to performance, remedies10. Termination11. Damages12. Set-off13. Assignments of rights, transfer of obligations, assignment of contracts14. Plurality of obligors and obligees – nature of obligations (solidary, joint, joint and

several)

Module 9: United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) 1980

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1. Sphere of application – Meaning of contract of sale of goods, interpretation of Convention, place of business, no requirement as to form of contract,

2. Formation of the contract – offer, acceptance,3. Sale of goods

(a) General provisions(b) Obligations of the seller

(i) Delivery of the goods and handing over of documents (ii) Conformity of the goods and third-party claims(iii) Remedies for breach of contract by the seller

(c) Obligations of the buyer(i) Payment of the price(ii) Taking delivery (iii) Remedies for breach of contract by the buyer

(d) Passing of risk(e) Provisions common to the obligations of the seller and of the buyer

(i) Anticipatory breach and instalment contracts(ii) Damages (iii) Interest(iv) Exemptions(v) Effects of avoidance(vi) Preservation of the goods

Module 10: Applicability of Limitation Periods to International Contracts1. Unidroit Principles2. 193rd Report of the Law Commission of India3. UNCITRAL Convention on the Limitation Period in the International Sale of Goods

1974 as amended by the 1980 Protocol

Module 11: Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments and Foreign Arbitral Awards

1. Concept of recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments and awards – comity, to serve the cause of justice, to avoid multiplicity of litigation, to avoid unnecessary expenses.

2. Recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments1. CPC Provisions relating to foreign proceedings:

Section 2(5) & (6), Sections 13, 14, 29, 38, 39, 40, 44-A (3), Explanation I, 45, 77, and 78. Doctrine of forum non conveniens – The Bhopal gas tragedy cases

2. European regulations: (i) The Hague Convention and Supplementary Protocol on The Recognition And

Enforcement Of Foreign Judgments In Civil And Commercial Matters, 1971(ii) The Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements 2005(iii) Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction

and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters - Jurisdiction, recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters (“Brussels I”) Last updated 03.05.2011

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3. Recognition and enforcement of foreign Arbitral Awards(a) Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996: Section 2(1)(f), Part II: New York

Convention (1960) Awards (Sections 44-52) and Geneva Convention (1924) Awards (Sections 53-60).

(b) Issues common to both conventions;(i) Power of judicial authority to refer parties to arbitration(ii) Binding effect of foreign award(iii) Evidence(iv) Conditions for enforcement of foreign award(v) When enforceable, award deemed as a decree (vi) Appealable orders under the Act(vii) Residuary right of enforcement

(c) Case-law:Ruckmaboye v. Lulloobhoy Mottichand (1835) 5 Moore’s Ind App. 234 (268)Muthukanni v. Andappa (AIR 1955 Mad 96(FB))Dickie & Co v. Municipal Board (AIR 1956 Cal 216 at 219)Nabibhati Vazirbhai v. Dayabhai Amulukh, AIR 1916 Bom p.200Bhatia International vs Bulk Trading S. A. & Anr Appeal (civil) 6527 of 2001 Decided by SC on 13 March, 2002M/S. Indtel Technical Services ... vs W.S. Atkins Plc. ARBITRATION APPLICATION No.16 of 2006 Dec decided by SC on 25 August, 2008 `

Books recommended:1. F. E. Noronha , Private international law in India: adequacy of principles in comparison

with common law and civil law systems, Universal Law Publishing, 2010 2. Vandana Singh, K. B. Agrawal, Private International Law in India, Kluwer Law

International, 2010 3. V. C. Govindaraj, The Conflict of Laws in India: Inter-Territorial and Inter-Personal

Conflict, Oxford University Press, 2011 David D. Siegel, Conflicts in a nutshellNutshell series In a Nutshell, 2, reprint West Pub. Co., 1994

4. Peeyushi Diwan, Paras Diwan, Private International Law, Deep & Deep Publication, 2011

5. James Fawcett, Janeen Carruthers and Peter North, Cheshire, North & Fawcett: Private International Law, Fourteenth Edition, Oct 2008, OUP, London.

3. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

Module 1: Concept Of IPRs1. General Description as a “Basket” of exclusive rights labelled as Patents, Trademarks,

Designs and Copyrights2. Cultural Perspective – Western individualism versus Oriental community centred rights3. Right to property – the acquisitive instinct4. Historical perspective on IPRs5. Inventions and innovative steps as distinct from discoveries – Process Patents and

Product Patents

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Module 2: World Trade Organisation (WTO) & IPRs3. Background to WTO:4. From GATT 1948 to GATS (applicable to services) and TRIPS 1994 – from trade in

goods to trade in services, internationalized recognition of special rights, like patent rights

5. WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights 1994 (TRIPS): (a) What is patentable: Article 27(1) of TRIPS:-(b) What is not patentable: (c) Special powers of Government:(d) Enforcement by Governments – Obligation to put in place the necessary laws, and

institutional mechanisms(e) Disputes settlement by the WTO Disputes Settlement Body (DSB)

Module 3: Indian IPR Regime1. Constitution of India and right to ‘property’2. Laws

(a) Indian Copyright Act 1957 – Amendments: 1983, 1984, 1992, 1994 (substantial), 1999 – Rules 1958 and amendments, International Copyright Order 1999

(b) Trade and Merchandise Marks Act, 1958, Trade Marks Act 1999 and Rules 2002 (c) Designs Act, 2000 and Rules 2001(d) Patents Act, 1970 and TRIPS Amendments to Patents Act Amending Act 2005

(India Patent Office, Manual of Patents)(e) Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration & Protection) Act, 1999 and Rules

2002 (f) Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act, 2001and Rules 2003(g) Consumer Protection Act, 1986, Rules 1987, Regulations 2005(h) Biodiversity Act 2002(i) Information Technology Act 2000(j) Semiconductor Integrated Circuits Layout Designs Act 2000 and Rules 2001

3. Institutional Mechanism:(a) Patents, Designs, Trademarks, and Geographical Indications:(b) Copyright

Module 4: IPRs In Pharmaceutical Industry In India1. Need for regulations before independence – Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, Rules 19452. Post-Independence: Issues:-

(a) Trends in Patents in Pharmaceutical Industry – from product patent to process patent to both product and process patent

(b) Abuse of patent rights 3. Current Issues

Module 5: IPR and Biotechnology1. Biodiversity and biotechnology2. Living Organisms and IPR: Plant varieties and living organisms as such excluded from

patenting

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3. Moral/legal debate over stem cell research products, cloning, etc. – UNESCO Declaration on Human Genome

4. Plant patents – IPRs in Agriculture5. EU norms

Select Bibliography:1. Ahuja, V.K., Law Relating to IPRs2. Butterworths, Patent Law relating to Pharma3. FICCI Institute of Intellectual Property Development (Website)4. India Patent Office, Manual of Patent Practice and Procedure, 20085. (Website)6. India Copyright Office, A Hand Book Of Copyright Law (Website)7. Indian Journal of Medical Ethics (Website)8. IPR News-India (Website)9. Intellectual Property Case Law (Website)10. Intellectual Property Rights (Journal: Website)11. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Bulletin at www.indianpatents.org.in12. Kaul, A. K., GATT/WTO13. Kumar Ratnesh, WTO Structures, Functions, Tasks, & Challenges14. Manupatra, Patent Law relating to Bio-Tech15. Narayanan, IPR Case Digest16. P.D. Jose, IPR, Biotechnology and Agriculture: Round Table 2002, IIMB17. Management Review September 2002 (Website)18. Ravinder Jha, “Options for Indian Pharmaceutical Industry in the Changing

Environment,” Economic and Political Weekly, 29 September 2007, 3958-6719. WHO, “Globalisation, TRIPS and Access to Pharmaceuticals” in WHO20. Policy Perspectives on Medicines, No. 3, March 2001 (Website)21. WHO-WTO Joint Study: WTO Agreements and Public Health, 200222. (Website)23. World Intellectual Property Organisation (Website)

4. LAND AND AGRICULTURAL LAWS

Module 1: Introductory1. Classification of Land: Classification in rural areas and in urban areas2. Ownership of Land— Absolute and limited ownership (tenancy, lease etc.) — Doctrine

of Eminent Domain — Doctrine of Escheat - Doctrine of Bona Vacantia 3. Maintenance of land records and issue of Pattas and Title Deeds etc.4. Land revenue system: Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, 1956 and Rules thereunder

Module 2: Land Reforms 1. Situation before independence — Zamindari system 2. After independence: Constitutional Provisions Articles 31A, 31B read with 9 th Schedule,

48 - Effect of inclusion in the IX Schedule of the Constitution - Interpretation of Directive Principles of State Policy- Abolition of Zamindaries, Jagirs and Inams - Conferment of ownership on tenants/Ryots

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3. Rajasthan Land Reforms and Resumption of Jagirs Act, 1952 - Rajasthan Jagir Lands Resumption (Validating) Act, 1957- Rajasthan Jagirdars Compensation and Rehabilitation Grants (Final Order Validation) Act, 1959 - Rajasthan Cash Jagirs Abolition Act, 1958 - Rajasthan Jagir Decisions and Proceedings (Validation) Act,1955 - Rajasthan Jagirdars Debt Reduction Act, 1956

4. Rajasthan Zamindari and Biswadari Abolition Act,19595. Rajasthan Land Reforms and Acquisition of Land-owners' Estates Act, 19636. Laws relating to Ceiling on Land Holdings- Rajasthan Imposition of Ceiling on

Agricultural Holdings Act, 1973 7. Rajasthan Holding Consolidation Operation Validating Act, 19608. Rajasthan Imposition of Ceiling on Agricultural Holdings Act, 19739. Urban Land (Ceiling And Regulation) Act, 1976 (Central Act)

Module 3: Acquisition and Transfer of Land1. Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and Rajasthan Land Acquisition Act, 1953 (Issue of

notifications, Award enquiry, Payment of compensation & Reference to civil courts etc.)2. The Requisitioning and Acquisition of Immovable Property Act, 1952 (Central Act 30 of

1952).3. The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Protection of Rights) Act,

20064. Rajasthan Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorised Occupants) Act, 19645. Rajasthan Lands (Restrictions on Transfer) Act, 1976 - Rajasthan Urban Property

(Restriction of Transfer) Repeal Act, 19786. Registration Act 1908

Module 4: Land Revenue and Land Use1. Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, 1956 - Rajasthan Land Revenue Act, 2003

(a) The Board of Revenue, Revenue Courts and Offices (Sc 4-30) Appeal Reference, Revision and Review (Sc. 74-87); Land (Sc. 88 to 105; Survey (Sc. 100-112)

(b) Record of Rights, Maintenance of maps and record, Annual Registers (Ss. 113-137); Settlement-(Ss. 142-177); Collection or Revenue (Ss. 224 to 257).

2. Rules:(a) Rajasthan Land Revenue (Allotment of unoccupied Government Agriculture Land

for Construction of Schools, Colleges, Dispensaries, Dharamshalas and other buildings of public Utility) Rules, 1963

(b) Rajasthan Land Revenue (Conversion of Agricultural Land for Non-Agricultural Purposes in Rural Areas) Rules, 1992, 2007.

(c) Rajasthan Land Revenue (Allotment, conversion and Regularization of Agricultural Land for Residential and Commercial and Public utility purposes in Urban Areas) (Repeal) Rules, 2001.

(d) Rajasthan Land Revenue (Allotment of waste land for bio-fuel plantation and bio-fuel based Industrial and processing unit) Rules, 2007

(e) Rajasthan Urban Areas (Permission for use of Agricultural Land for Non-agricultural Purposes and Allotment) Rules, 2012

3. Rajasthan Revenue Laws (Extension) Act, 1957 - Rajasthan Land Revenue (Surcharge) Act, 1960

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4. Rajasthan Public Demands, Recovery Act,19525. Rajasthan Land and Buildings Tax Act,19646. Rajasthan Colonization 19547. Rajasthan Bhoodan Yagna Act, 1954 - Rajasthan Gramdan Act,19718. Rajasthan Irrigation and Drainage Act, 1954 9. Rajasthan Refuse (Conversion into Manure) Act, 195110. Rajasthan Urban Improvement Act, 195911. Rajasthan Land Development Corporation Act, 197512. Indian Treasure Trove Act, 1878

Module 5: Landlord and Tenant1. Rajasthan Tenancy Act, 1955

(a) Preliminary: Objects and Reasons, Definition, Khudkasht (Sections to 130,Ijredars, Grove Holder (sections 194 to 205) : Classes of tenants (Section 14 to 17-A) : Conferment of rights on sub-tenants or tenants of Khud Kasht (19), Primary right of tenants (Section 31 to 37) : Surrender Abandonment and Exthinction of tenancies of tenancles (sections 55 to 64). Improvements an Trees (Section 65 to 87): Declaratory Suits (Ss.88 to 92): Determination and Modification of Rent (Sc. 93 to 129): Payment and Recovery of Rent (Sc.130 to 160) : grounds for Ejectment of Tenants Remedies for wrongful ejectment (Sections 169 to 188).

(b) Procedure and Jurisdiction of Courts (Sc.216 to 221). Provision for injunction and appointment of Receiver (Section 212). Appeal, Review, revision (Sc. 222-232): Reference, Question of Proprietary Rights in Revenue Courts (s. 239). Question of Tenancy Right in civil Court (S. 242). Conflict of Jurisdiction (Sec.243).

2. Rajasthan Premises (Control of Rent and Eviction) Act, 1950, amended 1957, 1971.3. Rajasthan Rent Control Act, 2001.4. Rajasthan Settlement Rents Retrospective Application (Validation) Act, 1959

Module 6: Water Law1. Rajasthan State Water Policy 2010

(a) Creation of information system(b) Creation of Central Planning Authority(c) Water resource development projects(d) Creation of Dam Safety Organisation(e) Ground water development(f) Irrigation(g) Water conservation and efficiency of utilisation

2. Rajasthan Farmers Participation in Management of Irrigation Systems Act (2000)3. Rajasthan Soil and Water Conservation Act, 1964 4. Rajasthan Fisheries Act,19535. Wetlands (Conservation and Management) Rules, 2010 (Central)6. Notification Constituting Central Groundwater Authority, 1997 (Central)7. The River Boards Act, 1956 (Central)8. Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956 (Central)

Module 7: Mining Law

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1. Constitution of India, 1950, Seventh Schedule, Entry 54 of the Union List (List-I) and Entry 23 of the State List (List II)

2. Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 - Draft Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Bill, 2011[approved by Cabinet on 30th September 2011] - Mineral Concession Rule, 1960 - Mining Leases (Modification of Terms) Rules, 1956. - Mineral Conservation and Development Rules, 1988 - Granite Conservation and Development Rules, 1999 - Marble Development & Conservation Rules, 2002

3. Oil field (Regulation & Development) Act, 1948, Petroleum & Natural Gas Rules, 19594. Coal Mines (Nationalization) Act, 19735. Rajasthan Mining Settlement Act, 1956 6. Rajasthan Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 1986

Case Law: 1. Prabhu V. Ramdeo,AIR 1966 SC 172. 2. Kanaimal V. Kanhaiya Lal, 1966 RLW 179. 3. Bohra V. Ganesh, 1966 RRD 71 (FB) 1966 RLW. 4. Yasin Shah V. Munir Shah, 1967 RRD 37. 5. Mangi Lal V. Chottu, 1967 RRd 433. 6. Smt. Mulashi V. Ram Lal, 1976 RRD 88.7. Sudarshan Mineral Co. Ltd vs Union Of India & Anr on 13 February, 1975: 1975 AIR

949, 1975 SCR (3) 5478. Uma Paliwal vs Union Of India (Uoi) And Ors. Decided on 29 May, 2002 (Raj HC)

RLW 2003 (2) Raj 11189. Purshottam Lal And Ors. vs Union Of India (UoI) And Ors. on 24 January, 1980: 1980

WLN 184, 1980 WLN 32110. R. Enterprises v. State of U.P. (1999) 9 SCC 700 : (AIR 1999 SC 1867)11. Munna Lal & Ors. vs Heera Lal on 2 February, 2010 Indian Kanoon -

http://indiankanoon.org/doc/173025/Suggested Readings :

1. Babel. B.L., Rajasthan Land Laws (Hindi).2. Dutt, S.K., Tenancy Law in Rajasthan3. Dutt, S.K., Rajasthan Land Revenue Act 4. Datta, S.K., Rent Control in Rajasthan. 5. Karkara, G.S., Rajasthan land Laws(English & Hindi). 6. Shyam Lal Gupta, The Rajasthan Tenancy Act. 7. Suresh Chand H. Mathur, Law of Tenancy in Rajasthan.

5. CLINIC II: DRAFTING, PLEADING AND CONVEYANCING

Module 1: Drafting 1. Drafting – Meaning and Importance - Forms of Drafting: Statutory, Pleading and

Conveyancing– General Rules of Drafting – Principles of Drafting - Important Steps in2. Drafting – Precautions.

Suggested References:1. DK Gupta, A Guide to Conveyancing, Drafting and Deeds, Vol. 1, 2nd Edn – 2005,

Kamal Law House, Kolkata. [ Chapter’s 1,2,3]

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2. NS Bindra, Conveyancing, Vol.1, Delhi Law House, Delhi, 2008 [ Chapter 1]3. Dr. Amit Sen, Leagal Language, Legal Writing and Legal Drafting, 2nd Edn – 2006,

Kamal Law House, Kolkata. [ Chapter 31]4. SR Myneni, Legal Language and Legal Writing, Asia Law House, Hyderabad, 2008

Module 2: Pleadings 1. History and Development of Pleadings in England and India 2. Meaning and Importance3. Functions of Pleadings - Order 6 of CPC - Applicability of Order 6 CPC in Other

Proceedings4. Essentials of Pleading – Particulars of Pleading – Signing and Verification of Pleading 5. Amendment in Pleadings

Suggested References:1. Dr. Amit Sen, Leagal Language, Legal Writing and Legal Drafting, 2nd Edn – 2006,

Kamal Law House, Kolkata. [ Chapter’s 14-18]2. Murali Manohar, Conveyancing and Pleading, 2nd Edn -2004, EBC, Lucknow. [Part II

Chapter’s 1-5]3. KS Gopalakrishnans Pleadings and Practice, ALT Publications, Hyderabad, 2004. [Part I

Chapter’s 1-3, 24]4. MC Agarwal & GC Mogha, Mogha’s Pleading, 17th Edn – 2006, EBC, Lucknow. [Part I

Chapter’s 1-10]5. Dr. SP Gupta, Professional Ethics, Accountancy for Lawyers & Bench–Bar Relations, 2nd

Edn- 2004, Central Law Agency, Allahabad. [ Chapter13]6. GF Harwood, Odgers on Pleadings and Practice, 20th Edn- 1971, Universal Law

Publishing Co. Pvt Ltd., Delhi. [ Chapter 6]

Cases1. Lakshmi Narayan Deo Vasti Temple vs. Narayan F. Marathy (1995) 2 Bom CR 6102. Prabodh Verma vs. State of UP (1984) 4 SCC 2513. Someswer vs. Tribhuban AIR 1934 PC 1304. Narinder Nath vs. Jaswant Singh AIR 1994 P&H 1115. Syed Muhammed vs. Fattah Muhammed ILR 22 Cal. 324 (PC)6. Viswanath vs. Ram Narayan AIR 1940 All 4057. Tika Khawas vs. Pasupathi AIR 1986 Sikk. 68. Motilal vs. Yudhistir AIR 1950 PC 739. Brijlal vs. Parvathy AIR 1982 Del. 11410. Firm Gopal & Co. Ltd vs. Firm Hazarilal AIR 1963 MP 3711. Keshab Rao vs. Chandrabhan AIR 1980 Bom 38012. Onkar Nath vs. Vedvyas 1978 Ren.CR 408 (HP)13. Iyakku Matho vs. Julius Elias Metropolitan AIR 1962 Ker 1914. Rooplal vs. Nachhittar AIR 1982 SC 155915. A K Gupta vs. DVC AIR 1967 SC 96116. G. Nagamma vs. Siromanamma (1996) 2 SCC 25

Module 3: Civil Pleadings - Substantive Aspects and Model Forms 1. Legal Notice

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2. Notice under Sec.80 of CPC3. Plaint (Order 7 of CPC)4. Written Statement (Order 7 of CPC)5. Injunction Application6. Interlocutory Application7. Revision Petition8. Review Petition9. Appeals10. Caveat

Suggested References:1. Justice Thakker, Code of Civil Procedure, 5th Edn – 2007, EBC, Lucknow2. MC Agarwal & GC Mogha, Mogha’s Pleading, 17th Edn – 2006, EBC, Lucknow.3. [Part II]4. KS Gopalakrishnans Pleadings and Practice, ALT Publications, Hyderabad, 2004.5. [Part II]3. Murali Manohar, Conveyancing and Pleading, 2nd Edn -2004, EBC, Lucknow. [ Part

I,II]Cases

1. Phula Devi vs. Mangtu Maharaj AIR 1969 Pat 2842. Jagjiban Das vs. Gunan Bhai AIR 1967 Guj 13. N.Naidu vs. K.Naidu AIR 1969 Mad 3294. N.Naidu vs. K.Naidu AIR 1969 Mad 3295. Jogeshwar vs. Sheopujan AIR 1986 Pat 356. State of Maharatsra vs. Glaxo 1979 Bom CR 3217. Raghunath Das vs. Union of India AIR 1969 SC 6748. State of MP VS. Lajjaram AIR 1961 MP 339

Statutes1. Civil Procedure Code, 19082. Specific Relief Act, 1963

\Module 4: Criminal Pleadings - Substantive Aspects and Model Forms1. Meaning – Criminal Pleadings in India2. Complaint(Sec.2d of Cr PC)3. Maintenance Application (Sec.125 of Cr PC)4. Complaints Under sec.133 of Cr PC5. Application for Bail (Sec.436 of Cr PC)6. Anticipatory Bail (Sec.438 of Cr PC)7. Revision Petition8. Appeals9. Petitions Under 482 of Cr PC

Suggested References:1. KNC Pillai, Lectures on Criminal Procedure, 3rd Edn – 2004, Ashok Law House,

Hyderabad.1. Dr. Amit Sen, Leagal Language, Legal Writing and Legal Drafting, 2nd Edn – 2006,

Kamal Law House, Kolkata. [ Chapter’s 23,26,28]

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2. KS Gopalakrishnans Pleadings and Practice, ALT Publications, Hyderabad, 2004. [ Part II]

Module 5: Other Important Pleadings - Substantive Aspects and Model Forms1. Complaints under Sec.138 of Negotiable Instruments Act2. Petition for Dissolution of Marriage under Indian Divorce Act3. Petition for Dissolution of Marriage under Hindu Marriage Act4. Petition for Divorce under Indian Divorce Act5. Petition for Divorce under Hindu Marriage Act6. Petition under Article 226 of Indian Constitution7. Petition under Article 32 of Indian Constitution

Suggested References:1. MC Agarwal & GC Mogha, Mogha’s Pleading, 17th Edn – 2006, EBC, Lucknow.[Part

II]2. KS Gopalakrishnans Pleadings and Practice, ALT Publications, Hyderabad, 2004.[ Part

II] 3. Murali Manohar, Conveyancing and Pleading, 2nd Edn -2004, EBC, Lucknow. [ Part

I,II]4. Amit Sen, Leagal Language, Legal Writing and Legal Drafting, 2nd Edn – 2006, Kamal

Law House, Kolkata. [ Chapter 27]5. GC Mathur, Shiva Gopal’s Conveyancing, Precedents and Forms, 6th Edn – 2004, EBC,6. Lucknow.[Chapter’s 39,42]7. JN Pandey, Constitutional Law of India, Central Law Agency, 2003

Statutes:1. Negotiable Instruments Act, 18812. Indian Divorce Act, 18693. Hindu Marriage Act, 19554. Constitution of India. 1950

Module 6: Pleadings before International Institutions 1. Institution of a case before International Court of Justice2. Complaint before International Criminal Court3. Complaint before Human Rights Committee5. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women 6. Complaint before UN High Commissioner for Human Rights

Suggested References:1. Statute of International Court of Justice2. Rome Statute of International Criminal Court3. First Optional Protocol to the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights4. Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination against Women7. www.icj-cij.org/documents/index8. www . unhcr .ch/

Module 7: Conveyancing 1. Meaning and Definition of Conveyancing

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2. History and Development of Conveyancing in England and India - 3. Instruments and Deed : Why legal formatting? :

(a) Types of Deeds (b) Components of Each type (c) Capacity to Convey (d) Issues of validity and enforceability

4. Precautions (a) Law on Registration(b) Stamp duty.

Suggested References:1. CR Datta, MN Das, D’ Souza’s Conveyancing, 13th Edn-1999, Eastern Law House, New

Delhi. [Chapter 1]1. NS Bindra, Conveyancing, Vol.1, Delhi Law House, Delhi, 2008 [ Chapter 1]2. DK Gupta, A Guide to Conveyancing, Drafting and Deeds, Vol. 1, 2nd Edn – 2005,

Kamal Law House, Kolkata. [ Chapter 4]3. MT Tijoriwala & SN Vimadalal, Law and Practice of Conveyancing, 4th Edn-2002,

Snow White Publications, Mumbai.[Part I]5. GC Mathur, Shiva Gopal’s Conveyancing, Precedents and Forms, 6th Edn – 2004, EBC,

Lucknow.[Chapter 1]6. Murali Manohar, Conveyancing and Pleading, 2nd Edn -2004, EBC, Lucknow. [Part I

Chapter 1]7. JM Srivastava & MC Agarwal, Mogha’s Indian Conveyancer, 13th Edn – 2004, Eastern

Law House, Calcutta [Part I, II, III]Statutes

1. Registration Act, 19082. Indian Stamp Act, 18993. Indian Contract Act, 18724. Transfer of Property Act, 1882

Module 8: Documents/ Instruments - Substantive Aspects and Model Forms1. Sale Deed2. Mortgage Deed3. Lease Deed, Licence Deed, Tenancy Deed5. Gift Deed6. Partnership Deed7. Promissory Note8. Power of Attorney – general and special9. Will10. Arbitration Agreement/Compromis11. Deed of Assignment of Registered Trade Mark/ Copy Right12. License to use Patent

Cases1. State of Bombay vs. United Motors AIR 1955 SC2. PS Santhi vs. SB Bhagwandas Kripalini AIR 1991 SC3. Sonia Bhatia vs. State of UP AIR 1981 SC 1274

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4. Sakunthala vs. State of Haryana AIR 1979 SC 8435. Sasi vs. Shanker 54 CWN 936

Statutes1. Indian Patents Act, 19702. Trade Marks Act, 19993. Copy Right Act, 19574. Sale of Goods Act, 19306. Transfer of Property Act,18827. Partnership Act, 19328. Indian Succession Act, 19259. Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 199610. Negotiable Instruments Act,1881

Further Readings1. DK Gupta, A Guide to Conveyancing, Drafting and Deeds, Vol. 2- 8 , 2nd Edn – 2005,

Kamal Law House, Kolkata.2. NS Bindra, Conveyancing, Vol.2-7, Delhi Law House, Delhi, 20083. GF Harwood, Orders on Pleadings and Practice, 20th Edn- 1971, Universal Law

Publishing Co. Pvt Ltd., Delhi.4. Rodney D. Ryder, Corporate and Commercial Agreements Drafting Guidelines, Form

and Precedents, Universal Law Publishers, New Delhi 2005.

6. CLINIC III: ALTERNATE DISPUTES RESOLUTION: ARBITRATION, CONCILIATION, MEDIATION, ETC.

Module 1: Alternate Disputes Resolution: Introduction1. Rationale:

(a) Fast and efficient means of settlement(b) Confidentiality in trade matters(c) Expertise of the decision-maker(d) Delay in court system

2. Non-judicial methods versus Judicial Methods3. Negotiation4. Mediation5. Good Offices,6. Conciliation,7. Fact Finding8. Arbitration

Module 2: The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 1. Old Law: Commercial Arbitration: Problems of Court intervention under Arbitration Act

19402. New Law: Based on the work of the UNCITRAL3. Provisions of 1996 Act:

(a) Arbitration: (i) General provisions (ii) Arbitration agreement

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(iii) Arbitral Tribunals (Composition and Jurisdiction)(iv) Conduct of arbitral proceedings-Arbitral awards(v) Termination of Proceedings(vi) Setting aside of arbitral awards.(vii) Enforcement of arbitral awards.

(b) Conciliation: Conciliators-Procedure of Conciliation Relationship of conciliator with parties-Settlement-agreement-Termination of Conciliation Proceedings Resort to Arbitral or Judicial proceedings-Costs and Deposits.

(c) Role of the Court – Interim measures/injuctionsModule 3: Lok Adalats:

(a) Objects, role of Committee for implementation of Legal Aid Schemes (CILAS)

(b) Permanent Conciliatory Centres (c) Legal Services Authorities Act 1987. Functions of National Legal Services

Authority, State Legal Services Authority and District Legal Services Authority, (d) Organisation of Lok Adalat, Jurisdiction, powers and functioning of Lok Adalats

in Rajasthan (e) Procedure for determination of Dispute before the Lok Adalat.

Module 4: International Centres of Mediation, Conciliation and Arbitration:(a) International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (IMF/World Bank,

Washington DC) under ICSID Convention 1965(b) ICC Court of Arbitration, Paris, (c) London Court of Arbitration(d) Singapore International Arbitration Centre (e) AALCO’s Regional Centres for International Commercial Arbitration, Kuala

Lumpur, Cairo, Lagos, & Tehran Caselaw :

1. State of Bihar v. Kameshwar Singh, AIR 1952 SC 252. 2. Vallabhdas meghji v. Cowosji Franeji AIR 1925 Bom. 409. 3. Firm Madanlal Roshanlal Mahajan v. Hukum Chand Mills Ltd.AIR 1967 SC 1030. 4. State Electricity Board, Tamil Nadu v. Sree Meenakshi Mills Ltd, AIR 1957 mad. 139. 5. Food Corporation of India v. M/S Thakur Shipping Co., AIR 1957 SC 469.6. Venture Global Vs. Satyam Computers Services Ltd. and Anr. [AIR 2008 SC 1061] 7. TDM Infrastructure Pvt Ltd v. UE Development India Pvt Ltd [2008 (8) SCALE 576]8. N Radhakrishnan Vs. M/s Maestro Engineers [2009 (13) SCALE 403] 9. The Branch Manager, Magma Leasing and Finance Limited Vs. Potluri Madhavilata

[AIR 2010 SC 488] Max India Ltd Vs. General Binding Corporation [MANU/DE/0626/2009]

10. Infowares v. Equinox Corporation [(2009) 9 SCC 220] 11. Dolphin Drilling Ltd. v. M/s. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd.

[MANU/SC/0120/2010]

Suggested Readings: 1. Sunil Deshta,Lok Adalats in India-Genesis & Functioning. 2. Bakshi,P.M., Arbitration Law. 3. Paruck,P.L., Indian Arbitration Act.

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4. Avtar Singh, Law of Arbitration and Conciliation.5. Kwatra, G.K., Arbitration and Conciliation Law in India, Universal, New Delhi, 7th edn,

20106. Basu, N.D.; Law of Arbitration and Conciliation, Vol. 1, 11 th Ed., Orient Publishing

Company, New Delhi, 2010.7. Markanda, P.C.; Law Relating to Arbitration & Conciliation, 6 th Ed., Wadhwa &

Company Nagpur, 2006.8. Mohta, V.A. & Mohta, Anoop V.; Arbitration, Conciliation & Mediation, 2nd Ed.,

Manupatra, 2008.9. Sethi, Justice R.P.; Commentary on Law of Arbitration & Conciliation, Vol. 2, Ashoka

Law House, New Delhi, 2007.

SEMESTER X1. Optional Seminar Course I:

(a) Criminology and Victimology(b) White Collar Crimes(c) International Criminal Law

2. Optional Seminar Course II: (a) Humanitarian Law and Refugee Law(b) Law of the Sea(c) ILO

3. Optional Seminar III (one to be opted for): (a) Securities and Investment Laws (b) WTO Law (c) Banking Laws (including the Negotiable Instruments Act)

4. Optional Seminar IV (one to be opted for): (a) Local Self-Government & Panchayat Raj(b) Right to Information(c) Gender justice and Femininist Jurisprudence

5. Clinic IV: Advocacy & Professional Ethics

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