B1 seeker ER, Chahal KS, Mason P, Permutt S. The effect of alpha

adrenergic blockade on non-specific airways reactivity and

exercise induced asthma. Eur J Respir Dis 1983; 64 (Suppl 128):

258-264.

Blumenthal MN, McLean JA, Mathews KP, Sheldon JM. Adrenal- pituitary function in bronchial asthma. Arch Intern Med 1966;117:

3 4-38.

Bokoch GM, Katada T, Northup JK, Ui M, Gilman AG. Purification and properties of the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding

regulatory component of adenylate cyclase. J Biol Chem 1984; 259:

3560-3567.

Solli GB, de Feo P, De Cosma S, Psrriello G, Ventura MM,

Calcinaro F, Lolli C, Campbell P, Brunetti P, Gerich JE. Demonstration of a dawn phenomenon in normal human volunteers.

Diaoetes 1984; 33: 1150-1153.

Bolton TB. Mechanisms of action of transmitters and other

substances on smooth muscle. Physiol Rev 1979; 59: 606-718.

Bendy PK. Disorders of the adrenal cortex. In: Wilson JD, Foster

DW, eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. WB Saunders,

Philadelphia, London, Toronto: 1985; 816-890.

237

■ v 1 . . . . i .

Borson DB, Charlin M, Gold BD, Nadel J A . Neural regulation of

^^SO^-macromolecule secretion from tracheal glands of ferrets. J

Appl Physiol 1984? 57: 457-466.

Borson DB, Chinn RA, Davis B , Nadel JA. Adrenergic and cholinergic nerves mediate fluid secretion from tracheal glands

of ferrets. J Appl Physiol 1980? 49: 1027-1031.

Boudoulas H, Lewis RP, Kates RE, Dalamangas G. Hypersensitivity

to adrenergic stimulation after propranolol withdrawal in normal

subjects. Ann Intern Med 1977? 87: 433-436.

Boulet L-P, Latimer KM, Roberts RS, Juniper EF, Cockcroft DW,

Thomson NC, Daniel EE, Hargreave FE. The effect of atropine on allergen-induced increases in bronchial responsiveness to

histamine. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984? 130: 368-372.

Boushey HA, Holtzman MJ, Sheller JR, Nadel JA. Bronchial

hyperreactivity. Am Rev Respir Dis 1980? 121: 389-413.

Boushey HA, Richardson PS, Widdicombe JG. Reflex effects of laryngeal irritation on the pattern o' breathing and total lung

resistance. J Physiol (Lond) 1972? 224: 501-513.

Boye NP, Djoseland 0, Haugen HN. Protein-binding and metabolic clearance of cortisol in asthmatic patients. Scand J Respir Dis

1974? 55: 200-206.

238

Brandenberger G, Fo 11 enius M , Hietter B. Fee back from meal-

related peaks determines diurnal changes in cortisol response to

exercise. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982; 54s 592-596.

Brandenberger G, Follenius M, Muzet A. Interactions between

spontaneous and provoked cortisol secretory episodes in man. J

Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984; 59s 406-411.

Braunwald E. Mechanism of action of calcium-channel-blocking

agents. N Engl J Med 1982; 307s 1618-1627.

British Thoracic and Tuberculosis Association. Inhaled cortico­

steroids compared with oral prednisone in patients starting long­term corticosteroid therapy for asthma. Lancet 1975? iis 469-473.

Brodde O-E, Karad K, Zerkowski H-R, Rohm N, Reidemeister JC. Coexistence of j3l- and ^2-adrenoceptors in human heart and lung.

Br J Pharmacol 1983; 78s 72P.

Brody TM, McNeill JH. Adrenergic receptors for metabolic responses in skeletal and smooth muscles. Fed Proc 1970? 29s

1375-1378.

Brooks SM, McGowan K, Bernstein IL, Altenau P, Peagler J.

Relationship between numbers of beta adrenergic receptors in lymphocytes and disease severity in asthma. J Allergy Clin

Immunol 1979; 63s 401-406.

239

Brown JH, Brown SL. Agonists differentiate muscarinic receptors

that inhibit cyclic AMP formation from those that stimulate phosphoinositide metabolism. J Biol Chem 1984? 259: 3777-3781.

Brown JK, Shields R, Jones C, Gold WM. Augmentation of »(-

adrenergic contractions in the trachealis muscle of living dogs.

J Appl Physiol 1983; 54? 1558-1566.

Browning ET, Brostrom CO, Groppi VE Jr. Altered adenosine cyclic 3',5'-monophosphate synthesis and degradation by C-6 astrocytoma

cells following prolonged exposure to norepinephrine. Mol

Pharmacol 1976; 12: 32-40.

Buckner CK, Clayton DE, Ain-Shoka AA, Busse WW, Dick EC, Shult P.

Parainfluenza 3 infection blocks the ability of a beta

adrenergic receptor agonist to inhibit antigen-induced

contraction of guinea pig isolated airway smooth muscle. J Clin

Invest 1981; 67: 376-384.

Buda AJ, Pinsky MR, Ingels NB, Daughters GT, Stinson EB, Alderman

EL, Effects of intrathoracic pressure on left ventricular

performance. N Engl J Med 1979? 301: 453-459.

Btilbrlng E, den Hertog A. The action of isoprenaline on the smooth muscle of the guinea-pig taenia coli. J Physiol (Lond)

Burnstock G. Purinergic Nerves. Pharmacol Rev 1972; 24s 509-581.

Basse WW. Decreased granulocyte response to isoproterenol in

asthma during upper respiratory infections. Am Rev Respir Dis

1977; 115: 783-791.

Basse WW, Anderson CL, Dick EC, Warshauer D. Reduced granulocyte response to isoproterenol, histamine, and prostaglandin E^, after

in vitro incubation with rhinovirus 16. Am Rev Respir Dis 1980;

122s 641-646.

Basse WW, Lee T-P. Decreased adrenergic responses in lymphocytes and granulocytes in atopic eczema. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1976;

58s 586-596.

Butchers PR, Skidmore IF, Vardey CJ, Wheel don A. Characterization

of the receptor mediating the anti-anaphylactic effects of /3- adrenoceptor agonists in human lung tissue in vitro. Br J

Pharmacol 1980; 71: 663-667 .

Cabezas GA, Graf PD, Nadel JA. Sympathetic versus parasympathetic

nervous regulation of airways in dogs. J Appl Physiol 1971; 31:

651-655.

Cameron AR, Johnston CF, Kirkpatrick CT, Kirkpatrick MCA. The

quest for the inhibitory neurotransmitter in bovine trachea 1

smooth muscle. Q J Exp Physiol 1983; 68: 413-426.

241

k<<i

- A

I .

/

' \

“>•; ' '•V " vi •• ■ ''

K , v■lv '.

Cameron AH, Kirkpatrick CT. A study of excitatory neuromuscular

transmission in the bovine trachea. J Physiol (Lond) 1977? 270:

733-745.

Campbell IA, Dyson AJ. Indoramin - an o( adrenoceptor antagonist

for airway obstruction. Br J Dis Chest 1977? 71s 105-108.

Campbell SC. Effects of a Ipha-adrenergic blockade with

phentolamine on airway function in asthma. Ann Allergy 1982? 49:

135-138.

Carstairs JR, Barnes PJ. Autoradiographic mapping of substance P

receptors in lung. Bur J Pharmacol 1986a? 127: 295-296.

Carstairs JR, Barnes PJ. Visualization of vasoactive intestinal

peptide receptors in human and guinea pig lung. J Pharmacol Exp

Thar 1986b? 239: 249-255.

Carstairs JR, Nimmo AJ, Barnes PJ. Autoradiographic localization

of j3-adrenoceptors in human lung. Eur J Pharmacol 1984? 103: 189-

190.

Carstairs JR, Nimmo AJ, Barnes PJ. Autoradiographic visualization of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes in human lung. Am Rev Respir Dis

1985? 132: 541-547.

242

. IjWD-Tnri,|-riia»~lj*mi" ri- 1

f .; 4 -, / ̂ -

./i ' ■'•-* 's/I ..

\ /• : ^

'c,

i>■ - /

Carswel1 H, Nahorski SR. jg-adrenoceptor heterogeneity in guinea-

pig airways: comparison of functional and receptor labelling

studies. Br J Pharmacol 1983? 79: 965-971.

Gassel D, Sellnger Z. Catecholamine-stimulated GTPase activity in

turkey erythrocyte membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 197 6? 452:

538-551.

Gassel D, Sellnger Z. Mechanism of adenylate cyclase activation

by cholera toxin: Inhibition of GTP hydrolysis at the regulatory

site. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1977? 74: 3307-3311.

Cassel D, Sellnger Z, Mechanism of adenylate cyclase activation

through the -adrenergic receptor; Catechol amine-induced

displacement of bound GDP by GTP. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1978?

75: 4155-4159.

Caster 1 ine CL, Evans R III, Ward GW Jr. The effect of atropine and albuterol aerosols on the human bronchial response to

histamine. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1976? 58: 607-613.

Castro de la Mata R, Penna M, Aviado DM. Reversal of sympathomimetic bronchodi1ation by dichloroisoproterenol. J

Pharmacol Exp Ther 1962? 135: 197-203.

Cauvin C, Meisheri K, Mu«l 1 @r E, Saida K, van Breemen C. Beta-

adrenergic relaxation of smooth muscle and second messengers. Ins

Beta-adrenoceptors in asthma. Morley J ed. Academic Press,

London, Orlando, San Diego, New Yorks 1984, 25-40.

Cavanaugh MJ, Cooper DM. Inhaled atropine sulfates Dose response

characteristics. Am Rev Respir Dis 1976; 114s 517-524.

Cavero I, Lefevre F, Roach AG. Differential effects of prazosin on the pre- and post-synaptic®<-adrenoceptors in the rat and dog.

Br J Pharmacol 1977; 61s 469P.

Chamberlain DA, Muir DCF, Kennedy KP. Atropine methonitrate and

isoprenaline in bronchial asthma. Ldncet 1962; iis 1019-1021.

Chan TM, Blackmore PF, Steiner KI, Exton JH. Effects of

adrenalectomy on hormone action on hepatic glucose metabolism.

Reciprocal change in K - and -adrenergic activation of hepatic g l y c o g e n p h o s p h o r y l a s e and calcium m o b i l i z a t i o n in

adrenalectomized rats. J Biol Chem 1979; 254s 2428-2433.

Chan-Yeung MMW, vyas MN, Grzybowski S. Exercise-induced asthma.

Am Rev Respir Dim 1971; 104; 915-923.

Chen WY, Brenner AM, Weiser PC, Chai H. Atropine and exercise- induced bronchoconstriction. Chest 1981; 79; 651-656.

0 ^ ' :|'

;.V| \ '

■ ■. .',' < rT̂ ** w •W : :

Cheng JB, Goldfien A, Ballard PL, Roberts JM. Glucocorticoids

increase pulmonary j3 -adrenergic receptors in fetal rabbit.

Endocrinology 1980? 107s 1646-1648.

Cheng JB, Town ley RG. Comparison of muscarinic and beta adrenergic receptors between bovine peripheral lung and tracheal

smooth muscles: a striking difference in the receptor

concentration. Life Sci 1982? 30s 207° 2086.

Chesrown BE, Venugopalan CS, Gold WM. In vivo demonstration of

nonadrenergic inhibitory innervation of the guinea pig trachea. J

Clin Invest 1980? 65s 314-320.

Cheung A, Polak JM, Bauer FE, Cadieux A, Christofides ND,

Springal1 DR, Bloom SR. Distribution of galanin immunoreactivity in the respiratory tract of pig, guinea pig, rat, and dog. The ax

1985? 40s 889-896.

Ghevillard C, Pasquier R, Duchene N, Alexandre J-M. Mechanism of inhibition of renin release by clonidine in rats. Eur J Pharmacol

1978? 48s 451-454.

Choo-Kang YFJ, Cooper EJ, Tribe AE, Grant IWB. Beclomethasone dipropionate by inhalation in the treatment of airways

obstruction. Br J Dis Chest 1972? 66s 101-106.

245

. *4 <*v. ..

<■, v-.vv- F

/-I. I/-

Chuang D - M , Costa E. Evidence for internalization of the

recognition site of ^-adrenergic receptors during receptor

subsensitivity induced by (-)-isoproterenol. Proc Natl Acad Sci

OSA 1979; 76: 3024-3028.

Clarke JM, Hamer J, Shelton JR, Taylor S, Venning GR. The rhythm

of the normal human heart. Lancet 1976; ii: 508-512.

Coburn RP, Tomita T. Evidence for nonadrenergic inhibitory nerves

in the guinea pig trachealis muscle. Am J Physiol 1973; 224:

1072-1080.

Cockcroft DW, Berschied BA, Murdock KY. Unimodal distribution of

bronchial responsiveness to inhaled histamine in a random human

population. Chest 1983; 83: 751-754.

Cockcroft S, Gomperts BD. Role of guanine nucleotide binding protein in the activation of polyphosphoinositide phosphodiest­

erase. Nature 1985; 314: 534-536.

Coe Cl, Barnes PJ. Treatment of nocturnal asthma with an inhaled

anti-cholinergic. Thorax 1985; 40: 705-706.

Colebatch HJH, Halmagyi DFJ. effect of vagotomy and vagal stimulation on lung mechanics an: circulation. J Appl Physiol

1963; 18: 881-887.

246

t' ' 1; , : v ■. v'a v1- iX

Coleridge HM, Coleridge JCG, Roberts AM. Rapid shallow breathing

evoked by selective stimulation of airway C fibres in dogs. J Physiol (Lond) 1983? 340: 415-433.

Coles SJ, Neill KH, Reid LM. Potent stimulation of glycoprotein

secretion in canine trachea by substance P. J Appl Physiol 1984?

57: 1323-1327.

Collins J V , Bellamy D , Britton MG, Townsend J, Brown DJ.

Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrena 1 function in intrinsic non-atopic

asthma. Thorax 1975? 30: 578-581.

Cono]ly ME, Greenacre JK. The lymphocytej5-adrenoceptor in normal

subjects and patients with bronch-’ asthma. J Clin Invest 1976? 51: 1307-1316.

Costello JP, Clark TJH. Response of patients receiving high dose

bee1omethasone dipropionate. Thorax 1974? 29: 571-573.

Cox ID, Hughes DTD, McDonnell KA. Ipratropium bromide in patients

with nocturnal asthma. Postgrad Mad J 1984? 60: 52f 528.

Crapo RO, Morris AH, Gardner RM. Spirometric values using techniques *nd equipment that meet ATS recommendations. Am Rev Respir Dis 1981? 123: 659-664.

' * limmm iteatiWf

Cryer PE. Isotope-derivative measurements of plasma norepi­

nephrine and epinephrine in man. Diabetes 1976; 25: 1071-1082.

Cryer PE, Santiago JV, Shah S. Measurement of norepinephrine and

epinephrine in small volumes of human plasma by a single isotope

derivative: response to the upright posture. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1974; 39: 1025-1029.

Curry JJ. Comparative action of acetyl-beta-methyl choline and

histamine on the respiratory tract in normals, patients with hay fever, and subjects with bronchial asthma. J Clin Invest 1947; 26: 430-438.

Cuts E. Neuroendocrine cells of the lung. An overview of

morphologic characteristics and development. Exp Lung Res 1982; 3: 185-208.

Daniel EE, Kannan M, Davis C, Posey-Daniel V. U 1trastructura1

studies on the neuromuscular control of human trachea 1 and bronchial muscle. Respir Physiol 1986; 63: 109-128.

Daughaday WH. The anterior pituitary. In: Wilson JD, Foster DW,

eds. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. WB Saunders, Philadelphia, London, Toronto: 1985; 568-613.

Davies AO, Lefkowitz RJ. Agonist-promoted high affinity state of the ̂ -adrenergic receptor in human neutrophils: Modulation by

corticosteroids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981; 53; 703-708.

Davies AO, Lefkowitz RJ. Corticosteroid-induced differential

regulation of ^-adrenergic receptors in circulating human

polymorphonuclear leukocytes and mononuclear leukocytes, j Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 51: 599-605.

Davies AO, Lefkowitz RJ. In vitro desensitization of beta

adrenergic receptors in human neutrophils. J Clin Invest 19 8 3; 71: 565-571.

Davies CTM, Neil son JMM. Sinus arrhythmia in man at rest. J Appl Physiol 1967; 22: 947-955.

Davis B, Marin M, Fischer S, Graf P, Widdicombe J, Nadel J. New

method for study of canine mucous gland secretion in vivo:

cholinergic regulation. Am Rev Respir Dis 1976; 113 (Suppl): 257.

Davis C, Kannan MS, Jones TR, Daniel EE. Control of human airway smooth muscle: in vitro studies. J Appl Physiol 1982; 53: 1080- 1087.

Davis PB. Autonomic and airway reactivity in obligate

heterozygotes for cystic fibrosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 19 84; 129: 911-914.

249

'■■■a'.' 1 r

:.r

Davis P B , Braunst@in M, Jay C. Decreased adenosine 3 1:5 1 -

monophosphate response to isoproterenol in cystic fibrosis leukocytes. Pediatr Res 1978; 12: 703-707.

Davis PB, Kaliner M. Autonomic nervous system abnormalities in

cystic fibrosis. J Chron Dis 1983; 36: 269-278.

Davis PB, Lieberman P. Normal alpha2-adrenergic responses in

platelets from patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1982; 69s 35-38.

Davis PB, Paget GL, Turi V.(^-Adrenergic responses in asthma. J

Lab Clin Med 1985; 105: 164-169.

Davis PB, Simpson DM, Paget GL, Turi V. Beta-adrenergic responses

in drug-free subjects with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1986;

77, 871-879.

Da Lean A, Jtadel JM, Lefkowitz RJ. A ternary complex model

explains t! e agonist-specific binding properties of the adenylate

cyclase-coup led ^-adrenergic receptor. J Biol Chem 1980; 255:

7108-7117.

De Troyer A, Yernault J-C, Rodenstein D. Effects of vagal

blockade on lung mechanics in normal man. J Appl Physiol 1979;

46: 217-226.

250

- iK ' \-w iwr-f ■> •, ,A-r.

■t

Da Vellis j, Brooker G. Reversal of catecholamine refractoriness by inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis. Science 1974; 186: 1221-1223.

Deal EC Jr, McFadden ER Jr, Ingram RH Jr, Jaeger JJ. Effects of

atropine on potentiation of exercise-induced bronchospasm by cold air. J Appl Physiol 1978; 45: 238-243.

Dey RD, Shannon WA Jr, Said SI. Localization of VIP-

immunoreactive nerves : * fays and pulmonary vessels of dogs,cats, and human subjects. C e • Tissue Res 1981; 220: 231-238.

Diamond L, O'Donnell M. ? ■ iranergic vagal inhibitory pathwayto feline airways. Science l u d O f 208: 185-188.

Diamond L, Szarek JL, Gillespie MN, Altiere Rj. in vivo

bronchodilator activity c£ vasoactive intestinal peptide in the eat. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983; 128: 827-832.

Dixon WJ, Jennrich R. Stepwise Regression. In: Dixon WJ ed.BMDP

Statistical Software. University of California Frees, Berkeley: 1981, 251-263.

Doidge JM, Satchel 1 DG. Adrenergic and non-adrenergic inhibitory nerves in mammalian airways. J Auton Nerv Syst 1982; 5: 83-99.

Douglas NJ. Asthma at night. Clin Chest Med 1985; 6: 663-674.

Doxey JC, Smith CFG, Walker JM. Selectivity of blocking agents

for pre- and postsynaptic »(-adrenoceptors. Br J Pharmacol 1977;

60$ 91-96.

Durham SR, Carroll M, Walsh GM, Kay AB. Leukocyte activation in allergen-induced late-phase asthmatic reactions. N Engl J Med

1984; 311$ 1398-1402.

Ebden P, Jenkins A, Houston G, Davies BH. Comparison of two high

dose corticosteroid aerosol treatments, bee 1omethasone

dipropionate (1500/Ug/day) and budesonid 3 (1600/ug/day), for

Chronic asthma. Thorax 1986; 41$ 869-874.

lekberg DL. Human sinus arrhythmia as an index of vagal cailiac

outflow. J Appl Physiol 1983; 54$ 961-966.

Idstrom H, Choslovsky S, cherniack RM. The effect of lung volume

on the ventilatory response to C02 during resistive loading in

normal subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis 1976; 114$ 761-766.

-Bermani A-WI. Pulmonary noradrenergic innervation of rat and

monkey; a comparative study. Thorax 197 8; 33$ 167-174.

1-Refai MF, Blackmore PF, Exton JH. Evidence for t w o K -

adrenergic binding sites in liver plasma membranes. Studies with (3H)epinephrine and (3H)dihydrosrgocryptine. J Biol Cham 1979;

234$ 4375-4386.

252

X'T

Empey DW, Laitinen LA, Jacobs L, Gold WM, Nadel J P Mechanisms of

bronchial hyperreactivity in normal subjects after upper

respiratory tract infection. Am P.ev Respir Die 197 6; 113: 131-

139.

Engel G. Subclasses of beta-adrenoceptors - a quantitative

estimation of betal- and beta2-adrenoceptors in guinea pig and

human lung. Postgrad Med J 1981; 5 7 (Suppl 1): 7 7-83.

Eppinger H, Hess L. Vagotonia: A Clinica] Study in Vegetative Neurology. Nervous and Mental Disease Co. Lancaster,

Pennsylvania, 1917.

iriksson-Lihr Z. The function of the suprarenal cortex in

allergic diseases. Acta Paediatr 1951; 40 (Suppl 83): 116-120.

Everitt BJ, Cairncross KD. Adrenergic receptors in the guinea-pig

trachea. J Pharm Pharmacol 1969; 21: 97-102.

Ewing DJ. Cardiovascular reflexes and autonomic neuropathy. Clin

iel 1978; 55: 321-327.

Ewing DJ, Borsey DQ, Bella.ere P, Clarke BF. Cardiac autonomic neuropathy in diabetes: Comparison of measures of R-R interval

variation. Diabetologia 1981; 21: 18-24.

Exton JH. Molecular mechanisms involved in °{-adran©rgic

responses. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1982; 3: 111-115.

Exton JH, Friedman N, Wong E H-A, Brineaux JP, Corbin JD, Park

Cl. Interaction of glucocorticoids with glucagon and epinephrine

in the control of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in liver and

of lipolysis in adipose tissue. J Biol Cham 1972; 247: 3579-358 8.

Fain JN, Shepherd RE. Free fatty acids as feedback regulators of adenylate cyclase and cyclic 31:5'-AMP accumulation in rat fat

cells. J Biol Cham 1975; 250: 6586-6592.

Fairfax AJ, McNabb WR, Davies HJ, Spiro SG. Slow-release oral salbutamo1 and aminophy11 ine in nocturnal asthma: relation of

overnight changes in lung function and plasma drug levels. Thorax

1910; 35: 526-530.

Falliers CJ, Cardoso RRdeA, Bane HN, Coffey R, Middleton E Jr.

Discordant allergic manifestations in monozygotic twins: Genetic identity versus clinical, physiologic, and biochemical

differences. J Allergy 1971; 47: 207-219.

Farrell PA, Garthwaite TL, Gustafson AB. Plasma

adrenocorticotropin and cortisol responses to submaxima 1 and

exhaustive exercise. J Appl Physiol 1983; 55: 1441-1444.

254

Feldman RD, Limbird LE, Nadeau J, Robertson D, Wood AJJ. Alterations in leukocyte ̂ -receptor affinity with aging. N Engl

J Med 1984; 310s 815-819.

Finkelstein JW, Roffwarg HP, Boyar RM, Kream J, Heilman L. Age- related change in the twenty-four-hour spontaneous secretion of

growth hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972; 35s 665-670.

Fireman P, Palm CR, Friday GA, Drash AL. Metabolic responses to epinephrine in asthmatic, eczematous and normal subjects. J

Allergy 1970; 45s 117.

Fish JE, Rosenthal RR, Summer WR, Menkes H, Norman PS, Permutt S. The effect of atropine on acute antigen-mediated airway constriction in subjects with allergic asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis

1977; 115; 371-379.

Fisher HK, Holton P, Buxton R StJ, Nadel JA. Resistance to breathing during exercise-induced asthma attacks. Am Rev Respir

Dis 1970; 101; 885-896.

Fitzgerald GA, Barnes P, Hamilton CA, Dollery CT. Circulating adrenaline and blood pressures the metabolic effects and kinetics of infused adrenaline in man. Eur J Clin Invest 1980;

10: 401-406.

255

.it7

' /,

Fitzgerald RS, Robotham JL, Anand A. Baroreceptor output during

normal and obstructed breathing and Mueller maneuvers. Am J Physiol 1981? 240: H721-H729.

Flavahan NA, Aarhus LL, Rimele TJ, Vanhoutte PM. Respiratory

epithelium inhibits bronchial smooth muscle tone. J Appl physiol

1985? 58: 834-838.

Plelsch JH, Maling HM, Brodie BB. Evidence for existence of alpha-adrenergic receptors in the mammalian trachea. Am J Physiol

1970? 218: 596-599.

flower RJ, Blackwell GJ. Anti-inflammatory steroids induce biosynthesis of a phospho1ipase A2 inhibitor which prevents

prostaglandin generation. Nature 1979? 278: 456-459.

Fortuin NJ, Weiss JL. Exercise stress testing. Circulation 1977?

56: 699-712.

Foster PS, Goldie RG, Paterson JW. Effect of steroids on p- adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation of pig bronchus. Br J Pharmacol

1983? 78: 441-445.

Foster RW. A note on the electrically transmurally stimulated

isolated trachea of the guinea-pig. J Pharm Pharmacol 1964? 16:

Foster RW. The nature of the adrenergic receptors of the trachea

of the guinea-pig. J Pharm Pharmacol 1966; 18s 1-12.

Foster SJ, Harden TK. Dexamethasone increases p -adrenoceptor

density in human astrocytoma cells Biochem Pharmacol 1980; 29s2151-2153.

Fouad FM, Tarazi RC, Ferrario CM, Fighaly S, Alicandri C.

Assessment of parasympathetic control of heart rate by a

noninvasive method. Am J Physiol 1984; 246s H838-H842.

Francis RS. Long-term beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol therapy in juvenile asthma. Thorax 1976; 31s 309-314.

Frandsen IK, Krishna GA, Said SI. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide promotes cyclic adenosine 3 1, 5 '-monophosphate

accumulation in guinea-pig trachea. Br J Pharmacol 1978; 62s 367-

369.

Frank!in TO, Morris WP, Twose PA. Desensitization of beta

adrenergic receptors in human fibroblasts in tissue culture. Mol

Pharmacol 1975; 11s 485-491.

Fraser CM, Venter JC. The synthesis of ̂ -adrenergic receptors in

cultured human lung cellss induction by glucocorticoids. Biochem

ilophys Res Commun 1980; 94s 390-"97.

Fraser CM, Venter JC, Kaliner M. Auto... -ic abnormalities and autoantibodies to beta-adrenergic receptors. N Engl J Med 1981; 305; 1165-1170.

Fregly MJ, Thrasher T n . response of heart rate to acute

administration of isoproterenol in rats treated chronically with norethynodrel, ethinyl estradiol and both combined. Endocrinology 1977; 100: 148-154.

Frlesen H, Tolls G, Shiu R, Hwang P. Studies on human prolactin.

Chemistry radioreceptor assay and clinical significance. In:

Human Prolactin. Pasteels JL, Robyn C , eds. Excerpta Medica/American Elsevier, Amsterdam: 1973; 11-23.

Frigo GM, Del Tacca M, Lecchini S, Crema A. Some observations on

the intrinsic nervous mechanism in Hirschsprung's disease. Gut 1973; 14: 35-40.

Fuller RW, Dixon CMS, Dollery CT, Barnes PJ. Prostaglandin D2

potentiates airway responsiveness to histamine and methachollne. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 133: 252-254.

Furchgott RF, Wakade TD, Sorace RA, Stollak JS. Occurrence of both JB1 and J32 receptors in guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle,

and variation of the 1: 2 ratio in different animals. Fed Proc 1975; 34: 794.

258

Gaddis J, Legge JS, Petrie G, Palmer KNV. The effect of an alpha- adrsnergic receptor blocking drug on histamine sensitivity in

bronchial asthma. Br J Dis Chest 1972? 66: 141-146.

Galant SP, Allred S, Griffiths R. Characterization of adenylate cyclase activity in asthmatic neutrophil sonicates. Am Rev Respir

Dis 1980a; 122: 231-238.

Gal ant SP, Duriseti L, Underwood S, Allred S, Insel PA. Beta

xergic receptors of polymorphonuclear particulates in

• xial asthma. J Clin Invest 1980b? 65: 577-585.

isa.ant SP, Durisetti L, Underwood S, Insel PA. Decreased beta-

adrenergic receptors on polymorphonuclear leukocytes after

adrenergic therapy. N Engl J Med 1978? 29 9: 933-936.

Galbo H. The hormonal response to exercise. Diabetes Metab Rev

1986? 1: 385-408.

Galbo H, Christensen NJ, Mikines KJ, Sonne B, Hilsted J, Hagen C,

Pahrenkrug J. The effect of fasting on the hormonal response to graded exercise. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981? 52: 1106-1112.

Gaultier C, Reinberg A, Girard F. Circadian rhythms in lung

resistance and dynamic lung compliance of healthy children. Effects of two bronchodi1ators. Respir Physiol 1977? 31: 169-182.

Geddes BA, Jones TR, Dvorsky RJ, lefcoe NM. Interaction of glucocorticoids and bronchodilators on isolated guinea picj

tracheal and human bronchial smooth muscle. Am Rev Respir Dis

1974; 110: 420-427.

German VF, Ueki IF, h’adel JA. Micropipette measurement of airway

submucosal gland secretion: Laryngeal reflex. Am Rev Respir Dis

1960; 122: 413-416.

Gershon MD, Thompson EC. The maturation of neuromuscular function in a multiply innervated structure: Development of the longitudinal smooth muscle of the foetal mammalian gut and its cholinergic excitatory, adrenergic inhibitory ..nd non-adrenergic

inhibitory innervation. J Physiol (Lond) 1973; 234: 257-277.

Gil-Ad I, Topper E, Laron Z. Oral clonidine as a growth hormone

stimulation test. Lancet 1979; ii: 278-280.

Gilman AG. Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins and

dual control of adenylate cyclase. J Clin Invest 1984; 73: 1-4.

Giudice11i Y, Pecquery R. ^-Adrenergic receptors and cate­cholamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase in rat fat-cell membranes: Influence of growth, cell size and aging. Eur J Biochem 1978; 90:

Glaubiger G, Lefkowitz R J. Elevated beta-adrenergic receptor number a f t e r c h r o n ic p r o p r a n o l o l t r e a t m e n t . Blochem B io p h ye R e .

Commun 1977? 78$ 7 2 U -7 2 5 .

Glaubigar G , T.al BS, L a £ k o » i t z RJ. C h r o n i c g u a n . t h l d i n e

t r a a t m s n t I n c r a a . . . c a r d i a c p - a d r e n e r g i c r e c e p t o r s . N a tu r e 1 9 7 8 ,

273 : 2 4 0 -2 4 2 . *

G o d f r e y S , KOnig 9 . T r e a t m e n t o f c h i l d h o o d a s th m a f o r 13 m o n t h ,

a n d l o n g e r w i t h b a c l o m a t h a s o n e d i p r o p i o n a t e a e r o s o l . A ro h D is

C h i l d 1974? 49: 5 9 1 -5 9 6 .

Goldberg R, Joffa B I , Barsohn t, van As M, Krut l , saftal s c .

Metabolic ..pen... to selective p-adren.rgic stimulation in man.

P o s tg r a d Med J 1975? 51: 5 3 -5 8 .

G o ld e n JA , N a d e l JA, B o u .h e y HA. B r o n c h ia l h y p e r i r r i t a b i l i t y i n

h e a l t h y . u b j e c t . a f t e r e x p o s u re t o o zo n e . Am Rev R e s p i r Dim 1978?

118 : 2 8 7 -2 9 4 .

G o l d i e RG, p . p a d i m i t r l o u J M , P a t e r s o n JW, R ig b y P J , S e l f HM,

s p in a D. i n f l u e n c e o f t h e e p i t h e l i u m on r e . p o n . i v . n . . . o f g u i n e a -

p i g i s o l a t e d t r a c h e a t o c o n t r a c t i l e and r e l a x a n t a g o n i . M . Br J

Pharmacol 1986? 87: 5 -1 4 .

G o l d i e R G, P a t e r s o n J W , S p i n a D , W a l e JL. C l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f /S- a d r e n o c e p t o r s i n h u m a n i s o l a t e d b r o n c h u s . B r J P u a r n a c o l 1 9 8 4 ;

81s 6 1 1 - 6 1 5 .

G o l d i e RG, P a t e x s o n J W, W a l e JL. A c o m p a r a t i v e s t u d y o f jS a d r e n o c e p t o r s i n h u m a n a n d p o r c i n e l u n g p a r e n c h y m a s t r i p . B r J P h a r m a c o l 1982; 76: 5 23-526.

G o l d m a n HI, B e c k l a k e M R. R e s p i r a t o r y f u n c t i o n t e s t s . N o r m a l v a l u e s a t m e d i a n a l t i t u d e s a n d t h e p r e d i c t i o n o f n o r m a l r e s u l t s . A m R e v T u b e r c P u l m D i s 1959; 79: 4 57 -4 67 .

G o l d s t e i n D E , Kdfnig P. E f f e c t o f i n h a l e d b e c l o m e t h a s o n e d i p r o p i o n a t e o n h y p o t h a l a m i c - p i t u i t a r y - a d r e n a l a x i s f u n c t i o n in c h i l d r e n w i t h a s t h m a . P e d i a t r s 1933; 72: 60-64.

G r a n d o r d y B M , C u s s F M , S a m p s o n A S , P a l m e r J B , B a r n e s P J .p h o s p h a t i d y l i n o s i t o ] r e s p o n s e t o c h o l i n e r g i c a g o n i s t s i n a i r w a y s m o o t h m u s c l e : R e l a t i o n s h i p t o c o n t r a c t i o n a n d m u s c a r i n i cr e c e p t o r o c c u p a n c y . J P h a r m a c o l E x p T h e r 1986; 238: 2 7 3 - 2 7 9 .

G r i e c o MH, P i e r s o n FJSI Jr. M e c h a n i s m o f b r o n c h o c o n s t r i c t i o n d u e tob e t a a d r e n e r g i c b l o c k a d e . S t u d i e s w i t h p r a c t o l o l , p r o p r a n o l o l a n d a t r o p i n e . J A l l e r g y C l i n I m m u n o l 1971; 48: 1 43 -1 52 .

G r i f f i n J P, K a m b u r o f f PL, P r i m e F J , A r b a b AG. L e t t e r . L a n c e t

Griffith. J, L.ung FY, Grzybowski S, Chan-Yaung MW. Saguantial a.timatlon of pla.ma catecholamines in exercise-induced asthma.

C h e s t 1972; 62; 5 27 -533.

Grille M A , N a d e l JA. Vital staining of tracheal ganglia.

Physiologist 1 9 8 0 ; 1 78 ; 77.

G r o s s G N, S o u h i a d a J F, F a r r FIS. T h e l o n g t e r m t r e a t m e n t o f a nasthmatic patient using phentolamine. Chest 1974; 66; 397 -4 01 .

G r o s s NJ. S c h 1000; A n e w a n t i c h o l i n e r g i c b r o n c h o d i l a t o r . A m R e v

Ra.pir D ie 1975; 112; 8 23 -8 27 .

Gross N J , Skorodin M S . Anticholinergic, antimuscarinic

b r o n c h o d i l a t o r s . A m R e v R e . p i r D i . 1984, 129, 8 5 6 - 8 7 0 .

G r o s s m a n A, B o u l o u x P, P r i c e P, O r u r y PL, L a m K S L , T u r n e r T, T h o m . . J, » . . « G H , S u t t o n J. Th. t o l . o f o p i o i d p . p t i d « 1» t h . h o r m o n a l r . e p o n . e . t o a c u t e a x a r o i . . i n m a n . C l i n S c i 1 9 8 4 , 67:

4 8 3 - 4 9 1 .

G r u n d . t r O m N . And.r . , o n R G G , w i k b . r g J E S . I n h i b i t i o n o f t h . e x c i t a t o r y n o n - . d r a n . r g l c , n o n - c h o l i n . r g i c n . u r o t r . n . m i a . i o n of t h . g u i n e a p ig t r . c h . o - b r o n c h i a l t r . e m . d i . t . d b y ° < 2 - . d r . n o c . D t o r . . A c t a P h a r m a c o l T o x i c o l (KBh) 198,'

G u i r g i s H M , M c N e i l l RS. T h e n a t u r e o f t h e a d r e n e r g i c r e c e p t o r s i n i s o l a t e d h u m a n b r o n c h i . T h o - a x 1969; 24; 6 13 - 6 1 5 .

G u y t o n AC. E l e c t r o c a r d i o g r a p h i c i n t e r p r e t a t i o n o f c a r d i a c

a r r h y t h m i a s . I n ; T ex tb o o k o f M e d ic a l P h y s i o l o g y . WB Saunders Co .,

P h i l a d e l p h i a , London, T o r o n to : 1981a; 1 97 -2 03 .

G u y to n AC. T h e a u t o n o m ic n e r v o u s s y s te m ; The a d r e n a l m e d u l l a .

T e x t b o o k o f M e d i c a l P h y s i o l o g y . WS S a u n d e r s Co; P h i l a d e l p h i a ,

London, T o r o n to ; 1981b, 7 10 -7 22 .

H a h n H L , W i l s o n AG, G r a f PD, F i s c h e r SP, N a d e l JA. I n t e r a c t i o n b e t w e e n s e r o t o n i n a n d e f f e r e n t v a g u s n e r v e s .n d o g Jun gs . J A p p l

P h y s i o l 1978; 44; 144-149.

H a k a n s o n R , S u n d l e r F , M o g h in z a d e h E , L e a n d e r S. P e p t i d e -

c o n t a i n i n g n e r v e f i b r e s i n t h e a i r w a y s ; d i s t r i b u t i o n a n d

f u n c t i o n a l i m p l i c a t i o n s . B u r J R e s p i r D i s 1 9 8 3 ; 6 4 (S u p p l 131);

1 1 5 - 1 4 0 .

Hama.akl Y, Mojarad M, Said SI. Relaxant action of VIP on catp u l m o n a r y a r t e r y ; c o m p a r i s o n w i t h a c e t y l c h o l i n e i s o p r o t e r e n o l , a n d PGE]_. J A p p l P h y s i o l 1983; 54; 1 6 0 7 - 1 6 1 1 .

H a m m e r R, G i a c h e t t i A. M u s c a r i n i c r e c e p t o r s u b t y p e s : M l a n d M 2 biochemical a n d f u n c t i o n a l c h a r a c t e r i z a t i o n . L i f e S c i 198 2; 31;

2 9 9 1 - 2 9 9 8 .

Hans.n AP. Th* .ffact of adr.n.rgic r.captor blockad. on th. axaroi.a-inducad aarum growth hormone ris. In normals andjuvenile diabetics. J Clin E n d o c r i n o l Metab 1971; 33: 807-812.

H a r d e n TK. A g o n i s t - i n d u c e d d e s e n s i t i z a t i o n o f t h e ^ - a d r e n e r g i c

r e c e p t o r - l i n k e d a d e n y l a t e c y c l a s e . P h a r m a c o l R e v 1983; 35: 5-32.

Bar den TK, Cotton CO, Waldo GL, Lutton JK, Perkins J P .Catechol amine-induced alteration i n s e d i m e n t a t i o n b e h a v i o r o f

m « m b c a n « bound p - . d r . n . r g i o r . c p t o r s . S c i . n a . 1980, 210, 441-

443.

H . r d a n T K , T a n n e r L I , M a r t i n M W , H a k a h a t a » , H u g h e . A B , H e p l e r J B , E v a n . T, M a s t e r s SB, B r o w n JH. c h . r a o t . r l . t i o . o f t w o b i o c h e m i c a l r e . p o n . . . t o . t i m u l . t i o n o f m u . o a r i n i o c h o l i n e r g i c r e c e p t o r s . T r e n d . P h a r m a c o l S c i 1986, (Suppl), 14-18.

H a r r i s D M . P r o p e r t i e s a n d t h e r a p e u t i c u s e . o f s o m e c o r t i o o - s t e r o l d . w i t h e n h a n c e d t o p i c a l p o t e n c y . J S t e r o i d B l o c h . m 1975,

6 1 711-716.

Harri. M S , G o o d m a n E M . Hyper-reactivity to atropine in D o w n ' s syndrome. N Engl J Med 1968; 279, 407.410.

H a r t l e y JPB , D a v i e . BH. C h o l i n e r g i c b l o c k a d e i n t h . p r e v e n t i o n o f .xerci.. - i n d u c e d a s t h m a . T h o r a x 1980, 35, 680-685.

265

. : "t t ..,

H a r t l e y JPR, D a v i e . CJ, C h a r l e . TJ, H o n i . RDH, H o g r . d y SG, W i n . e n H O . P I . . . a c y c l i c n u c l e o t i d e l e v e l , i n exercise-induced a . t h m a .

T h o r a x 1 9 8 1 ; 36: 8 2 3 - 8 2 7 .

H a e e g a e a M , T o w n l e y RG. D i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n l u n g a n d . p l . e n s u . c e p t i b i l i t y of b e t a - a d r e n e r g i c r e c e p t o r , t o d . e e n . i t i . a t i o n b y t e r b u t a l i n e . J A l l e r g y C l i n I m m u n o l 1983; 71; 230-238.

H a s h l m o t o T, H i r a t a M, I t o Y. A r o l e f o r I n o s i t o l 1 , 4 , 5 - t r i s -

p h o s p h a t e i n t h e i n i t i a t i o n o f a g c n i . t - i n d u c . d c o n t r a c t i o n , o f d o g t r a c h e a l r o o o t h m u . c l e . B r J P h a r m a c o l 1 98 5; 86; 1 9 1 - 1 9 9 .

H e n d e r s o n H R , S h . l h . m . r R e i n g o l d DB, S m i t h L J , E v a n . R III,K a l i n e r H. A l p h a - a d r e n e r g i c h y p e r - r e . p o n . i v e n . . . i n a . t h m a . A n a l y c i . o f v a s c u l a r a n d p u p i l l a - y r e s p o n s e . . N E n g l J M e d

197. / 300: 6 42 -647.

H e n s l e y MJ, o ' c a i n CP, M c P . d d e n E R Jr, I n g r a m R H Jr. D i s t r i b u t i o n o f bronchodil.t a t i o n i n n o r m a l s u b j e c t s ; b e t a a g o n i s t v e r s u s

a t r o p i n e . J A p p l p h y s i o l 1978; 45; 7 7 8 - 7 8 2 .

Herxh.imer B. Atropine cigarette, in asthma and emphysema. B r M e d

J 1 9 5 9 ; 2: 1 6 7 - 1 7 1 .

t % . l M R , C l a r k T J H . c o m p a r l . o n o f n o r m a l a n d a . t h m . t l cc i r c a d i a n r h y t h m s in p e a k e x p i r a t o r y f l o w rate. T h o r a x 1980; 35:

7 3 2 - 7 3 8 .

6"", ^ '

!66

MR, C l a r k TJH, H ouston K. P h y s i o l o g i c a l p a t t e r n s i n e a r l y

m o r n i n g a s t h m a . T h o r a x 1977? 32: 4 1 8 - 4 2 3 .

H i i a . b r . n a t J D , O d i n . J, R o . e n t h . l W , S u n y . r T, l y n a . r R, B i r n b a u m . r L . P r o p . r t i . . o f h u m .n . r y t h r o c y t . H s and R v t h .

r e g u l a t o r y o o m p o n .n t . o f . d . n y l . t e c y o l . . . , . • p u r i f i a d w i t h o u t

r e g u l a t o r y l i g . n d . . M v C y c l i c H u c l a o t i d . P r o t e i n p h o . p h o r y l . t i o n

Res 1 9 8 5 ? 19: 8 7 - 1 0 1 .

H i r . t a F . T h . r e g u l a t i o n o f l i p o m o d u l i n , a p h o . p h o l i p a a .

i n h i b i t o r y p r o t e i n , i n r a b b i t n e u t r o p h i l , b y p h o e p h o r y l a t io n . J

B i o l C h e m 1981? 256: 7 7 3 0 - 7 7 3 3 .

H i r . t a P, M o l r o d J. P h o . p h o l i p i d m e t h y l . t i o n a n d b i o l o g i c a l

s i g n a l t r a n s m is s io n . S c i e n c e 1980, 209, 1 0 8 2 - 1 0 9 0 .

H i r . t a F, A x e l r o d J, C r e w s F T . C o n c u n a v a l i n A s t i m u l a t e s p h o s p h o l i p i d m e t h y l . t i o n a n d p h o . p h . t i d y l . e r i n . d e c a r b o x y l a t i o n i n r a t m a s t c e l l s . P r o o N a t l A c a d S o l U S A 1979, 76, 4 8 1 3 - 4 8 1 6 .

H i r . t a F, S c h i f f m a n n E, v e n k a t a . u b r a m . n i . n K, S a l o m o n D, A x e l r o d J. A p h o . p h o lipase A 2 i n h i b i t o r y p r o t e i n i n r a b b i t n e u t r o p h i l , i n d u c e d b y g l u c o c o r t i c o i d s . P r o c N a t l A c a d S c i U S A 1 9 8 0 , 77,

2 5 3 3 - 2 5 3 6 .

HO B - J , S u t h e r l a n d EW. F o r m a t i o n a n d r e l e a s e o f a horm one

a n t a g o n i s t by ra: a d ip o c y te s . J B i o l Chem 1971, 246, 6822-6827.

ii:.

HcJfrnsn BB, L . E k o w l M BJ. A l p h . - a d i e n . E 9 l c E . n e p t o n . u b t y p e . . NE n g l J M e d 1980? 302s 1 3 9 0 - 1 3 9 6 .

H o k i n MR, H o k i n IE. e f f e c t , o f a c e t y l c h o l i n e o n p h o . p h o l l p l d . e i n t h e p a n c t e ? J B i o l C h . m 1954, 209, 5 49 -5 58 .

H o l y a t e S T , B a l d w i n CJ, T.tt.E,f i e l d AE. p - A d r . n . r , i = a g o n i . t r e s i s t a n c e i n n o r m a l h u m a n a i r w a y s . L a n c e t 1977, 11, 3 75 -3 77 .

H o l m e . T H , M o r g a n B A , W o o l f C R . T h e e f f e c t o f d i s o d i u m c r o m o g l y c a t e on p l a s m a 1 7 - h y d r o x y c o r t i c o i d c o n c e n t r a t i o n d u r i n g e x e r c i s e . A m R e v R e s p l r D i e 1972, 106, 6 10 -6 13 .

H o l t . . a n Mil, C u n n i n g h a m J H , s h . l l . r JR, I r s i g l . r = • , x a d . l J A, B o u s h e y HA. E f f e c t o f c o n . o n b r o n c h i a l r e a c t i v i t y i n a t o p i c a n d n o n , t o p i c s u b j e c t s . A m R e v R e s p l r D i e 1979, 120, 1 0 5 9 - 1 0 6 7 .

R o l t . m a n M J , P . b b r i L M , o ' B y r n . P M , G o l d B D , A i . a w a ,. W a l t e r .

S B , A l p . r t SE, N a d . 1 JA. I m p o r t a n c e o f a i r w a y i n f l a m m a t i o n f o r h y p . r r e . p o n . i v e n e s s i n d u c e d b y o z o n e . A m R e v R e s p l r D i . 1 9 8 3 ,

127s 6 8 6 - 6 9 0 .

H o I t z m a n M J , H a h n HL, S a s a k i K, S k o o g h B - E , G r a f PD, P . b b r i L M , H a d s l J A . S e l e c t i v e e f f e c t o f g e n e r a l a n e s t h e t i c s o n r e f l e x b r o n c h o c o n . t r i c t o r r e s p o n s e , i n d o g s . J A p p l P h y s i o l 1 9 8 2 , 53,

H o lta m a n MJ, S h a l l . , JK, D lm .o H, N a d . l JA, Bouahay BA. E f f e c t o f

g a n g l i o n i c b l o c k e d , on b r o n c h i a l r e a c t i v i t y i n a t o p i c . a b j e c t . .

Am Rev Respir Dim 1930? 122s 17-25.

Homey C J , G rah am RM. M o l e c u l a r e h . r a c t e r i r a t i o n o f a d r e n e r g i c

receptors. Circ Res 1985? 50: 635-650,

H o rn b ro o k KR. A d r e n e r g ic r e c e p t o r , f o r m e t a b o l i c r e s p o n . e . i n t h e

liver. Fed Proc 1970? 29s 1381-1387.

H o r t o n D J , S u d a W L , K i n . m a n R A , S o u h r a d a J , S p e c t o r S L. m r o n o h o c o n . t r i c t i v e . u g g e . t l o n i n a . t h m a , A r o l e f o r a i r w a y , h y p e r r e a c t i v i t y a n d e m o t i o n , . A m R e v R e . p i r D i . 1978? 117, 1 0 2 9 -

1038.

H u g h e . J M , , e a l . J P , T e m p l e D M . B f f . c t o f f . n o t . r o l o n i m m u n o l o g i c a l r e l e a . e o f l e u k o t r i e n e . a n d h i . t a m l n e f r o m h u m a n l u n g i n v i t r o , . e l e c t i v e a n t a g o n i s m b y ^ - a d r e n o c e p t o rantagonists. Bur J Pharm acol 1983? 95: 239-245.

Hui KKP, Conolly ME, Tashkin DP. Reversal of human lymphocyte/B- a d r e n o c e p t o r d a . a n . i t i z . t i o n b y g l u c o c o r t i c o i d . . C l i n P h a r m a c o l

Ther 1982? 32: 566-571.

H u m p h r e y . M H , R e i d 1A. E f f e c t , o f c l o n i d l n . o n g l u c o . e a n d p h o . p h . t e m . t . b o l i.m i n t h e a n e . t h . t i . e d d o g . a Pharmacol E x p

Ther 1979? 208: 243-247.

I i z u k » H, o h k a w a r a a. E f f e c t , o f g l u c o c o r t i c o i d , o n t h . b . t a - a d r a n e r g i c a d e n y l a t e c y c l a . e , y , t e m o f p i g , k i n . J m v a . t

D e r m a t o l 1983; 80s 5 24 -528.

I m u r « H, K a t o y i Iked. ». M o r i m o t o », v w a t . M. E f f e c t o f a d r e n e r g i c b l o c k i n g o r . t i m u l a t i n g a g e n t , o n p l a a m a g r o w t h h o r m o n e , i m m u n o r e . c t l v . i n . u l i n a n d b l o o d f r e e f a t t y a c i d l e v e l ,

i n man. J C l i n I n v e s t 1971; 50; 1 06 9 - 1 0 7 9 .

l n a M , B a r n e s P J , B r o w n « J , D o l l . r y CT. P l a . m . h i . t a m i n e c o n c e n t r a t i o n d u r i n g p r o p . n o l o l i n d u c e d b r o n c h o c o n . t r i c t i o n .

T h o r a x 1 9 8 5a ; 40: 9 03 -9 09 .

I n d P W , B a r n . , PC, D u r h a m 6R, K a y XB. v r o p r a n o l o l - i n d u c . d b r o n c h o c o n . t r i c t i o n i n a . t h m a , b . t . - r . c . p t o r b l o c k a d e a n dm e d i a t o r r e l e a s e , k m R e v R e . p i r D » 1984, 129 (Suppl). *10.

I;..d P«, B r o w n MJ, B a r n . , PJ. Sympathoadrenal r e . pen... i n a.thma.

T h o r a x 19 8 3? 38: 7 0 2 .

i n d P W , C . u a o n R C , B r o w n M J , B a r n . . P J . C i r c u l a t i n g

c a t e c h o l a m i n e , i n a c u t e a . t h m a . B r M e d J 1985b, 290, 2 67 -2 69 .

I n g r a m R H J r , W e l l m a n J d , H c F . d d . n = R J r , M e a d 0. R e l a t i v e c o n t r i b u t i o n , o f l a r g e a n d e m a i l a i r w a y , t o f l o w l i m i t a t i o n in n o r m a l . u b j . c t . b e f o r e a n d a f t e r a t r o p i n e a n d i . o p r o t . r . n o l . J

C l i n I n v e s t 1977? 59: 6 9 6 - 7 0 3 .

Inoua S. Effects of epinephrine on asthmatic children. J Allergy

1967; 40: 337-347.

Irvin CG, Boileau R, Tremblay J, Martin RR, Macklem PT. Bronchodllatation, Nonchollnergic, nonadren.rgic mediationdemonstrated in vivo in the cat. Science 1980; 207: 791-792.

Ito Y, Tak.da K. Non-adr.n.rgic inhibitory nerves and p'cativj transmitters in . smooth mn.cl. of cat trachea. „ ^y.iol

(bond) 1982; 330: 497-511.

Jaffa P, KSnlg P, Ij.auol. 0, Walker S, Go-lfr.y S. B.lation.hip hetw.an plasma cortisol and peak expiratory flow rat. In exercise-induced asthma and the effect of sodium croeoplyoete.

Clin Sci 1973; 45: 533-541.

jakobs KH, Aktories K, Schultz 3. Mechanisms and components involved in adenylate cyclase inhibition by hormones. Adv CyclicNucleotide Protein Phosphorylation Res 1984; 17: 135-143.

Joffe BI, Shire. R, r.amprey JM, Kalk WJ, Both. A, Hait.s B, B.ftel HC. Nifedipine does not imnair the hormonal re.pcnse. to graded exercise in healthy subjects. Horm Res 1985; 21: 88-94.

m

5,ds!$E:F ;'>vr

' f iiiiiii iiiiiiiflL —

J v ,Ar..^

.'"'4,

Johnson GL, Wolfe BB, Harden TK, Molinoff PB, Perkins JP. Role of jS-adrenerglc receptors in catechol amine-induced desensinzation

of adenylate cyclase in human astrocytoma cells. J Biol Chem

1978; 253s 1472-1480.

Jordan AW. Changes in ovarian ̂ -adrenergic receptors during the

sstrous cycle of the rat. Biol Reprod 1981? 24: 245-248.

Joseph SK. Inositol triphosphates an intracellular messenger

produced by Ca2+ mobilizing hormones. Trends Biochem Sci 1984? 9s

420-421.

Joseph SK, Thomas AP, Williams RJ, Irvine RF, Williamson JR. Myo­inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate. A second messenger for the hormonal

2+ in liver. J Biol Chem 19 8 4?mobilization of intracellular Ca

259s 3077-3081.

Kafka MS, Wirz-Justice A, Naber D, Moore RY, Benedito MA. Circadian rhythms in rat brain neurotransmitter receptors. Fed

Proc 1983? 42s 2796-2801.

Kajiyama H, Obara K, Nomura Y, Segawa T. The increase of cardiac

jjl-subtypa of ̂ -adrenergic receptors in adult rats following

neonatal 6-hydroxydopa treatment. Bur J Pharmacol 1982? 77s 75

77.

272

'(SSSiC

. ?

* .

; ji -

Kakiuchi S, Rail TW. The influence of chemical agents on the accumulation of adenosine 3 ',5 '-phosphate in slices of rabbitcerebellum. Mol Pharmacol 1968? 4s 367-378.

Kaliner M. The cholinergic nervous system and Immediate hypersensitivity. I. Eccrine sweat responses in allergic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1976? 58: 308-315.

Kaliner M, Shelhamer JH, Davis PB, Smith LJ, Venter JC. Autonomic nervous system abnormalities and allergy. Ann Intern Med 1982?

96s 349-357.

K.ll.nbaoh J, Joff. BI, Zwd S, Seftel HC. M.t.bollc and cardiovascular effaces of aalbutamol in atopic subjects with and Without asthma. Scand J Respir Dis 1979? 60: 44-48.

Kariman K, L.fkowitz RJ. Decreased beta-adrenergic receptor binding in lymphocytes from patients with bronchial asthma. Clin

Res 1977? 25: 503A.

Karl.son J-A, per..on CCA. Effect, of ETC, and tachykinin, in dissected human .mall airways. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985, 131. A586.

Katada T, Bokoch CM, Horthup JK, Ui H, Gilman AG. The inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory component of adenylate cyclase. Properties and function of the purified protein. J Biol Chem 1984? 259: 3568-3577.

Katada T, Ui M. Is let-activating protein. A modifier of receptor-

mediated regulation of rat islet adenylate cyclase. J Biol Cham

1981? 256: 8310-8317.

Katona PG, Jih P. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia, noninvasivemeasure of parasympathetic cardiac control. J Appl Physiol 1975?

Katona PG, Poitras JW, Barnett GO, Terry BS. Cardiac vagal

efferent activity and heart period in the carotid sinus reflex.

Am J Physiol 1970? 218: 1030-1037.

Kaum.nn AJ. Potentiation of the effects of isoprenaline and no r a d r e n a l i n e by hydrocortisone in cat heart muscle. Nauryn

Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 1972? 273: 134-153.

Kelley TP. Improved method of microtitration of fatty acids. Anal

Cham 1965? 37: 1078-1079.

Kempson S, Marinetti GV, Shaw A. Hormone action at the membrane level. VII. Stimulation of dihydroalpre olol binding to beta- adrenergic receptors in Isolated rat heart ventricle slices by triiodothyronine and thyroxine. Biochim Biophy. Acta 1978? 540,

Kent RS, D. L.an A, L.fkowitz RJ. A quantitative analyaia ofbeta-adrenergic receptor interactions: resolution of high and low affinity states of the receptor by computer modeling of ligand

binding data. Mol Pharmacol 1980; 17: 14-23.

Kerr HD. Diurnal variation of respiratory function independent ofa i r q u a l i t y . E x p e r i e n c e w i t h a n environmentally c o n t r o l l e d

exposure chamber for human subjects. Arch Environ Health 1973,

26: 144-152.

K.rr JW, Govindaraj M, Patel KR. Effect of alpha-rec.ptor blocking drugs and disodium cromoglycate on histamine hypersensitivity in bronchial asthma. Br Med J 1970; 2: 139-141.

K e r r e b i j n KF. B e c l o m e t h a s o n e d i p r o p i o n a t e i n l o n g - t e r m t r e a t m e n t of a s t h m a in children. J P e d i a t r 1976; 89: 821-826.

Kerrick WOL, Hoar PE. Inhibition of smooth muscle tension bycyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. Nature 1981; 292: 253-255.

Kersten W. The role of SchlOOO MDI in preventing a rise in total airways resistance (Rt) Induced by Inhaled allergen in patients with atopic asthma. Postgrad Med J 1975, 51 (Suppl 7), 103.

Kirkpatrick GT. Nervous control of airways muscle tone. Bull Eur physiopathol Respir 1934; 20: 389-394.

Klyingi KS, Anderson SD, Temple DM, Shaw J. Beta-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol and bronchial responsiveness to a

number of bronchial provocation tests in non-asthmatic subjects.

Eur J Respir Die 1985; 66: 256-267.

Klein R, Waldman D, Kershnar H, Berger W, Coulson A, Katz RM,

Mchelefsky GS, Siegel SC. Treatment of chronic childhood asthma with beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol: I. A double-blind

crossover trial in nonsteroid-dependent patients. Pediatrics

1977? 60: 7-13.

Kneussl MP, Richardson JB. Alpha-adrenergic receptors in human

and canine tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle. J Appl Physiol

1978? 45$ 307-311.

Knowles M , Murray G , Shallal J, Askin F, Ranga V, Gatzy J, Boucher R. Bioelectric properties and ion flow across excised

human bronchi. J Appl Physiol 1984? 56: 868-877.

Knudson RJ, Slatin RC, Lebowitz MD, Burrows B. The maximal expiratory flow volume curve. Normal standards, variability and

effects of age. Am Rev Respir Dis 1976? 113: 587—600.

Kostreva DR, Zuparku EJ, Hess GL, Coon RL, Kampine JP. Pulmonary

afferent activity recorded from sympathetic nervei J Appl

Eroeger EA, Marshall JM, Bianchi CP. Effect of Isoproterenol and

D-600 on calcium movements in rat myometrium. J Pharmacol Exp

Ther 1975? 193: 309-316.

K u m a r L, M i k l i c h DR, M o r r i s HG. P l a z m a 17-OH c o r t i c o s t e r o i d

c o n c e n t r a t i o n s i n c h i l d r e n w i t h a s t h m a . J P e d i a t r 1971; 79: 955-

962.

Kunos G. The h e p a t i c 1-adrenoceptor. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1984?

5: 380-383.

Kunos G, Hirata F, Ishac EJN, Tchakarov L. Time-dependent conversion of «<1- to/3-adrenoceptor-mediated glycogenolysis in

isolated rat liver cells: Role of membrane phospholipase A2. Proc

Natl Acad Sci USA 1984? 81: 6178-6182.

Kunos G, Kunos I, Hirata F, Ishac EJN. Adrenergic receptors:p o s s i b l e m e c h a n i s m of i n v e r s e r e g u l a t i o n o f of- a n d ^ - r e c e p t o r s . J A l l e r g y C l i n I m m u n o l 1985? 76 (Suppl): 346-351.

K u n o s G, s z e n t i v a n y i M. Evidence f a v o u r i n g the existence o f a s i n g l e a d r e n e r g i c r e c e p t o r . N a t u r e 1968? 217: 1077-1078.

Kurosawa M, Nemoto T, Kobayashi S. Insulin release bytrimetoquinol in normal and asthmatic subjets. Ann Allergy 1980?

Laitinsn A. U 1 trastructural organization of intraepithelial

nerves in the human airway tract. Thorax 1985; 40: 488-492.

Laitinen A, Partanen M, Hervonen A, Laitinen LA. Electron microscopic study on the innervation of the human lover

respiratory tract: evidence of adrenergic nerves. Eur J Respir

Dis 1985a; 67: 209-215.

L a i t i n e n A, P a r t a n e n M, H e r v o n e n A, P e l t o - H u i k k o M, L a i t i n e n LA V I P l i k e i m m u n o r e a c t i v e n e r v e s i n h u m a n r e s p i r a t o r y t r a c t . H i s t o c h e m i s t r y 1985b; 82: 313-319.

Laitinen LA. Histamine and methacholine. challenge in the testing

of bronchial reactivity. Scand J Respir Dis 1974; Suppl 86: 9-48.

Laitinen LA, Elkin RB, Empey DM, Jacobs L, Mills J, Gold MM, Hadel JA. Changes in bronchial reactivity after administration of

live attenuated influenza virus. Am Rev Respir Dis 1976; 113

(Suppl) t 194.

Laitinen LA, Heino M, Laitinen A, Kava T, Haahtela T. Damage of

the airway epithelium and bronchial reactivity in patients with

asthma. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 131: 599-606.

Laitinen LA, Laitinen A, Panula PA, Partane' M, Tervo K, Tsrvo T.

Immunohistocham.lca 1 demonstration of substance P in the lower

respiratory tract of the rabbit and not of man. Thorax 198 3; 3 8s

331-536.

Lakatta EG. Age-related alterations in the cardiovascular

response to adrenergic mediated stress. Fed Proc 1980; 39: 3173-

3177.

M l B, Tolls G, Martin JB, Brown GM, Guyda H. Effect of clonidine

on growth hormone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, follicle-

stimulating hormone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone in the serum

of normal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1975; 41: 827-832.

Lai S, Tolls G, McDonald TJ, Cervantes P, Dupre J. Effect of

clonidine on growth hormone and glucagon secretion. Horm Metab

Res 1981; 13: 648-649.

Lands AM, Arnold A, McAuliff JP, Luduena FP, Brown TG Jr. Differentiation of receptor systems activated by sympatho­

mimetic amines. Nature 1967; 214: 597-598.

Larsson K, Grfinneberg R , Hjemdahl P. Bronchodilatation and inhibition of allergen-induced bronchoconstriction by circulating

epinephrine in asthmatic subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1985;

Larsson K, Hjemdahl P, Martinsson A. Sympathoadrenal reactivity

in exercise-induced asthma. Chest 1982? 82$ 560-567.

Larsson K, Martino son A , Hjemdahl P. Influence of circulating

adrenoceptor agonists on lung function in patients with

exercise induced asthma and healthy subjects. Thorax 1986? 41$

552-558.

Larsson S. Long-term treatment with Beta2-adrenostimulants in

asthma. Side effects, selectivity, tolerance and routes of

administration. Acta Med Scand 1977? Suppl 608 $ 1-40.

Law CM, Marchant JL, Honour JW, rreece MA, Warner JO. Nocturnal adrenal suppression in asthmatic children taking inhaled

beclomethasone dipropionate. Lancet 1986? 1$ 942-944.

Lasarus SC, Sasbaum CB, Barnes PJ, Gold WM. Mapping cf vasoactive

intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors using cyclic AMP (cAMP)

irnmunoeytochsmistry. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983? 127 (Suppl)$ 274.

Lee L-Y, Bleecker ER, Nadel JA. Effect of ozone on bronchomotor

response to inhaled histamine aerosol in dogs. J Appl Physiol

1977; 43$ 626-631.

Lee L-Y, Dumont C, Djokic TD, Menzel TE, Nadel JA. Mechanism of rapid, shallow breathing after ozone exposure in conscious dogs.

J Appl Physiol 1979? 46$ 1108-1114.

L@e TH, Lsrner AB, Buettner-Janusch V. Structure of human adreno­

corticotropic hormone. J Biol Chem 19617 236 s 2770-2774 .

Lee TH, Nagakura T, Papageorgiou N, likura Y, Kay AB. Exercise-

induced late asthmatic reactions with neutrophil chemotactic

activity. N Engl J Med 1983? 308: 1502-1505.

Leeb-Lundberg LMP, Dickinson KEJ, Heald SL, Wikberg JES, Hagen P,De lernardis JF, Winn M, Arendsen DL, Lefkowitz RJ- Caron MG.

Photoaffinity Joel ling of mammalian ̂ (-adrenergic receptors. J

l i d Chem 1984? 259: 2579-2587.

Leff AR, Tallet J , Munoz NM, Shoulberg N. Physiological

antagonism cauced by adrenergic stimulation of canine tracheal

muscle. J Appl Physiol 1986? 60: 216-224.

Lefkowitz RJ, Caron MG, Stiles GL. Mechanisms of membrane- reeeptor regulation. Biochemical, physiological and clinical

insights derived from studies of the adrenergic receptors. N

Engl J Med 1984? 310: 1570-1579.

Lefkowitz RJ, Stadel JM, Caron MG. Adenylate cyclase-coupled beta-adrenergic receptors: structure and mechanisms of activation

and desensitization. Annu Rev Biochem 1983? 52: 159-18 6.

Leikauf GD, Uski IF, Nads 1 JA. Autonomic regulation of

viscoelasticity of cat tracheal gland secretions. J Appl Physiol

1984? 56s 426-430.

Leisti S, Finnila M-J, Kiuru E. Effects of physical training on hormonal responses to exercise in asthmatic children. Arch Dis

Child 1979? 54: 524-52%.

Lemanske RF J r , Anderson C, Braun S, Skatrud J, Busse WW. Impaired in vitro ̂ -adrenergic granulocyte response in chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis 1980? 122: 213-

219.

Leon DF, Shaver JA, Leonard JJ. Reflex heart rate control in man.

Am Heart J 1970? 80: 729-739.

Levin AS. A simple test of cardiac function baaed upon the heart rate changes induced by the Valsalva maneuver. Am J Cardiol 1966?

18: 90-99.

Limbird LE, Gill DM, Lefkowitz RJ. Agonist-promoted coupling of

the ^-adrenergic receptor with the guanine nucleotide regulatory protein of the adenylate cyclase system. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA

1980a? 77: 775-779.

Limblrd LB, Gill DM, Stadel JM, Hicksy AR, Lefkowitz RJ. Loss of

/3-adrenergic receptor-guanine nucleotide regulatory protein

interactions accompanies decline in catecholamine responsiveness of adenylate cyclase in maturing rat erythrocytes, j Biol Chem 1980b; 255: 1854-1861.

Litosch I, Wallis C, Fain JN. 5-Hydroxytryptamine stimulates inositol phosphate production in a cell-free system from blowfly salivary glands. Evidence for a role of GTP in coupling receptor

activation to phosphoinositide breakdown. J Biol Chem 1985; 260: 5464-5471.

Liu A Y-c, Walter 0, Greengard P. Steroid hormones may regulate

autophosphorylation of adenosine-3',5'-monopho/r iate-dependentprotein kinase in target tissues. Bur J Biochem 1981; 114: 539- 548.

Lockey SD, Glennon JA, Reed CE. Comparison of some metabolic responses in normal and asthmatic subjects to epinephrine and glucagon, j Allergy 1967; 40: 349-354.

Logsdon PJ, Middleton E Jr, Coffey RG. Stimulation of leukocyte adenyl cyclase by hydrocortisone and isoproterenol in asthmatic and nonasthmatic subject,XT Allergy Clin Immunol 1972;50: 45-56.

Loubatieres A, Marian! MM, Sorel G, Savi L. The action of £-

adrenergic blocking and stimulating agents on insulin secretion.

Characterisation of the type of -receptor. Diabetologia 1971; 7s 127-132.

Lowenthal DT, Reidenberg MM. The heart rate response to atropine

in uremic patients, obese subjects before and during fasting, and

patients with other chronic illnesses. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1972; 139: 390-393.

Lucke C, Click SM. Experimental modification of the sleep-induced peak of growth hormone secretion. J Clin Endocrinol 1971; 32: 729-726.

Lundberg JM, Hedlund B, Bartfai T. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide enhances muscarinic ligand binding in cat submandibular salivary gland. Nature 1982; 295: 147-149.

Lundberg JM, Martiing C-R, Saria A. Substance P and capsacin-

induced contraction of human bronchi. Acta Physiol Scand 1983; 119: 49-53.

MacDonald AG, Ingram CG, McNeill RS. The effect of propranolol on

airway resistance. Br J Anaesth 1967; 39: 919-926.

Madison J M , Jones CA, Tom-Moy M, Brown JK. Characterization of

muscarinic cholinergic receptor subtypes in bovine airway smooth muscle and epithelium. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 131(Suppl): A281.

Mahmoud SN, Scaccianoce S, Scraggs PR, Gilham NB, Jones MT. Characteristics of corticosteroid inhibition of adreno- eorticotrophin release from the anterior pituitary gland of the rat. J Endocrinol 1984? 102s 33-42.

Makino S, Ouellette JJ, Reed CE, Pishel C. Correlation between Increased bronchial response to acetylcholine and diminished metabolic and eosinopenic responses to epinephrine in asthma. J Allergy 1970? 46s 178-189.

Malbon GC. The effects of thyroid status on the modulation of fat

cell |S-adrenergic receptor agonist affinity by guanine nucleotides. Mol Pharmacol 1980? 18s 193-198.

Malbon CC, Li S-Y, Fain JN. Hormonal activation of glycogen

phosphorylass in hepatocytes from hypothyroid rats, j Biol Chem 1978? 253s 8820-8825.

Mallorga P, Tallman JF, Henneberry RC, Hirata F, Strittmatter WT, Axelrod J. Mepacrine blocks ^-adrenergic agonist-induced desensitization in astrocytoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1980; 77s 1341-1345,

Mann SP. The innervation of mammalian bronchial smooth muscle: the localization of catecholamines and cholinesterases. Histochem

J 1971; 3: 319-331.

Mano K, Akbarzadeh A, Townley RG. Effect of hydrocortisone on beta-adrenergic receptors in lung membrane. Life Sci 1979; 25:

1925-1930.

Marone G, Lichtenstein LM, Plaut M. Hydrocortisone and human

lymphocytes: Increases in cyclic adenosine 3':51-monophosphate

and potentiation of adenylate cyclase-activating agents. J

Pharmacol Exp Ther i980; 215: 469-477.

Martin JB, Reich 1 in R, Brown GM. Regulation of growth hormone

secretion and its disorders. In: Clinical Neuroendocrinology. FA

Davis Co, Philadelphia: 1977; 147-178.

Martin LE, Tanner RJN, Clark TJH, Cochrane GM. Absorption and metabolism of orally administered beelomethasone dipropionate.

Clin Pharmacol Ther 1974; 15: 267-275.

Martinsson A, Larsson K, Hjemdahl P. Reduced Pg-^renoceptor responsiveness in exercise-induced asthma. Chest 1985; 88: 594-

Math® AA, Astrbm A, Persson N-A. Some bronchoconstrictlng and

bronchodilating responses of human isolated bronchi: evidence for

the existence of o(-adranoceptors. J Pharm Pharmacol 1971; 23:

905-910.

Math® AA, Knapp PH. Decreased plasma free fatty acids and urinary

epinephrine in bronchial asthma. N Engl J Med 1969; 281: 234-238.

Matsumoto N, Inou® H, Ichinose M, Ishii M, Inoue C, Sasaki H, Takishima T. Effective sites by sympathetic beta-adrenergic and

vagal nonadrenergic inhibitory stimulation in constricted

airways. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 132: 1113-1117.

Matsuzmkl Y, Hamasaki Y, Said SI. Vasoactive intestinal peptide:A possible transmitter of nonadrenergic relaxation of guinea pig airways. Science 1980; 210: 1252-1253.

Mattingly D. A simple fluorimetric method for the estimation of free 11-hydroxycorticoids in human plasma. J Clin Pathol 1962;

15: 374-379.

McFadden ER, Luparello T, Lyons HA, Bleecker E. The mechanism of action of suggestion in the induction of acute asthma attacks.Psychosom Med 1969; 31: 134-143.

M.iah.ri iCD, Ru.gg JC. Depend,nc" of eycllc-JMP Induced r«laxation on C«2* end calmodulin in -tinned -mooth muscle of guinea pig taenia coll. Pflugers Arch 1983: 399: 315-320.

Meisheri KD, van Brea.an C. Effects of ^-adrenergic stimulation on calcium movement, in rabbit aortic smooth muscle: relationship With cyclic AMP. J Physiol (bond) 1982: 331: 429-441.

Melani F, Ordschel-Stew.rt 0, L.w.oki J. Radioimmunoassay of human growth hormone using the double antibody technique. ActaE n d o c r i n o l (Kbh) 1968; 57: 549-556.

M.rim.. TJ, Rabin D. A aurv.y of growth hormon. B.cr.tion andaction. Metabolism 1973; 22: 1235-1251.

Met: SA, Halter JB, Robertson RP. Induction of defective insulin secretion and impaired glucose tolerance by clonidine. Selective stimulation of metabolic alpha-adrenergic pathways. Diabetes

1973; 27: 554-562.

Meurs H, Ko&ter GH, de Vries K, Kauffman HF. The beta-adrenergic system and allergic bronchial asthma, changes in lymphocyte beta- adrenergic receptor number and adenylate cyclase activity after an allergen-induced asthmatic attack. J Allergy Clin Immunol

1982; 70: 272-280.

Miach PJ, Dausse J-P, Meyer P. Direct biochemical demonstration

of two types of *<-adr@noreceptor in rat brain. Nature 1978; 274.

492-494.

Michel T, Hoffman BB, Lefkowitz RJ. Differential regulation of

the < 2-adren@rgic receptor by Na+ and guanine nucleotides.

Nature 1980; 28 8: 709-711.

Michel 1 RH. Inositol phospholipids and cell surface receptor

function. Biochim Biophys Acta 1975; 415:.81-147.

Mickey JV, Tate R, Mulllkin D, Lefkowitz RJ. Regulation of

adenylate cyclase-coupled beta adrenergic receptor binding sites

by beta adrenergic catecholamines in vitro. Mol Pharmacol 1976;

12: 409-419.

Middleton E, Finke SR. Metabolic response to epinephrine in

bronchial asthma. J Allergy 1968; 42: 288-299.

Minn.man KP, H.g,trend LR, Molinoff PB. Simultaneousdetermination of beta-1 and beta-2-adrenergic receptors in

tissues containing both receptor subtypes. Mol Pharmacol 1979;

lorice A, Unwin RJ, S.var PS. Vasoactive intestinal peptide .u... bronchodilatation and protects against histamine-induced sronchoconstrlction in asthmatic subjects. Lancet 1983; 2: 1225-

.226.

4orris HG, Rusnak SA, Seiner JC, Barzens K, Barnes J. Comparative .ffacts of ephedrine on adrenergic responsiveness in normal and asthmatic subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1978, 61, 294-302.

Morris HG, Sherman NA, Silvers MS, Mills D, Shepperdson effects of an oral adrenergic bronchodilator on pulmonary

function and measurements of plasma and leukocyte cyclic AMP, divergence in duration of drug action and development of tolerance. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1983; 71: 266-276.

Morrish DM, Sproule BJ, Aaron TH, Outhet D, Crockford PM. aypothalamic-pltuit.ry-adr.nal function in extrinsic asthma.

Chest 1979; 75: 161-166.

Mo.. J. vaugh.n M. Activation of .d.nylat. oyola.. by ohol.r.g.n-Rev Biochem 1979; 48: 581-600.

Mua 8, Ohmi T, Tamura G, Ishihara T, Fujimoto S, Takishima T. The effect of sympathomimetic drug, on immediate skin reaction, andmetabolic response, in asthmatic patients. Ann Allergy 1979; 43:

Mueller E , van Breemen C. Role o saquastration in p-.dr.n.rgic r.l.aatlon of a .mooth muacla.

Nature 1979? 281: 682-683.

Muar. nr. Diurnal variation in asthma. Arch Dl« child 1984, 59,

898-901.

Mukh.rje. C, C.ron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. Regulation of adenylate cyclame coupled f-adrenergic receptors by f-adrenergic catecholamines. Endocrinology 1976; 99: 347-357.

Murad P, Chi Y-M, Rail TN, Sutherland EW. Ad.nyl Cyclase. III. The effect of .atecholamines and choline esters on the formation of adenosine 3 ',5 '-phosphate by preparations from cardiac muscleand liver. J Biol Chem 1962? 237: 1233-1238.

M arla, c, N.d.l JA, Rob.rt, JM. Th. muscarinic r.c.ptor. of airway smooth muacla, th.ir ch.ract.rir.tion in vitro. J Appl

Physiol 1982? 52: 1084-1091.

Murphy Ei Coll K, Rich TL, willi.m.on JR. Hormonal .tt.ct. on calcium hom.o.t.al. in i.olat.d hapatocyt... J Biol Cham 1980,

255: 6600-6608.

N.a.l JA, Cab.za. GA, Au.tln JHM. In vivo ro.ntg.nographlc axamination of paray.mpath.tic Innervation of small airways. Us.of powdered tantalum and a fine focal spot X-ray tube. Invest

Radiol 1971? 6s 9-17.

Nad.l JA, Salem H, Tamplln B, Tokiwa Y. Mechanism of

bronchoconstrictlon during inhalation of sulfur dioxide. J Appl

Physiol 1965? 20s 164-167.

Madel JA, Widdicombe JG. Effect of changes in blood gas tensions

and carotid sinus pressure on tracheal volume and total lung

resistance to airflow. J Physiol (Lond) 1962? 163s 13-33.

Nadel JA, Widdicombe JG. Reflex control of airway size.Ann NY

Acad Sci 1963? 109s 712-723.

Nagy L, Lee TH, Kay AS. Neutrophil chemotactlc activity in antigen-induced lata asthmatic reactions. N Engl J Med 1982? 306s

497-501.

Nakamura I, Tomomura A, Kato S, Nod. C, Ichlh.ra A. Reciprocal expression, of ®<1- and jg-adr.nerglc receptors, but constant

expression of glucagon receptor by rat h.patocyte. during development and primary culture. J Bloch.m 1984? 96s 127-136.

Nakas.wa T, Um.ga. %, Mat.ul S, Kobayashl S. Low plasma cortisol oono.ntrations during lat. asthmatic r.sponsas. Br Mad 0 1985,

291$ 867.

Wakasawa T, Umega. Y, MatsulS, YoshiaY, Fu.klR, KobayashiS. garlal chang.s of plasm, cortisol l.v.ls during various typ.s of asthmatic r.sponsas du. to all.rg.n inhalation. Ann All.rgy 1986,

36$ 67-71.

aathanson I, Mlddicomb. JH, Barnes PJ. Effect of vasoactive

intestinal p.ptid. on ion transport across dog tracheal epithelium. J Appl Physiol 1983, 55, 1844-1848.

Nelson H8. The effect of eph.drine on the response to epinephrine in normal men. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1973, 51$ 191-138.

Nelson MB, Black OW, Branch LB, Pfuetze B, Spaulding H, Summers M, wood D. S u b s e n s i t i v i t y to epinephrine following the

administration of epinephrine and eph.drine to normalindividuals. 3 Allergy Clin Immunol 1975, 55$ 299-309.

Nelson H8. Rain. D Jr, Doner EC, Posey WC. Subsensitivity to the bronchodilator action of albuterol produced by chronicadministration. Am Rev Rcspir Dis 1977, 116$ 871-878.

Neville A, Palmer JBD, Caddie J , May CS, Palmer KNV, Murchison LB. Metabolic effects of salbutamol: comparison of aerosol and intravenous administration. Br Med J 1977? Is 413-414.

Nl.hizuka Y. Turnover of inositol phospholipids and signaltransduction. Science 1984? 225s 1365-1370.

Nogrady SG, Hartley JPR, Seaton A. Metabolic effects of intravenous salbutamol in the course of acute severe asthma.

Thorax 1977? 32s 559-562.

Noguchi A. Normal ontogeny ofo<l-adrenergic receptor in rat liver is thyroid hormone dependent. Endocrinology 1983? 113s 672-676.

Norris AA, Eyre P. Impairment of pharmacological modulation of airways smooth muscle by a respiratory pathogen. J Pharm

Pharmacol 1981? 33s 470-472.

Olsen CR, Colebatch HJH, Mabel PE, Nadel JA, ibaub NC. Motor

control of pulmonary airways studied by nerve stimulation. J Appl

Physiol 1965? 20s 202-208.

orehek J, Gayrard P, Grimaud Ch, Charpin J. Effect of beta

adrenergic blockade on bronchial sensitivity to inhaledacetylcholine in normal subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1975?

Osborn D. Comparison of the effects of selective c<_ a n d £ -

receptor agonists on intracellular cyclic AMP levels and glycogen

phosphorylase activity in guinea-pig liver. Br J Pharmacol 197 5;

55: 286P-287P.

Pack RJ, Richardson PS. The aminergic innervation of the human

bronchus: a light and electron microscopic study. J Anat 1984;

138: 493-502.

Palmer JB, Cuss PM, Barnes PJ. The effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide on human airway smooth muscle in-vitro. Clin

ici 19 85a; 68: 58P.

Palmer JB, Cuss PMC, Barnes PJ. VIP and PHM and their role in

nonadrenergic inhibitory responses in isolated human - u i y s . J

Appl Physiol 1986a; 61: 1322-1328.

palmer JB, Sampson AP, Barnes PJ. Cholinergic and non-adrenergic

inhibitory responses in bovine airways: distribution and

functional association. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985b; 131 (Suppl):

A282.

palmer JBD, Cuss PMC, Mulderry PK, Ghatei MA, Bloom SR, Barnes PJ. Calcitonin gene related peptide is a potent constrictor of

human airway smooth muscle. Thorax 1985c; 40: 713.

Palmer JBD, Cuss FMC, Warren JB, Blank M, Bloom SR, Barnes PJ. Effect of infused vasoactive intestinal peptide on airway

function in normal subjects. Thorax 1986b; 41; 663-666.

Palmer KNV, Caddie J, Skinner C. Letter. Br Med J 1974; 4; 409.

Parker CW, Huber MG, Baumann ML. Alterations in cyclic AMP

m e t a b o l i s m in h u m a n b r o n c h i a l asthma. III. L e u k o c y t e andlymphocyte responses to steroids. J Clin Invest 1973; 52s 1342-

1348.

Parker CW, Smith JW. Alterations in cyclic adenosine

monophosphate metabolism in human bronclial asthma. I. Leukocyte responsiveness top-adrenergic agents. J Clin Invest 1973; 52s

48-59.

Partanen M, LC'Jtinen A, H e r v o n e n A, Toivanen M, Laitinen LA. Catecholamine- and acetylcholinesterase-containing nerves in

human lower respiratory tract. Histochem 1982; 76: 175-188.

Passon PC, Peuler JD. A simplified radiometric assay for plasma

norepinephrine and epinephrine. Anal Biochem 1973; 51: 618-631.

Patel KR. Atropine, sodium cromoglycate, and thymoxamlne in PGFgX -induced bronchoconstriction in extrinsic asthma. Br Med J 197 5;

2: 360-362.

Patel KR, Kerr JW. Letter. Lancet 1975; is 3 48.

Patel KR, Kerr JW. The airways response to phenylephrine after

blockade of alpha and beta receptors in extrinsic bronchial

asthma. Clin Allergy 1973? 3s 439-448.

Patel KR, Kerr JW, MacDonald BY, MacKenzie AM. The effect of thymoxamine and cromolyn sodium on postexercise bronchocon-

striction in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 197 6; 57: 285-292.

Pauwels R, Peleman R, van der Straeten M. Airway inflammation and

non allergic bronchial responsiveness. Bur J Respir Dis 1985? 68

(Suppl 144) s 137-163.

pauwels R, Van Der Straeten M. The leukocytic beta2-receptor.

Effect of circadian rhythm and age in normal people. Bur J Respir

Dis 1980? 61: 2 6-32.

poatfield AC, Barnes PJ, Bratcher C, Nadel JA, Davis B. Vasoactive testinal peptide stimulates tracheal submucosal

gland secretion in ferret. Am Rev Respir Dis 1983? 128: 89-93.

Peatfield AC, Richardson PS. The control of mucin secretion into

the lumen of the cat trachea byX-and ^-adrenoceptors, and their

relative involvement during sympathetic nerve stimulation. Bur J

Pharmacol 1982? 81: 617-626.

Pernow B. Substance P. Pharmacol Rev 1983; 35; 8 5-141.

Peters SP, Schulman ES, Schleimer RP, Macglashan DM Jr, Newbal1

HH, Lichtenstein LM. Dispersed human lung mast c«. Is. Pharmacologic aspects and comparison with human lung tissue

fragments. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982; 126: 1034-1033.

petrovic SL, Stanic MA, Haugland RP, Dowben RM. Increased p -

adrenergic receptor complement in androgen-induced mouse kidney

hypertrophy. Biochim Biophys Acta 1981; 676; 329-337.

Phillips MJ, Barnes PJ, Gold MM. Characterization of purifV og mastocytoma cells. Autonomic membrane receptors and pharmacologic

modulation of histamine release. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 132;

1019-1026.

Phipps RJ, Richardson PS. The effects of irritation at various

levels of the airway upon tracheal mucus secretion in the cat. J

Physiol (Lond) 1976; 261: 563-581.

Phipps RJ, Mil Hams IP, Richardson PS, Pell J, Pack RJ, Wright N. Sympathomimetic drugs stimulate the output of secretory glyco­

proteins from human bronchi in vitro. Clin Sci 1982; 63: 23 28.

Pijls NHJ, Driessen MNBM. Suppression of pituitary-adrenal axis

in children on beclomethasone dipropionate inhalation therapy.

Lancet 1984; ii: 173-174.

Ploy-song-sang K, Corbin RP, Engel LA. Effects o£ intr.v.nou, hi,t.mine on lung mechanic, in man after bet.-block.de. J Appl

Physiol 1978; 44: 690-695.

Polak JM, Bloom SR. Regulatory peptides and neuron-specific

enolase in the respiratory tract of man and other mammals. Exp

Lung Res 1982; 3: 313-328.

polak JM, Bloom SR. Regulatory peptides: key factors in the

control of bodily functions. Br Med J 1983; 286: 1461-1466.

Porte u Jr. Bet. adrenergic stimulation of Insulin release inman. Diabetes 1967; 16: 150-155.

Porte D Jr, Halter JB. The endocrine pancreas and diabetes

mellitus. In: Textbook of Endocrinology. Williams RH ed. WB

Saunders Co. Philadelphia, London, Toronto, 1981, 716-843.

Postma DS, Keyzer JJ, Kodter GH, Sluiter HJ, de Vries K.influence of the p a r a s y m p a th e t ic and sympathetic nervous system

on nocturnal bronchial obstruction. Clin Sci 1985; 69: 251-258.

Pratter MR, Irwin RS. The clinical value of p h a r m a c o l o g i c

bronchoprevocation challenge. Chest 1984; 85: 260 265.

299

Preiksaitls HG, Kan WH, Kunos G. Decreased oft-adrenoceptor

responsiveness and density in liver cells of thyroidectomized

rats. J Biol Chem 1982; 257$ 4321-4327.

Prime FJ, Bianco S, Griffin JP, Kamburoff PL. The effects on airways conductance of alpha-adrenergic stimulation and blocking,

lull Bur Physiopathol Respir 1972; 8: 99-109.

Pun LQ, Mcculloch MW, Rand MJ. The effect of hydrocortisone on

the bronchodilator activity of sympathomimetic amines and on the

uptake of isoprenaline in the isolated guinea-pig trachea. Bur J

Pharmacol 1973; 22: 162-168.

Putney JW Jr, Burgess GM, Halenda SP, McKinney JS, Rubin RP. Effects of secretagogues on [3 2 P ] phosphatidylinosito1 4,5-

biphosphate metabolism in the exocrine pancreas. Biochem J 1983;

212: 483-488.

Quigley C, Fuller RW, Dixon CMS, Barnes PJ. Inhaled acetyl­cholinesterase inhibitors cause dose-related bronchoconstriction

in asthmatic and normal subjects. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 131

(Suppl): A283.

Raaijmakers JAM, Terpstra GK, Van Rozen A J , Witter A, Kreukniet j. Muscarinic cholinergic receptors in peripheral lung tissue of

normal subjects and of patients with chronic obstructive lung

disease. Clin Sci 1983? 66: 585-590.

Rabinowitz D, Zierler KL. The action of insulin in man in the

pomtabsorptiv. and postprandial states with a note on someapplications of its action in determining muscle fuel in man.

Postgrad Med J 1965; 41s 67-72.

Ramey ER, Goldstein MS. The adrenal cortex and the sympathetic nervous system. Physiol Rev 1957; 37: 155-195.

Ramsey J M . Time course of b r o n c h o c o n s t r l c t i v e response in

asthmatic subjects to reduced temperature. Thorax 1977; 32: 26-

28.

Rangel-A Idao R, Rosen OM. Dissociation and reassociation of the phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated forms of adenosine 3':5'- monophosphate-dependent protein kinase from bovine cardiac

muscle. J Biol Ghem 1976; 251: 3375-3380.

Rasmussen H, Goodman DBF. Relationships between calcium and

cyclic nucleotides in cell activation. Physiol Rev 1977; 57: 421-

509.

Reed CE, Busse WW, Lee TP. Adrenergic mechanisms and the adenyl

cyclase system in atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 1976; 67:

Reinberg A, Ghata J, Sidi E. Nocturnal asthma attacks: their

relationship to the circadian adrenal cycle. J Allergy 1963; 34:

323-330.

Rhodes D, Prpic V, Exton JH, Blackmore PP. Stimulation of phosphatidyl inositol 4,5-biphosphate hydrolysis in hepatocytes by

vasopressin. J Biol Chem 1983; 258: 2770-2773.

Richardson J, Be land J. Nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system

in human airways. J Appl Physiol 1976; 41: 764-770.

Richardson JB. Nerve supply to the lungs. Am Rev Respir Dis 1979;

119: 785-802.

Richardson JB, Bouchard T. Demonstration of a nonadrenergic

inhibitory . ervous system in the trachea of the guinea pig. J

Allergy Clin Immunol 1975; 56: 473-480.

Richardson PS, Sterling GM. Effect of ^-adrenergic receptor

blockade on airway conductance and lung volume in normal and

asthmatic subjects. Br Med J 1969; 3: 143-145.

Robberecht P, Chatelain P, de Neef P, Camus J-C, Waelbroeck M,

Christoph# J. Presence of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors coupled to adenylate cyclase in rat lung membranes. Biochim

Biophys Acta 1981; 67 8: 76-82.

Robison GA, Butcher RW, Sutherland EW. Some actions of cyclic

AMP. In: Cyclic AMP. Acad Press, New York, London: 1971, 91-144.

R o l l e r ! E, Zannino M, Or land! S , M a l v a n o R. Direct

radioimmunoassay of plasma cortisol. Clin Chim Acta 1976? 66.

319-330.

Root RK, Stossel TP. Myeloperoxidase-mediated iodination by

granulocytes: intracellular site of operation and some regulating factors. J Clin Invest 1974? 53: 1207-1215.

Rose B, Fyles TW, Venning EH. Corticotrophin, cortisone and

hydrocortisone in diseases of hypersensitivity. I. Biological

oorticoid excretion during acute symptoms. J Allergy 1955? 26: 1-

10.

Rose RM. Psychoendocrinology. In: Williams Textbook of

Endocrinology. Wilson JD, Foster DW, eds. WB Saunders Co,

Philadelphia, London, Toronto: 1985? 653-681.

Ross EM, Maguire ME. Sturgill TW, Biltonen RL, Gilman AG. Relationship between the ^-adrenergic receptor and adenylate

cyclase. Studies of ligand binding and enzyme activity in

purified membranes of S49 lymphoma cells. J Biol Chem 1977? 252:

Rugg EL, Barnett DB, Nahorski SR. Coexistence of betal and beta2 adrenoceptors in mammalian lung: Evidence from direct binding

studies. Mol Pharmacol 1978? 14: 996-1005.

Said SI, Kitamura S, Yoshida T, Preskitt J, Holden LD. Humoral control of airways. Ann NY Acad Sci 1974? 221: 103-114.

Salmon DM, Honeyman TW. Proposed mechanism of cholinergic action

in smooth muscle. Nature 1980? 284: 344-346.

Salonen RO, Mattila MJ. A 24-hour glucocorticoid treatment

increases the number of ^-adrenoceptors in the rat lung. Acta

Pharmacol Toxicol (Kbh) 1984? 55: 425-428.

Sands ME, Douglas PL, Green J, Banner AS, Robertson GL, Leff AR. Homeostatic regulation of bronchomotor tone by sympathetic

activation during bronchoconstriction in normal and asthmatic humans. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985? 132: 993-998.

Sano Y, Watt G, Townley RG. Decreased mononuclear cell beta- adrenergic receptors in bronchial asthma: parallel studies of

lymphocyte and granulocyte desensitization. J Allergy Clin

Immunol 1983? 72: 495-503.

Sant'Ambrogio G. information arising from the tracheobronchial

tree of mammals. Physiol Rev 1982? 62: 531-569.

Scarpac® PJ, Abrass IB. Desensitization of adenylate cyclase and

down regulation of beta adrenergic receptors after in vivo

administration of beta agonist. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1982. 223,

327-331.

Scarpac® PJ, Abrass IB. Thyroid hormone regulation of rat heart,

lymphocyte, and lung ^-adrenergic receptors. Endocrinology 1981;

108: 1007-1011.

Scarpac® PJ, Littner MR, Tashkin DP, Abrass IB. Lymphocyte beta- adrenergic refractoriness induced by theopylline or metapro-

terenol in healthy and asthmatic subjects. Life Sci 1982? 31s

1567-1573.

Schreurs Ad JM, Nijkamp PP. Haemophilus influenzae induced loss

of lung ̂ -adrenoceptor binding sites and modulation by changes in peripheral catecholinergic input.Eur J Pharmacol 1982? 77,95-102.

gchr.ur. Ad JM, Terp.tr. GK, Raaijmak.r. JAM, Nijkamp PP. Theeffects of haemophilus influenzae vaccination on anaphylactic

mediator release and isoprenaline-induced inhibition of mediator

release. Eur J Pharmacol 1980b? 62, 261-268.

schreur. Ad JM, Verhoef J, Nijkamp PP. Bacterial cell wallcomponents decrease the numbers of guinea-pig lung f i -

adrenoceptors. Bur J Pharmacol 1983? 87, 127-132.

Schreurs AJM, Terpstra GK, Raaijmakers JAM, Nijkamp FP. Effects of vaccination with haemophilus influenzae on adrenoceptor

function of tracheal and parenchymal strips. J Pharmacol Exp Ther

1980a; 215: 691-696.

Seriabine A, Clineschmidt BV, Sweet CS. Central noradrenergic

control of blood pressure. Annu Rev Pharmacol 1976; 16: 113-123.

0*1 lick H, Widd4combe JG. Stimulation of lung irritant receptors

by cigarette smoke, carbon dust, and histamine aerosol. J Appl

Physiol 1*71; 31: 15-19.

ihand DG, Wood AJJ. Propranolol withdrawal syndrome - why?

Circulation 1978; 58: 202-203.

Shelhamer JH, Marom Z, Kaliner M. Immunologic and neurophar- macologic stimulation of mucous glycoprotein release from human

airways in vitro. J Clin Invest 1980a; 66: 1400-1408.

Shelhamer JH, Metcalfe DD, Smith LJ, Kaliner M. Abnormal beta adrenergic responsiveness in allergic subjects: Analysis of isoproterenol-induced cardiovascular and plasma cyclic adenosine

monophosphate responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1980b, 66: 52-60.

She 1 ler JP, Holtzman MJ, Ckoogh B-E, Nadel JA. Interaction of serotonin with vagal- and ACh-induced brorchoconstriction in

canine lungs. J Appl Physiol 1982; 52: 964-966.

Sheppard D , Epstein J, Holtzman M J , Nadel JA, Boushey HA. Dose-

dependent inhibition of cold air-induced bronchoconstriction by

atropine. J Appl Physiol 1982; 53; 169-174.

Sheppard D, Epstein J, Holtzman MJ, Nadel JA, Boushey HA. Effect

of route of atropine delivery on bronchospasm from cold air and

methacholine. J Appl Physiol 1983; 5 4: 130-133.

Sheppard D, Wong WS, Uehara CF, Nadel JA, Boushey HA. Lower threshold and greater bronchomotor responsiveness of asthmatic

subjects to sulfur dioxide. Am Rev Respir Dis 1980; 122; 873-878.

Sheppard MN, Kurian SS, Henzen-Logmans SC, Michetti F, Cocchia D, Cole P, Ruoh RA, Marangos ”, Bloom SR, Polak JM. Neurone-

specific enolase and S-lOOs new markers for delineating the

innervation of the respiratory tract in man and other mammals.

Thorax 1983; 38; 333-340.

Sheppard MN, Marangos PJ, Bloom SR, Polak JM. Neuron specific

enolase; a marker for the early development of nerves and

endocrine cells in the human lung. Life Sci 3 984a; 3 4; 265-271.

Sheppard MN, Polak JM, Allen JM, Bloom SR. Neuropeptide tyrosine (NPY)t a newly discovered peptide is present in the mammalian

respiratory tract. Thorax 1984b; 39; 326-330.

307

Sheriine P, Lynch A, G1insmann WH. Cyclic AMP and adrenergic

receptor control of rat liver glycogen metabolism. Endocrinology

1972; 91: 680-690.

Sherman B, Weinberger M, Chen-Walden H, Wendt H. Further studies

of the effect of inhaled glucocorticoids on pituitary-adrenal

function in healthy adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1982; 69: 208-

212.

Shier WT, Baldwin JH, Nelson-Hamilton M, Hamilton RT, Thanassi MM. Regulation of guanylate and adenylate cyclase activities by

lysolecithin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 19"'6; 73: 1586-1590.

Shimazu T, Amakawa A. Regulation of glucogen metabolism in liver

by the autonomic nervous system. Biochim Biophys Acta 1975; 385:

242-256.

Siegel S. Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences.

McGraw-Hill Book Co Inc. New York, London, Toronto: 1956.

Silver PJ, DiSalvo J. Adenosine 31: 5'-monophosphate-mediated

inhibition of myosin light chain phosphorylation in bovine aortic

actomyosin. J Biol Chem 1979; 254: 9951-9954.

Silver PJ, Holroyde MJ, Solaro RJ, Disalvo J. Ca2+ calmodulin and cyclic AMP-dependent modulation of actin-myosin interactions in

aorta. Biochim Biophys Acta 1981; 674: 65-70.

Silver PJ, Stull JT, Regulation of myosin light chain and phosphorylase phosphorylation in tracheal smooth muscle. J Biol

Chem 1982; 257: 6145-6150.

Si 1verberg AB, Shah SD, Raymond MW, Cryer PE. Norepinephrine:

hormone and neurotransmitter in man. Am J Physiol 1978; 23 4:

1252-1256.

Simonsson BG, Jacobs FM, Nadel JA. Role of autonomic nervous

system and the cough reflex in the increased responsiveness of

aij.ways in patients with obstructive airway disease. J Clin

Invest 196 7; 46: 1812-1818.

Simonsson BG, Svedmyr N, Skoogh B-E, Anders son R, Bergh NP. In

vivo and in vitro studies on aIpha-receptors in human airways.

Potentiation with bacterial endotoxin. Sc^nd J Respir Dim 1972;

53: 227-236.

Skoogh B-E. Parasympathetic ganglia in the airways. Bull Eur

Physiopathol Respir 1986; 22 (Suppl 7): 143-147.

Sly RM, Joseph F, Johnson CM. Effect of exercise upon plasma cortisol and airway obstruction in asthmatic children. Ann

Allergy 1973; 31: 371-374.

: 7 =■

... ^

aa

V'l«*

»«> : ' ;n n i * .>;. ,4'7

KWBit

Smith LJ, Shelhamer JH, Kaliner1 M. Cholinergic nervous system and

immediate hypersensitivity. II. An analysis of pupillary

responses. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1980; 5s 374-378.

Smith MJ, Hodson ME. Effects of long term inhaled high dose

bee1omethasone dipropionate on adrenal function. Thorax 1983; 3 8:

675-681.

Smith M M , Colebatch HJH, Clarke PS. Increase and decrease in

pulmonary resisto ce with hypnotic suggestion in asthma. Am Rev

Rospir Dis 1970, 102: 236-242.

Smith BA. Reduced sinus arrhythmia in diabetic autonomic

neuropathy: diagnostic value of an age-related normal range. Br

Med J 1982; 285: 1599-1601.

Smith SB, Smith SA. Heart rate variability in healthy subjects

measured wxth a bedside computer-based technique. Clin Sci 1981;

61: 379-383.

Snasha11 PD, Soother FA, Sterling GM. The effect ofe<- adrenoreceptor stimulation on the airways of normal and asthmatic

man. Clin Sci 1978; 54: 283-289.

Soutar CA, Carruthers M. Pickering CAC. Nocturnal asthma and

urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion. Thorax 1977; 32:

677-683.

310

I/ME,#

at:'

■ ;1-

goutar CA, Costallo J, Ijaduola 0, Turnar-Warwick M. Nocturnal

and morning asthma. Relationship to plasma corticosteroids and

response to cortisol infusion. Thorax 1975; 3 0: 436-440.

Spector S, Lupare11 o TJ, Kopetzky MT, Souhrada J, Kinsman RA. Response of asthmatics to methacholine and suggestion. Am Rev

Respir Dis 1976; 113: 43-50.

Spencer H, Leof D. The innervation of the human lung. J Anat

1964; 98: 599-609.

Spitz I, Gonen B, Rabin- tz D. Agnogenic and stimulus-initiated

growth hormone release an. A reappraisal and a multiple pool

model of hormonal r s. Jehus Hopkins Mad J 1972; 131: 149-

159.

Stadel JM, De Lean A, Mui likin-Kilpatrick D, Sawyer DD, Lefkowitz

RJ. Catecholamine-inuuced desensitization in turkey erythrocytes:

CAMP mediated impairment of high affinity agonist binding without

alteration in receptor number. J Cyclic N u d e - 3 Res 1981; 7:

37-47.

Stadel JM, Nambi P, Shorr RGL, Sawyer DF, Caron MG, Lefkowitz

RJ.Catecholamine-induced desensitization of turkey erythrocyte

adenylate cyclase is associated with phosphorylation of the p -

adranergic receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1983a; 80: 3173-3177.

311

Stadel JM, Strulovicl B, Nambi P, Lavin TN, Briggs MM, Caron MG,

Lefkowitz RJ. Desensitization of the ^-adrenergic receptor of

frog erythrocytes. Recovery and characterization of the down- regulated receptors in sequestered vesicles. J Biol Chem 1983b;

258: 3032-3038.

Steel RGD. Some rank sum multiple comparisons tests. Biometrics

1961; 17: 539-552.

Steer ML, Wood A. Regulation of human platelet adenylate cycles: by epinephrine, prostaglandin E1, and guanine nucleotides.

Evidence for separate guanine nucleotide sites mediating stimulation and inhibition. J Biol Chem 1979; 254: 10791-10797.

Stephan WC, Chick TW, Avner BP, Jenne JW. Tachyphylaxis to inhaled isoproterenol and the effect of methylprednisolone in

dogs. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1980; 65: 105-109.

Stiles GL, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ. J3-Adrenergic receptors:

Biochemical mechanisms of physiological regulation. Physiol Rev

1984; 64: 661-743.

Stiles GL, Lefkowitz RJ. Thyroid hormone modulation of agonist - beta-adrenergic receptor interactions in the rat heart. Life Sci

1981; 28: 2529-2536.

312

. * ■'-•'Vi*' 'W b VSIV-mV-'* !*"'y ''^-4

'* -‘ii' * !7». " i S t t

' J

.1

Storms WW, DoPico G A , Reed C E . Aerosr'. C ch 1000. An

anticholinergic bronchodilator. Am Rev Respir Dis 1975? Ill: 419-

422.

Etreb H, Irvine RF, Berridge MJ, Schulz I. Release of Ca2+ from a

nonmitochondria 1 intracellular store in pancreatic acinar cells

by inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate. Nature 1983? 306: 67-68.

Strulovici B, Stadel JM, Lefkowitz RJ. Functional integrity of

desensitized jB-adrenergic receptors. Internalized receptors

reconstitute catecholamine-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity.

J Biol Ghem 1983? 258: 6410-6414.

Su Y-F, Gubeddu L, X, Perkins JP. Regulation of adenosine 3':5'-

m o n o p h o s p h a t e content of human astrocytoma cells: desensitization to catecholamines and prostaglandins. J Cyclic

Nucleotide Res 1976? 2: 257-270.

Su Y-F, Harden TK, Perkins JP. Catecholamine-specific

desensitization of adenylate cyclase. Evidence for a multistep

process. J Biol Ghem 1980? 255: 7410-7419.

Svedmyr NLV, Larsson SA, Thiringer GK. Development of "resistance" in beta-adrenergic receptors of asthmatic patients.

Chest 1976? 69: 479-483.

Szentivanyi A. Adrenergic Regulation. Ins Bronchial Asthma.

Mechanisms and Therapeutics. Weiss EB, Segal MS, Stein M , eds.

Little Brown and Co, Boston Toronto: 1985s 126-150.

Szentivanyi A. The beta-adrenergic theory of the atopic

abnormality in bronchial asthma. J Allergy 1968? 42s 203-232.

Szentivanyi A, Heim 0, Schultze P. Changes in adrenoceptor

densities in membranes of lung tissue and lymphocytes from patients with atopic disease. Ann NY Acad Sci 1979; 332: 295-298.

Szentivanyi A, Heim 0, Schultze P, Szentivanyi J. Adrenoceptor

binding studies with [ ̂ H ]dihydroa1preno1o 1 and [ ̂ H]di- hydroergocryptine on membranes of lymphocytes from patients with

atopic disease. Acta Derm Venereol, (Stockh) 1980; Suppl 92: 19-

21.

Takahashi Y, Kipnis DM, Daughaday WH. Growth hormone secretion

during sleep. J Clin Invest 1968; 47: 2079-2090.

Taki P, Takagi K, Satake T , Sugiyama S, Ozawa T„ The role of

phospholipase in reduced beta-adrenergic responsiveness in

experimental asthma. Am ..ev Respir Dim 1 986; 133: 362-366.

Tanaka DT, Grunstein MM. Mechanisms of substance P-induced contraction of rabbit airway smooth muscle. J Appl Physiol 1984?

57: 1551-1557,

Author Kallenbach J m Name of thesis The Autonomic Nervous Sytem and Bronchial Asthma 1987

PUBLISHER: University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg

©2013

LEGAL NOTICES:

Copyright Notice: All materials on the Un i ve r s i t y o f the Wi twa te r s rand , Johannesbu rg L ib ra ry website are protected by South African copyright law and may not be distributed, transmitted, displayed, or otherwise published in any format, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

Disclaimer and Terms of Use: Provided that you maintain all copyright and other notices contained therein, you may download material (one machine readable copy and one print copy per page) for your personal and/or educational non-commercial use only.

The University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, is not responsible for any errors or omissions and excludes any and all liability for any errors in or omissions from the information on the Library website.