azerbaycan – ermenİstan İlİŞkİlerİnde rusya ve İran faktÖrÜ(1828 – 2000) emİn...

7/30/2019 AZERBAYCAN ERMENSTAN LKLERNDE RUSYA VE RAN FAKTR(1828 2000) EMN IHALYEV

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EKLE_E KSI_ZPIZ

ZHZQED ODGDI_ IKZPPZ

PE_F &NIKID P_L PE_F! EKEODG @EDA

E]I_OEQJEK I_GIKZPEK DLDI_K@I _YZQE SI _EK CELP_

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@hlphe Pi}a

IGK AFEDQIS

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E` Zhqe` g}ezRhc+ @+ QESY] I_JEK ++

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Pi} Zesykge Peafa= ++( ++( ++

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K@ILDI_

KZ] ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

LAZEDPGEDE_ ++N_ +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

O_KJ ODG

I_GIKDI_K LGD si OQL I_GIKZPEK ICZEKIZ+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

LKJ ODG

Q_GKJ Q]QADAK OEDE_AK@E I_GIKDI_KE]I_OEQJEK@E QERPALDE_A

LEPDEGDE_

E' @iagiqik Igika Cidziciza siqe Igika Rzalhdhmaza ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++O' 5129'5123 Qddekè Qerdek Lepdaegde +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++J' 5156 Qd Gep Lepdaeg ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

KJ ODG

E]I_OEQJEK'I_GIKZPEK DLDI_K@I OPGIQIK LESNE=LE_EOE ZH_YKY$ RHDPL NIDGIDI_

E' Zhykyk Oedegez ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++O' ?2 Hjel Lepdaeg +++++++++J' Eqe} Gypeddaohs @kiga ++++

J+ e+ Fhjed Zhqlg+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++@' Iodci} Idaoiq @kiga ++++++I' Feqè Edaqis @kiga +

I+ e+ _yzqe Peeckèk E}ioeqjeke YqnydekekIlhkhgal Egoenh si Hkyk @hy`yy Zhkyde +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

C' 12> Zeqd Lee ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++N' 12> Zeqd Il Ge`ìkak Qdlpik Led`dgez++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

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LECLEZQE MIHRHDPK@I _YZQE$ _EK si P_LQI _ILEOIP ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

OIKJ ODG

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E' edl _yzqez Ezkèk E}ioeqjekk Mihrhdapal kiga si Igika Celp +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++O' Zhsqip _yzqez @kiga +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

O+ e+ Ekesepeke @k Rhmiza +++++J' ZZJOkak l Zioirdia$ Oegz} @isdipdi Oadaa O@Pkak Hdyygy +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++@' Oegz}dl Zhkez _yzqekk Nkiq Leclezqeè Zpepimal Egede +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

EDPAKJA ODG

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E' ek Ezkèk E}ioeqjekk kiga si Igika Celp +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++O' Cez Gaddaqipadaakak E}ioeqjek Rhdapalez +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++J' ekk E}ioeqjek si Igikazpek Rhdapalez +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

QI@KJ ODG

P_LQI

E' Mihrhdapal Eèk Leclezqeè Plaqi _yzqe$ Plaqi ek _ileoipdia ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++O' Plaqikak Igikazpek Rhdapalez ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

O+ e+ Igika @aezrhez si Pi'Riphzqek @kiga ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++O+ o+ Igika @aezrhez si _hoip Lheqek @kiga +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++O+ j+ daladiì Zk Lerz Zhyky++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

J' Plaqikak E}ioeqjek Rhdapalez ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++J+ e+ Hzgekd @isdipakak E}ioeqjek Rhdapalez++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++J+ o+ Peafa Kefsek Gizidiza si Zpepimal Oelgèk Kefsekk kiga +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

J+ j+ Ghzlhse Ekpdegez si Kefsek++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++J+ `+ Lez Ekpdegez si Kefsek+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++J+ i+ Oegz}dl Zhkez Plaqikak E}ioeqjek Rhdapalez +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++J+ c+ E}ioeqjek Igikazpek epgez Oedegkè

Plaqi E}ioeqjek daladia ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

ZHKY +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

LEQKELDE_ si E_EPA_GEDE_

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KZ]

Kezd fefe$ yqypyyjy oegddk feg ge`ìza azi$ peaf ì llpikjapesdek$ ipkal gaddaqipadaak si aìhdhmadiak feg ge`ìza Ii egeje yqnyk oa niga

qhlze oy$ fi }egek aak qikaìk ajep iàdioada+ Ge}a giydepd si skijil ce}de oaiqa hdgeqek agàla }egeke iicda oa ele rdek zyke + Oa peaf cidzicijaza hdek IajFhozoe~gk z}dia oykde+

Fepdqhyg$ Zhsqipdi Oadaa `kigakìla hlyddeè$ E}ioeqjek$ ekk siHzgekdkk anedja zed`deke le lhqegeqejek ekdeqkje$ _yzqeqe qkidgil

}hykè led`+ e Fe}ipdiakìk$ ek si Hzgekdkk zed`dekèk lhykgel aakE}ioeqjekk _yzqe zkde aiazaki edkgez aje iàdà$ àqi hlypydyqh`y+ Oyaceìdiìk ì ekdedeje }ii$ nqe E}ioeqjek$ oql oa gigkykaqipdi _yz

fageqijadaaka leoyddikgil azpiga$ _yzqe è E}ioeqjek

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zede }iakì `y`yy oyazpia oql oa leì hdeel ìidikàgapa+ Qeka zc E}ioeqjekk azpia }iaki$_yzqe E}ioeqjeke nagapa+

Oy zepde hlyqykje$ Peaf fhjege$ niilpik ì `yyg oqdi ga hdgypy8 Qekafi fekna oa dli$ phreldek oele oa ìsdipak zkde aiazaki edkgez aak ajeèoydykeoada ga8$ àqi zh`yygè$ fhjeg$nkik si qe}dek fiiq niil ìadà+ Egeki qe}l la$ pefacdidi qipakgil }hykèq}+ kl agàdal niildia hpeqe leeoadijilfaoa qiplaqi zefar ìada}+ Dpcik$ oy p zhyde zheel oeg oideqe zhlge qekpksigapa+

Eqk `yyg Zhsqip _yzqez aak ì niidaà+ Zhsqip E}ioeqjek peafadaakìoqdi oa pi} flg zgilpiqà= E}ioeqjekè felagaqip yykè siadik gjeìdiqi VA+

L}d H`ykyk gèfediza$ qedk} `kqe rhdipeqe rikzaoakìk `hgypy+ Qeka _yzqeèzaqeza alpaè idi niaga hdek aa zkc$ oykykde è qipakigi}à+ H$ je odnidiìqeeqek zkc leìdiaki ì oy qhdè opk sezpedede$ feppe niilazi zadef lyddekeelqe`g ipgiqa ege iàkgapa+ Peafa oidnidi$ VA+ L}d H`ykyk qyleè oidapadik pi}`hydpyzykè E}ioeqjeke nida zioioaka$ niilpi _yzqekk anedaki fel le}ek`gel aakyq`yydgy oa oefeki hd`yyky ee legelpe`+ Ilag ìsagakìk zhke S+ + Dikakakàda adi ìzil$ `sdiil qeg jek fedi zedkg si lhdpyl ìikildiaqdi oadi qgizarfi edpkè hdek _yzqekk zhzqh rhdapal$ ilhkhgal si ezlia `yygy$ qyleènzpiadik pi}ak `hydyyky ele i`ìpgilpià+

51?2 qd Zhsqip anedakìk zhke ai z}g qeoekj iìoaqep si qeoekjpeafakezdlpe oaalga ìida gepiqeddi$ adl idìk leqkelde si eas oidnidia h ìsak

leqkelde izezkè qe}dge`kèk homilpac niildaa peg hdeel qekzpgegelpeq`+ Oykyk`kè$ 5129'5123 qddekè si 5156 Gep nkkì E}ioeqjek Pldia adi Igikadieezkè qeekg hdek lekd epgede si qerdek lepdaegde$ Zhsqipdi `kigakì azese hdeel kapidikàadà si niildi poez iàdà+

Qee`g `kig aiazakì$ 5112d qddee leè oydyk`yygy} fedldeferazfekizakì fedldek leìdaakìk$ oezisidalpik oefziìk ìga riì dlizakak

oa}dii zyk`yy oadnadiak peafaga} si giìkaqipaga} ezkèk niildiìk y}el$ pefaciàdga hd`yyky n`g+ Eas gepiqeddiaki èqekeel hpeqe lhkydek peafa oidnidiakqe`gqde niildia ekde`g si eepgeqe lee siàg+

Igika zaqezipadiakak$ Igika dhoa si àezrhezkk ` dlidiì E}ioeqjekediqfakì qeqg hd`ylde fi pd caladia edp'zp iìoadijil$ Igika rhshlepdkk siIgika cea}gakak ezd a q}k er hpeqe leeoadijil laperdek qe}dgez peafa sifeqepa oa kig pegelpe`+ Oy qkì qpdik eepgedek ezd egej$ E}ioeqjek

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Pldiakak nigapi si nkg}ì Igika Zhyky adi ledep rhodigdia fi qkqdi`yqygel$ opk gizididia peafa oidnididi `kqe legyhqyke$ ydyzed piladepdee èfehomilpaciladì zykgelp+

Calaga}ji oy eepge$ Igikadiak E}ioeqjek Pldiaki le qpg hd`yyzaqezipdiakak a q}kk edgez si odnizid hqykjydek oy hdeqe qeldegdek hd`yy

naoa homilpaciladì hpeqe lhqge qkkì epdg e`gdeèk oaa hdeel ìidikàadioada+Oadakàa naoa$ `kqekk zri ndiakìk oaa hdek Zhsqipdi Oadaakakèdgezkèk zhke qika mihrhdapal nidagidi oe nzpigiqi oede`+ Oy `yyg$ izlaZhsqipdi Oadaaki lhgy hdek$ qika oegz} Pl ìsdipdiaqdi peafa$ àka si ldpid

oedee zefar Plaqi si ài lhgy ìsdip hdek ekk è zpepimal si mihrhdapal kigakaepgp+

Oy lhkyqy zigigak oahl kiìka se+ E}ioeqjek Igikazpek epgezke si oyepgeqe odnizid hqykjyde hdek _yzqe$ ek si Plaqikak zaqeza qeldegdeke qddeèk

oia zinidik qhyk adnagìk `hdeq$ oqdi oa eepge qergeq ege iàkàg+Oy edgeè Igika Gizidizaka$ Igikazpekè si E}ioeqjekè jiiqek iìk

rhdapal nidagidia$ odnizid hqykjyde hdek _yzqe$ ek si Plaqikak mihrhdapal ledek

pefdad ipgiqi edpg+Eepg hd`yyg oy edge adi sepekge le hdek ohjygy oa kio}i ì hdze

qiaki nipagiqi neqip ippag+Oy edgekk pezedekgezkèk oedeqeel fi eegezkè faoa cièledlpek lekgeqek$qe}gkèk zhke fi zepk hlyqyr niilda `}idpgidia qerek si opk lqgipda oadnadiaka

oikagdi reqdeek ìida fhjeg Zeqk Rhc+ @+ Qesy} I_JEKe$ oy lhkykyk qe}droapaadàa zi aiazakì oeke siàa fi pd ìzpilpik `hdeq$ fedik E}ioeqjek GaddaIapag Oelekdkè nis qergelpe hdek Zeqk @h+ @+ Edaree ]IQKEDHSe ik apikpiilldiaga zykyqhyg+ Plaqi easdiakìk oidni pigakakì igia niik Plaqida`hzpdege è gpiillaag+

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LAZEDPGEDE_

EO = Esyre OadaaEJ@R = E}ioeqjek Jygfyaqipa @isdip Riphd alipaE+ n+ i+ = E` niik iziE+ n+ g+ = E` niik gelediE+ n+ l+ = E` niik leqkelENP = Esyre Nsikdaloadaa PiladepEFJ = E}ioeqjek Fedl JirfizaELLE = Esyre Lhksekzaqhkid Lyssipdi EkpdegezELR = E}ioeqjek Lhgkazp RepazaElp= = ElpeekEZEDE = Egikaek Zijip Egqph Daoiepahk hc Egikae &Igikazpekk

Lypydyy aak Igika Na}da H`yzy!O+ l+ } = Oelk}O@P = Oegz} @isdipdi PhrdydyyJIKPH = Jikped Piepq Hneka}epahk &Gili}a Ekdege np!IJH = Ijhkhgaj Jhrhepahk Hneka}epahk &Ilhkhgaloadaa

Piladep!IYF = Igika Ydyzed FeilipaIQO = Igika Qe}ede OadaaNEPE = Ndfeki Ezlia Pr EleìgazaNL_Q = Nkiq Loz _yg QkipagaF@P = Fe}e @ika}a oadaa Piladep

LIP = Leeìka} Ilhkhgaloadaa PiladepLNO = Lhgapip Nhzyèzpsikkhq Oi}hrezpkhzpa &@isdip Nsikdal

Piladep!L@R = Làzpek @ighlep RepazaKSO = Kefsek Sepekzisidi Oadaa_C = _yzqe Ciìezqhky_L&o!R = _yzqe Lhgkazp ohdisal RepazaZO = Zhsqipdi OadaaZHJE_ = Zpepi Had Jhgrekq E}ioeamek _iryodaj

&E}ioeqjekJygfyaqipa @isdip Riphdalipa!ZZJ = Zhsqip Zhzqedazp Jygfyaqipa

POGG = Plaqi Oql Gaddip GijdazaPij+ = PijgiPPL = Pl Peaf LyygyYZJ_ = EO@ Ngik Lhgapizaso+ = si oik}idia

SAAA


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N_

E}ioeqjek peafakak ik ed si ejd zeqcedekèk oaa hdek Igika Gizidiza$

zhqlgde si ài cidelipdi E}ioeqjek fedlkk leìakì ìak oa ll zedg si hlrefedqe ged hdgypy+ Ege y}yk qdde zyzpylpek zhke si ì likàga}i oed hdek sihdgeqek kiìkdi q}kìk E}ioeqjek fedlkk oeke nipaadik cidelipdiak eeledgez$ ikadgiza si `kqe legyhqyke `yqyydgez aak oynk nika czepde

oydykgypy+ Opk oy cidelipdiak si cejaedek peafa lldia$ zhzqh'rhdapal egaddiaeepdged$ oy cidelipdiak llkì `yek oe} ndiak zaqeza qeldegdeke rhdapal ìisiadgida si pioda iàdgidaà+

E}ioeqjek Pldiaki le hpeqe lepdg hdek Igika Gizidiza si gaddaepgede$ _yzqekk hl yzpedlde fe}de` rdekdek eege eege feqepe niaadgizakakgekpla zhkyjy aà+ Hkyk zhkydeke oadagzid qeldeg oadàadgida$ Ndazpek si Plgikeqekdegedekk aialdia oynkl si nidijil kizaddii elpedged`+ Nikiddaldi oa}di$ oa

gaddip hdeel ykyplekdl fazdiaka likàga}ìk y}eldepged$ lag hd`yygy}y$ likàpeafaga}a ykypgegedq}+ Oyeè Nj oadag eèg dqe esese`}ikak z}diakiìakgiìk niigiqijiag=

+++Oeledekk ki `k`k oadgaqhy}$ ege oa}i ni$ gaddip likà peafakaykyppyy }egek hkyk l oede+ Lag hd`yyky$ kiiìk nidar kiiqi nappaakaoadgiqik$ ezdk si llk pekgeqek oa qypzy} zizia ezd akzek zeqdge` naoa$ likàpeafaka ykypek gaddip ì gaddip zeqdege}+ Peaf kià8 Peaf lag aàl$ laga}$ laghdeje}$ qeka nigaaga}$ oynkg} si nidijiaga} fellkè lhkyek oa zedkegià+Peaf$ gaddipak opk sedk ledoakak ìakdaldiakì ni}àa si oykykde è fi oagaddipak gipekipa$ lyìpa$ nidijia aak idì ippaa n si nsika eqke naoa likàzakì

qekzp+Gaddipak oql si kì efzaqipdia$ aakì pe` e}y si azpildiakak pijgek

hdyr$ ceedaqipdiaqdi likà peafaka qeepde+ Oykdee azpakeìk oa} zqdqhy}= Ii gaddip$oa gaddip hdeel qeegel azpaqhze$ qiq}kìk oa ph} hdeel zadakgil azpigaqhze oy pefzaqipdiaka ykypgeged`+ Hkde ykypgel$ likà lagdaaka ykypgel ìgilpa< akzekla$ likà lagdaaka ykyppy lagi si kiqi de}g`8 Oy p akzekde$ eke zpkìk eqd`

nkìk hky `kqeqe nipaik$ hke feqep siik ekkizaka pekgeqek oa sefaà+ Oa}di$oynk qedk} gaddipak oql si kì efzaqipdiakak fa}gipdia zeqizakì gisjypoydykyqhy}+ Opk oykdek qek ze hkdek ài fa}gipdia ì se`+ Hkde gaddipak oysiqe ài `yygdeè kiqi zefar hd`yyky$ ki naoa ìijidii ydeeoadijiaka feoisiadi+ Gaddipak peafakì oql efzaqipdi$ kigda hdeqde ki leè hlze$ h gaddipak

oqld$ lyìpa si c

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kè akle iàdgi} ìdaddi ì oa h leè hlpy+ Ii`k jek jekkèk$ lek lekkèk hdekde eezkèk e`d$ zekd$ kigda efzaqipdilgze$ qek eqk `yygè kiìk qdi efzaqipdi qipagizak la 8+++

Isip$ oy z}di Nj fedlkk oql hdy dqe esese`}iqi eappa+ Ledigi edk`peafpik5 qdde nizi ì si 5222 qd nizi èfa igakag la$ oy gàl z}di kigakaleqoipgiqijilpa+

hy }egek peafpik zhky leegeqek fedldek cejaede piledek= oe}de aakilik$ oe}de aak ni+++

VAV+ q}qdk oedekè _yzqekk Nkiq Leclezqeq anedakìk apaoeik agàlaIgikazpek phrekè oak qdde ohqy qeeg Pl ohqdekk lekd si cidelipda nkdia

oedegp+

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Peaf ohqy oele phreldeè n} hdek Igikadiak Oql Igikazpek ìsdipalyge naoa ndia$ Fazpaqek fageqijadaa riìza edpkè igriqedazp oa zaqezip qpik_yzqekk è lede adi yqygelpeq`+ Oy oelgèk _yz greephdyyke Plaqi$ eksi E}ioeqjek zkde lizaakì$ nsikada gppical si `hzp niilgilpiqà la$ idsiadaczep lp ekèk apaoeik oy nsikada `hzppek oa pegrdak hdeel qeedekzk+ Nsikada

`hzp hdeel kiìk Igikadiak ziadàa adidiqik odgdiì opk piciyep adiekdepdejelp+56?6 qdkè _yzqe adi ek eezkè qerdek Plgikeq ekdegezke ni$ Ly}iq

E}ioeqjekk Kefsek si isek fekdlde ee}azakì Igika sadeqipa hdypyydgypy+ Oyodnidii ek si Plaqiìk Igikadi npdiil zeq zpkd Igikadiak difakiìapaadgapa+ _yzdeèk qe`g edek si fageqi nik Igikadi$ zadefdekeel agàlaIgikazpekk fi qiaki si Leeoee ìcedeje zed`de `}ikdiqiil zadefz} sizesykgez} E}ioeqjek Pldiaka d`g$ ged sedldek gzeìi ipga$ hkde isza}$

oelz} oelgde`+ Oy p lepdaegde$ 5129'5123 si 5156'51?2 qddekè èfe è epgsi E}ioeqjek Pldiaki le$ peoaa jea}zi ii$ oa zhqlg zaqezipa niildipaadgapa+

5106'519: qddekè Feypqykhs&qek! Galhqek Zpedak dzkk niildipaàa

hqykdee è n} qygydgy$ Igikazpekè 592 oaki qelk E}ioeqjek Plki lepdaegqerd` niia$ y}yk zi legyhqykèk zeldekgp+

Igikadiak$ 5166 qdkèk apaoeik$ _yzqekk ezlia rhpekzaqidaki si Oepè oe}Igika qekdz ìsdipdiak qe`gke nsikiil$ Leeoeè E}ioeqjek Pldiakiqerplde lepdaegdee `kqe ìsdipdia si legyhqy zizza} ledgp+

E}ioeqjekè qeeqek Igikadii @edl Leeoeè gyfpeaqip siadàa fedì '}ae gyfpeaqip$ ìsdipdia hdgeqek ipkal fedldee siada ' agàla Igikazpekè qeegE}ioeqjek Pldiakak felde iddiakìk edkg$ daqelepdia ededpdg si feleipiyegde`+ Igikazpekè fir ekpae}ioeqjek rhrenekèz qpdg si oynk ìqpdgilpià+ Gadda si àka eqgjdl$ ekpem$ hsika}g$ eza}g? si ekilzaqhk: zaqezipaIgikazpekè izga ìsdip zisaqizakì qpd`kìk$ VV+ q}qdk zhkykè oa li} èfe$peafak oidada eegedekè }egekde likàka hpeqe lepek Igika fezpedkk qikapi}ef redegp+

Niilpi$ nidikilzid a`àede si pedirdiìk feilipdi nkìgi nipaadik si zilda oapgek nzpiiil akzekdl peafakì ìak qeede eek Igika Gizidiza$ fi }egek oeelp Igika Ladaziza$ Igika àezrhez$ _yzqe si Ndhoed Oep peeckèk ìzpildikgapa+

E}ioeqjek si Plaqi ezkèk idi edzel$ fi ala ìsdipak nkìgakì fir IgikaGizidiza se hdgypy+

E}ioeqjek hdeqde si @edl Leeoe rhodigakì$ zilda Igika qekdz peslhqek si izga hnekdeè oy pes lee fedaki `kpik Ndhoed Oep dlidia$ E}ia Igika epgedek legyhqdeke zilda oaagì Rekplazp si Rekazdegazp oa feilip

hdeel dekzi ipgiqi ed

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+ Oy zikeqh adi izla Zhsqipdi Oadaa aakì qeeqekFazpaqek lizag adi Gzdgek lizagdia le leqe nipaiil epgeq zedegel azpiàaelp+ Ege$ qldek Lhgka}g kjz qiaki$ qika oa kj qeepgel si oy zyipdiqkippaldia lapdidia àzardaki ipgilpa+

Oegz} oa Igikazpek Jygfyaqipakak lyydgez si Hpe`hy ìsdipdia eezkèmekège hd siadijil oa lee'eè ìsdipa qeepdgez eoede$ Ndhoed Oep ndiakak A+ siAA+ @kqe Zesede zezkè oa pd niildipaigiàldia zpepimal ìkniqa$ }egekèkqeedekeel qikaìk si f}d oa oaagì lyge egej aakì hd`yldek nzpigilpià+Plaqi }iakì qhykdeek iapda qerèla oezlde akzek felde$ ìghleza$ }iddaldiIgika si Lp Gizidiza$ Loz adi hdekde$ `hyèk `hyqe z} lhkyzy zpepimaqi oa ekkji ieda}i ikàizakìk leqkeldekgelpe`+ kzek felde adi adnada Oep oezldekk edpkè

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è oy niil se`+ kzek felde adi Oepkk lede }ìdigapa+ Igika niia$pia}ga si zr `yek lekd zed`dek elezkè ki }esedd Igika fedlkk oegz}d$ki ì nidijia se`+ Ege$ zpepimakak ohge khlpezkè oa Fazpaqek si Oepqe oed oaìsdipak hdgez+ Oy rhpekzaqid Igika fedlkè nd`+ kl qdde ohqy Oep `kqezkèIgikadi aak ghed ìzpil zedeqejel oa legyhqy qeepdgp+ Ezdkè oy ìsdip

Fazpaqek Njazpek Jygfyaqipa ì hdeoada+ Ege qipiakji legyhqy ìzpia qhl+ Gizidi oyleè oezap Oepkk egej$ zpepimaqi yqnyk fep }iakì lhkphd nsikada oa oaagì silyddekdeoada zisaqiì idì pypge feilipaà+

@ai oa peecpek$ nd oa Plaqikak si E}ioeqjekk se hdyy$ lhgyde si`kqe re}edek reqdeek Ndhoed Oep ezkèk oa ikài leqke e} iì+ Oy egede }id

rhdapalede ippadi+ Igika pi zydydek dlidiakì oek``de+ Oe} Esyre ìsdipdiafaoa peafzid oidniqi oedekegeqek Igika a`àedek qezeqe oede`+ }iddaldi PlaqiJygfyaqipa$ Pifja ìad$ zhqlg a`àez$ Loz zhyky$ Ini lpe zefekd zhyky$ OepPelqe Pldia zhyky$ RLL zhyky naoa hqykdede liqi zlpdgel azpikà si oy egekigda dì niildipaadà+ Ydyzdeeez adaladiì$ ` rhdapaleè si àrdhgezaì Plaqiqikadà+ Oepe Oepd dlidi hdgel }ii `kqe$ pik pifdali hd`yyky ekjel 55 Iqdd

?225 peafakì ekdeqeoadà &%!+ Qiàq} oakìk ce}de Plk dgki kiìk hdek Igikajakeqipdiakak$ hpy} oi oak akzekk jekke lqek RLL pikk$ pi hd`yyky ekdeqeoadgilaak 55 Iqddì ala yek ala oakeqe ereel `p oaki qelk gezyg akzek d`gizaniilaqhgy+

Plaqi si E}ioeqjek niil nigapi$ niilzi ì nkg}ì$ oa ìsdip hdeelidoippi likàdiaka lhygel `yygykè`de+ Oahl dlikak$ lede niia oykyekdege}èk nidgiza$ niildia ìapagi}+ Feld hd`ylde aak zyzgel qiaki$ feldhd`yldek `kqeqe ekdepgel niilpaaka Plaqi si E}ioeqjek ni ekde` Oy ekded`lpekzhke lhkyqde adnada edgede si eepgede oede`+

pi$ idaka}ìla oy edge$ oqdi oa eepgekk zhkyjy`y+ Oy eepgekk kigdahdek qek$ Pl Igika adaladiakak Leclezqe ohqypyke ìakadga hdgez`+ Oyeepgeè$ z} iàdik ilzaldaldi oql dì naìadgiqi si lhkyqde adnada kigda oa

ohdyl `hd`yydgeqe eddgp+

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12/200

O_KJ ODG

I_GIKDI_K LGD si OQL I_GIKZPEK ICZEKIZ

Igika oadag eègde Igika peafaka èfe izladii npgil azpizidi ì niilpiIgika phrdygykyk izla peafa fellkè peg oa n oadaa gisjyp ìadà si leekdlledgelpe`+ Igika oadag eèg Enhr Gidal Enhrqek$ ài e`qde _ecca$ qe}g hd`yyZegsid e`d iziakì Igika phrdygykyk peafa fellkè ykde oidapgilpià= +++Oa}agpeafaga}ì fedl pegegik ykypydgypy+ Oa} Igika lqdzkk kezd qee`k oadgaqhy}+Eedeqde fekna adalaì hd`yyky$ ki qaqar ki apaaka$ ki p idoazi naqàaka oadgaqhy}+

Oa} Igika zekepledekk ki adi yepldek$ Igika pjjedekk fekna dlididi pajeaadaladi ly`yldek oadi oadgaqhy}+ Oa}ag peafaga} opk oykde fellkè zyzyqh+++ Oa}agpeafaga}ì$ feppe fedlg}k ik e}egipda nj hdek le`kdeg} fellkè fa oa oadna

qhlpy+++0

@efe zhke h$ +++Oqdiji$ oa}ag lyy peafaga} peafaqi hl e} oadna sigilpià+Oa}ag izla iìoaqepg} ladazi qe}dekèk9 piqi naìgigapa+++ Oa}ag izla iìoaqeppe qeegpe}dekk$ eìpdiak$ nidikildiak$ eadikak si phrdygzed adaladiak pezsaa qhlpy+++$3àqi

oidapaqh+Oy siqe ài Igika peafadia ì$ kiak< Lfhikda Ghazi$ Phge E`}hyka si

àidia$ likà eedekè Igikadiak izla peafa si llikdia lhkyzykè cala oadaa aakììaddià+ Oy è hkdek ekeqypdekk kiiza hd`yyky pepged ldgelpe`+

Oe} peafadi$ Igika peafaka G+ + ?:92 qdke$ KYF Pycekke leè èqekèelKyfyk phykykyk phyky FEQ siqe FEQL adi oede`k a`àe ipzidi ì oy a`àede oadage`ke niildia qekzpgegelpe`+ Eqk }egekè$ Igikadia Yepydee$ Pel'Canqezhqyke$ Nkiq Leclezqe lke$ Pyek lke$ Fapapdii sz+ èqekèk oik}ia ndia ììzpildiqaja faoa lekpe ezpdekgegelpe`+ Oa ài ìadi$ oykde peeckèk pigzadiàdàldiaka Igikajiì oyd`ylde oale z}dl oik}idaaki èqekeel adia zikdi sezeè oy sezeqg peecpe oydegegp+>

Igika peafakìla idalaqi àllep ilik Reyd Fik}iqi ni$ Igika peafakakakjidikgiza lhdeq ìadà+ Oy peaf y}yk$ legel$ lzgik leekdl si nikiddaldigkeleed`+ Igika peafa figik figik pegegik Igikadi peeckèk qe}dgp+ kllikà peafaka qe}ek oa lagzi hky qjidpgil si hkyk pepged khlpedek homilpac oa

oaagì akjidigilpik lekgel iadagakìà+ Igikadiì oy `yyg }iddaldi ndgilpiàsi VV+ q}qdk hpedekèk apaoeik aqaji hpeqe lgp+6

Igikadi$ peafdiaka n`ldia naoa ìad$ ngil azpiàldia naoa qe}g si oykyk

rhrenekèz

k

qerg

de`

+ Likà peafdiaka èfe è izladii npiil `kqe giìkaqipaka$qe}q$ ezphdhmaqa$ oel si ìga geìkjadaaka likàdiakak licippaaka si `kqeè akzekfeqepkk Zisek Nd1 lqdekèk oede`k a`àe ipgilpi52 si eqje Fazpaqekd adl

0 _ecca$ Zegsid$ z+539 Ladazi qe}dekk ài e` Iseknidaqe`+3 _ecca$ Zegsid$ z+ 59> Igika peafadiakak idaik ndia aak ol}< Legyek Nk$ Igika @hzqez$ z+ 5?$ 53< Izep Yez$Peafpi Igikadi si Igika Gizidiza$ z+ ??$ 522$ 525< E+ Edri Ne}anaeq$ Hzgekdèk Nkg}i LeèSizaledede Igika Pikk Leqkelde$ z+ 5?< Fedad Gipak$ Plaqikak Zaqeza Peafakì Igikadi$ IgikaHdeqde+6 Reyd Fik}i$ Igika a`ìpakak Llikdia$ z+5>:$ 5>01

Peafa e` Nli Nd hdek oy nd$ Igikadiji Zisek Nd hdeel ìapaadgapa+52 Oy lhkyè èfe nika oadna aak ol}= Lhdoid idhsiizpse ke Piaphaa zphaizlhq Egikaa= fppr= (( ~~~+e}n+ Eg( _Y( ?22?2526( ?22?25265>+ zfpg

0


13/200

leoyd iìk phrdydyl hdeel skgilpiàdi+55 Fea 'Pef`5? aìhdhndekèk hdek si egaddaqipa ndia adi pekkek Igika qe}e ]ha Oedeqek$ Igikazpekk oelikpa Iasekkqeldel ?>?2 qd5: kji ake iàdàaka a`àe ipgilpià+ Oedeqeke ni$ Iasek _hge siOeoad leè ekpal oa likppa+ H$ Iasek phrhkagaka eldegeqe edeelqdi oa a`àe adiazgilpià=

+++ Iczekiqi ni$ Kyf Riqnegoi Pycekèk zhke adl n` oa lee reezkeIisygi$ qeka N}lqh$ àqi oeg si oy lee reezkk e` Iisek hdeel peafinigapa+++ Oedeqek$ eqk }egekè zep eezkè Kyf Riqnegoiak Igika hd`yyky èzqdigilpià+50

@+ Fekajf Ry`h$ Igikadiak Fazpaqek hdgelde oieoi Zega lkèk hd`yyky$ik n}i oepek kapidaldiakak oyykdekk legoy$ ledk si leoe hd`yyky< D+ Zyci$Igikadiak Qefyàdi adi oadalpi Fapapdiìk nidàaka< ^+ Z+ Ghkhi$ Igikadiak l

oelgkèk ekd$ Oidyja si aknikididi fzg hd`ylde$ ikldiakak oiqe}èk }iqpakiknaki leè iapda$ zeleddekk dirazle siqe lizpeki iknakì$ n}diakak aa zaqef si gesa$

oyykdekk Qefyàdiakla naoa oidada iladì lkpd hd`yy si oy zioirpik `hdeqlikàdiaki Fazpaqek Qefyàdi ìkadàaka ki zgdià+59 Igikadiak lag hd`yldek

si kiiì piilld oyd`yldek Igika oadag eèg Gekyl Eoilqek y iladìoidapgilpià= +++ Igika fedlkk gikia kià$ kezd si ki }egek $ kiiìk si feknaqhddede oyedee53 nidgadià8 Igika hdgeèk kji si zhke fekna phrdydyldede adalaìoydykgyde`$ hkyk àdaki$ ipkal llikdiaki lagdi kezd ipla ipgapa8 Oa}ag idaga}ìoykde lekpdeqek el si lizak oadnadi qhlpy++++5>

_yz oadag eèg S+ D+ Sidalh$ Igikadiak peafaki si gikiaki eap hl kigdaoadnadi sigapa= +++Igikadi lagdià8 Hkdek ezd gikia lhkyzy hl e} eepdgp+Peaf$ hkdek Oeoad izeipa ìsakì si Qiyzedagak56 qldgezkèk zhke Qefyàdiakoql oa lapdiza adi lepk azrep iàqh+ Ekphrhdhmal oelgèk hkdek oql oahykdyy oelazicedà$ qeka oedekk ika y}ykykèk ce}de`$ lzeleced` si Zfekpk$

Ilipak$ Rekpqylhsyk si ài oadag eègdekk eepgedekèk ekded` naoa$ oyjafippik èQefyàdiaki$ feppe Zahnadèkadii$ qeka Ezyadii èfe hl oik}aqhde+

Rhc+ @+ @+ K+ Ekyak$ Igikadiak Ea leoadiza ìad ì$ èfe lizak hdeel àdoelgkèk Eadiga oa leoadi hd`yyke àllep ilaqh+ Opk oykdek qek ze likàdiaka

Igika }ekkiìkdiak fa ì firza ezd Igika llikaki fez ìadà+ Igika ìnazaGy$ Igikadiak ài fedlde ezagdi ipgi oeedekèk oefziìil 5612d qddek

zhkykè ezagdi iàdga aknikidiak Igikadi eezkè hykdyl pilad ippaakanzpiaqh`y+

Leclezqe ekphrhdhny @+ + + Rekpqylhs$ oql Igika nyrde lhkyzykè èfeadnak oa zhkyje segp+ H$ Plaqiìk qe sefa ngikdiak Pacdazi nidàldia }egek

czeppek qeedekeel oe} Pl Igikazakak ekphrhdhmal dzk edgp+ Zhky apaoeaqdi$

55 G+ enkaqek$ Semkhqi Zhopaqizphaa$Dapiepykeqe Ne}ipe$ 5: Iqdd 51>65?Fea Pef`$ Igikadiak @esez siqe Igika Ydyzed lede ekdegke nida+5: ]+ Oedeqek$ 5160 peafakì qeqkdekek Hen e`d lapeokè$ Iasekk nqe ?>2? qd kji ake iàdàakaa`àe ipgilpià+ Lapeoke ni$ nkg} ezkèk ìidikàadàakì$ Iasekk akez ?>?5 qd kjizakièqek+ Niilpi azi Iasekk ezd azga isek hdyr$ 5921'5952 qddekè ef zgead Fepeqa$ si}aa_iseknydy Feke oy phreldeè ledi ake ipgiqa igipgapa+ > qd aiazakì ]ikna kifakak lqzkè akeiàdik ledi _isek hdeel e`dek`dgp+ E}ioeqjek Plizakì fedl àdakì _ feca adi oedeqek e`dekkkì feca lyddekd` aak _isek ledizakak azga ì zhkedeisek hdeel ìaagi yegp+50]ha Oedeqek$ Hen$ Iasek$ Zhsipelek Nhn qeqkisa$ 5160$ z+ :2$ elp= Fepig Jeooed$ Plaqikak

Igikazpekèlagem$ Igika Eepgede @inaza$ z+ 50959 Zeà Lhe$ Peaf Ohqykje Igikadi si Pl'Igika daladia$ z+ 0?$ 0:53

Qe}e$ oyede ìlik Leclezqeq lezpiàqh+5> Gekyl Eoilqek$zphaqe Egqekzlhnh Dapiepye$ z+5556agàla Ly`z

9


14/200

hkdek oql oa lzgkk sjyp kapidaldiaki ni ezd Lpdi hd`ylde lekzkesedgp51

E}ioeqjek peafadiakak E}ioeqjekde si oy odniqi nidik fedldede adnada qerghd`ylde eepgede$ agàla E}ioeqjek odnizaki si hkykde lhgy oydykek qidii Fakp'Esyre fedldekk qeldel G+ + ?+ oak qdk hpedekèk oedeqeel nidàldiaka

lekpdegelpe`+E}ioeqjekk Pl qy`yke `kgizaki adalak iapda pi}diak oydykgezke egikoe} oadag eègde$ E}ioeqjekk peafaka si oe} Pl lesagdiakak E}ioeqjekè sehd`yldek siqe nidàldiaka hl èfe izla peafdii npgilpiàdi+

Oe} peafadi$ E}ioeqjekè Pldiak oa gaddip hdeel hdyygyky ZidyldydekE}ioeqjeke nidaaki oedegelpe si Pldk oy ìsadiì felag ipkal ykzye`kpk oidapgilpiàdi+?2 Oe} peafadi ì E}ioeqjek Pldkk peafaka hl èfeizla peafdii npgilpiàdi+ Leqkeldek siga hd`ylde oadnadii azpakep iìdag Oykyknaoa ài Pl ohqdekk è$ kiak$ Liknidi$ Riikildi$ Edoekde$ Zesede si ài

ohqdek èfe izla `kigdiìk E}ioeqjekè qee`ldeke èa qipiakji leqkelde se`+@ai oa ìdad< elihdhnde E}ioeqjekè G+ + AA+ oak qdk zhky$ A+ oak qdk oedeke eapgi}edeè lerdygoee pezsaaka ì hpeqe legde`+ Oy gi}e pede adi Pldiak ikizla eoaìdiakìk oaa hdek Ldpaakak gi}e pe }iakìla lerdygoee pezsadia eezkèla

oik}idal G+ +'la ìsadiì E}ioeqjekè Pl llikda ohqdek gisjyp hd`yyke èaizezd oa ìdadà+

Eer àdda leqkeldee nidakji< SAAA'AV+ q}qddeè qeeg Ioy Gyfeggi` (Eo`d'Gidal aok Faeg$?6 Lapeod'Pajek ca Gdl Fagqi?1 e`d iziakì$ oiakjaEer Fedaciza A+ Gyesaqi &335'362! adi eè hdek oiq` aok iaqqi id'Jyga E}ioeqjekfellkè hl adnak oa oadna sigapa+ Id'Jyga$ peafa Ioy Gyfeggi` aok Faeg naoa zhqapaoeaqdi Eer Fagqi leoadizakak èkgekdekèk hdgypy+ Eld si oadnazaqdiziadàakìk Qigikìk Gilliqi edg si Fedaci A+ Gyesaqikak èkgek hdeelnisì oydykgypy+

ok Faegk e` niik lapeo$ ezdkè id'Jygakak A+ Gyesaqi adi eedekè niikzhfoipdiakìk hdygelpe`+ Laperpe adl Eer zicidia `kigakì h`ykyk E}ioeqjekèPldidi ledegede lhkyzykè oadnadi qi edgelpe`= +++Qigik flgè _ea

}egekkè$ hkyk h`y lygekèkag &egge! aok id'Le`èc aok id'Gkpeok 522 oakdalh`yzy Pldi }iakì idì ippaa nedaoaqippik zhke E}ioeqjeke naà+ Zesepe Pldi

qikal `pdi+ ag aok id'Le`èc Pldidi qerdek zese si hkdek qikadnazaka ala pe}iaki qe}``++++ok Faegk oy qe}dek Ioy Jeci Gyfeggi` aok Jeci ip'Pioia ì`hydeg si lapeokè oefzipgapa+ ok Faegk lapeokè$ iaqqi id'Jyga adi A+Gyesaqikak eedekèla lhkygedeke è ìakadgapa+ A+ Gyesaqikak id'JygaqiE}ioeqjek fellkè oadnadiaka}$ pidedek} si ekdek} kià8 zhyzyke id'Jyga yqekp sigapa= +++Hez hl izlaìk oia Pl qy`y`y+ Hkde oa eeqe nidiil oadigasi legde`+++:2

Leqkeldeèk è ekde

deje

}ii$ E}ioeqjekè gaddip hdyygy èfe izla peafdiileè napgilpià+ Oy p leqkeldee oesygeèk E}ioeqjek fedlkk hdyygyky VA'VAA+q}qddeè Zidyldydek E}ioeqjeke nidaaki oedeqek eepgejdek oadagzid hdeelqekdnqe `pldia fifedì elp+ Oe} peafadii ni$ Zidyldydek nidaaki leèE}ioeqjekk kcyzy Cez gikida hdgy$ Zidyldydek nidaaqdi Pldigi zijakinagadià+ Oa}i ni$ oy qekdp+ Ii Zidyldyde E}ioeqjekè qeeqekdePldipagadizi$ h }egek kiìk ek si ài lhgy dlidiak kcyzyke iplaì

?> Gefgy` zgeqdhs$ Zikak Ydy Oeoek$ z+ ?6>?6 6?6 ( 6?1 qdkè dgp+?1 Fagqi Flgède Fellkè Pede Lapeo:2

Ol}< ]aqe Oykqephs$ Ho}hzphkalhs rh zphaa E}ioeq`meke$ zphkala Eeozlaqi$ z+ 9< ]aqe Oykqephs$E}ioeq`mek s SAA'AV ss+$ z+ 56:< Edaqehs Z+$ Gefgy`hs$ C+$ E}ioeqjek Peafa }i Neqkende$ z+ 93


16/200

oydykegegde`8 Ezdkè Zidyldyde oy gyfapa ìapagiqi edgeg$ oadelaz ìsdipadiakì si zeeqdeè Pl àdaka ìad$ Cez àdaka lyddekgde`+

Nidgi Zhqde siqe Qida Fedlde naoa lesegdee ìakalik ykde è n} eìpgil gglk ìadà+ Qeka oy oa niilpa la$ faoa fedl$ faoa gaddip `kqeqeepd`kèk oia eqk phrelpe qee`k si gisjyp hd`yyky azrep iìgi}+ Fedlde$ ik

izla ìsadiìk iapda zioirdidi èage oa qiìk ài qidii n ipgadià+ Faoa fedloydyk`ylde phreldeè ll zedr oynkl `yygdeke nidgigapa+ Oykyk elzaka`kikdi peafpik feoiza}dià+ Oyeè qedk} kazrip gizidiza hdeoada+ Qeka oidada oa

odnikak peafa heè qeeqek fedlk peafakìk èfe izla hdeoada+ @efe `hyzy$ odnikakpeafa adi heè qeeqek fedlk peafa hy }egek yqygeqek oa felaleppa+ Oy$ akle iàdigi}

oa niilzi fi fekna oa fedle siqe gaddipi oyez zikak qiak ìad$ àqi zhydeoada ga8Ii oyky zhgel gglkzi$ h }egek Egialeè qeeqek opk Esyreddek$Oedlekdeè qeeqek gaddipdiak si Eke`hdyè qeeqek Pldiak sepekdek pil ipgidianiilijilpa+ Lzejez$ oadakgidaà la$ peafak fifekna oa zecfezkè fifekna oa phrel

reez }iakì qeeg zgil$ ekjel peafak aakì oy phreldek zefaoa hd`ylde a`àedekniida ldge}+ kl oynk ydyzdeeez phrdygyk si ìsdipdi fylylykyk leoyd ippaa

oegz} ìsdipdi si h dli phrelde }iakì qeeqek ydyzde h odniqi adl li} nidarqidiga akzekde ìadàdi+

Nd` naoa$ oy fyzyzdek edpk a}ilik$ qe}d peafak leoyd ippaa$ oadagzidgiph`hdhmakak sizaledee èqed hdeel azrep iàdàa oa Oql Igikazpek @isdipa sehdgegp+ Kapilag$ Igikadiak a`àe ippaldia }ii L}dgel$ Leeìka}$ Njazpek$ ek$Fe}e @ika}a si Ael phrelde eezkè qeeqek:5 oqdi oa ìsdip$ h`yde$ oeifadia$zesede$ nedaoaqip si gedyoaqipdia hdgegp+

Oy gek}ee lezkè$ peaf ohqykje ki oegz} oa Igikazpekk$ ki ì gppifapoa Igika gaddipakak gisjyàqipakìk oefzipgil peafa oa felalep hdeel ndgigilpià+Oy `yygè$ oa Igika ìsdipakak peafakìk oefzipgil ì }hdegelpe`+

Likà peafdiaka fi ki leè izladii npgiqi edzede è E}ioeqjek peafaezkèk kigda si niil hdek y`y la$ Igikadi Nkiq Leclezqeqe$ }iddaldi ìE}ioeqjeke si agàla Igikazpek odnizaki$ nkg}ìla @edl Leeoe zhykyke èzioioaqip pilad iìk 56?6' _yzqe adi ek eezkè qerdek Plgikeq ekdegezkk VS+ge`ìza niiakji _yzde peeckèk npdgdià+ ]epik oy lhkyè$ _yzqekk h`kigì Pefekèla peg qiplada gyeffez si oadag eèg Zp+ Ripizoyndy qe}e KalhdeqZfeshs$ iziakì oy niildia `hydegelpe`= +++Oa} lhdhkadigiqi ]eleclezqeqe:?

_yzde ìad$ àidiaka qidipaiil oede`l+ 56?3'56?6 zesedekèk zhke$ 56?6'56:2qdde eezkè ala zikiì 02+222ìk ce}de ek Igikaza si 60+222 Plaqi Igikazaka$Nikji si isek sadeqipdia adi Pacdaz sadeqipakak Ohed$ Edfedpzalfi si Elfedlededelaodnidiakì ik aqa legy ee}adiakak hd`yy phreldee qidipaàl+ Qidigidia aak

?22+222 ìzaep ìsdip ee}aza eq

dg

si ? gadqhk _yodi ìiakìla efza ee}aGzdgekdeèk zepk edkgp+ Nikjikak èdl lizaga si Nli nd lqzke Igikadiqidipaadà+ Leoyd ipgil niila la$ izga hdeel qidipaadik 5?0+222 Igikakak `kèneqa izga hdeel qidipaadikdidi oieoi zeqde ?22+222'ka nigilpià+ Oy q}qdoekè ]eleclezqeè 5$: gadqhk hdek Igikadiak 5 gadqhkèk ce}dez oidapadik leqkelde`hydpyzykè oy odnikak qida fedl hdgeqr$ oa}ag peecg}èk qidipaadikdià+++::

:5 Jiged Eke`hd$Igika @hzqez$ z+ 51:? ]eleclezqe= _yzqekk ]eleclezqe e`dek`` odni hke ni$ Leclez èdekk elezkè oydykekE}ioeqjek$ Njazpek si Igikazpek aaki edgelpe`+ Oy odni$ Plaqiì Nkiq Leclezqe si Oepè

Pekzleclezqe hdeel oadakgilpià+:: Kalhdeq Zfeshs$ Khseqe Ynh}e _yzzlhgy @idy s ]elesle}qi= Ri`zpeseqe _ezrhqe`le Gynekakeh`pzeg$ z+ 3:

6


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Ege K+ Zfeshsyk si oy niia `hydeqek ài oadag eègdekk è qe}`ldenaoa$ _yzde peeckèk Nkiq Leclezqeqe nipaadàldiaka Igikadi kiiìqzi ykypyqhde+Leclezqekk izla Igikazpek phre hd`yy si likàdiakak ì oy odnikak ik izla zelakdiahd`yy a`àedeke oe} oadag eègde zip oa iladì le lg si oy pypygdekizidiakì ele oidapgadià+

VAV+ q}qdk zhkdekèk apaoeik Esyre gazqhkidiakak ì ìzpiaqdi Igikadipeeckèk lhgy fedldee le fe}dekek si qkdikàadik aìhdhmal rhrenekèkk ezdaiaa si egejk nzpiga hdek _yz oadag eèg S+ D+ Sidalh$ lapeokè qe}qh=+++Igika gefedda hlyddekè ikjadi Oql Igikazpek feapezk ' la$ ee}aza Shhkimiydeqh si oelikpa ì Pacdazpa' ikaqhde+:0 Peoaa la$ hkdek oy `kjiza opkLeclezqedde$ h oelgèk E}ioeqjek Pldia si Njdi peeckèk è fhledekgqh`y+ Niik ezdeè qeeg Nj oadag eègdekèk dqe esese`}i$Igika rdphlezaza si idapa fellkèla `kjidiaka qdi eldegp= +++Gii Njdiakezd Nj phreldeke hdek feldek akle iìk laperde Fyèoeisak$ Qiapzhsyklaperde ìad ga8 Gii Igika idapa ìad gaqà la$ niik q}qdè Ziklhszlakakeejdqde Njazpekè Njdiak hdge` si oyeè Igikadiak si ài fedldek

qee`ldeildakì yq`yge feoidi qeqqhde` si qefypqdi àqhde`= Njazpekkoa lzg Pacdaz ì èfad hdgel }ii hl izladiìk Igikadii eap hdgypy:9

dqe esese`}i$ Igikadi aak edek$ iapda qhddede py}ee `dikdiak ldezalkiaka ì oy iladì sigapa= +++ Zhkykjy zese }egek 56>> qdkè Cekz} ne}ipizaPigrzoa}ag gigdilipi Lypydy e`d oa ne}ipija nkìgapa+++ @allep iàka}$ oa}i nidaliklagdiak idaki `p lhkyzykè Lypydy ki qe}qh8 Oedpe azpezqhky qelkdekè kjiìk

rdekdekgiladì hky yed oa Igika zyoeq ledeqh+ H$ Cekz} ne}ipijaqa likàeeoezkè Pacdazi npqh si nidalik qhdè nidikildiak$ pidiak$ ifadiak$oeqegdek Igikadii eap hd`yyky azrepdegeqe edqh+ Oql oa yzpedlde py}ee`dik Cekz} ne}ipija ki qereoadaà8 Fi iq Igikadiakla hdgypy= Redegikph

Igikadiak$ cadh}hcde Igikadiak$ qigildi$ }aqecipdi$ oeqegde Igikadiak+++ H }egekPacdaz kiizaà8 Peoaa la$ oyez è Igikadiakà si Pacdaz ì Igika ifaà+ Yzpedldeedèpdek qeoekj oele zhky leeoada gaqà8 Igikadiak gazecarisidaaki feqekledek Cekz} ne}ipija Lypydy$ Pacdazpik eqdgeèk kji oykde àdi nipaaqh= Oidla$

Eìg riqnegoi ì Igikazpekd`8%+ Oqdiji$ Esyred ne}ipijaqa akek`gde` la$Njazpek Pacdaz ì èfad hdgel }ii Igikazpeke eappa si oy feoia kcy}dy ne}ipi hdekPigrzeejdqde opk `kqeqe `yqygyde`:3

Ekded` naoa$ Igika idapakak pypygde zeìji E}ioeqjek si E}ioeqjekPldiaki ìad$ eqk }egekè Njazpek si Njdii ì qkidpadgapa+ E}ioeqjeke siNjazpeke qkidal Igika azpildia si pypygde oynk ì ìseg ipgilpià+

59 Piggy} 516> peafakì Pekel daìdiakìk E+ Rere}qek$ repazakak Negl e`d

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Reazpi Igika'Cekze Ikzpapzkk si Igika Ne}adi Oadaakak `}ikdiàalhkygeè E+ Enekoilqek ykde zqdigapa=Oik Leeoek oa Igika phre hdgezkazpaqhyg+ Oa ilhkhgazp hdeel odnikak E}ioeqjekèk ce}de Igikazpekde adaladahd`yyky `kqhyg+:> Fi ki leè oy azpil alpazeà n naoa aceì iàdzi ì oy oa

:0 Sezada Sidalh$LESLE]+ _yzzlhgy @idy a Gim`yrdigikkqi Shrhz$ z+ 52>:9

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oedeknp+ ]ae ilhkhgal legycdem ykypydgegp+ Cekz} lhgkazpdiak qe}de nikidìqdi oede= Leeoe si Kefsek E}ioeqjek Jygfyaqipaki adfel iàdga Igikaphrelde+

qdi ekdedqh la$ oe} Esyred rhdapalejde @edl Leeoek$ E}ioeqjekk à}ipildiakì hdge`k ekdegqhde+ Qi$ jheca hdeel Igikazpeke qelk`$ ekjel oy

dliqdi zk qhlpy+ Oy eèk Leeoe E}ioeqjek phreldekk hpezkè oydyky< oy èìgilpa la$ Leeoe si Igikazpek eezkè oa E}ia phreliaà oydykgelpe si oy iap$@edl Leeoe q}dgkk qezk hdypygelpe`+ @hdeqzqde$ Leeoe Igikazpekeadfel ipgil siqe oele edpikepacdi ìkigil qika E}ioeqjek phreldek adfel ipgildi iekdegd`+ Igikazpekè aqa oadaka la$ oy hdgeèk @edl Leeoe Jygfyaqipakak sehdgez gglk ìadà+ @hdeqzqde$ @edl Leeoek likà likàka qkipgi felle`ke Igikazpekk iqdigaki leplè oydykekde$ ele adfele ìzpil hdgelpe`+ agàkqenqe zefar hdgeqek filiz$ Leeoe epgezkk llikakì IgikazpekkE}ioeqjekèla ledek zadefde zesykgeneqipa qeppk ele nioada+ Oy egede$Igikazpek oele oa dlikak zkdekè zese oedepgp+

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LKJ ODG

VV+ Q]QADAK OEDE_AK@E I_GIKDI_KE]I_OEQJEK@E QERPALDE_A LEPDEGDE_

E'@iagiqik Igika Cidziciza siqe Igika Rzalhdhmaza

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kjidaldi oadakgidaà la$ Igika gaddaqipadaa àk gaddaqipadaaà+ @kqeè oy pgaddaqipadaak oik}iaka oydgel hl }h+ Igika àk gaddaqipadaa aaki lerekgeq$ likàkapijap ipgiqa egedegelpe`+ Likàka Leclezqe fedldekèk si opkdlpi lhgydekèkceld ngi$ hy }egek hkdede epge$ qeka pijapadal Igika ydyzed ledekk pigidakahdypygelpe`+ Oy zioirdi ì Igikadi `kqekk iapda qidiakì qeegedeke egik$likà ìsdipdiakì likàdia `kè faoa gaddipak qeegezk azpigigilpiàdi+ Likàdiaì lhdeq ezagdi iàdioada naoa n}lzidi ì ezdkè oy nkì qdià+ @iagi hdze oadi

oy qedk} oaagzidà+ Igika$ `kqekk fi qiakì ekdeg siqe aial oelgkèkIgikaà+

Igika ydyzed ledekk si Igikazpekk ìsdip rhdapalezkk hdyygyky ipladiqik celp gisjyppy= 5! @kqe Igikadia$ qeka àezrhe$ ?! Igikazpek Igikadia$ :!

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5! Leqoiàdga phreldek aeìza si Oadial Igikazpek gadda ìsdipakakhdypyydgez$ qeka Oql Igikazpek fiìca 51?2 qddekè E}ioeqjekèqerdek lepdaegde$ 5156 qd Gep Kazek eqdekè Oel$ egef$ Nikji$ Nyoe zhqlg$5151 qdkè Njazpekk Ohed odnizakìla zese si lepdaegde$ 51?2 qd Geqz eqkèlaNikji azqek zezkè VA+ L}d H`y adi oadalpi likp efedazaka agfe ipgi ik kafeqip 5166qdkèk apaoeik qerdek lepdaegde$ Fhjed zhqlg$ ee}a aneddia si qika phrel a`àedekefe}dlde+

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odnidiaka$05 E}ioeqjekk Kefsek$ @edl Leeoe si Lye kifaki leè hdek odnidia$Njazpekk Ohed si Jesefipaqe odnidiaka lerzegelpe +

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yqned

l a`àede

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02 Fedi`àk oefagda$ e+n+i+ z+ 0005 Oy odnidi$ Igikadi peeckèk @hy Igikazpek hdeel ki zdgilpià+

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iapag sigildi ledgeg$ Igika lagdaakak pigid pek è hdypygypy+ qdi la$ ladazizildi edekè èfa elpac oa elp hdeel qiaka edgp+ Ladaziqi ni$ Igikadi 5159hdeqdekè qhl iàdgil azpikgadi$ ekjel oy hdeqèk lypydgyde`+ Ladazi$ oy `yygyIgikadiak ik kigda iczekidiakìk zeqdek Kyf Pycekqde }ìdipagilpià+ Likàdiaka

Kyfyk phyky hdek Feqlk hjylde hdeel pekgdeqek Ladazi Igikadiaki ni$

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Igikadiak Plaqiì 5610'5613 qddekè oedepplde leneede ZydpekEo`dfegap peeckèk oezpd`+ Oy leneedek piladepdekk si ajejdekk oqlhykdyy azi Leclezqekk iapda odnidiaki pekgde`+01 _yz oadag eèg KalhdeqZfeshs$ 5613 qdkè Nkiq Leclezqeè 122+222$ 5126 qdkè azi 5+:25+222 Igikakakqee`k oidapgilpià+ Hke ni$ zeìji oy ìsaì Nkiq Leclezqeqe qeldel 022+222Igika qidigapa+92 5126 qdkè _yzqe adia Oelekd rhdaz odgizakak oidnidiakì$

0> Oy repadiak ki leè pifdalida si zadefd oa pi npdia hd`yy lhkyzykè likà qeqkde ohd galpeèlekp zykgelpe`+ Oy lhkyè nika oa edge aak ol}= Fepjf @ezkeoiàek$ Fazphq hc pfi Egikaek

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oezk gikzyrdeke zed`de$ zasaddiak phrdege gili}diaki nkìadgiza si Fapdi qkipagakak Qefyàdii

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Plaqiìla gedyg hdeqdeèk zhke$ Nkiq Leclezqeqe 922+222 Igikakak nidàa sialak iqdigdii oe sy`ylde nzpiadgilpiqà+95 Oykèk zhke Pekelzpqyk repazede èfe è epg$ Leclezqeè ekpapl rhrenekèz oa feqda ndikgapa+

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Ezdkè$ _yzqekk zp `}iqdia ì 5129'5123 qdde Igika'Pl leneedeklikà difdiaki isagildi alada hqyk hqkegde`+ e gigyde Nkiq Leclezqeè epekeqeldekgedek ìsdip ediqfaki qkidijia ikàizaqdi Igikadiak Gzdgek Pldiakqee` odnidiì qerplde lepdaegdee n} qyggy$ oe} `yygdeè Igika qekdz oapypyg zinadiqiil fi ala peeck njkk ipkal epgedee zec iàdgizaki gyseccelhdgyde`+

3 yoep 5129 peafakì Oelì oa E}ioeqjek Plkk Igika lhgapijadiapeeckèk d`dgiza adi oedekek Igika'Gzdgek lepdaegde$ oa hl qe}edek è a`àeippaldia naoa$ oa pize`c zhkyjy ìad$ zc opk Leclezqekk }iknak Igikadiakak }egek}egek oa eeqe nidàldia ifaì$ qeka Oelì rdekd oa iladì oedegp+ IgikadiOelì Igika gadqhkidiakak qe`gqde azpiàldiaki ydeejeldeke$ Oelkk riphdzedpekepk iddiakì oydyk`yejeldeke si oykèk zhke Nkiq Leclezqeèk opkGzdgek Pldia zadef njqdi ler Igikazpek ìsdipa lyejeldeke igak oa iladì

95@ekela &} Gepiaedhs @irepegikpe Rhdapzaa!$ z+ 6< Hamakeda aak ol}< _yzqe Ciìezqhky @isdip Easa$c+52?$ d+ ?9:$ s+ 5'569? E}ioeqjek _izryodalez @isdip Peaf Easa$ c+ ?9$ d+ ?$ a+ ?269:

]eci }lek$ Peafzid Eliazakì PI__@IK RHDPLEQE I_GIKGIZIDIZ$ z+ 9>90 Legyek Nk$Igika @hzqez$ z+ :599 Senac E}ygekd$ Ke}ag Gyzpece$ Peafak Nee Zifacidia$ @IRH_PEZQE$ ZHQLA_AG$ NENAKDAN$ z+ 0>

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akekgelpeq de+ yoepk 3zkèk 52yke leè Oelì ìseg iìk lekd epgedezezkè fi ala peecpek siadik leqr 5222i ydeze è Igikadiak kaqipdia si rdekdeniildigigapa+93

Igikadi ?5'?: yoeppe isekè è lepdaegde qergde`+ G+ Z+ H`yoeàkaksiàa oadnadii ni$ 9 Geqz 5129pi Kefsekk Jifa lqkì : Gzdgek Plk e

qeedekgez si > Geqzpe oa Plk Pykoyd lqkì d`dgiza }iaki epgede èfeè a`ìpdikà+ Igikadiak Kefsekè qikadnadia }iaki leneede èfe è epp+Igikadiak egej$ adl hdeelisek si hkyk ipec lqdiaka Pldiìk piga}digil$ zhke aziG+ Z+ H`yoeàkak peoaakji$ isekèk Kefseke leè qhd }iakì qidiik zdeglqdiaka qegedegelde$ isek Igikadiaka Kefsekè fe} oydykek ezlia ndidioadipagil si Kefsekèk ]ikni}ye leè qhd }iakì hdek lrdia qlr ]ikni}y

nkdddia adi Kefsekèla ezlia ndia oadipagil naoa aik feqeddi9> ìk aoeippa+561> qdkè isekè si hke oed odnidiì Pl kcyzy :5:+5>3 hd`yy fedì 52

qd zhke$ qeka 512> qdkè oy zeq :2?+139i akgapa+ @igil la$ 5129'5123 qddekèqeldel 52+222 E}ioeqjek Pl lepdiàdgapa+

isekè egedeke ydeek Igika zadefd oadaldia Leeoeè è lepdaegde

qerpde+ 5 Fe}aekèk apaoeik oedeqek Igika zed`de zhkyjy Jioead'Leqenak odnizakiSiqzidda$ Leje$ igikda$ E$ Ldel$ Gi}i si ài lqdi ì oezd`+

5129 qd Lezg eqkè Nikji ifakì$ Jeseka si Le}el odnidiakì$ Pacdazifakì Igikadi leneede oedepeel oakdiji E}ioeqjek Plk lepdippadi+96

Igika oadag eèg Z+ ]eseqekk siàa oadnadii ni$ oefza niik ìsaì yeè5?$ Jeseka odnizakì 59$ Jioeadì 9$ ]ikni}yè 0:$ phrdeg >9 Gzdgek Pl lqqeldr$ qldgp+91

Nikid hdeel$ 5129'5123 qddekè isekè$ Nikjiì si ài odnidiì ?22ìkce}de lq si lezeoe qegedekg si lepdaegde qerdgp+

J' 5156 Qd Gep Lepdaeg

5156 qdkè Ly}iq E}ioeqjekè$ }iddaldi ì peafa$ ilhkhga$ giclyi gili}ahdek Oelì jiiqek ipga legel si gyegged hdeqde$ h `kigla _yzqekk àilidiakì jiiqek iìk hdeqdede lqezdegel gglk ìadà+ Oy hdeqde aiazakì iklhlyk hdek Gep Lepdaeg`+ Zhsqip peafakì a zese hdeel kapidikàadik oy hdeq$qika `kigdiì eas oidnidiakak qe`gqde rhdapal ìiaki lesygy oydykgelpe`+Zhsqip ìsakì hdeqde$ nikiddaldi p'oez iàdga$ lepdaeg si jakeqipdidi adnada oql}hdyldede idì iàdik oadnadiak$ efap dazpidiakak$ ge`à }eek galpeke eap oidnidiak$eepge eklipdiakak$ pekl aceìdiakak$ niildia qekzpek chph gepiqeddiak zpki zaqef

riì iladgapa+ Oy oidnidi$ E}ioeqjek Jygfyaqipa @isdip Peaf Easakì &@PE!$ ZaqezaRepadi si pagea Feilepde Peaf Easakì &ZRFPE! si ài easdiì oydykgelpe`+51?2 qd Zhsqip anedakìk zhke ai z}g qeoekj iìoaqep si qeoekj

peafakezdlpe oaalga ìida gepiqeddi$ adl idìk leqkelde si eas oidnidia h ìsakleqkelde izezkè qe}dge`kèk homilpac niildaa peg hdeel qekzpgegelpeq`+ Oy pzhykdee adalak peafa oidnidiak hpeqe ledgez$ q}qdk adl `kigdiakìk oedeqeel

Igikadiì akzeke kicip rzalhdhmazakak$ Pl d`gilpik gekisa }isl edge `kjizakakaiaakak edgez$ oynkl cidelipdiaga}ak lldiakak ee lesygezke$ odniì qddeèk

oia zinidik si q} oakdiji akzeke e}er siik gadda epgedee homilpac hdeel ìi

93 Giggi` Zea` H`yoeà$ Nekdddi$&Lekd Qdde!$ z+ >9>

Giggi` Zea` H`yoeà$ e+n+i+ z+ 55196 Senac E}ygekd$ Ke}ag Gyzpece$ Peafak Nee Zifacidia$ ++++ z+92$ 9591 Z+ ]eseqek$Ilhkhgaizlaqi Yzdhsaqe Leeoefe a nhdh` 5129'512> n+$ z+ 35

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siadgizaki oa feqda qe`g iìoada+ Rhodigdiak kizkid hdeel eepdgez$ E}ioeqjekpeafakì oa pelg ja`à gizididiak ee lesygez oelgkèk oql oa kig e}ipgilpià+

Gep Lepdaegkk eepdgezqdi oa lek hdypygelpe`= Y}yk zi piledegel}hykè led`g} a zese$ Gyzesep oeled`z$ ekpazhsqip eqeldekgez naoa

lyegdek peafa niildi faoa oe oydykgegelpe`+ Oykde pefac ipgil$ hdeqdeekpagadda qkìk ikgi eoedekèk$ qeka y}yk zi Zhsqipdi Oadaakì izga aìhdhmahdek peafadal igriqeda}gakìk oele oa iq ìadà+ Ezdkè$ Oelì Ohdisalfelagaqipa 5156 qd Gep eqkè lyydgypy+ Oy ìsaì Ohdisal'Pekel lhedazqhky

oakdiji Plk jizipdia zpkìk niiil alpaèe nidgapa+ H ìsaì Oelì oydykekknadpii lhkzhdhzy E+ I+ Gj+ @hkidd$+++ifaì jizipdiìk oele Gzdgek qhlpy$ àqi

oidapgpa+ Igikadi$ E}ioeqjek'Pl lepdaegk qereel Oelì felagaqipa idiniagadià+ Oy lepdaegk elezkè èfe oql oa ege se`+32 E}ioeqjekk SizeqLhkciekzke zyk`yy erhè nzpiadaqh= Gep eqkè Pl'Gzdgek lepdaegk

qerek Igikadi$ Oelq qida kcyzpek piga}digil$ hkyk zisipdiaki zefardikgil si zhkhdeel è E}ioeqjekk ik izla ifadiakìk oaa hdek Oelq Igikazpek phre adek

ipgil azpaqhde`35Leqkeldek siàa oadnadii ni$ A+ @kqe Zesekèk zhkela `kigdiì Igika

laper si ne}ipidia$ Oelkk A+ @kqe Zese zezkè Igikadi peeckèk aned iàdàakasi oy q}ìk ì Oelkk likàdiaki eap hd`yyky el oa iladì oidapgilpiqà+ H}egekde Oelì qeeqek Ohdisal Odqygak$ likà fepedekè Igika Pekeldekk 5156qd adloefekè ifaì ?2+222 cela Gzdgek kcyzyky lepdippaldiaka qe}gp+3?

5156 qd Gep hdeqde zaqeza si gadda kapidalpi aà+ Oy lhkyè Gifgip Igak_izyd}eì qe}qh`y= eygqekde peeckèk Oelì qerdek hdeqde Riphne` si

Ghzlhse hdeqdeke lizakdaldi oik}igaqh+ Heè zkcdeeez oa zese$ oyeè azizkcdeeez zese e` edpkè zhqlg qerdqh`y+ Pekelde akpaleg edqhde`+++ Gepk56akìk ?2zaki leè Oel Pl ìghlezazakak lecezkè repdepdek phrde$ Gzdgekdee

qerdek felz}dl E}ioeqjek calaka peqekde$ gyfpeaqip si oegz}dl dlz adiqeeqekde qhl ipgil aakà 3:

Oy nk aakì qerdek lepdaeg kjiìk `kdg$ ik akji eqkpdeke leèakadgapa+ Fe}dl eegez hdeel Oel lepdaegkèk oa fecpe kji Igikadi$ I}yygqelkdekèla Qiadqeqdeè :+222 Pl lepdiìil Hzgekd greephdyyky è likà

rhodigdia aaki ilgadià+305156 qd Hjel eqkèk Gep eqke leè Pekelzpqyk$ Ohdisaldi si ài Igika

gadda repadia E}ioeqjekd lepdaegk qergel aak iapda qkpigdii oe syyqhde`+Zhsqip zp `}iq qipladadia ì Oelkk qkipgidaakìla izez gisladia Igikadiakqiplazaki oelgde`+ E}ioeqjekk eq`k lizagdia oildikik pifdaliqa kjiìk

fazzipgadià+ A+ @kqe Zese

zhkde

kè Leclezqek

k F

azpaqek lizaga gelzepd

hdeelzadefdek`d`+ Gep lepdaeg eacizakì Nkiq Leclezqeè _yz Gadda Lhkziqakak Fazpaqeklizagi oadàaza `yqyyd`y+ Oadàaì$ 55 Geppek 56 Gepe leè 51'?9 qe eez opk _yznikdiakak ezlia zicioidai edk` oidapadaqh`y+ Ezlia zicioidal :5 Geppe zhk

oydejelp+39 Leclezqe jirfizakak lerekgez zhkyjy sepeke `kik _yz oadaldia zadef sijirfekidiaka hl yjy} caqepdee Ghdhlekdee si }iddaldi ì Igikadii zeppde+ Sepekdeke`kkji fh oa `yygde ledegeqejeldek oadàldiakìk `hdeq$ ezlidi Oelì

32 Jigad Fezekhs$ 5156 Qddloefe= E}ioeqjekè Igika Pia}ga si Pl'Gzdgek Zhqlg$ z+ 9?635 E}ioeqjek _izryodalez ZRFPE$ c+?>3$ d+ ?$ a+?2$ s+ 56'513? e+ n+ l+3:

zpalded ne}ipiza$ :5 Gep 515130 Eqkpd oadna aak ol}< Iksi Lhkyly$Igikadiak Qiadqeqdeèla Pl Zhqlg &55'5? Gep 5156!+39 E}ioeqjek _izryodalez ZRFPE$ c+?>3$ d+>$ a+ ?5?$ s+ 5

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26/200

ledgeq pijaf ippadi+ Zhkede Zpirek eygqek si pelg$ oy ezlidiìk Pl kcyzykele qeedek`+ Oelì Igika si _yz lyssipdiakak zadefdek`k nik qida kcyz$ yoep5156ì ifaìk lp+ Gep lepdaegkèk oa fecpe kji Pekel Repaza$ Oelìla `yygèkefepz} hdeel felagaqipa idi niagikak niilda hd`yyky oadàgapa+ Oy pifdaliqa kjiìkfazziìk Gzdgek'E}ia jigaqipdia$ likà zesykge ndiakak hdypyydgez nk

zesykgelpeq`de+ Hkdek piiooz adi Nikjiì$ Oelì$ Dikliekè Gzdgek ezliaoadaldiakak hdypyydgezke$ Oel Leìp hlydykè Gzdgek zyoeqdek fe}dekgez aakioedek`+ Ege oy adi hl e qpdqh`y+ @ai peecpek$ Leclezqekk Fazpaqeklizagakak zadefdek`dgezkè Ekpekpe33 dlidiakak adnaza k rdekèq`+

knada}di Gi}hrhpegqeqe nidakjiqi leè Nkiq Leclezqeè Pl h`yzykyk`y`yydgezkè qida Fazpaqek lizagaki oql gap oizdikaqh`y+ e _yzqez èd`lpekzhke Igika zaqezipadia knada} qekdz oa rhrenekè qerplde aak E}ioeqjek Pldia$yoep eq zhkdekè Pekzleclezqe Ziqgaki knada} h`yzykyk Leclezqeqe gèfedizakile lpldek oidapaqh si knada} ìdinidia adi ngidiak lizadgizaka pediriàqhde`+3>

Ekpekpe h`yzy y}elpe hd`yy aak Igikadi$ likà egedeke Ohdisaldiak

qe`gqde ydegel azpaqhde`+ Hkdek oy pypygy fellkè Kiagek Kiagekhs qe}qh`y=Oql Igikazpek fdqedek niildipagil aak Pekelde fi pd gezli naqgiqife}`de+ K+ Nhdapzak ìsakì hkde likàdiaka ìsagja repa hdeel nqhde`$ ege

zhke S+ Shhkpzhs'Pelhsyk eqeldek riil ìsag lep jirfiqi nipadi+ Leclezqe.èZhsqip felagaqipa lyydyze$ Pekelde figik gezlidiaka ler oy li} Ohdisal gezlizakiokijildi+36

E}ioeqjekè gadda feilipak nikadigiza si gadda oegz}dl repaza hdekGyzesepk kcy}ykyk epgez$ Oql Igikazpek qhdykè oql oa iknidi `kioadaà+@efe Ilag 515>ì qerdek ziagdiì Gyzesep Repaza$ hqdek )02k edgp+ Oy$Ohdisaldiak ziagdiì ed` hqdek lep leè`+ Gep lepdaegk qergelde Pekelde$Gyzesepk zhzqed zzk$ qeka ifak opk Pl kcyzyky qhl ipgiqa rdekdegde`+ @efezhke oy lepdaege fel le}ek`gel aak Igika rhrenekèz$ nqe Gyzesepde sippafepdek Oql E}ioeqjek$ qefyp Fakàzpekèk Shdneqe31 leè Oql GzdgekPl @isdipa lyge a`àezke `pldia ildakì _yzqe si Esyreè qekdpj feoidiqeqqhde`+ Igika zaqeza repadia$ nqe Oql E}ioeqjek$ qefyp Oql Gzdgek@isdipa `kjizaka oialpi ohgel egejqde$ qeldel >+222 Igika ezliaka iapdajirfidiìk Oelqi nipagadià+ Oykèk oele L}d Nseàqe>2 e` edpkè hdypyydek52'5? oakdal h`ykyk è )>2'a Igikadiìk hdyyqh`y+>5

kjiìk qerdek ekdege izezkè Ohdisal'Igika lhedazqhky$ Z+ eygqekk èaceì ippaa naoa$ zesee fi pd fe}d qergp si figik opk jirfi ohqy zed`qenipa+ :2 Gep eleg zeep 9pi Oelì adl epidi ed`+ Pekelzpqyk si Igika Gadda

Lhkziqa$ adl epipik zhke Z+ eygqek oepe hdgelde Oel Zhsqipaka zesyk`y+ ZeìjiIgika ezlidia ìad$ Oelìla Igika eq`kde è zesee naàdi+ Peafi lekd oa hdeqhdeel niik Gep lepdaeg nk ìseg ippa+++ dl epipik zhke ifa zadefd oadaldidi `hd`y+Igikadiifak nkiq lzgkè zaridi le}eel phrel si pedeèk zipdi qergde`+ Lze

oa zi zhke$ qeka :2 Geppe Igika Gadda Lhkziqakak si Pekel daìdiakak Gzdgekjigaqipdidi qerdek ngidiak rhrenekè eged hd`yy hpeqe lp+

33 Ekpekpe padec @isdipdia$ oykèk zhke Ekpekpe hdeel niijilpa+3> Jigad Fezekhs$ 5156 Qddloefe= E}ioeqjekè Igika Pia}ga si Pl'Gzdgek Zhqlg$ z+9:236 E}ioeqjek _izryodalez ZRFPE$ c+321$ d+5$ a+ 0?$ s+ 5331

àd>2 L}d Edeq>5 E}ioeqjek _izryodalez ZRFPE$ c+?>3$ d+ ?$ a+?2$ s+ 00

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Oqdi pifdalida oa `yygè Oel Gikisaldiakak daìa Eqhdde$ Zhsqipdiazesykejeldek `yqy`y+ Feppe Ohdisaldii ìak lak oizdiqik Leìpdi oadi$ _yzqekkegede qhdykè gjeìdi iìk Ohdisaldia zesykejeldeke z} siàdi+ Y}yk ziGikisaldii le gjeìdi iìk Ohdisaldiak Gep nkdiakì Gikisal si Izididi$feppe Leìp si Pekeldede oadigiza àka si gadda }igakì jiiqek ippa+ ifak opk neqa

E}ioeqjekd'Pl lizaga Gep lepdaeg qerd` ekèk apaoeik Fazpaqekdl }igakakìGzdgek'Pl lizagi le oadipa+ Ege ezd daìdia Igikadiìk hdyek Ohdisal siPekeldeèk oele lagzi$ hdeqdek oy p lekd oa kapidal le}ekejek oildigaqh`y+ HkdeGyzesepdee le likà qe`gdek kigidiaki egik niilpi oadial ndiìkifak opk Gzdgek kcyzyky qhl ipgil aak qeedek`de+ :2 Geppe ejadik OelZhsqipa ezlia oadaldia daìdiakak phrdekpz qerd`+ Zese oedepge lhkyzykè leedeedk` si Igika Gadda Lhkziqaki$ Pekel daìdiaki likà ezlia oadaldiaka ceedaqipiniagi iga siadà+

Ejad oa iladì Je}akh hpidakì phrdekeel oa leenef ly`yde+ Oy aak piladagizidiza E+ Galhqek si K+ Ekhgilhkyk qiplazaki oeld`+ Gzdgek zadefd oadaldiakakphrdek` qii eka oezlkde qerd`+ Fe}e `hkekgez nigadiakìk si yeldeèk Gzdgek

E}ia gefeddidiakak epii pypydgez ifaì lhly qeepp+ Ezlia nigadii }idrhrenekèjde nkìadà+ Nigaìladii nqe Gzdgek E}iadiak _yzde lepdippaa feoia`yqyyd`y+ Oale zeepdal ohgoe`gekèk zhke _yz ìka}jadia oykyk oa rhrenekèhd`yyky$ Gyzesep e` edpkè Gzdgekdek d`d`k ikàldia }egek epia`y`y`yde+ Eqk rhrenekè adi edèpdeel Gyekèk oa hl _yz'Ghdhlek ezlia

oadaldia ì ifi nipaadgapa+ ifaìla hdeqdee efap hd`yldekèk zesepek se}nipaldiaaak Igika h`yzy hkde zadefdek oelgeqe }hde`+ Ghdhlekdeèk edkek zadefde ze

oildiqik Igika nkdddiaki èpd`+>?Eas oidnidiakì nzpiadaqh= qa zadefdekg si iapagda Igika ezlidia

Gzdgekdek isdiaki oezlkde `}ikdiqiil hkde d`qh$ '`p nkdl oioildiafeki si zknqdi lepdiàqh$ hjylde edisdi aaki epqhde`+ Gzdgek E}ia le`kdeèfe e iladì lepdiàdaqhde`>: Easdiìla oadnadii ni$ lydelde$ oyykdelizadik$ lekde qpdek$ jakzid hnekde reegree iàdik :> Gzdgek E}ia le`kkjizià oydykgypy+>0

Nkiq E}ioeqjek Pldiakìk Ga Jeci Raisia$ likà fepedekè qe}qh=Oik Gep 5156ì Pekeldek sefadaldiaka$ nkefz} eègdek d`dr$ jizipdiak

qeldgezk likà n}diagdi n`g+ Oy hl cija si kicip iàdijil oa feilippa+++>9E}ioeqjek ìsdip eègdekèk Kiagek Kiagekhs$ kzi}adiakak lhlyk oa

iladì niildipaaki pekl hdgypy+ Oy hdeqde pekgdelik zeìji Pekeldee hdekclizaka ee sygyqh$ eqk }egekè Gzdgekdee le Ohdisal'Pekel oadaalhkyzykèla `kjidiaka ì eldqh`y= Ohdisal hdek oa Gzdgeke èfa egek

siadgià+ Pekelde$ Ohdisaldaaka}a pek

geq

}$ kjidaldi Gzdgekz

k

}$ oy qipida$àqhde`+ Hkde `hzpe èsekekde d``di$ isdia zhqyr zheke isaàdi+++ Ohdisale` edpkè Gzdgekdee le fi pd jakeqipa adiàdi$ qdi la$ ìad ilildi$ fegadile`kde èfa oykdeèk jekdek lypeege`de+ >3

Eas oidnidia si pekl aceìdiaki ni$ E}ioeqjek Pldiakak cija iladìd`dgizakì oql hd hqkeqek Igika eq`kde$ akzekdl zagezk }epik leqoiìkezlidia oy ai llpqhde`+ kzekdek cija iladì d`dgizakak$ jizipdiak qeldgezkkIgika eq`kde peeckèk qerd`k azrep iìk oakdiji oidni se`+ Hdeekzp Eepge

>? Jigad Fezekhs$ 5156 Qddloefe= E}ioeqjekè Igika Pia}ga++++ z+9:0>: E}ioeqjek _izryodalez ZRFPE$ c+?>3$ d+ ?$ a+??$ s+ >9'>>>0

e+ n+ l+>9 Ga Jeci Raisia$ Ziadga Izidia$ z+ 36>3 Peìyz} Z~aiphjfh~zla$Gzdgek Jigeeppik Ydyzed Lagdai _yz E}ioeqjek 5129'51?2$ z+ 532

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Lhgazqhky Oelekkk E`daqi Oelekdke zyk`yy erhè nzpiadaqh= Kalhdeq zhleohqykje zed`qe niik Igika ezlidiaki Igika eq`kde kìdal iàqhde`+ Oqdioadaldiìk oaa isi naiil zila} le`k si hjyy lyyke à}gapa+ @ai oa oadal azi E}iaisdiaka oezeel `hly} E}ioeqjek Pl eq`kk zhlee ler ladazi giqèkkè lyykeà}ga si qelplde @ezpek hpidakak edisdia aaki epgde`+>>

Zese zezkè zdeg si Pl ldp gili}diakak$ peafa eoaìdiak qhl iàdgiza ìIgika eq`kdekk pefala adi qerd`+ nk aakì 52+222ìk ce}de akzek d`d`+ Plgizzazep' gaddaqiza hdek zdegaqi oakez$ El z}$ Lezra qeqk isdia qeld`+Oelkk ik oql jegaza gigadidi ìdal ìal iàdà+

Pl qesydek lhqkykè qipapaiil opk E}ioeqjeke rise}dekèk &lekepepek!$ fedl eezkè Pl Qy`y si Pl Hje hdeel oadakik zdegaqikak qeldgez sigagea qerdek qhl iàdgiza$ Gep nkdiakì qerdek ik e jakeqipdiìk oaaqà+

Oelì qerdek Pl'Gzdgek lepdaegke a zese nkpz siadgiza$lepdiàdikdiak zeqzkk e}edpdgez qkkì eoe fejeqek Zpirek eygqek$ 5: KazekèGhzlhseqe _LZqi nkìàa erhè qdi qe}qh`y= nk aakì :2':5 Gep si25 Kazekè ' Oelì a`ìpda oa zese hd`y+ Zhsqip h`yzy$ oa}ag hdypy`yygy} Ydyzed

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E` niik lhgazqhk peeckèk pypydek erhdee ni$ èfe Hjel eqkè Oel Zhsqipapeeckèk 59 eeoe `hdyzy zadef$ Gep eq hpedekè azi 32 eeoe `hdyzy zadef si ?222Igika ezlia oadaldia egefqe nkìadgapa+

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Igika zed`dekk oaakja si alakja nk 525? E}ioeqjek Pl lepdiàdà+ kjnk$ Nyoe ifa iaza E+ Edaoiqhs$ ifa pigzadjadia e`kèk Igika Pekel h`yzylhgypekdekèk Fege}ezre yeqeel zhlel si isdiì oydykek jizipdiak ìckiàdgizakia}ak siadgizaka azpià+ Fege}ezr azi oykèk agpake iìil gizjap qekkèla giqèkephrdekek Gzdgekdee fapeoik= Oik I}yygdyqyg+ Y}yk zi Pldidi zesepg si

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idi niaar Lye kifa ohqykje zesykge fepp

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61 E_@E$ c+ 5235$ d+ 5$ a+ 13$ s+ :9':312

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odnidiì qeeqek qida Pl Gzdgek kcyzy$ gadda lagdaldiakìk si àka akekdekèk`hdeq lze }egek }eckè lapdizid hdeel lepdaege gey} oeldgde`+

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1: Jigad Fezekhs$ 5156 Qddloefe= E}ioeqjekè Igika Pia}ga+++++ z+ 902

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E' Zhykyk Oedegez

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E}ioeqjeke z`di+ Fedl$ yoep eq

kèk apaoeik z

l z

l giqèkdee

lgeqe$ iapdaqidiì nzpiadi qergeqe$ phrdekpde `}ikdigiqi si ìsdip qipladadiakìk Igikazed`dek kdiqijil piòadi edkgezk azpigiqi oede`+ E}ioeqjek qipladadiakakzi fedeGhzlhseèk gapdia lizadgigapa si heèk lejel oa lee oildaqhde`+52?

E}ioeqjek Pldia pegegik Igikazpek pil ippalpik zhke Ghzlhse$ oy ndiaikniddigi leek ed`+ H `kigì Igikadi E}ioeqjek pil iàqhde` si leek è ezdegej$ Igikadiak E}ioeqjekèk lgedekk lezk edgelp+ _yz lhgypekde

16 Gaepzyg Oadigi ekdegke nida+11 Feklikà Igikadi peeckèk Zpirekelip hdeel ìapaadgapa+522 Ol}< Ce}ad Gyzpeceqis$Iodci} Idaoiq$ Peafpik Nidijii$ z+5??< Idèzgeqdhs$ Jigad Fezekhs$ Pefa

Necehs$E}ioeqjek Peafa$ z+ :55525 Idèzgeqdhs si àidia$E}ioeqjek Peafa$ z+ :5?52? Ce}ad Gyzpeceqis$Iodci} Idaoiq$ Peafpik Nidijii$ z+5?:

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Igikadii azpiàldia caqepe isdiaka zepgeqe si _yz ezlidiakak qe`g adi Igikazpekenapgiqi fi oelgèk fel pek`+ Ege Igikazpek pil iìk E}iadii azi isdiaka zepgeqesi ìapagiqi gzeeì ipgiàdi+ Oy iladì fig Igikazpek pil iìk si eqk }egekèaned iàdga E}ioeqjek phreldekèk ni }hdekek qeldel 5 gadqhk E}ioeqjek Pl

oy nk ì oykyk ejzk ilgilpi si isza}$ oelz} eìfajaldiakì qeegelpe`de+

Igikazpekè E}ioeqjek Pldiaki qerdek felz}dl$ > Eedl 5166ì hdgynd ìrigìk zhke è ìseg ippa+ Filiz ìrigak Leeoe zhykyky ykyppyejenkìqà+ @irig}iìdii qe`g egejqde E}ioeqjekèk ledlek yeldeIgikazpekè `d`+ @irigìk oale nk zhke Iasekè Leeoe yykègjeìdi nzpiadia qerd`+ Qe`g egejqde Oepèk$ _yzqeèk$ Cekzeèk fi iq$}iddaldi zadef nkìadaqh`y+ Reazpik$ Dhkèèk$ êzfaknphkèk$ Oiqyppek ledlekyelde faoa iknidi ezpdegelz}k àilp Iaseke akaqh`y+ @irig}iìdii qe`g eèdpkè nkìadik zadefdede oql oa gaddaqipa h`y hdypyyd`y+

Oy qe`gdee ni$ Igikadi hl efep oa iladì gjeìdidiaka z`qhde`+Jygfyaqipdiaka Plz} Igikazpek adek ippadi+ Igikazpekè E}ioeqjek Pldiakile qerdek jakeqipdiak Ghzlhse si Oep peeckèk zhyllekddlde ledekgez Igika

ceedaqipdiakak èfe nika erpe qpdgizaki }igak hdypy`y+ Hkde opk azpildiaka ZZJOOelek G+ Z+ Nhoehsyk si hkyk Igikazpek ZZJqi Oaakja Zilipi hdeel epeÈypqykqekk idaqdi niildipaàdi+

Jygfyaqipak hl lapal oa `kigakì Ghzlhse$ likà kaqipdiaka niildipagil siIgikadiak oa èfe nsikaka le}ekgel aak E}ioeqjekè qkipagak oeke h `kigdiìZZJOkak Relazpekèla Oqlidaza hdek Eoèfgek Si}ahsy nipaà+ E}ioeqjekPlizaka lhkyegelpe }hdekek Eoèfgek Si}ahs$ E}ioeqjeke oelekdl ippaa ?2 eqaiazakì ezd ceedaqipaka Igikadiak ezeqadiakak oh}ydgegezke$ lhykgezke sinsikjizaki qkidppa+ Likàka ìghlep hdeel pekpgel azpiqik E+ Si}ahs$ E}ioeqjekpil iìk Igikadiak nia `kgidiaka azpià+ Igikazpekèla E}ioeqjek Pldiaki leqerdek jakeqipdia ngi}ìk nidik Oelek$ fiiqi egik 0222 Igikakak nia `kgiza`hdeqzqde E}ioeqjek gmìdaqh`y+ &%!

O ' ?2 Hjel Lepdaeg

Zhk khlpe$ lekd 51'?2 Hjel Lepdaeg adi zhkydek`+ Oy lepdaeg$ E}ioeqjekpeafakì qi iàkga lekd nkdi hdeel qika oa zeqce ep+ akì Igikadiak ì oydyk`yy_yz L}d H`yzy$ 51 Hjel zeep ?5=22è Plekledi peeckèk Oelqi zed``+Zed`geèk kji E}ioeqjek Pidisa}qhky Ikima Odhy èpd`+ Oel hriezqhkyky ZZJOZesykge Oelek @gapa Qe}hs qkipaqh`y+ Fedl si oakede _yz h`yzy peeckèk epiipypyd`y$ ifak zhlelde q}diji akzekk lekke ohyd`y+ kzekde e pekldek edpkè

i}adà$ jizipdi qel

d`

+ Iàkadik oadnadii ni$ 5:> laa d`d`$ >00 laa e

qeedek`

$ 022laa pypyldek`$ 0 laa ì leqohd`y+ Lekd Hjele apae} edegipa hdeel 02 nkdl pepad adekiàdà+52: Oy lepdaegdek qerdgezkè `kigak oe} E}ioeqjek qkipajadiakak ì hdksynydegeg} fifedì qiakì hdejelp+ 5161 qd Eedl eqkè si 5112 qd Hjel eqkè

oy qkipajadiak Ghzlhseqe ilpaldia na}da `p pidnecizez ìdad hdeel nzpiadioada=Oaakja Pidnec Eedl 5161= Pidnecpe$ Eo`yefgek Si}ahsèk zhke

E}ioeqjek Jygfyoelekd lhdpyyke hpyejel hdek Eqe} Gypeddaohs peeckèkag}edekeel oelikppila gisjyp `yygde adnada qe`g azpikgapa+ Feppe pidnecpenkìadijil lyssipdiìk @edl Leeoeè qeedekdeje è qi edgelpe`+

laja Pidnec Eedl 5161= Pidnec E}ioeqjek ZZJ adia Oelek SalphOeekkalhs ag}edegp+ H$ ZZJO adia Oelekdkk gisjyp `yygde adnada hdeel$

52: Fezek Oedqis$ N`ldiag si @k`ldiag$ @@I_NKDI_$ z+550< E}ioeqjek ne}ipiza$ ?3 Iqdd?222

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Oelì qidiik hriezqhk edeqkk dli peoadaaki siadgiza gizidizaka hpeqe epgp+@hzqedeè E}ioeqjek Lhgkazp Repaza Gili}a oakezk si ài qidia lhygel aakqiìl ndii ì niil `yqyd`yy nzpiadgilpià+

kj Pidnec > Hjel 5112= + Oelekde Zhsqipa Oelek oaakja qe`gjzpeeckèk ag}edekek oy pidnec$ ZZJO adia Oelek S+ Oelepaki nkìadgapa+ H$

Oelekèk Oelì Igika lepdaeg oildikadàakìk hkyk lezkk edkgezk si igkaqipakzedekgez aak Oelqi h`y nkìadgizaka aje ipgapa+@`j Pidnec ' 5: 2jel 5112= >9? kygeed si flgip acida na}da oa

pidnecp+ Oy pidnec azi Oelekde Zhsqipa Oelek Eqe} Gypeddaohs ag}edegp+ ZZJOOelekde Zhsqipa Oelek K+ _mlhse iladik oy pidnecpe Oelqi _yz h`yzykyknkìadgiza aje iàdgapa+ K+ _mlhs hke iladik pidnec ZZJO adia Oelek oaakjaqe`gjz adhse$ h è èfada h`y lygekèk epedaki si hkyk qe`gjz Zgzdhseadipgapa+520

Oy pidnecdeèk è ekded` naoa$ _yz h`yzykyk E}ioeqjeke$ hkyk oelikpaOelqi nagizakì E}ioeqjek qkipajadiakak ì èsipaqiza gzpizke hd hqkegp+@kigak Zhsqip qkipajadia h`ykyk E}ioeqjeke nidaaka ìaal zioirdidi aceì ippadi+

@kigak @adia Oelek I`ye` ise`ke`}i$ Oelìla Igikadia lhygel aak h`ynkìadàaka aceì iìlik$ Zesykge Oelek @gapa Qe}hs eqk jakeqipa oele zioirdidia}ef qhdyky pyppy+ Ly`ygy Fedl Jirfiza feilepk oezpgel aak h`y oadaldiankìadàaka aceì ippa+ Gafead Ziniqisa Nhoehs azi nqe zdeg Jygfyaqipa lygepiioozk ikniddigil aak h`y nkìadàaka a`àe iàqh`y+ Ezdkè @gapa Qe}hs`hyqy zqdqh`y= h`y$ E}ioeqjekè ndikik ìghlepal feilipa èpgel aak heqezisl iàdgapa+

Zhsqipdi Oadaakak izga qeqk hnekde$ e`qh si pidisa}qhkde 51'?2 Hjel 5112Oel lepdaegkk zioirdiaka si zhkydek eldegegelde ledgeqr$ oy hdeqde poezipgiqi edqh si àidiaka zydyqhde`+

Lepdaegdeèk zhke Eoèfgek Si}ahsyk dliqa pil ipgizaqdi hkyk qiaki Eqe}Gypeddaohs E}ioeqjek Lhgkazp Repaz

azerbaycan – ermenİstan İlİŞkİlerİnde rusya ve İran faktÖrÜ(1828 – 2000) emİn...

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