ayuda semana 2 a an the

8/20/2019 Ayuda Semana 2 a an The

1/15

Lic. Elva Cirilo Chapi

INGLES VI


2/15


3/15

ORIENTACIONES

• En esta unidad ampliaremos los

siguientes temas:

Definitie arti!le : T"e#

Inefinitie arti!les: a and an#


4/15

$ Rafael %oreno Este&an '(()

Using Articles

• *"at is an arti!le+ ,asi!all. an arti!le is anad/e!tie# Li0e ad/e!ties. arti!les modif nouns#

• Englis" "as t1o arti!les: the and a/an# The is used torefer to spe!ifi! or parti!ular nouns2 a/an is used to

modif non-spe!ifi! or non-parti!ular nouns# *e !allthe t"e definite arti!le and a/an t"e indefinite arti!le#

• t"e 3 definite arti!le

• a4an 3 indefinite arti!le

• 5or e6ample. if I sa. 7Let8s read the &oo0.7 I mean aspecific &oo0# If I sa. 7Let8s read a &oo0.7 I mean any &oo0 rat"er t"an a spe!ifi! &oo0#


5/15


• Here8s anot"er 1a to e6plain it: The is used torefer to a specific or particular mem&er of a

group# 5or e6ample. 7I /ust sa1 the most popularmoie of t"e ear#7 T"ere are man moies. &utonl one parti!ular moie is t"e most popular#T"erefore. 1e use the#

• 7A/an7 is used to refer to a non-specific or non-

particular mem&er of t"e group# 5or e6ample. 7I1ould li0e to go see a moie#7 Here. 1e8re nottal0ing a&out a specific moie# *e8re tal0inga&out any moie# T"ere are man moies. and I1ant to see any moie# I don8t "ae a spe!ifi!one in mind#

• Normall. 1e use a/an to refer to somet"ing fort"e first time# 5or e6ample. 9*e 1ent to amuseum in aris# *e ate at t"e museum too;#


6/15


Indefinite Articles: a and an• 7A7 and 7an7 signal t"at t"e noun modified is

indefinite. referring to any mem&er of a group# 5ore6ample:

• 7% daug"ter reall 1ants a dog for C"ristmas#7T"is refers to any dog# *e don8t 0no1 1"i!" dog&e!ause 1e "aen8t found t"e dog et#

• 7Some&od !all a poli!eman


7/15


e!e!"er# $sing a or an depends on

the so$nd that "egins the ne%t &ord.

So...• a > singular noun &eginning 1it" a !onsonant: a boy;a car; a bike; a zoo; a dog

• an > singular noun &eginning 1it" a o1el: an elephant; an egg; an apple; an idiot; an orphan

• a > singular noun &eginning 1it" a !onsonant sound:a user ?sounds li0e 8oo-=er.8 i#e# &egins 1it" a!onsonant 88 sound. so 8a8 is used@2 a uniersit2 a uni!!le

• Remem&er t"at t"is rule also applies 1"en ou usea!ronms: Introdu!tor Composition at urdue ?ICa@ "andles first-ear

1riting at t"e Bniersit# T"erefore. an ICa memo generalldis!usses issues !on!erning Englis" ( instru!tors#


8/15


• If t"e noun is modified & an ad/e!tie. t"e!"oi!e &et1een a and an depends on t"einitial sound of t"e ad/e!tie t"at immediatel

follo1s t"e arti!le: a &ro0en egg an unusual pro&lem a European !ountr ?sounds li0e 8er-o-pi-an.8 i#e#

&egins 1it" !onsonant 4/4 sound@

• Remem&er. too. t"at in Englis". t"e indefinitearti!les are used to indi!ate mem&ers"ip in agroup: I am a tea!"er# ?I am a mem&er of a large group

0no1n as tea!"ers#@ ,rian is an Iris"man# ?,rian is a mem&er of t"e

people 0no1n as Iris"#@ Sei0o is a pra!ti!ing ,udd"ist# ?Sei0o is a mem&er

of t"e group of people 0no1n as ,udd"ists#@


9/15


'efinite Article: the

• T"e definite arti!le is used &efore singular and pluralnouns 1"en t"e noun is spe!ifi! or parti!ular# The signals t"at t"e noun is definite. t"at it refers to aparti!ular mem&er of a group# 5or e6ample:

• 7The dog t"at &it me ran a1a#7 Here. 1e8re tal0ing

a&out a specific dog. t"e dog t"at &it me#• 7I 1as "app to see the poli!eman 1"o saed m

!at


10/15


Co$nta"le and Nonco$nta"le No$ns

• The !an &e used 1it" non!ount nouns. or t"earti!le !an &e omitted entirel# 7I loe to sail oer the 1ater7 ?some spe!ifi! &od

of 1ater@ or 7I loe to sail oer 1ater7 ?an 1ater@# 7He spilled the mil0 all oer t"e floor7 ?some

spe!ifi! mil0. per"aps t"e mil0 ou &oug"t earliert"at da@ or 7He spilled mil0 all oer t"e floor7 ?anmil0@#

• 7A4an7 !an &e used onl 1it" !ount nouns# 7I need a &ottle of 1ater#7 7I need a ne1 glass of mil0#7

• %ost of t"e time. ou !an8t sa. 7S"e 1ants a1ater.7 unless ou8re impling. sa. a &ottle of1ater#


11/15


eograp"i!al use of the• Do not use the &efore:• names of most !ountries4territories:

Italy, Mexico, Bolivia2 "o1eer. the Net"erlands. the Domini!anRepu&li!. the "ilippines. the Bnited States

• names of !ities. to1ns. or states:Seoul, Manitoba, Miami

•names of streets: ashingtonBlvd!, Main St!

• names of la0es and &as: "ake#iticaca, "ake $rie e6!ept 1it" agroup of la0es li0e the %reat "akes

• names of mountains: Mount$verest, Mount &u'i e6!ept 1it"

ranges of mountains li0e the (ndes or the )ockies or unusual namesli0e the Matterhorn

• names of !ontinents ?Asia. Europe@• names of islands ?Easter Island.

%aui. Fe *est@ e6!ept 1it" island!"ains li0e the Aleutians. the

He&rides. or the Canar Islands

• Do use the &efore:• names of riers. o!eans and

seas: the *ile, the +acific • points on t"e glo&e: the

$uator, the *orth +ole • geograp"i!al areas: the Middle

$ast, the est • deserts. forests. gulfs. and

peninsulas: the Sahara, the +ersian %ulf, the Black &orest,the Iberian +eninsula


12/15


DonGt forget t"e:

• T"e !entre. t"e top. t"e middle. t"e &ottom.t"e left. t"e rig"t. t"e end of. t"e &eginningof

• T"e same. t"e &est. t"e 1orst

• T"e sun. t"e moon. t"e 1orld. t"e s0. t"esea. t"e ground. t"e !ountr• T"e poli!e. t"e fire &rigade. t"e arm• T"e piano. t"e guitar. t"e trumpet. t"e flute

• T"e radio ?&ut teleision. 1it"out t"e@• T"e do!tor. t"e toilet. t"e &an0. t"e t"eatre.

t"e post offi!e. t"e dentist. t"e !inema


13/15


Do not use t"e:

• ,rea0fast. lun!". dinner • o to 1or0. get to 1or0. &e at 1or0. start 1or0. finis"

1or0

• ot to s!"ool. &e at s!"ool. start s!"ool. leae

s!"ool• o to uniersit. &e at uniersit

• o to !"ur!". &e in !"u!" ?or mass@

• o to &ed. &e in &ed

• o to "ospital. &e in "ospital• o to prison. &e in prison

• o "ome. get "ome. arrie "ome. !ome "ome. 1al0"ome. leae "ome. &e at "ome. sta at "ome


14/15


(!ission of Articles

• Some !ommon tpes of nouns t"at

don8t ta0e an arti!le are:

• Names of languages and nationalities:

hinese, $nglish, Spanish, )ussian • Names of sports: volleyball, hockey,

baseball

• Names of a!ademi! su&/e!ts:mathematics, biology, history, computer

science


15/15

T)AN*S

ayuda semana 2 a an the

Documents