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AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources Committee, Silver City, NM 31 August 2015 Jim Brooks Retired U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

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Page 1: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science”

Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources Committee,

Silver City, NM 31 August 2015

Jim Brooks Retired U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Page 2: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

Flow Affects Everything

Page 3: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources
Page 4: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources
Page 5: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources
Page 6: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

Diversion Impacts & Consequences

• Structure in the Floodplain

• Flow Change

• Habitat Alterations

• Isolation/Fragmentation

• Smaller Populations

• Increased Extinction Risk

• Return Flow

• Ecological Benefit Unknown

– Basis (Science)

– Experience

*Diversion Mitigation Potential

Page 7: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

Environmental Issues

• Rich & Diverse Fauna, System Rarity

• Adapted to Variable System

• Sensitive to Habitat Alteration & Nonnatives

• Cliff-Gila Valley Protected species • 2 Fish (endangered)

• 2 Snakes (threatened)

• 1 Frog (threatened)

• 2 Birds (threatened)

Narrow headed garter snake

Spikedace

Southwest willow flycatcher

Loach minnow

Page 8: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

Technical Basis for NM Unit Diversion Proposal

• Diversion Design?

• NMISC-Funded Study Concerns

– Sources of information

– Analytical procedures

– Counter-Intuitive Results: “No or even beneficial effects”

– No evidence of Peer Review

Page 9: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

What Is Peer Review?

• Independent

• Unbiased

• Expert Knowledge

• No Consensus Is Required

• Debate And Disagreement

• Reduce Uncertainty

Page 10: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

“Best Available Science” and Scientific Integrity Upfront: Federal Law Compliance

Compliance Law

• National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) – First Step

• Endangered Species Act (ESA)

• USFS, COE

• Various Permitting

• Completion Required Before Project Build

Best Available Science

• Scientific Process – Clear Objective(s)

– Conceptual Model

– Methods

– Statistical Rigor

– Clear documentation

– Peer Review

• Science and non-science – Integration

Page 11: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

Peer Review of ISC Studies?

• Public Comments to NMISC at Silver City Meeting, 14 November 2014

– Internal Staff Review ≠ Peer Review

• Letter to DOI Secretary, 12 February 2015

• Response from Reclamation, 3 April 2015

– Peer Review and Scientific Integrity Policies

• ISC Response

– Public Meetings ≠ Peer Review

Page 12: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

Science Available to AWSA Diversion Proposal

Source Negative Impacts? Peer

Review

ISC-Funded Studies

No (beneficial) No (?)

Published Peer Review Literature

Yes Yes

TNC Flow Needs Assessment

Yes Yes

Page 13: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

TNC Flow Needs Assessment Report, July 2014

• Inclusive

• Regional Expertise

• Ecological Integration

• Workshop – ISC Participation

– Draft Report Preparation

• Review – Internal and External

• Findings: High Potential For Environmental Impacts

Page 14: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

What’s Next?

• NEPA by Bureau of Reclamation – Co-lead with NMISC – Best Available Science

• Peer Review

• ESA by Fish And Wildlife Service – Based upon NEPA Decision – No co-lead – Best Available Scientific and Commercial Information – Decision (Biological Opinion)

• Compliance and Permitting (Value Engineering Report)

Page 15: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

If the Diversion is built?

• Environmental Change Will Occur

• Uncertainty For Amount Of Change

• Additional Species Conservation Efforts Will Be Required

– Long-term, Expensive

– Results Mixed

• Scientific Integrity Upfront Is Critical

Page 16: AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal - New Mexico … 083115 Item 4 Brooks...AWSA: NM Unit Diversion Proposal and “Best Available Science” Presented to Interim Water and Natural Resources

NM Unit Proposal?

Best Available Science Is Critical


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