Amazon RDS Oracle Best Practices

Agenda

• Quick introduction to Amazon RDS for Oracle

• RDS Oracle Licensing

• RDS Oracle Use Cases

• RDS Oracle Security Best Practices

• RDS Oracle Performance Best Practices

• RDS Oracle Management Best Practices

• RDS Oracle Data Migration Best Practices

Power, HVAC, net

Rack & stack

Server maintenance

OS patches

DB s/w patches

Database backups

Scaling

High availability

DB s/w installs

OS installation

you

App optimization

What is Amazon RDS?

What is Amazon RDS?

Power, HVAC, net

Rack & stack

Server maintenance

OS patches

DB s/w patches

Database backups

Scaling

High availability

DB s/w installs

OS installation

you

App optimization

What is Amazon RDS?

Power, HVAC, net

Rack & stack

Server maintenance

OS patches

DB s/w patches

Database backups

App optimization

High availability

DB s/w installs

OS installation

you

Scaling

Why Amazon RDS for Oracle?

• Deploy multiple editions of Oracle 11g in minutes

• Realize up to 25,000 IOPS

• Get a high-availability Oracle solution without Enterprise Edition

• Choice of Pay-as-You-Go or License Included model brings

flexibility

• Use AWS Enterprise Support or Oracle support

• Support for Oracle GoldenGate enables multi-master configurations

Oracle

Licensing and Support

Processor & socket licensing

0.25 core multiplier for standard

licenses (sockets)

0.5 core multiplier for

enterprise licenses (processor)

BYOL

• Enterprise license agreement

• Unlimited license agreement

• Oracle partner network

• BPO license

• Oracle Technology Network

Pay-as-you-go

• RDS for Oracle SE One

Oracle Licensing Options License Included Bring-Your-Own-License

Standard Edition One

Standard Edition

Enterprise Edition

Amazon RDS Oracle – Licensing & Pricing Options

Oracle Pricing Options Contract Pay Per Hour License

Included Bring Your

Own License Multi AZ

On-Demand No contract

Reserved Instances 1 year or 3 year

options

Licensing Options:

Pricing Options:

Production Instances of

Enterprise Applications

Development and Test

Instances for Enterprise and

custom applications

Replica of Production for

reporting and BI/DW feed.

Training, POC, Sandbox,

Patch Testing and

debugging instances

Disaster Recovery Site on

AWS

Custom Developed

Applications

Customer use cases for RDS Oracle

Amazon RDS - Great fit for Enterprise Application

Delivers Enterprise Application needs and wants

• Fully managed database engines that are commonly used for

Enterprise Applications.

• High-Availability and transparent failover

• Enterprise class performance and easy scalability

• Automated backups and easy replication

• Rapid provisioning and deployment

• Automation support with APIs and CloudFormation scripts

• Low-touch management/administration

Enterprise Application AWS customers use with RDS

• PeopleSoft

• JD Edwards

• Siebel

• ATG Web Commerce

• Jaspersoft

• SugarCRM

• Alfresco

Enterprise Application HA Architecture

RDS Oracle Best Practices

RDS Oracle Security Best Practices

• Individual IAM account to each person who manages RDS

resources. Do not use AWS root credentials.

• Do not use master user for application db access, create

separate accounts

• Put your RDS Database instance in a private subnet of a VPC

• Be careful with Security Group setting, never use 0.0.0.0/0

RDS Performance Best Practices

• Choose the right size instance for your workload

• Always go with PIOPS

• Monitor database alert logs for critical issues

• Don’t leave invalid database objects in the database

• Provision enough storage to host archive logs before they are

backed up and deleted.

• Scaling storage and PIOPS are time consuming so plan

accordingly.

• Scaling instance requires outage (if not using Multi-AZ)

RDS Management Best Practices

• Always schedule backups

• Create snapshots on a regular basis

• Use the familiar Oracle EM DB Console at :1158/em

• Use CloudWatch alerts to always keep an eye on the instance

with alerts

• If you need to use third party monitoring tools use agentless tools

Data Migration to RDS Oracle

General Considerations

• Number of databases, data sizes

• Data types, character sets

• Data transfer mechanism

• Connected Apps, DB links

• Network accessibility, bandwidth, latency

• Acceptable downtime

One-Time Migration

• Copy entire database to Amazon RDS

Use cases

– Migrate prod to Amazon RDS

– Build POCs, pilots

– First step before replicating databases

RDS Pre-Migration Steps

• Stop applications accessing the DB

• Take a snapshot

• Disable backups

• Use Single-AZ instances

• Optimum instance for load performance

• Configure security for cross-DB traffic

For Small Dataset, one time load

• Oracle Import/Export

• Oracle Data Pump network mode

• Oracle SQL*Loader

• Oracle materialized views

For Large Dataset, one time load

• Oracle Data Pump Export and Import

Migration Process

Data Pump Export

• Reduce the data set to optimal size, avoid indexes

• Use compression and parallel processing

• Use multiple disks with independent I/O

Optimize Data Upload

• Use Tsunami for UDP-based file transfer

• Use large Amazon EC2 instance with SSD or PIOPS volume

• Use multiple disks with independent I/O

• You could use multiple Amazon EC2 instances for parallel upload

Data File Upload to RDS

• RDS DB instance has an externally accessible Oracle Directory Object

DATA_PUMP_DIR

• Use a script to move data files to Amazon RDS DATA_PUMP_DIR

• Use the largest Amazon RDS DB instance possible during the import

process

• Avoid using Amazon RDS DB instance for any other load during this

time

• Provision enough storage in the Amazon RDS DB instance for the

uploaded files and imported data

Import data into the RDS

• Import from within Amazon RDS instance using

DBMS_DATAPUMP package

• Submit a job using PL/SQL script

Periodic Migration

• Copy changes to Amazon RDS

• Use cases – Delta refresh for prod migration

– Daily refresh for non-prod, reporting

Ongoing Replication

• Log shipping

• Transactional replication

• Use cases – Near-zero downtime migrations

– Query offloading, BI/reporting

– Data protection, disaster recovery

Oracle GoldenGate

• Oracle product for real-time data integration and

replication

– Log-based change data capture

– Transaction-safe bidirectional replication

• Works with Amazon RDS for Oracle

– Migration into and out of RDS Oracle

– Providing a readable secondary for read offloading

– Master-master replication

GoldenGate Replication with RDS Oracle

GoldenGate Oracle

GoldenGate Oracle

GoldenGate GoldenGate

On-premises Oracle to RDS/Oracle Oracle in EC2 to RDS/Oracle

RDS/Oracle to RDS/Oracle

(same AWS Region)

RDS/Oracle to RDS/Oracle

(different AWS Region)

Getting started with GoldenGate

• Obtain license from Oracle – “Bring-Your-Own-License” model only

• Run the GoldenGate Hub on a correctly sized EC2

Instance

• Enable supplemental logging on source database

• Configure source to retain redo logs

• Use the Extract and Replicat utilities provided by Oracle

GoldenGate

RDS Post-migration Steps

• Turn on backups

• Turn on multi-az

• Create read replicas

• Tighten down security

• Notifications via Amazon CloudWatch, DBEvents