average daily maximum ozone (ppb) fujita et al. 2000 8
TRANSCRIPT
1981-84
0
40
80
120
160
200
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1985-89
0
40
80
120
160
200
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1990-94
0
40
80
120
160
200
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1995-98
0
40
80
120
160
200
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
N. Long Beach Anaheim Lynwood LA-N.MainReseda Burbank Pico Rivera La HabraAzusa Pomona Upland Rubidoux
Average Daily Maximum Ozone (ppb)
Fujita et al. 20008
Twelve-site Average NMHC and NOat 4-5 a.m. and 7-8 a.m. (PDT) by Day of the Week
90-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-94
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
NM
HC
(p
pb
C)
4-5 a.m. (81-84)
4-5 a.m. (85-89)
4-5 a.m. (90-94)
4-5 a.m. (95-98)
7-8 a.m. (81-84)
7-8 a.m. (85-89)
7-8 a.m. (90-94)
7-8 a.m. (95-98)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
NO
(p
pb
)
4-5 a.m. (81-84)
4-5 a.m. (85-89)
4-5 a.m. (90-94)
4-5 a.m. (95-98)
7-8 a.m. (81-84)
7-8 a.m. (85-89)
7-8 a.m. (90-94)
7-8 a.m. (95-98)
90-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-94
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
NM
HC
(p
pb
C)
4-5 a.m. (81-84)
4-5 a.m. (85-89)
4-5 a.m. (90-94)
4-5 a.m. (95-98)
7-8 a.m. (81-84)
7-8 a.m. (85-89)
7-8 a.m. (90-94)
7-8 a.m. (95-98)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
NO
(p
pb
)
4-5 a.m. (81-84)
4-5 a.m. (85-89)
4-5 a.m. (90-94)
4-5 a.m. (95-98)
7-8 a.m. (81-84)
7-8 a.m. (85-89)
7-8 a.m. (90-94)
7-8 a.m. (95-98)
90-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-9490-94
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
NM
HC
(p
pb
C)
4-5 a.m. (81-84)
4-5 a.m. (85-89)
4-5 a.m. (90-94)
4-5 a.m. (95-98)
7-8 a.m. (81-84)
7-8 a.m. (85-89)
7-8 a.m. (90-94)
7-8 a.m. (95-98)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
NO
(p
pb
)
4-5 a.m. (81-84)
4-5 a.m. (85-89)
4-5 a.m. (90-94)
4-5 a.m. (95-98)
7-8 a.m. (81-84)
7-8 a.m. (85-89)
7-8 a.m. (90-94)
7-8 a.m. (95-98)
Fujita et al. 20009
Average tNO=O3 and tmaxO3 and Rates of O3 Accumulation on Sunday and Wednesday in 1981-84
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
Sunday 1981-84
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e (P
ST
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
O3
Rat
e (p
pb
/hr)
tO3acc
tNO=O3
O3 Rate
Wednesday 1981-84
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e (P
ST
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
O3
Rat
e (p
pb
/hr)
tO3acc
tNO=O3
Rate
Sunday - Wednesday (1981-84)
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e C
han
ge
(ho
urs
)
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Rat
e C
han
ge
(pp
b/h
r)
dtime
drate
Fujita et al. 200011
Average tNO=O3 and tmaxO3 and Rates of O3 Accumulation on Sunday and Wednesday in 1985-89
Fujita et al. 2000
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
Sunday 1985-89
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e (P
ST
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
O3
Rat
e (p
pb
/hr)
tO3acc
tNO=O3
Rate
Wednesday 1985-89
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e (P
ST
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
O3
Rat
e (p
pb
/hr)
tO3acc
tNO=O3
Rate
Sunday - Wednesday (1985-89)
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e C
han
ge
(ho
urs
)
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Rat
e C
han
ge
(pp
b/h
r)
dtime
drate
12
Average tNO=O3 and tmaxO3 and Rates of O3 Accumulation on Sunday and Wednesday in 1990-94
Fujita et al. 2000
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
Sunday 1990-94
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e (P
ST
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
O3
Rat
e (p
pb
/hr)
tO3acc
tNO=O3
Rate
Wednesday 1990-94
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e (P
ST
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
O3
Rat
e (p
pb
/hr)
tO3acc
tNO=O3
Rate
Sunday - Wednesday (1990-94)
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e C
han
ge
(ho
urs
)
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Rat
e C
han
ge
(pp
b/h
r)
dtime
drate
13
Average tNO=O3 and tmaxO3 and Rates of O3 Accumulation on Sunday and Wednesday in 1995-98
Fujita et al. 2000
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
N. Long BeachAnaheimLynwoodLA-N.MainResedaBurbankPico RiveraLa HabraAzusaPomonaUplandRubidoux
Sunday 1995-98
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e (P
ST
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
O3
Rat
e (p
pb
/hr)
tO3acc
tNO=O3
Rate
Wednesday 1995-98
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e (P
ST
)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
O3
Rat
e (p
pb
/hr)
tO3acc
tNO=O3
Rate
Sunday - Wednesday (1995-98)
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
N. Lon
g Bea
ch
Anahe
im
Lynw
ood
LA-N.M
ain
Resed
a
Burba
nk
Pico
Riv
era
La Hab
ra
Azusa
Pomon
a
Uplan
d
Rubid
oux
Tim
e C
han
ge
(ho
urs
)
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Rat
e C
han
ge
(pp
b/h
r)
dtime
drate
14
Trends in Ozone Accumulation Rates on Sunday and Wednesday for Western, Central, and Eastern SoCAB
Fujita et al. 2000
Sun
Wed
Sun-Wed
198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998
Sunday
0
10
20
3019
81
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
O3
Acc
umul
atio
n R
ate
(ppb
/hr)
Wednesday
0
10
20
30
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
O3
Acc
umul
atio
n R
ate
(ppb
/hr)
Sunday - Wednesday
-20
-10
0
10
20
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
Sun
- W
ed O
3 R
ate
(ppb
/hr)
western central eastern
15
Average daily 6-7 a.m. (PST) NMHC/NOx
Fujita et al. 2000
1981-84
0.0
3.0
6.0
9.0
12.0
15.0
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1985-89
0.0
3.0
6.0
9.0
12.0
15.0
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1990-94
0.0
3.0
6.0
9.0
12.0
15.0
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1995-98
0.0
3.0
6.0
9.0
12.0
15.0
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
N. Long Beach Anaheim Lynwood LA-N.MainReseda Burbank Pico Rivera La HabraAzusa Pomona Upland Rubidoux
16
Average daily NMHC/NOx at Maximum Ozone
Fujita et al. 2000
1981-84
0.0
4.0
8.0
12.0
16.0
20.0
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1985-89
0.0
4.0
8.0
12.0
16.0
20.0
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1990-94
0.0
4.0
8.0
12.0
16.0
20.0
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
1995-98
0.0
4.0
8.0
12.0
16.0
20.0
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat
N. Long Beach Anaheim Lynwood LA-N.MainReseda Burbank Pico Rivera La HabraAzusa Pomona Upland Rubidoux
17
Ratios of NMHC Source Contributions on Sunday and Saturday to Average Weekday
Fujita et al. 2000
6-9 a.m. (PDT) 1-4 p.m. (PDT)Sun Sat Sun Sat
AzusaGasoline Exh 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.94Diesel Exh 0.68 0.78 0.50 0.54Gasoline Evap 0.92 0.87 1.03 0.89Ethane, Propane 0.75 0.75 0.67 0.77Coatings 0.46 0.93 0.03 0.28Unidentified 1.07 0.91 0.83 0.97
BurbankGasoline Exh 0.72 0.72 0.63 0.76Diesel Exh 0.76 0.72 0.65 0.88Gasoline Evap 0.96 1.01 0.91 1.21Ethane, Propane 0.87 0.73 1.14 1.00Coatings 0.44 0.41 0.53 0.31Unidentified 0.78 0.92 1.17 0.92
Los Angeles - N. MainGasoline Exh 0.53 0.83 0.80 0.75Diesel Exh 1.29 1.00 0.51 0.80Gasoline Evap 1.20 1.16 0.79 1.02Ethane, Propane 0.97 0.80 1.05 1.05Coatings 0.42 0.72 0.29 0.58Unidentified 1.23 0.90 0.65 0.77
AverageGasoline Exh 0.72 0.81 0.77 0.82Diesel Exh 0.91 0.83 0.55 0.74Gasoline Evap 1.03 1.01 0.91 1.04Ethane, Propane 0.86 0.76 0.96 0.94Coatings 0.44 0.69 0.28 0.39Unidentified 1.03 0.91 0.88 0.89
23
Estimation of Relative Contributions of On-Road Spark-Ignition and Compression-Ignition Vehicles
Fujita et al. 2000
1. 1
][][
MTBEBC
= MTBEsiBCci
x VMTsiVMTci
where[BC] = measured black carbon concentration in µg/m3 or [nC10-nC15] from Tenax,[MTBE] = measured MTBE concentrations in µg/m3,BCci = assumed average CI emission rate of black carbon in grams/mile or heavy HC, andMTBEsi = assumed average SI emission rate of MTBE in grams/mile.
The ratio of VMT, A = VMTsiVMTci
= ][][
MTBEBC
x BCciMTBEsi
Ratio of the CI and SI source contribution estimates (sce) to NO can be estimated from Aand assumed average NO emission rates for CI and SI as follows.
NOscesiNOsceci
= NOsiNOci
x A Analogous estimates for NMHC and CO.
A can also be estimated from [CO] and [NO].
[CO] is proportional to COci x VMTci + COsi x VMTsi and
[NO] is proportional to NOci x VMTci + NOsi x VMT si
where
[CO] = measured carbon monoxide concentration in µg/m3,[NO] = measured nitric oxide concentrations in µg/m3,COci and COsi = assumed average CI and SI emission rates of CO in grams/mile, andNOci and NOsi = assumed average CI and SI emission rates of NO in grams/mile.
A is determined from the following equation.
][][
NOCO
= NOsiNOciACOsiCOciA
25