Myanmar experience in the formulation of

National Adaptation Plan

Ye Ye Nyein Director

Department of Meteorology and hydrologyMinistry of Transport and Communication

June 2016, Bonn Germany

2.8 to 3.5ºC by 2100

0.8 to 1.4ºC by 2050

Increase ~1582 mm by 2100

Increase ~661 mm by 2050

Changes in climate ARE EVIDENT in Myanmar… and will continue

1. Observed evidence in last 6 decades... Increased temperatures (~o.8 per decade) Changing rainfall patterns/volumes in different areas Monsoon season late on-set and early withdraw Recurrence/severity of extreme weather events

2. …further changes by 2050*, i.e. Continued increase in temperatures (up to 1.4 ); change in rainfall (up

to 661mm); changing Monsoon season More cyclones/storms, floods, sea-level rise (5-21 cm), droughts

*NAPA 2012, PRECIS model w. A2 emissions scenario

Sea-level rise source: WWF in collaboration with the Natural Capital Project and Center for Climate Systems Research (CSCR) at Columbia University

Recent Natural Disasters in MyanmarRecent Natural Disasters in Myanmar2006 Apr Cyclone Mala2008 May Cyclone Nargis2010 Oct Cyclone GIRI2011 Mar Tarlay Strong Earthquake2011 JJA Heavy Rain & Floods2011 Oct Pakokku Flash Flood2012 JJA Lower/NE Myanmar Floods2012 Nov Shwebo Strong Earthquake 2013 JJA Heavy rain triggered secondary hazards.2015 July Cyclone Komen, Heavy Rain & Floods2016 May Cyclone Roanu, Heavy Rain & Landslide

Climate Change adaptation

National Adaptation Plan of Action (NAPA)•Priorities sectors for climate adaptation

– Agriculture – Early warning– Forest – Public health – Water resources– Coastal Zone– Energy and Industry– Biodiversity

GOALBy 2030, Myanmar is achieving climate resilience and is engaged in low-carbon, resource efficient

& inclusive development as a contribution to sustainable development

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES

Increase adaptive capacity and resilience of communities and

sectors

Maximise opportunities for low carbon development in potential

sectors

STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

FOCUS AREAS (KEY ENTRY POINTS)

Urban, Building

and Human Settlements

DRR, Healthand Early Warning Systems

Education, Awareness, Science and Technology

Integrating Climate Change

Policy, Legislation, Planning, Budgeting

Institutional Arrangements Coordination Mechanisms,Human Skills,

Implementation,Monitoring and

evaluation

Financial Mechanisms

Fund management,

Financial instruments

Access to technology

Access to environmentally

sound technology for adaptation and

mitigation

Muliti-stakeholder Partnerships

Public, (including CSOs) private

partnership; Joint implementation;

International cooperation

Awareness, and Capacity

Capacity, Education and

awareness, Research data & innovation

Agriculture and Food Security

Energy, Transport,

and Industry

Environment, and Natural Resources

Roadmap of Integration of Myanmar’s Climate Change Vision: " Myanmar is ready to build climate resilient and low-carbon future

towards inclusive sustainable development"  

Sector-wise Stakeholders Consultation

Energy, Transport & Industry Sector DRR & Early Warning Systems

Sector

Urban, Building & Human Settlements

National & Sub-National Consultation Workshop In Regions and States

LEG Regional Training Workshop on

“National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) for the Asian Region”, 10 – 14 August, 2015

Yangon, Myanmar

Attended about (60) participants from Afghanistan, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Republic of Korea, Finland, Indonesia, LAO PDR, Maldives, Lesotho, Mongolia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Vietnam, Philippines, UNEP-IEMP/Italy, UNEP/ Armenia, ADPC, CGIAR/CCAFS SEA, FAO, UNFCCC/Mali, NABARD, UNEP/NAP-GSP, UNDP, ICIMOD, UNFCCC,

Outcomes

Sharing experiences and lessons learned among the countries for the adaptation planning

Getting a better understanding of what would be required from the sample process to formulate and implement NAPs

Drafting of NAPs Roadmap and strategies for each country

NAP process initiatives With the Financial assistance by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Government of Finland, Technical assistance by SEI, and UNEP as an implementing agency, Stock taking analysis for NAP process was conducted from September 2015;

To identify current information on Climate change Impacts, Risk, Vulnerability & Adaptation as well as Gaps and Barriers

Roadmap for preparing the development of NAP process

Outcomes of Stocktaking (key messages and recommendations)

• Key message 1: The NAP process will provide a basis for Myanmar’s formal adaptation contributions to global collective action on climate change.

• Key message 2: The institutional coordination structure for NAP with two governance bodies (A supra-policy body and A technical support and coordination unit) is formally established in 2016 with the mandate to mainstream climate change adaptation vertically and horizontally.

• Key message 3: Initiate strategic capacity development, targeted to address prevailing capacity gaps for technical capacities, planning and implementation in climate change adaptation within the national and local government structure in 2016.

• Key message 4: A short-term and medium-term adaptation planning process should be set in motion by 2016, with the long-term adaptation responses to be initiated by 2018.

Time Frame Activities

Short term (2016) Set in motion processes leading to the establishment

of the Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan. Continue ongoing work on the Climate Change

Simultaneously identify institutional roles and responsibilities of pertinent supra-policy and technical bodies to respond to coordination and technical needs for climate change adaptation mainstreaming to start the NAP process and formulate work plans.

Begin capacity building for NAP using tools and guidelines.

Begin capacity building for integrating/mainstreaming climate change adaptation with other ministries development planning at various levels, and DRR management.

Begin capacity building for technical assessments. Funding support and their sources duly identified.

An

indicative

General

time

frame

and

Roadmap

for

Activities

in

NAP

Process

Time Frame Activities

Medium term ( 2017-2018)

Continue capacity building for NAP using tools and guidelines.

Continue capacity building for integration/mainstreaming needs through a few joint pilot projects to test and activate integration.

Continue capacity building for technical assessments.

Begin integrating climate change adaptation with development planning at various levels, and DRR management.

Begin the NAP process using existing tools and guidelines.

Begin integrating climate change adaptation with development planning at various levels, and DRR management.

Long term (2018 onwards)

Implementation of adaptation projects. Continued integration and mainstreaming efforts.

The progress of NAP initiatives Conducted Stocktaking analysis for NAP process with technical

support of SEI in cooperation with UNEP Developed a stocktaking report and Roadmap and enhanced

understanding including the review, analysis, and validation of relevant policies and legal framework, institutional mechanisms, capacity and technology needs, data systems and information, and barriers to policy mainstreaming

Covered the Key Activities and the Expected Outputs and Outcomes, Risk Analysis, Work Plan and Conclusions and Recommendations

Provided a clear and progressive strategic action plan to address capacity, institutional, and data information gaps and other relevant cross-cutting issues.

o Improved constructive policy dialogues between relevant climate change stakeholders for the formulation of more effective national policy and strategy to address long-term adaptation challenges.

Risks and Barriers to Implementation of NAP• Limitations in current institutional arrangements No coordinating body was created and tasked to follow up

priority projects, no body or unit that could act as a broker for external funding, the absence of a supra- or legal center

• Limitations in generating assessments and managing relevant climate data

• Financial resources to support adaptation initiatives and projects

An institutional body principally responsible to raise awareness for resource mobilization and liaise with external and internal funding bodies remains absent. This poses barriers to planning, integration, implementation and learning from adaptation efforts.

Needs and Challenges • Political support• Strengthening Capacity building• Promoting Coordination across sectors• Mainstreaming NAP into National

Development Planning• Enhancing advance Technology• Sustaining Financial support

Thank You