autocad 2d module 13 pdf

8/14/2019 Autocad 2d Module 13 PDF

1/16

Learning Outcomes:

AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules

AutoCAD 2DModule 13

Object Properties

When you have completed this module, you wil l be able to:

1. Describe object properties, linetype, linetype scale, and how to select objects using pick,

window, and crossing.2. Describe and use the PROPERTIES, LTSCALE, CELTSCALE commands to find, and

set object properties and linetype scale.

Object Properties

AutoCAD stores all existing objects and their properties

in a database format file called the drawing file. Thename of the file is the name you have given the drawingwith the extension .DWG . In the drawing file, alldrawing objects are stored along with the properties ofeach object in the form of a database. The objects youhave learned up to now are lines, circles and arcs.Figure 13-1 displays the properties of a typical Line.

When you open an existing drawing, AutoCAD uses the

drawing file to reconstruct the objects from the database

and displays the objects in the graphic window.

You can change the properties of existing drawing

objects by using commands or a much better method isto edit them with the Properties dialogue box. Not allproperties can be edited. AutoCAD grays the boxes orproperties that cannot be changed. See Figure 13-1.

Figure 13-1

Properties of a Line

The AutoCAD drawing file is the product of the AutoCAD user. It containsall of the data that relates to your drawing. When you open an existingdrawing, AutoCAD uses the drawing file to construct your drawing in thegraphic window. As you work on your drawing and save it, AutoCADupdates the drawing file. AutoCAD adds the extension .DWG to the name

you assigned to the drawing. If you named your drawing HOUSE PLAN, AutoCAD willname the file HOUSE PLAN.DWG when it files it on the hard disk drive.

Object Properties The CAD Guys Ltd. Copyright 1993 - 2007 Module 13
http://www.abbyy.com/buyhttp://www.abbyy.com/buy


2/16

13 - 2 AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules - AutoCAD 2D - Revised 2007-04-12

AutoCAD Command: PROPERTIESThe PROPERTIES command opens the Propertiesdialogue box .

Shortcut: CTRL 1

2004-2008

2000-2002

The PROPERTIES command opens the Properties dialogue box . Figure 13-2 shows how itappears in 2004-2008 and Figure 13-3 shows how it appears in 2000-2002.

After you open it, you can select one or more objects in your drawing with the graphic cursor.

The selected object(s) will highlight and the data will appear in the dialogue box. If you selectmore than one object, onlydata which is common toall objects will appear.

In Figures 13-2 and 13-3,

only one line was selectedas you can see in the boxlocated in the top left

corner of the dialogue box.This box will display whatobject(s) are currentlyselected and its data isdisplayed in the dialoguebox.

Linetypes

Figure 13-2

The Properties Dialogue BoxFor 2004-2008

Figure 13-3

The Properties Dialogue BoxFor 2000-2002

A linetype is a repeating pattern of dots, dashes, text, objects, and blank spaces displayed in

an object. Until this point in the modules, you have been using the default linetype Continuous.See Figure 13-4. A continuous line displays as a solid line. In this module, you will be shownhow to assign linetypes that are ByLayer. By default, when a drawing is created AutoCAD onlyloads the linetype Continuous. Before you can assign a different linetype, you must load it intoyour drawings database. All loaded linetypes will stay in the drawing file for future use. Theycan be purged out of the drawing file if they are not in use. Purging is taught in Module 32.



3/16

AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules - AutoCAD 2D - Revised 2007-04-12

Figure 13-4

Continuous Linetype

AutoCAD Command: LTSCALEThe LTSCALE command is used to set the global linetype scale for the drawing.

Shortcut: LTS

AutoCAD System Variable: CELTSCALE

13 - 3

The CELTSCALE system variable is used to set the individual linetype scale for the objects thatare inserted after it is set.

Shortcut: none

The CELTSCALE multiplies its scale factor times the LTSCALE. Therefore,

if the LTSCALE is set to 5 and the CELTSCALE set to 2, the linetype scalefor that object will be 10. It is best to leave the LTSCALE set to 1 and onlyset the CELTSCALE for each object. That way the CELTSCALE is

multiplied by 1 leaving it the same linetype scale that you have set for the object. Settingthe individual linetype scale (CELTSCALE) is best done using the Properties dialogue box.

Using Linetypes

Step 1 Start a new drawing using Module Temple A.

Step 2 Save and name the drawing AutoCAD 2D Workalong 13-1.

Step 3 Create the layers Hidden, Object1 and Object2 as shown Figure Step 3.

...continued on page 13-4

Object Properties

Figure Step 3

The CAD Guys Ltd. Copyright 1993 - 2007 Module 13
http://www.abbyy.com/buyhttp://www.abbyy.com/buyhttp://www.abbyy.com/buy


4/16


Using Linetypes - Continued

Step 4 Click layer Hidden to select it. Left click on the linetype Continuous as shown in

Figure Step 4. This will open the Select Linetype dialogue box.

Figure Step 4

Step 5 Click the Load button as shown in Figure Step 5A. This willopen the Load or Reload Linetypes dialogue box as shown inFigure Step 5B.

Figure Step 5A

Step 6 In the File box , Figure

Step 6, you will see one of thefollowing linetype files They aresupplied in AutoCAD or AutoCADLT software.

For AutoCAD:

ACAD.LIN - AutoCAD EnglishACADISO.LIN - AutoCAD Metric

For AutoCAD LT:

ACLT.LIN - AutoCAD LT EnglishACLTISO.LIN - AutoCAD LT Metric

Figure Step 6


Figure Step 5B



5/16



Step 7 Scroll down until you

find the linetype DASHDOT.Click it to select it as shown inFigure Step 7.

Figure Step 7

13 - 5

Figure Step 8

Step 10 The three linetypes

you loaded will now appearin the Select Linetypedialogue box as shown inFigure Step 10. What youhave done is loaded thosethree linetype definitionsinto your drawing. Click OKto close the dialogue box.


Step 8 While holding down the

CTRL key, scroll down until youfind the linetypes HIDDEN and

PHANTOM2 and select them.They will highlight as shown inFigure Step 8. You must hold theCTRL key down to select morethen one linetype at a time.

Step 9 Click OK.

Figure Step 10



6/16



Step 11 In the Layer

Property Managers dialoguebox, click the linetypeContinuous for the layerHidden as shown in FigureStep 11. This will open theSelect Linetype dialoguebox.

Step 12 In the SelectLinetype dialogue box,

select the linetype HIDDENas shown in Figure Step

12.

Figure Step 13

Step 14 Change the colors of the layers to

match Figure Step 14.


Figure Step 11

Figure Step 12

Step 13 You should now see the linetypeHIDDEN for the layer Hidden as shown inFigure Step 13 . Now change the linetype toDASHDOT for layer Object1 and

PHANTOM2 for layer Object2 as shown inFigure Step 13.

Figure Step 14

Object Properties

Understanding and using object properties to edit and inquire about the

drawing objects is very important to the drawing speed of the AutoCADoperator. Whenever possible, use the Properties dialogue box to editobjects rather than using AutoCAD commands.

The CAD Guys Ltd. Copyright 1993 - 2007 Module 13


7/16



Step 15 On the drawing, draw three 2 unit diameter circles on

layer 0. Take a guess at the location of the centers of thecircles to approximately match Figure Step 15.

Figure Step 15

Figure Step 16

Step 16 Open the Properties

dialogue box. Select the topleft circle. In the Propertiesdialogue box, change it to layerHidden as shown in FigureStep 16.

Step 17 Select the centercircle. In the Propertiesdialogue box, change it to layer

Object1 as shown in Figure Figure Step 17Step 17.

Figure Step 18A

Step 18 Select the bottom right circle. In the Properties

dialogue box, change it to layer Object2 as shown in FigureStep 18A. You drawing should now appear as shown inFigure Step 18B.

13 - 7

...continued on page 13-8 Figure Step 18B



8/16



Step 19 Ensure the LTSCALE is set to 1. Enter the following command:

Command: LTSCALEEnter new linetype scale factor :

Command:(If it is not set to 1, enter 1 and pressenter.)

Select the top left circle. In theProperties dialogue box, changethe Linetype scale to 2 as shown inFigure Step 19.

(This is the CELTSCALE)

Figure Step 19

Step 20 Select the center circle.In the Properties dialogue box,

change the Linetype scale to 0.5as shown in Figure Step 20.

Figure Step 20

Figure Step 21A

Step 21 Select the bottom right circle. In the Propertiesdialogue box, change the Linetype scale to 5 as shown inFigure Step 21A. Your drawing should now appear asshown in Figure Step 21B.

Step 22 Save and close the drawing.

Figure Step 21B

The Properties dialogue box will open automatically when you double click

an object. This will save you one step if you want to edit or inquire aboutthe object's properties.



9/16


Selecting Objects

After entering any command that requires you to select one or more objects, AutoCAD will

13 - 9

prompt you with the Select Objectprompt To draw faster, it is important for you to be able toselect objects in the most time efficient method since many commands require object selection.There are many methods of selecting objects and you will be introduced to all of them as you

work your way through the modules. In this module, you will learn the pick, window, and crossmethods.

Method of Selecting Objects

Method Abb. Description Display

pick

window

cross

N/A Allows you to pick one object at a time

using the graphic cursor. The graphiccursor will display as the pickbox. Pick isthe default.

W Selects all the objects that are totallyinside a window defined by two userpicked corners. A window will always

appear with a solid line forming the box.If you select the two points, start from leftto right. A window will automatically beused.

C Selects all the objects that are totallyinside and the ones that cross a windowdefined by two user picked corners. Acrossing window will always have adashed line forming the box. If youselect from right to left, a crossingwindow will automatically be used.

It is sometimes

easier to load all

the linetypes intoa drawing rather

1

1

2

2

3

2

1

then selecting them individually.To do this, select any linetypeand then press CTRL-A. Thiswill select all linetypes.



10/16


It is very important to understand how objects are selected. If you use thepick method to select the objects using the graphic cursor, AutoCAD willselect only one object, even though two objects are exactly located at thesame location. If the objects are selected using either the window or crosswindow method, AutoCAD will select all of the objects even if they are

exactly at the same location.

Geometry Lesson

Compound Fillet

A compound filletis two or more tangent

arcs used to create a continuous curve.Study Figure 13-5. Note the small dashedline. It is there to indicate to you that the3R arc is tangent to the line and smallcircle as shown in Step 1. The 1R tangent

arc is then inserted tangent to 3R arc andthe large circle as shown in Step 2. Sincethey are tangent arcs, you would use theFILLET command twice to draw thecompound fillet.

Step 1

Figure 13-5

Step 2

The Key Principles in Module 13

1. AutoCAD stores all existing objects and their properties in a database format file called

the drawing file. The name of the file is the name you have assigned the drawing with

the extension .DWG .

2. A linetype is a repeating pattern of dots, dashes, text, objects, and blank spaces

displayed on the object. It is an appearance only and does not change the object.

3. The individual linetype scale (CELTSCALE) multiplies the scale factor it is set to timesthe existing factor of the global linetype scale (LTSCALE). It is best to leave theLTSCALE to 1.

4. If you use the pick method to select the objects using the graphic cursor, AutoCAD will

select only one object, even though two objects are exactly located at the same location.If the objects are selected using either the window or cross window method, AutoCAD willselect all of the objects even if they are exactly at the same location.



11/16

AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules - AutoCAD 2D - Revised 2007-04-12 13 - 11

Lab Exercise 13-1

Drawing Specifications

Time Allowed: 30 Min.

Name

AutoCAD 2D Lab 13-1

Template

Module Template B

Units

Inches

Text Style

N/A

Font

N/A

Note: Color, Linetype, and Lineweight are all < ByLayer< unless otherwise instructed.

Layering Scheme

Objects on Layer Name Color Linetype Lineweight

Construction Objects

All Objects

Instructions:

Construction

Object

253

Red

Continuous

Continuous

N/A

N/A

1. Setup the layers using the Layering Scheme shown above.2. Draw the object shown below using the layering scheme above.3. Draw all construction objects on layer Construction.4. Check your drawing with the key.

5 If you have any errors, correct your drawing.6. Turn layer Key off and freeze layer Construction.7. Save and close the drawing..

Object Properties The CAD Guys Ltd. Copyright 1993 - 2007

Completed

Drawing

Module 13


12/16


Construction Techniques

The following steps are the construction technique suggested by the author to help you learn

how to construct objects using AutoCAD. It is only the suggested method and if you cancomplete the drawing accurately using a different construct technique, that is what is important.You may want to compare your construction technique with the authors.

Construction Hints

Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hint(s). If you get stuck and

can't complete it on your own, use the following hint(s) to help you.

Hint 1

Before you can insert the fillets on the left side of the object, you must insert two horizontallines from the end of the arc. These can be any length. The FILLET command willautomatically trim them. See Figure Hint 1.

Figure Hint 1



13/16

AutoCAD Self-paced Learning Modules - AutoCAD 2D - Revised 2007-04-12 13 - 13

Lab Exercise 13-2



Name

AutoCAD 2D Lab 13-2

Template

N/A

Units

Inches

Text Style

N/A

Font

N/A


Layering Scheme



Outline of Object

Full Circles

The Slot

Instructions:

Construction

Outline

Circle

Slot

253

Red

Green

Blue

Continuous

Phantom 2

Border 2

Dashed 2

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1. Open the drawing AutoCAD 2D Lab 13-1 that you just completed in

the last lab exercise. If you have not completed Lab , do it beforecontinuing you on with this lab exercise.

2. Using the SAVEAS command, save the drawing with the nameAutoCAD 2D Lab 13-2.

3. Change the layers on the drawing to match the layering schemeshown above.

4. Using the Properties dialogue box, change the layers of the objectsas indicated in the Layering Scheme.

5. Change the linetype scale of each object to match the figure shown

below. You will have to guess at the number. Do your best tomatch it as closely as you can by eye.


Completed

Drawing

Module 13


14/16


Lab Exercise 13-3



Name Template Units Text Style Font

AutoCAD 2D Lab 13-3 Module Template A3 Millimeters N/A N/A


Layering Scheme



All Objects

Instructions:

Construction

Object

253

Red

Continuous

Continuous

N/A

N/A

1. Setup the layers using the Layering Scheme shown above.2. Draw the object shown below using the layering scheme above.3. Draw all construction objects on layer Construction.4. Check your drawing with the key.

5 If you have any errors, correct your drawing.6. Turn layer Key off and freeze layer Construction.7. Save and close the drawing.


Completed

Drawing

Module 13


15/16


Construction Techniques

13 - 15

The following steps are the construction technique suggested by the author to help you learn

how to construct objects using AutoCAD. It is only the suggested method and if you cancomplete the drawing accurately using a different construct technique, that is what is important.You may want to compare your construction technique with the authors.

Construction Hints

Do your best to complete the lab exercise drawing without using the following hint(s). If you get stuck andcan't complete it on your own, use the following hint(s) to help you.

Hint 1

There are two compound fillets in this object. See Page 13-10. First insert a fillet from the

large circles on the left side of the object to medium circle on the right side. See Figure Hint 1

below.

Object Properties

Step 1

Figure Hint 1

The CAD Guys Ltd. Copyright 1993 - 2007

Step 2

Module 13


16/16


Lab Exercise 13-4



Name

AutoCAD 2D Lab 13-4

Template

N/A

Units

Millimeters

Text Style

N/A

Font

N/A


Layering Scheme


All Circles

All Arcs

Instructions:

Circle

Arc

Blue

Green

Dashed

Phantom

N/A

N/A

1. Open the drawing AutoCAD 2D Lab 13-3 that you just completed in thelast lab exercise. If you have not completed Lab , do it before continuingyou on with this lab exercise.

2. Using the SAVEAS command, save the drawing with the name AutoCAD

2D Lab 13-4.3. Change the layers on the drawing to match the layering scheme shown

above.4. Using the Properties dialogue box, change the layers of the objects as

indicated in the Layering Scheme.5. Change the linetype scale of each object to match the f igure shown

below. You will have to guess at the number. Do your best to match itas closely as you can by eye.

Completed

Drawing


autocad 2d module 13 pdf

Documents