Policy Research and Strategic Planning Office A State Affiliate of the U.S. Census Bureau

John R. Kasich, Governor of Ohio Mark Kvamme, Director, Ohio Department of Development

The Ohio Motor Vehicle Industry

February 2011

THE OHIO MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRY

FEBRUARY 2011

B401 Don Larrick, Principal Analyst Policy Research and Strategic Planning, Ohio Department of Development

P.O. Box 1001, Columbus, Oh. 43216-1001 Production Support: Steven Kelley, Editor

Robert Schmidley, GIS Specialist

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Executive Summary - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 Description of Ohios Motor Vehicle Industry- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 The Motor Vehicle Industrys Impact on Ohios Economy- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 Ohios Strategic Position in Motor Vehicle Assembly - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 Notable Motor Vehicle Industry Manufacturers in Ohio- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10 Recent Expansion and Attraction Announcements- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18 The Concentration of the Industry in Ohio: Gross Domestic Product and Value-Added- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 20 The Composition of Ohios Motor Vehicle Industry: Value-Added - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 22 Four-Year Summaries of Light Vehicle Production in Ohio- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24 Tier-1 Parts Suppliers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 28 The Composition of Ohios Motor Vehicle Industry Employment at the Plants- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 32 Industry Wages- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 34 The Distribution of Industry Establishments Across Ohio - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 36 The Distribution of Industry Employment Across Ohio - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 38 Foreign Investment in Ohio - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 39

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Trends - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 42 Employment - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 44 Gross Domestic Product - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 46 Value-Added by Ohios Motor Vehicle Industry - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48 Light Vehicle Production in Ohio and the U.S. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 50 Capital Expenditures for Ohios Motor Vehicle Industry - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 52 Establishments - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 54 U.S. Industry Analysis and Outlook - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 56 Balance of Trade Trends - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 58 Market Share Trends - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 62 Industry Operations and Recent Trends- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 64 Technologies for Production Processes and Vehicles - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 68 The Near and Longer Term Outlooks - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 74 Assembler Profiles - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 78 Fiat SpA/Chrysler LLC - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 80 Ford Motor Co.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 82 General Motors Co - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 84

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Honda Motor Co. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 86 Navistar International Corp. and PACCAR, Inc. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 88 Appendices - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 89

Detailed Tables 90

Table A1: Notable Motor Vehicle Industry Manufacturers in Ohio, 2010- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 91 Table A2: Expansion and Attraction Announcements in Ohios Motor Vehicle Industry, 2006-2009 98 Table A3: Value-Added in Ohios Motor Vehicle Industry, 2007- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 101 Table A4: Detailed Light Vehicle Production in Ohio, 2007-2010 104 Table A5: Motor Vehicle Industry Establishments and Employment, Ohio and the U.S., 2008 - - - - - 105 Table A6: Motor Vehicle Industry Employment and Pay, Ohio and the U.S., 2008 107 Table A7: Establishments and Employment in Ohios Motor Vehicle Industry by County, 2008 - - - - 110 Table A8a: Motor Vehicle Industry Employment Trends in Ohio, 2000-2008 111 Table A8b: Motor Vehicle Industry Employment Trends in the U.S., 2000-2008- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 112 Table A9: Total and Motor Vehicle Industry Gross Domestic Product, Ohio and the U.S., 1997-2008 113 Table A10: Trends in Value-Added by Group for Ohio and the U.S., 1997-2008- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 114 Table A11: Light Vehicle Production in Ohio and the U.S., 1990-2010 115 Table A12: Trends in Capital Expenditures by Group for Ohio and the U.S., 1997-2008 - - - - - - - - - - 116 Table A13a: Motor Vehicle Industry Establishment Trends in Ohio, 2000-2008 117 Table A13b: Motor Vehicle Industry Establishment Trends in the U.S., 2000-2008 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 118 Table A14: Exports as a Percentage of Imports Motor Vehicles, Engines and Parts by Area and Type, 1999-2009 120 Table A15a: U.S. Sales of Imported and Domestic Light Vehicles, 1990-2009 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 121 Table A15b: Percentages of U.S. Sales of Imported and Domestic Light Vehicles, 1990-2009 123 Table A16: Projections of Motor Vehicle Industry Employment, Ohio and the U.S., 2008-2018- - - - - - 125

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NAICS Codes: Industry Definition and Examples - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 126

Glossary - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 130 Notes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 131

Sources and References Cited - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 136

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Motor vehicle assembly and the related manufacture of bodies, trailers and parts amount to 2.7 percent of the states

economic activity. The addition of goods production and service provision supporting the motor vehicle industry bring the cluster total to 7.5 percent of Ohios output according to the Minnesota IMPLAN Group.

Ohio ranked second in the nation in value-added in both assembly and parts operations during 2008.

Ohio is at the center of the motor vehicle industry 68.2 percent of N. American light vehicle production during 2010 was in Ohio or within 500 miles (805 kilometers) of its borders.

13 different models totaling over 1.1 million light vehicles came from Ohios six high-volume light vehicle plants during 2010 one-seventh of U.S. output. These include over 100,000 each of some of the nations best-sellers: Accords, CR-Vs, Jeep Wranglers, and Econoline vans.

The three plants assembling cars made over 510,000 vehicles over one-sixth of U.S. output. The five plants assembling light trucks made over 590,000 vehicles about one-eighth of U.S. output.

34 companies on Fortunes U.S. 1,000 or Global 500 lists have industry plants in Ohio; seven of these maintain world

headquarters here.

Honda is the largest motor vehicle industry manufacturer in Ohio with over 13,200 (including subsidiaries) employed in manufacturing operations, followed by General Motors with 9,500, Ford at 5,900, and 3,300 at Chrysler; 10 more com-panies employ at least 1,000 people here.

Parts suppliers are smaller but numerous; the 348 tier-1 supplier establishments in Ohio are 9.8 percent of such es-tablishments in N. America, ranking second to Michigan among the surrounding states and provinces.

72,000 people were employed at assembly and parts plants, according to the Ohio Dept. of Job and Family Services. From November, 2009, to November, 2010, employment in the assembly plants rose from 13,300 to 19,700, while employment at parts plants was unchanged at 56,000.

The greatest concentrations of industry employment in Ohio occur in metal stamping (21.6 percent of the U.S.) and

transmission and power train parts (15.1 percent). 1

The production of motor vehicles, bodies, trailers and parts is diffused across the state 80 counties have at least one industry establishment. One-half of the jobs were located in 10 counties: Cuyahoga, Hancock, Logan, Lorain, Lucas, Montgomery, Richland, Shelby, Trumbull, and Union counties.

Dozens of companies (or their subsidiaries) from 11 foreign nations employ over 41,000 people in assembly and parts

production in Ohio; 13 of them are on Fortunes Global 500 list.

Overall capital expenditures for the industry in Ohio were roughly proportional to value-added here during the 1997-2008 period, indicating that the industry maintains its presence here.

117 industry investment announcements by 93 companies during the 2006-2009 period totaling $2.68 billion were recorded by the Ohio Department of Development.

The latest available data show that overall motor vehicle industry wages/salaries in Ohio almost $53,700 per year.

Sales and production of light vehicles as well as medium- and heavy-duty trucks are expected to be higher in the near future as the nation recovers from the recession.

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DESCRIPTION OF OHIOS MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRY

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THE MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRYS IMPACT ON OHIOS ECONOMY

OHIOS MOTOR VEHICLE CLUSTER Value Output1 Added1 Employment Compensation2

Industry (NAICS Codes) (Billions) (Billions) (Thousands) (Billions)

Motor vehicles (3361) $32.2 $4.2 26.7 $3.1 Motor vehicle parts (3363) $29.4 $7.7 82.7 $6.9 Other motor vehicle and related industries (3362, 3261, 335911) $4.8 $0.9 10.6 $0.7 Motor vehicle industry subtotal $66.4 $12.8 120.0 $10.7

As a percent of state economy total3 6.8% 2.7% 1.8% 3.9%

Other manufacturing industries (31-33p) $13.8 $3.7 37.4 $2.9 Other goods production (11, 21, 23) $0.5 $0.2 4.1 $0.2 Supporting goods subtotal $14.3 $3.9 41.5 $3.1

As a percent of state economy total3 1.5% 0.8% 0.6% 1.1% Goods-production subtotal $80.7 $16.7 161.4 $13.8

As a percent of state economy total3 8.2% 3.5% 2.4% 5.0% Transportation, warehousing, information and utilities (48-49, 51, 22) $4.4 $2.3 19.8 $1.2 Wholesale and retail trade (42, 44-45) $7.8 $5.2 67.3 $3.1 All other private sector services $18.6 $10.9 147.3 $6.5 Government (92) $0.5 $0.2 2.7 $0.2 Service-providing subtotal $31.3 $18.6 237.1 $11.0

As a percent of state economy total3 3.2% 3.9% 3.6% 4.0%

Total motor vehicle cluster3 $112.0 $35.3 398.5 $24.8 As a percent of state economy total3 11.4% 7.5% 6.0% 8.9%

State economy total $983.4 $473.7 6,615.1 $277.5 Notes: 1 Values are based on 2008 economic data. Output values indicate of the volume of industry transactions. Value-added estimates approximate the net contributions to economic output. 2 Includes the value of benefits as well as wages and salaries. 3 Parts may not sum to subtotals and sub-totals may not sum to the cluster totals due to rounding error. Percentages also are subject to rounding error.

Source: Minnesota IMPLAN Group (model 3.0, 2010).

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The Ohio motor vehicle industry directly employed almost 120,000 workers 1.8 percent of all employees in the state. A broader view of the industrys role in the economy takes into account a cluster of industries supplying capital equip-

ment, parts, materials and even facilities.

An estimated 37,400 workers in Ohio made goods incorporated into motor vehicles, bodies, trailers and parts, or that were used in the process. Examples of the former include windshields and windows, springs, nuts, bolts, bear-ings, valves, electronic parts, paints and metal coatings, adhesives, and sealing devices. These were often made of steel, aluminum, glass, rubber, plastics or other chemical products. Examples of the latter include capital equip-ment and paperboard products.

About 4,100 more non-manufacturing goods-producing jobs notably in construction depended on presence of the motor vehicle industry here. Altogether, 161,400 goods-producing jobs in Ohio 2.4 percent of the total were directly and indirectly related to motor vehicle production.

Additional industries outside of goods production are part of the motor vehicle cluster.

An estimated 237,100 3.6 percent of all workers were in service industries related to motor vehicles goods, notably including (but not limited to) transportation, warehousing, wholesale and retail trade, financing and in-surance, and repair.

In addition to a larger number of jobs, the net aggregate economic impact of motor vehicle-related service sector

jobs exceeds that of the goods-producing cluster: $18.6 vs. $16.7 billion in value added. Combining the impact of the manufacturing and service clusters means that a total of six percent of all Ohio workers

398,500 of 6,615,100 were directly and indirectly depended on the motor vehicle industry cluster for their livelihood. The net value added of the goods and services amounted to 7.5 percent of the economy (Minnesota IMPLAN Group, 2010).

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Light Vehicle AssemblyPlants in North America

0 20 40 60 80Miles

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R020711A

Prepared by: Ohio Department of Development,Policy Research and Strategic Planning (March 2011)

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N. American Light Vehicle Production in 2010:69-Plant Total - 11,960,670

The 20 Highest-Volume Plants Are Listed Below

Source: Automotive News

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Notable Establishments*in Ohio's

Motor Vehicle Industry

Prepared by:Ohio Department of Development

Policy Research and Strategic PlanningFebruary 2011

R020711A

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NOTABLE MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRY MANUFACTURERS IN OHIO Thirty-four companies on Fortune magazines U.S.-1,000 or Global-500 lists have motor vehicle industry establishments in Ohio. Seven of them maintain their world headquarters here: Cooper Tire & Rubber, Dana, Eaton, Goodyear Tire & Rub-ber, Parker-Hannifin, Thor Industries, and Worthington Industries. Honda is the largest industry employer with over 13,200 (including subsidiaries) in manufacturing operations.1 (Hondas total employment in Ohio exceeds 15,000 when other support activities are included. An additional 4,200-plus are employed at companies Honda describes as affiliates.) General Motors (GM) follows with over 9,500 (more, when non-manufacturing activities are included). Ford employs 5,900, and almost 3,300 work for Fiats Chrysler Group.2 Other companies employing at least 1,000 in Ohio include Behr & Co., Cooper Tire & Rubber and Goodyear Tire & Rubber (both include corporate headquarters), International Automo-tive, KTH Parts, Magna International, PACCARs Kenworth division, PPG Industries, Showa, and Tokai Kogyo. Establishments with non-motor vehicle industry NAICS codes have been included when their specific products are used by the industry. Examples include Daimler AGs and GM-Isuzus diesel engine plants (Daimler rebuilds engines), GMs foundry, and the automotive glass operations of Asahi Glass and PPG. The map above shows the locations of the 46 manufacturing establishments with 500 or more employees. The list below includes the Fortune companies with at least 50 people at a site as well as other companies employing 500 or more in Ohio and having at least 50 people at a site.3 It is organized by NAICS code and includes the city where the site is lo-cated. Assembly or parts operations may not be the primary businesses of some of the companies on the list, but their sites are included because their primary NAICS codes or products their clients buy make them as part of the industry. Primary Jobs Parent/Company/Division NAICS City at Site^ Transportation equipment industry codes: 33611: Automobiles and Light-Duty Motor Vehicles General Motors LLC*/Lordstown Complex: Assembly & Metal Center 336111 Lordstown 4,500 Honda affiliate: Jefferson Industries Corp. 336111 W. Jefferson 370 Honda Motor Co.*/Marysville Assembly Plant 336111 Marysville 5,000 Honda Motor Co.*/Marysville Building 1 336111 Marysville 150 Honda Motor Co.*/Marysville Building 2 336111 Marysville 200 Toledo Molding & Die, Inc.10 336111 Toledo 100 Fiat SpA*3/Chrysler Group/Supplier Park4 336112 Toledo 1,188

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Primary Jobs Parent/Company/Division NAICS City at Site^ 33611: Automobiles and Light-Duty Motor Vehicles (continued) Fiat SpA*3/Chrysler Group/Toledo North Assembly 336112 Toledo 1,400 Ford Motor Co.*/Ohio Assembly Plant 336112 Avon Lake 1,817 Honda Motor Co.*/E. Liberty Assembly Plant 336112 E. Liberty 2,500 33612: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Trucks Navistar, Inc.*9 33612 Springfield 690 PACCAR, Inc.*/Kenworth Division 33612 Chillicothe 1,100 3362: Motor Vehicle Bodies and Trailers ARE Accessories LLC 336211 Massillon 525 Berkshire-Hathaway*/Scott Fetzer Co./Stahl Co. 336212 Cardington 107 Berkshire-Hathaway*/Scott Fetzer Co./Stahl Co. 336212 Wooster 150 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. 336212 Salem 104 Mac Trailer Manufacturing, Inc. 336212 Alliance 400 Thor Industries, Inc.*/Airstream, Inc. 336213 Jackson Center 350 33631: Motor Vehicle Gasoline Engines and Engine Parts Dover Corp.*/Wiseco Piston, Inc. 336311 Mentor 265 Ford Motor Co.*/Cleveland Engine Plant 15 336311 Brook Park 375 Ford Motor Co.*/Cleveland Engine Plant 25 336311 Brook Park 447 Ford Motor Co.*/Lima Engine Plant 336311 Lima 601 Honda Motor Co.*/Anna Engine Plant 336311 Anna 2,800 ThyssenKrupp AG*/ThyssenKrupp Crankshaft Co. LLC 336312 Fostoria 361 33632: Motor Vehicle Electrical and Electronic Equipment Stanley Electric Co., Ltd./Stanley Electric US Co., Inc. 336321 London 660 Delphi Automotive LLP*/Delphi Automotive Systems LLC 336322 Warren 120 Honda affiliate: Toyo Denso Co., Ltd./Weastec, Inc. 336322 Hillsboro 145 Mitsubishi Electric Corp.*/Mitsubishi Electric Automotive 336322 Mason 422 Stoneridge, Inc. 336322 Mansfield 500

11

Primary Jobs Parent/Company/Division NAICS City at Site^ 33633: Motor Vehicle Steering and Suspension Components Honda affiliate: Yamada Mfg. Co., Ltd./Yamada N. America, Inc. 33633 S. Charleston 340 Showa Corp./American Showa, Inc. 33633 Blanchester 600 Showa Corp./American Showa, Inc. 33633 Sunbury 400 ThyssenKrupp AG*/ThyssenKrupp Bilstein of America 33633 Hamilton 212 33634: Motor Vehicle Brake Systems Aisin Seiki Co., Ltd.*/ADVICS Mfg. Ohio, Inc. 33634 Lebanon 625 Cypress Group LLC/Cooper-Standard Automotive, Inc.* 33634 New Lexington 352 Eaton Corp.*2 33634 Cleveland 200 Honda affiliate: Nissin Kogyo Co., Ltd./Nissin Brake Ohio, Inc. 33634 Findlay 750 33635: Motor Vehicle Transmissions and Parts Fiat SpA*3/Chrysler Group/Machining Plant 33635 Perrysburg 700 Ford Motor Co.*/Sharonville Transmission (Business Courier) 33635 Cincinnati 1,600 General Motors LLC*/GMPT Toledo Transmission 33635 Toledo 1,564 Honda Motor Co.*/Honda Transmission Mfg. (160 more anticipated) 33635 Russells Point 1,050 33636: Motor Vehicle Seating and Interior Trim International Automotive 33636 Sidney 350 Johnson Controls, Inc.*/Interiors LLC 33636 Oberlin 250 Magna International*8/Magna Seating of America, Inc. 33636 Warren 250 Magna International*8/Magna Seating of America, Inc. 33636 Strongsville 60 33637: Motor Vehicle Metal Stampings American Trim LLC 33637 Sidney 600 ArcelorMittal*/Powerlasers Corp. 33637 Pioneer 65 Ernie Green Industries, Inc./Florida Production Engineering 33637 New Madison 230 Ford Motor Co.*/Walton Hills Stamping Plant 33637 Cleveland 415 General Motors LLC*GMPT Parma 33637 Parma 1,490 Magna International*8/Decoma Intl. of America/Norplas Industries, Inc. 33637 Northwood 496

12

Primary Jobs Parent/Company/Division NAICS City at Site^ 33637: Motor Vehicle Metal Stampings (continued) Magna International*8/Magna Cosma International (fka Vehtek Systems, Inc.) 33637 Bowling Green 75 Midway Products Group, Inc./Findlay Products Corp. 33637 Findlay 130 Midway Products Group, Inc./P & A Industries, Inc. 33637 Findlay 200 Midway Products Group, Inc./Progressive Stamping, Inc. 33637 Ottoville 250 Pacific Industrial Co., Ltd./Takumi Stamping 33637 Fairfield 150 Worthington Industries, Inc.*/Gerstenslager Co. 33637 Wooster 428 33639: Other Motor Vehicle Parts Behr GmbH & Co. KG/Behr Dayton Thermal Products 336391 Dayton 2,000 ArvinMeritor, Inc.* 336399 Heath 364 Blackstone Group LP*/TRW Automotive, Inc.*1 336399 Toledo 55 Blackstone Group LP*/TRW Automotive, Inc.*1 336399 Fayette 140 Cummins, Inc.*/Cummins Filtration 336399 Findlay 250 Dana Holding Corp.*/Dana Ltd. 336399 Maumee 500 Dana Holding Corp.*/Dana Ltd. 336399 Toledo 100 Delphi Automotive LLP*/Delphi Automotive Systems LLC 336399 Warren 200 Delphi Automotive LLP*/Delphi Automotive Systems LLC 336399 Warren 120 Ernie Green Industries, Inc./Marion Industries, Inc. 336399 Marion 230 Ford Motor Co.*/Automotive Components Holdings 336399 Sandusky 600 F-Tech, Inc./F&P America Mfg., Inc. 336399 Troy 650 Hitachi Ltd.*/Hitachi Metals America Ltd./AAP St. Marys Corp. 336399 St. Marys 470 Honda affiliate: Kalida Mfg., Inc. 336399 Kalida 250 Honda affiliate: KTH Parts Industries, Inc. 336399 Saint Paris 770 Honda affiliate: Nihon Plast Co., Ltd./Neaton Auto Products Mfg., Inc. 336399 Eaton 700 Honda affiliate: Tanaka Seimitsu Kogyo Co., Ltd./FT Precision, Inc. 336399 Fredericktown 225 Honda affiliate: Tokyo Seat Ltd./TS Tech USA Corp. 336399 Reynoldsburg 150 Honda affiliate: Tokyo Seat Ltd./TS Trim Industries, Inc. 336399 Canal Winchester 537 Honda Motor Co.*/AY Mfg. Ltd. 336399 Columbus 200 Honda Motor Co.*/Cardington Yutaka Technologies, Inc. 336399 Cardington 650 Honda Motor Co.*/U.S. Yachiyo 336399 Marion 141

13

Primary Jobs Parent/Company/Division NAICS City at Site^ 33639: Other Motor Vehicle Parts (continued) Honeywell International, Inc.* 336399 Fostoria 100 Honeywell International, Inc.* 336399 Greenville 179 International Automotive 336399 Wauseon 600 International Automotive 336399 Fremont 200 Johnson Controls, Inc.*/Interiors LLC 336399 Northwood 170 Magna International*8/Decoma Intl. of America/Magna Modular Systems, Inc. 336399 Toledo 260 Morioku Holdings Co., Ltd./Greenville Technology, Inc. 336399 Greenville 700 Pacific Industrial Co., Ltd./Pacific Mfg. Ohio, Inc. 336399 Fairfield 350 Parker-Hannifin Corp.* 336399 Wickliffe 271 PSA Peugeot-Citreon SA*/Faurecia Exhaust Systems, Inc. 336399 Franklin 300 PSA Peugeot-Citreon SA*/Faurecia Exhaust Systems, Inc. 336399 Toledo 100 PSA Peugeot-Citreon SA*/Faurecia Exhaust Systems, Inc. 336399 Toledo 50 Sankei Giken Co., Ltd./Newman Technology, Inc. 336399 Mansfield 850 Sanoh Industrial Co., Ltd./Sanoh America, Inc. 336399 Findlay 773 Sanoh Industrial Co., Ltd./Sanoh America, Inc. 336399 Mt. Vernon 224 Schaeffler KG/Schaeffler Group USA, Inc./LuK USA LLC 336399 Wooster 800 Tenneco, Inc.* 336399 Napoleon 404 Tokai Kogyo Co., Ltd./Green Tokai Co., Ltd. 336399 Brookville 500 Toledo Molding & Die, Inc.10 336399 Delphos-Allen 130 Toledo Molding & Die, Inc.10 336399 Delphos-Van Wert 85 Toledo Molding & Die, Inc.10 336399 Tiffin 310 Related Industries: PPG Industries* 32551 Cleveland 602 PPG Industries* 32551 Delaware 465 Tokai Kogyo Co., Ltd./DTR Industries, Inc. 32622 Bluffton 790 Ernie Green Industries, Inc./Florida Production Engineering 326199 Circleville 204 Cooper Tire & Rubber Co.* 326211 Findlay 1,072 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.*6 326211 Akron 3,000 Yamashita Rubber Co., Ltd./YUSA Corp. 326291 Washington CH 830

14

Primary Jobs Parent/Company/Division NAICS~ City at Site^ Related Industries (continued): Asahi Glass Co., Ltd./AGC Automotive Americas 327211 Bellefontaine 370 Guardian Automotive Products 327211 Millbury 225 Asahi Glass Co., Ltd./Belletech Corp. (PPG Industries, Inc.* owns 40 percent) 327215 Bellefontaine 140 Guardian Automotive Products 327215 Upper Sandusky 500 General Motors LLC*/Defiance Foundry (189 more anticipated) 331511 Defiance 1,342 Honda Motor Co.*/Celina Aluminum Precision Technology, Inc. 33152 Celina 500 Daimler AG*/Detroit Diesel Remanufacturing 333618 Byesville 500 General Motors LLC*/DMAX (Isuzu Motors Ltd. owns 40 percent) 333618 Dayton 547 Enersys Corp.* 335911 Cleveland 168 Johnson Controls, Inc.*/Battery Group 335911 Holland 456 Notes: ~ - non-industry codes are included if production is principally for motor vehicles; ^ - jobs figures are from various sources, each thought to be the best available; * - a Fortune U.S.-1,000 or Global-500 company; 1 - both companies are in the Fortune U.S.-1,000; 2 - 500 more are employed at corporate headquarters; 3 - Fiat currently owns 25 percent of Chrysler, but seeks a 51 percent stake; 4 - Chrysler has no more than 450 people there; the remaining employment is divided among four companies: Excel, Kuka, Magna International and OMMC; 5 employment at the two plants may increase soon; 6 - includes headquarters employment; 7 - the company employs additional people at non-manufacturing sites; 8 - not including jobs at Chrysler's Suppliers Park site; 9 - a summary figure for three facilities close to one another; 10 - an unconsolidated joint venture [sic at the company website] with Visteon (Ford's former parts division); fka for-merly known as. Sources: Darke county (2010), Fortune (2010), Gearino (2010), Harris (2010), Kaczala (2010), LexisNexis (2010), Licking County (2009), Manta (2010), Marion, Ohio, Chamber of Commerce (2010), Niklewski (2009), ODOD (2010), Pickaway Progress Partnership (2010), PRSP (2010), Sandusky County Economic Development Corp. (2010), and various Company Websites. Prepared by: Policy Research and Strategic Planning, Ohio Dept. of Development. Telephone 614/466-2116 (DL, 10/10).

15

See Table A1

16

2006 2007 2008 2009Millions Planned $1,058.7 $731.1 $727.8 $159.2New Jobs Anticipated 1,652 1,247 2,878 890

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

$0.0

$200.0

$400.0

$600.0

$800.0

$1,000.0

$1,200.0

Jobs

Ant

icip

ated

Mill

ions

Pla

nned

Investment Announcements in Ohio'sMotor Vehicle Industry, 2006-2009Four-Year Totals: $2,873.3 Million; 6,595 Jobs

17Source: Policy Research & Strategic Planning

RECENT EXPANSION AND ATTRACTION ANNOUNCEMENTS From 2006 through 2009 the Ohio Dept. of Development recorded 117 investment announcements by 93 companies in the states motor vehicle industry totaling $2.68 billion. Over 6,600 new jobs and 3.52 million square feet of space are anticipated when the projects are completed. The vast majority of these $2.27 billon, over 5,500 jobs, and 3.29 million square feet are in the parts group (NAICS 3363 and products specifically for motor vehicles from non-transportation equipment industries). Over $400 million is being invested in assembly and chassis plants (NAICS 3361), with the re-maining $9.46 million for establishments making bodies and trailers (NAICS 3362). Almost 40 percent of the investment $1.06B occurred in 2006. Forty-three percent of the anticipated new jobs were announced in 2008. General Motors (GM) led all assemblers in Ohio by investing almost $1.39 billion during the four-year period.4 Ford fol-lowed with $284 million. Honda invested $111 million, with its affiliates collectively adding another $114 million. PAC-CARs Kenworth division planned to invest $50 million, and Chrysler planned to invest $27 million. Twenty-six parts com-panies announced investments of at least $10 million during the last four years, but only Bridgestone reached $100 mil-lion. Assemblers also made nine of the 10 largest individual investments during 2006-2009 (Bridgestone is the exception). The largest was $462.8 million for GMs transmission plant in Toledo in 2006. The company followed that with another $332 million for the same plant in 2007, and $317 million for its Lordstown assembly plant in 2008. All of the remaining top 10 investments were for parts operations. Kenworth and Honda announced smaller investments in their assembly plants. These counts are part of the Ohio Private Investment Survey annually compiled by Policy Research & Strategic Planning (2008-2010). A major investment must meet one of three criteria: at least 20,000 square feet of new space, $1 million to be spent for land, building(s), or equipment, or 50 new jobs. Many of the major investments are phased in over a two-to-three year cycle, with production and employee counts phased in after project completion.

18

See Table A2

3361-3+: Motor

Vehicle Industry

3361: Assembly

33611: Light

Vehicles

33612: Med.-Heavy Duty

Trucks

3362: Bodies & Trailers

3363: Parts

336312: Gasoline

Engines & Parts

336321: Vehicle Lighting

Eqpt.

33636: Seating, Interior Trim

33637: Metal

Stampings

3363n: All Other Parts

32621, 335911: Tires &

Batteries

Value-added in Ohio $21.5 $9.9 $9.3 $0.6 $0.5 $10.6 $2.3 $0.3 $0.8 $2.9 $4.4 $0.4Ohio as Pct. of U.S. 12.8% 13.5% 13.5% 13.6% 3.7% 14.7% 25.5% 16.8% 15.8% 22.8% 10.0% 4.3%

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

30.0%

$0.0

$5.0

$10.0

$15.0

$20.0

$25.0

(Bill

ions

)Value-Added by Segment in Ohio's

Motor Vehicle Industry

19Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2007

THE CONCENTRATION OF THE INDUSTRY IN OHIO: GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND VALUE-ADDED Gross domestic product data from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (2010a) show that the motor vehicle industry overall (NAICS 3361-3) is concentrated in Ohio, but value-added data from the Census Bureau provide additional specific information about which segments of the industry are more or less concentrated here. The chart above shows that parts production and assembly work are the twin pillars of industry concentration here with 14.7 and 13.5 percent, respectively, of national output. Some industries are exceptionally concentrated in Ohio, notably the production of gasoline engines and their components, stamping operations, vehicular lighting equipment, and seating and interior trim, ranging from 15.8 to 25.5 percent of national production.5 Other parts industries, including tire production, are less concentrated here. Data shown separately in table A3 add further detail to the portrait above. The latest available data from the Annual Survey of Manufactures show that Ohio ranked second only to Michigan in as-sembly operations and parts production. The state ranked twelfth in body and trailer production (U.S. Bureau of the Cen-sus, 2010a).

20

See Table A3

Value-Added by Segment in Ohio'sMotor Vehicle Industry(in millions, except percentages)

21Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2007

Cars & Lighty-Duty Trucks:$9,294.0--43.3%

Medium & Heavy-DutyTrucks: $626.1--2.9%

Bodies & Trailers: $470.4--2.2%

Total: $21,467.0--100.0%

Gasoline Engines& Parts:

$2,339.6--10.9%

Metal Stampings:$2,897.3--13.5%

All Other Parts: Electrical/Electronic,

Steering, Suspension,Brakes, Seating,

Interior Trim,Air-Conditioning, Etc.:

$3,738.8--17.4%

Tires & Batteries: $427.3--2.0%

Assembly: $9,920.1--46.2%Parts: $10,649.2--49.6%

Transmissions& Parts:

$1,673.6--7.8%

THE COMPOSITION OF OHIOS MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRY: VALUE-ADDED Value-added data from the most recent Census of Manufactures provide insight into the composition of the motor vehicle industry in Ohio as well as a basis for comparisons with other states and the country as a whole. The chart above illus-trates the relative distribution of motor vehicle industry output, usually by industry subgroups. Assembly operations (NAICS 3361) were 46.2 percent of industry production in the state. Specifically, cars and light-duty trucks combined amounted to 43.3 percent of production while medium- and heavy-duty truck production was 2.9 percent.6 Parts production, including tires and storage batteries, was 51.6 percent of motor vehicle industry output in Ohio. Metal stamping (33637) is the largest industry in the parts group with 13.5 percent of industry output, followed by gasoline en-gines and transmissions at 10.9 and 7.8 percent, respectively. The remaining parts industries combined for 19.4 percent of industry output, but no one individually added more value than transmissions. Manufacturing bodies and trailers (3362) constitutes 2.2 percent of industry output in Ohio. The chart above also illustrates how much of the motor vehicle industry in Ohio is attributable to just six companies. Chry-sler, Ford, General Motors, Honda, Navistar and PACCAR are high-volume assemblers, producing nearly all of the value-added in assembly operations. They also dominate the parts industries. Notably, assemblers have long made almost all of their own engines and transmissions, and do much of their own metal stamping. By adding assembly, engine, trans-mission and stamping percentages together, up to three-quarters of motor vehicle industry output in Ohio comes from those six companies.

22

See Table A3

2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010Light Trucks 208,736 103,364 10 0 111,762 151,389 157,180 234,093Cars 280,452 308,015 87,917 158,099 589,556 546,194 306,416 353,211

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

Ligh

t Veh

icle

s As

sem

bled

A Four-Year Summary of Light Vehicle Production in Ohio:General Motors and Honda

General Motors Honda

23Sources: Automotive News & Ward's. * - Initial estimate.

489,188

411,379

87,927

463,596

697,583701,318

158,099

587,304

FOUR-YEAR SUMMARIES OF LIGHT VEHICLE PRODUCTION IN OHIO The charts on the preceding and following pages summarize light vehicle production in Ohio during the last four years for each of the four high-volume light vehicle assemblers. Each had one or two assembly plants here in this time period. The charts and data shown in appendix tables A4 and A11 indicate the severity of the recession: collective production of light vehicles in Ohio fell 55 percent from 1,748,000 in 2007 to 783,000 in 2009. Car and light truck production fell at nearly the same rate over the two years, although light trucks dropped first with the high gasoline prices of 2008, and cars followed in 2009. All four assemblers shared more or less in this production plunge. Production bounded 40.9 percent in 2010 to 1,103,000, a substantial improvement from 2009, but below the depressed level of 2008. Honda, the highest-volume assembler in Ohio, saw combined production from its two plants fall by one-third the least of the four from 701,000 to less than 464,000. 2010 production rose 26.7 percent from 2009 to around 587,000. These summary figures mask more complex changes in the plants. Hondas light truck production increased each year from less than 112,000 to over 234,000. This is principally due to increased in CR-V production in E. Liberty, which more than off-set the net declines in RDX and Element production. Car production, which bounced back somewhat in 2010, reflects not only a net drop in Accord and TL output, but the transfer of Civic production elsewhere. CR-Vs have replaced Civics in E. Liberty. The only car production now in E. Liberty is the Accord Crosstour, which was launched in 2009 and expanded in 2010. In contrast to Honda, GMs production fell 82 percent from 489,000 to less than 88,000 before recovering to 158,000. The recession and high gasoline prices in 2008 and the subsequent drop in demand for mid-size SUVs were factors in the decision to officially close the Moraine plant in December. (It appears 10 vehicles were assembled in January, 2009, before it was permanently closed.) As with Honda, though, there is more to GMs drastic output drop than the impact of the recession. Car production in Lordstown increased by 27,000-plus to 308,000 in 2008 before plummeting to less than 88,000 in 2009. At least part of the drop could be due to the termination of the G5 in preparation for launching the Cruze in 2010. The still-relatively-low production of cars in 2010 in part reflects the termination of Cobalt production and the start of Cruze production.

24

See Tables A4 & A11

2007 2008 2009 2010 2007 2008 2009 2010Light Trucks 377,911 248,484 143,885 236,658 179,918 126,640 88,054 121,471Cars 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

Ligh

t Veh

icle

s As

sem

bled

A Four-Year Summary of Light Vehicle Production in Ohio:Chrysler and Ford

25

Chrysler FordSources: Automotive News & Ward's. * - Initial estimate.

143,885

248,484

377,911

179,918

126,64088,054

236,658

121,471

Chrysler and Ford make only light trucks in Ohio. Chryslers production of sport-utility vehicles (SUVs) fell 61.9 percent from almost 378,000 in 2007 to less than 144,000 in 2009. Production recovered to 236,000-plus in 2010, an increase of 64.5 percent from 2009, but still less than the depressed level of 2008. The recovery in 2010 was greater at Supplier Park, which produces Jeep Wranglers, than at Toledo North, which produces the Dodge Nitro and the Jeep Liberty. Al-though the output of Nitros and Liberties in 2010 was notably greater than 2009, the production of Wranglers in 2010 surpassed 2008 levels to approach the (mostly) pre-recession levels of 2007. Ford assembles Econoline vans at Avon Lake. Production fell 51 percent from almost 180,000 in 2007 to 88,000 in 2009. It rebounded to 121,000-plus in 2010, a 38 percent increase, and only little less than output in 2008.

26

See Table A4 & A11

Other Tier-1 Suppliers* of Motor Vehicle Parts in North America

Area Chrysler Ford GM Honda Kenworth Navistar Total^

Ohio: Number 181 202 224 114 1 15 348Percent 7.9% 7.1% 7.1% 8.5% 5.3% 12.1% 3.0%

Indiana: Number 114 133 141 48 0 8 204Percent 5.0% 4.7% 4.4% 3.6% 0.0% 6.5% 1.8%

Kentucky: Number 57 81 79 49 0 2 143Percent 2.5% 2.9% 2.5% 3.6% 0.0% 1.6% 1.2%

Michigan: Number 433 447 501 91 1 20 615Percent 19.0% 15.8% 15.8% 6.8% 5.3% 16.1% 5.3%

Ontario: Number 224 234 278 69 0 7 346Percent 9.8% 8.3% 8.8% 5.1% 0.0% 5.6% 3.0%

Pennsylvania: Number 46 44 53 12 0 5 62Percent 2.0% 1.6% 1.7% 0.9% 0.0% 4.0% 0.5%

West Virginia: Number 4 2 3 3 0 0 6Percent 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1%

North America: Number 2,066 2,274 2,448 692 19 123 3,543Percent 90.6% 80.2% 77.1% 51.4% 100.0% 99.2% 30.7%

the ELM World: Number 2,281 2,835 3,175 1,346 19 124 11,532Percent 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Notes: * - These are establishments. ^ - Includes any motor vehicle assembler any where.

Source: ELM International (2010) - www.eautoportal.com/.

Prepared by: Policy Research & Strategic Planning, Ohio Dept. of Development. Phone 614/466-2116 (DL, 9/10).

27

TIER-1 PARTS SUPPLIERS All assemblers deal with independent parts suppliers also referred to as tier-1 companies regardless of how many of their own parts they make. ELM International records information on over 11,500 such establishments in the world. How-ever, the table above focuses on those supplying parts, modules, and systems to the high-volume assemblers with plants in Ohio: Chrysler, Ford, General Motors (GM), Honda, the Kenworth division of PACCAR, and Navistar. The figures in the table above indicate that there are 348 establishments operating in Ohio. Of those 348, 224 ship to GM, 202 to Ford, 181 to Chrysler, 114 to Honda, 15 to Navistar and one to Kenworth. Summing the counts for these six customers produces a number greater than 348. Therefore, some of the establishments make parts for more than one assembler. In addition to Ohio, the table above also shows counts of suppliers by assembler for the areas surrounding Ohio. Of the six areas, only Michigan has substantially more tier-1 suppliers than Ohio, and Ontario come close with 346. Between seven and nine percent of all tier-1 supply establishments for Chrysler, Ford, GM and Honda are located in Ohio;7 12.1 percent of Navistars suppliers are in Ohio. Some companies concentrate on supplying original equipment to assemblers. These include Dana, Delphi, Goodyear Tire & Rubber, Johnson Controls, Magna International, Superior Industries, Tenneco Automotive, TRW (some of whose establishments were sold to form the Blackstone Group), and Visteon. Other original equipment companies, such as Allied Signal, Eaton, General Electric, 3M, PPG Industries, Textron, and United Technologies, have significant operations, but receive most of their revenue from outside of the motor vehicle industry. This also is true of smaller tier-1 companies listed in ELMs data base. Still other companies make parts that are more likely to be sold in the aftermarket as replace-ments; the largest include ArvinMeritor, Cooper Tire & Rubber, Danas Echlin division, and Federal-Mogul (Levy, 2010: 11, 24). As previously noted, many of these companies have establishments in Ohio. Parts companies survive by making a few specialized items requiring a high degree of skill, and doing so more efficiently than assemblers. Their ability to spread research, development, and equipment expenditures over several contracts as well as selling their expertise to a number of assemblers gives them a cost advantage over assemblers. They also are less likely to have a unionized labor force. Tier-1 companies try to maintain a diversified supply base the tier-2 and tier-3 companies to ensure a steady flow of parts at competitive prices. However, assemblers and tier-1 companies have been occasionally willing to provide financial and managerial assistance to the latter to maintain timely parts production (Levy, 2010: 23-24). Original equipment sales tend to be cyclical because they follow the sales of new vehicles. Aftermarket sales are more stable than original equipment sales due to the tendency to keep vehicles longer. The improved durability of newer

28

original equipment dampened aftermarket sales until the recession compelled owners to fix vehicles instead of purchasing new ones (Levy, 2010: 14, 24). The role of tire makers in the industry is often discussed separately from other parts makers. In 2009, 26 million tires were delivered to assemblers for new light vehicles, with another 208 million shipped as replacements according Modern Tire Dealer, an industry publication cited by Levy (2010: 25). The sum of the two figures is a 12 percent drop from the 2008 total, reflecting the impact of the recession. Despite their low profit margins (when compared with per unit after-market sales) and smaller percentage of total sales, original equipment sales are important for several reasons. Original equipment sales help aftermarket sales because owners tend to replace tires with the same brand. In turn, this means a larger market share than could be attained in the aftermarket alone, and greater economies of scale reduce per-unit op-erating costs. Original equipment sales also reduce distribution and advertising expenses (Levy, 2010: 25). The tire industry is highly capital intensive. Research and development efforts, production technology, and operations are very expensive. Consequently, the industry is dominated by a small number of vertically integrated giants; Bridgestone, Goodyear, and Michelin together account for about one-half of worldwide tire production (Levy, 2010: 11). (The vertical integration does not extend into distribution and retail sales. Other large companies dominate this part of the business.) Cost pressures and the increased number of niche markets compelled the giants to adopt flexible manufacturing techni-ques. These more sophisticated processes allow producers to economically meet customers specifications. Global tire makers also pursue technical improvements in their products as a means of drawing attention in a competitive market (Prat, 1998). According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, tires have indeed become better at re-sisting wear. Consumers can search the Administrations website; start with http://www.safercar.gov/.

29

30

Employment in Ohio's Motor Vehicle IndustryEstimated Total: 111,865--100%

Sources: Harris, PR&SP, & U.S. Census Bureau, 2008

31

Tires: 3,119--2.8%

Cars:12,443--11.1%

Light Trucks:7,312--6.5%

Medium &Heavy-duty Trucks:

2,627--2.3%

Bodies & Trailers:5,752--5.1%

Gasoline Engines,Two Diesel Plants, Two Foundries, &

Engine Parts:10,812--9.7%

Electrical &Electronic Eqpt.,Storage Batteries

9,410--8.4%

Steering &SuspensionParts: 5,391

--4.8%Brake Systems: 3,391--3.0%

Transmission &Power Train Parts:

11,353--10.1%

Seating & InteriorTrim: 6,442--5.8%

Metal Stamping:20,324--18.2%

Other Parts:13,489--12.1%

Motor Vehicle Assembly:22,382--20.0%

Parts: 83,731--74.8%

THE COMPOSITION OF OHIOS MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRY EMPLOYMENT AT THE PLANTS The latest detailed data from the Census Bureau (supplemented by other sources) show that 111,800-plus people work-ed in Ohios motor vehicle industry. The chart above illustrates the distribution of employment within the industry. Over 22,300 or 20.0 percent worked at assembly plants (NAICS 3361). Most of jobs in the assembly group 12,400-plus, 11.1 percent were found in car plants, followed by 7,300 6.5 percent in light trucks, and over 2,600 2.3 percent at establishments assembling buses and medium-to-heavy-duty trucks. Fifty-seven hundred-plus 5.1 percent worked in bodies and trailers (3362). About 83,700 74.8 percent worked in parts industries including tires, storage batteries, and those employed at two foundries and two diesel engine plants (3363, 32621, 335911, 3315 and 333618, respectively).8 The largest industry with-in the parts group was metal stamping 20,300-plus jobs, or 18.2 percent. It was followed by other motor vehicle parts close to 13,500 and 12.1 percent, transmission and power train parts 11,300-plus, 10.1 percent, and engines and en-gine parts 10,800, 9.7 percent. The remaining parts industries each employed less than 10,000, ranging from 2.8 per-cent to 8.4 percent of the industry total. (These detailed data come primarily from the Census Bureaus County Business Patterns series. Less detailed data from the states Labor Market Information division show 19,700 employed at assembly plants (3361) and 56,000 employed in parts (3363 only) in November, 2010.) Light truck plants are the largest in the industry, averaging well over 1,400 employees each, followed by car plants at 1,000-plus. These averages reflect the dichotomy between the high-volume light vehicle plants that employ well over 1,000 and the much smaller, specialized operations not focused on mass market vehicles. The smallest plants in the industry are those making bodies and trailers, carburetors-pistons-rings-valves (336311), and retreading tires (326212); they typically employ less than 100 people. Heavy-duty truck (33612) and all other parts plants typically employ a few hundred. Like assembly plants, though, certain parts plants particularly those producing engines and transmissions for mass markets can employ over 1,000. Comparisons with national figures are also instructive (and based solely on the five NAICS codes defining the industry). Overall motor vehicle industry employment is concentrated in Ohio, with 11.3 percent of the national industrys workers here. By comparison, 3.9 percent of all employees in the nation (excluding those on farms, at railroads, and in govern-ment) worked in Ohio. Specific industries especially concentrated in Ohio include metal stamping 21.6 percent of the national industry total, car assembly 17.2 percent, transmission and power train parts (33635) 15.1 percent, steering and suspension (33633) 14.4 percent, and vehicular lighting equipment (336321) 13.8 percent. On the other hand, employment in motor homes (336213) and travel trailers and campers (336214) is not concentrated here.

32 See Table A5

$38,510

$53,727

$67,304 $67,992

$62,129

$39,719

$50,657

$62,391$59,227 $57,430

$35,188

$60,760

$38,599

$49,538

$39,341

$55,727

90.8%

111.1%

103.2%

98.9%

134.8%

113.3%110.4%

119.0%

127.2%123.7%

93.9%

105.6%

96.7%

105.1%

99.0%

111.5%

0.0%

20.0%

40.0%

60.0%

80.0%

100.0%

120.0%

140.0%

160.0%

$0

$10,000

$20,000

$30,000

$40,000

$50,000

$60,000

$70,000

$80,000

Total (non-farm

private sector)

Motor Vehicle Industry

Total

Asmbly. Plants

Cars & Light

Trucks

Medium & Heavy-Duty

Trucks

Bodies & Trailers

Parts Overall

Parts: Gas

Engns.

Parts: Elec'l & Elec'c Eqpt.

Parts: Steering & Spnsn.

Parts: Brake

Systems

Parts: Trnsmsn. & Power

Train

Parts: Seating &

Interior Trim

Parts: Stamping

Parts: Other

Related Industries

As a

Per

cent

age

of C

orre

spon

ding

U.S

. Ind

ustr

y

Annu

al P

ay

Industry

Pay in Ohio's Motor Vehicle Industries

33

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2008

INDUSTRY WAGES Census Bureau data charted above show that employees in Ohios motor vehicle industry were estimated to have aver-aged $53,700-plus in wages and salaries for the latest year available. This figure is 111.1 percent of the corresponding national average, and $15,200 above the average for all non-agricultural, non-rail private sector employees in Ohio. There is considerable variation within the industry: work at vehicle assembly plants (3361) paid $67,300 per year, while bodies and trailers (3362) paid $39,700, and parts (3363) averaged $50,600-plus. People working in the related tires and batteries cluster average $55,700. These averages more or less surpassed the corresponding national averages. There can be substantial variation between the individual industries within these segments. People working at plants assembling light vehicles averaged almost $68,000, while those assembling medium- and heavy-duty trucks averaged $62,100. Variation in the parts group was even greater. At one end, gasoline engines paid the highest almost $62,400, closely followed by transmissions and power train parts with $60,700-plus. Two other industries averaged in the high-$50,000s: electrical and electronic equipment (33632) and steering and suspension (33633). Except for stamping, which averaged $49,500-plus, the remaining parts industries averaged less than $40,000. One possible explanation for the higher wages in engine, transmission and stamping is that a large portion of employment is at subdivisions of high-volume assemblers, while those in other groups are less likely to work for assemblers. The relatively high pay in the related in-dustries segment is driven by new tire production (326211), which averaged about $60,700.

34

See Table A6

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Ross3

Stark18

Pike1

Wood10

Darke6

Knox4

Licking8

Scioto3

Adams Gallia1

Wayne12

Perry1

Clark19

Huron3

Allen9

Butler12

Lorain21

Seneca8

Logan8

Brown1

Athens

Union1

Trumbull17

Meigs

Ashtabula9

Hardin2

Henry4

Franklin35

Preble3

Noble1

Mercer2

Portage3

Fulton7

Miami7

Erie6

Belmont4

Hancock18

Vinton

Fairfield4

Putnam5

Highland2

Lucas32

Carroll1

Shelby6

Richland15

Monroe1

Clinton3

Greene2

Muskingum

Fayette3

Marion6

Medina14

Warren9

Holmes8

Pickaway1

Guernsey1

Morgan1

Madison5

Washington2

Coshocton

Geauga3

Jackson1

Hocking

Summit30

Ashland1

Morrow4

Lake11

Clermont6

Tuscarawas9

Delaware6

Williams15

Harrison1

Paulding4

Defiance8

Lawrence

Auglaize4

Van Wert6

Cuyahoga64

Wyandot7

Hamilton12

Columbiana6

Jefferson2

Crawford8

Sandusky9

Mahoning9

Champaign1

Ottawa3

Montgomery32

Number of Establishmentsin Ohio's

Motor Vehicle IndustryStatewide: 650

Sources:2008 County Business Patterns,U.S. Census Bureau; Selectory

Business Database, Harris InfoSource

Prepared by:Ohio Department of Development

Policy Research and Strategic PlanningFebruary 2011

R020711A

Establishmentsin County

None

! !

! ! 1 - 4

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! ! ! 5 - 9

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10 - 19

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20 - 64

35

THE DISTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRY ESTABLISHMENTS ACROSS OHIO The motor vehicle industry is widely distributed across Ohio. The latest available data, mapped above, shows that 650 establishments9 were found in 80 counties. However, the majority of establishments could be found in 13 counties: Cuyahoga 64, Franklin 35, Lucas and Montgomery 32 each, Summit 30, Lorain 21, Clark 19, Hancock and Stark 18 each, Trumbull 17, Richland and Williams 15 each, and Medina 14. Five more counties had 10 to 12 plants each: Butler, Hamilton, Lake, Wayne and Wood. Twenty-five counties had from five to nine establishments, and 37 had from one to four. It is interesting to note that the eight counties with the nine high-volume assembly plants Clark, Logan, Lorain, Lucas, Montgomery, Ross, Trumbull, and Union had a total of 133 industry establishments. This is a significant portion of the industry 20.5 percent, but far from the majority.

36

See Table A7

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