Authors:Filonova DaryaParamonov NikitaForm: 11ATeacher: Matushkina Zh. N.

Welcome to our native town. Stroitel is situated in Belgorod region. Our town was founded in 1958. It is a beautiful modern town with the population of more than 30.000 people.

Stroitel is a very green town. Everybody likes to its abundance of trees and flowers in avenues, parks, just in streets near residential blocks of flats.

ActualityActuality

In our town there is a beautiful green park called Marshalkovo. It is unique because we can see a lot of plants in it and many different animals live here. The modern progress gave birth to a very serious problem – the problem of environment. The disappearance of some species of animals and plants from the Earth is the result of the pollution of air, land and water. The protection of natural resources and wildlife is becoming a political programme in every town. We decided to take part in this programme and to tell all people of our region about endangered animals and plants in our park.

The aim of our research:

creating Red book of Marshalkovo.

Tasks:

• to visit Marshalkovo and take some photos of plants,

animals, birds;

• to read special books and find out what animals and

birds are in danger;

• to document the results of our research;

• to attract children’s attention to this problem;

• to print Red Book and give it to our school museum.

Object of research: park Marshalkovo.

UNIT1 PLANTS

Campanula persicifolia

Campanula persicifolia or Peach-leaved Bellflower is a plant species of the genus Campanula. It can be almost one meter high. Its flowers are cup-shaped and can be either lilac-blue or white. Its foliage is narrow and glossy with a bright green appearance. It flowers normally in June; a dry summer may reduce or inhibit its flowering.

Nuphar

The common name is water lily or waterlily. Nuphar differs in having its petals being much smaller than its 4-6 bright yellow-coloured sepals, whereas in Nymphaea, the petals are much larger than the sepals. The fruit maturation also differs, with Nuphar fruit being held above water level to maturity, whereas Nymphaea fruit sink below the water level immediately after the flower closes.

Lily of the ValleyLily of the Valley

Convallaria majalis is commonly known as the lily of the valley or lily-of-the-valley. Convallaria majalis is a herbaceous perennial plant that forms extensive colonies by spreading underground stems called rhizomes.The stems grow to 15–30 cm tall, with one or two leaves 10–25 cm long, flowering stems have two leaves and a raceme of 5–15 flowers on the stem apex. The flowers are white tepals, bell-shaped, 5–10 mm diameter, and sweetly scented; flowering is in late spring.

PulmonariaPulmonaria

The scientific name Pulmonaria is derived from Latin pulmo. In the times of sympathetic magic, the spotted oval leaves of Pulmonaria officinal is were thought to symbolize diseased, ulcerated lungs, and so were used to treat pulmonary infections. The common name in many languages also refers to lungs, as in English "lungwort" and German "Lungenkraut". In some East European languages, the common name is derived from a word for honey, e.g. Russian "medunitza".

Pasque flowerPasque flower

A pasque flower or pasqueflower is valued for their finely-dissected leaves, solitary bell-shaped flowers, and plumed seed heads. The pasqueflower is also commonly known as the prairie crocus, wind flower, Easter Flower, and meadow anemone. Anthers are bright yellow and the bell consists of sepals. The genus Pulsatilla is sometimes considered a subgenus under the genus Anemone. Different varieties of the Pasque flower are the floral emblems of various territories.

Polygonatum odoratum Polygonatum odoratum

Polygonatum odoratum, commonly known as Angular Solomon's-seal or Scented Solomon's-seal, is a plant species of the genus Polygonatum. Polygonatum odoratum is a colonizing herbaceous plant with alternate, simple leaves, on green stems. The flowers are white, born in spring and hang from the underside of the stems.

Primula Primula

Many species are grown for their ornamental flowers. Perennial primulas bloom mostly during the spring; their flowers can be purple, yellow, red, pink, or white. Generally, they prefer filtered sunlight. The word primula is the Latin feminine diminutive of primus, meaning first, applied to flowers that are among the first to open in spring.

Grass Snake Grass Snake

UNIT2 ANIMALS, BIRDS

The Grass Snake is sometimes called the Ringed Snake or Water Snake. It is often found near water. The Grass Snake is typically dark green or brown in colour with a characteristic yellow collar behind the head, which explains the alternative name ringed snake. Females are considerably larger than males, typically reaching a size of 90–110 centimetres when fully grown. Males are approximately 20 centimetres shorter. Weight is about 240 grams.

Vipera berus

Vipera berus, the common European adder or common European viper, is a venomous viper species that is extremely widespread. They are not regarded as highly dangerous. The snake is not aggressive and usually only bites when alarmed or disturbed. They feed on small mammals, birds, spiders, worms and insects. The common adder is ovoviviparous; litters range in size from 3 to 20 with young staying with their mothers for a few days. Adults grow to a length of 60 to 90 centimetres and a mass of 50 grams to about 180 grams.

The Little Owl

The Little Owl is a small owl, 23-27.5 cm in length. It has a large head, long legs, and yellow eyes, and its white “eyebrows” give it a stern expression. This species has a bounding flight like a woodpecker.

The Thrush Nightingale

The Thrush Nightingale is a small passerine bird, they are often called chats. It is plain grey brown above and grey to white below. Its greyer tones, giving a cloudy appearance to the underside, and lack of the Nightingale's obvious red tail side patches are the clearest plumage differences from that species. Sexes are similar.

Golden Oriole

Golden orioles have an extremely large range with large populations that are apparently stable. The male is striking in the typical oriole black and yellow plumage, but the female is a drabber green bird. Orioles are shy, and even the male is remarkably difficult to see in the dappled yellow and green leaves of the canopy. In flight they look somewhat like a thrush, strong and direct with some shallow dips over longer distances.

Long-tailed Tit

The long-tailed tit is social and energetic bird. Long-tailed tits build their nests in bushes, using moss, wool, feathers and spiders webs to create a deep barrel shaped dome with a tiny side entrance. Insects are the preferred source of food and they can catch them in mid air flying stationary like a humming bird or flycatcher, some seeds in autumn and winter are taken when insects are hard to find.

Long-tailed tit is easily recognisable with its distinctive colouring, a tail that is bigger than its body, and undulating flight. A pretty little bird, that has a fluffy round body with an untidy appearance, typically 13-15cm in length, half of which is the very long tail.

Latin name is Circaetus gallicus. Other name is Short Toed Snake. The Short Toed Eagle preys mainly on snakes, but also small reptiles like lizards. It is predominantly light-coloured from below, with a dark, almost owl-like, head. They can be very pale, even on the head, with few, if any, of the characteristic brown dotted lines below.

The Short-toed Eagle

Conclusion:Conclusion: We love our native land. We are children of nature and we

must be very careful in usage of natural resources. Every ten

minutes one kind of animal or plant dies out forever. Millions of

species have already left from our planet; thousand of others

will escape tomorrow. Each a worm and a bird has each place in

an ecological chain.

About 10% of the animal species are in need of special

protection. 15 species are included in our Red Book. The book

provides a central information source in organizing studies and

monitoring programs on rare and endangered species and their

habitats.

Of course, we can’t stay indifferent to these problems. We

decided to create a special organization «Marshalkovo

Planet», which saves plants and animals. We help them to

survive and cause. We must take care of nature, because

we are part of it. We have already had meeting with the

pupils of our school. We told them about environmental

problems and endangered plants and animals. A lot of

pupils join and support our organization. We wrote an

article about it in our local newspaper.

Practical Practical significancesignificance

Resources:• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primula

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasque_flower

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lily_of_the_Valley

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonaria

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuphar

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campanula_persicifolia

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grass_Snake

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vipera_berus

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Owl

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrush_Nightingale

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Oriole

•http://www.birddiary.co.uk/birdinfo.asp?bid=56http://monacoeye.com/birds/index_files/circaetus_gallicus_short_toed_eagle.php

• Красная Книга Яковлевского района