Authenticity Attraction Zoning Authenticity Attraction Zoning Fort Jesus, Mombasa, KenyaFort Jesus, Mombasa, Kenya

Public Use Planning, Module 4Public Use Planning, Module 4World Heritage Sites of Portuguese OriginWorld Heritage Sites of Portuguese Origin

Natural Landscape Zone: Urban on Old Town side of Fort

Natural Landscape Zone on all other sides: Suburban

Natural Landscape Zone on all other sides: Suburban

Zone 1: Façade

Zone 1: Façade

Zone 1: Façade

Zone 1: Façade

Zone 1: Façade

Zone 1: Façade (first impression): Seen from street

AuthenticityDistractions

General Main electric cable running across front wall, bothersome tour guides, some parking in front, kiosk sales, curio shop, metal railing, shiny metal flag post, small graffiti, parking lot signs in dry moat, resting bench, trash can,

Specialized There should be a bridge not a walkway that crosses the moat to enter (drawbridge has been removed), cannon location in front walkway is decorative but incorrect

Authenticity Qualities

General Imposing high walls, dry moat, partially peeling paint, cannons aiming outward, overlook of ocean, impressive trees in dry moat (or is this a specialized distraction?)

Specialized Outer wall across from the moat,

Current Zone (1–5) 3-3.5

Higher Zone Level If (strategies to improve authenticity) Fix distractions, especially redesign curio shop and kiosks to move them back and use a period-appropriate architecture, could be a 4, though it has an awe-inspiring first impression due largely to the size, thickness, and height of walls.

Zone 2: Dry Moat Zone 2: Dry Moat Perimeter S. Felipe to Perimeter S. Felipe to S. MateusS. Mateus

Zone 2 (location): Dry moat outside perimeter from S. Felipe to S. Mateus

AuthenticityDistractions

General Trail where it is landscaped with ornamental plants, metal railing at entrance, buildings looming up beyond exterior wall, other people walking through area

Specialized

Authenticity Qualities

General Moat clearly illustrated, cleared, high exterior wall, visitor is immersed between two great walls on either side which makes main wall appear even higher. On ocean side, during low tide one can walk around and see natural coral rock outcroppings, unaffected by people, natural vegetation

Specialized

Current Zone (1–5) 4

Higher Zone Level If (strategies to improve authenticity)

Zone 3: Fort Courtyard

Zone 3: Fort Courtyard

Zone 3: Fort Courtyard

Zone 3: Fort Courtyard

Zone 3 (location): Fort Courtyard

AuthenticityDistractions

General Museum and curator office clearly are from another age and architectural style, “do not walk on grass” sign, railings and turnstile at entrance, cannons all lined up in wrong location, bathrooms, strong wall lights at night, tram line, tile floor and metal railings in front of Omani house, high level of social encounters especially due to the open space with multiple sight lines, gift shop, food shop

Specialized Removed Portuguese soldier paintings

Authenticity Qualities

General View of surrounding walls, cistern, original plaque of British protectorate

Specialized Drop toilet

Current Zone (1–5) 3

Higher Zone Level If (strategies to improve authenticity) If could outfit the courtyard with objects that would appear authentic to the moment, such as stacked cannon balls, other structures such as a carpentry shop, hide museum façade perhaps with more vegetation, remove cannons to a more realistic location, eliminate turnstile and railings to improve first impression of interior

Zone 4: Interior Zone 4: Interior Passages to SeaPassages to Sea

Zone 4: Zone 4: Interior Passages to SeaInterior Passages to Sea

Zone 4 (location): Interior Passages to Sea (Passage of the Arches; Passages of Steps)

AuthenticityDistractions

General Some trash, passageways blocked off by bars, rather than a gate to allow passage of people and supplies; ammunition store room has a label and artificial lighting

Specialized

Authenticity Qualities

General Visitor generally immersed by original rock construction, mildly dangerous as it has never been softened for visitation, looks completely unrestored, and drops down to ocean level, feeling secluded from bustle or rest of fort

Specialized

Current Zone (1–5) 4

Higher Zone Level If (strategies to improve authenticity) 4.2 If bars were replaced with a real gate that can remain locked but looks like a gate rather than a dead end

Zone 5: Interior Walls and Towers

Zone 5: Interior Walls and Towers

Zone 5 (location): Interior Walls and Towers

AuthenticityDistractions

General Generator on wall in front of fort; modern flag posts

Specialized bars for visitor security that cover cannon watches

Authenticity Qualities

General Generally walls and towers feel like they should from long ago with few distractions, except when looking into Old Town or the Courtyard that remind one of what period they are in. the view into the dry moat can be exceptional in certain parts enhancing the drop from the top of the wall.

Specialized No cannon balls, flags, soldiers or any other items that would have otherwise been found

Current Zone (1–5) 4

Higher Zone Level If (strategies to improve authenticity) Certainly improving the courtyard will improve the internal view from the walls and towers.

Zone 6: Interior Entranceway

Zone 6: Interior Entranceway

Zone 6: Interior Entranceway

Interior Zone 6 (location): Interior entranceway (from ticket booth to emergence point in courtyard)

AuthenticityDistractions

General Ticket booth cage, artificial lighting, Fort Jesus sign, metal railing after ticket booth, security guard is dressed as a modern-day policeman in blue

Specialized

Authenticity Qualities

General Big metal internal cage, high level of immersion, high roof, darkness and coolness as one passes through

Specialized No decorations of the period (if there were any)

Current Zone (1–5) 4

Higher Zone Level If (strategies to improve authenticity) Goal is to use this space as a transitional space between regular Mombasa world and the world of the Portuguese Fort some centuries past. Perhaps put some weapons on wall or a flag of Order of Christ (or Omani flag), make sure that at no point can visitor see both inside the fort and outside in order to complete the transition; keep as dark as possible without becoming dangerous and using torches on the wall, powered by natural gas. Guard should be dressed in period clothing with period-appropriate weapon (or imitation).