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Australian Shale Gas Assessment Project Reza Rezaee Unconventional Gas Research Group, Department of Petroleum Engineering, Curtin University, Australia Shale gas is becoming an important source of natural gas in many countries. According to recent assessments, Australia has around 437 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of technically recoverable shale gas resources. Western Australia (WA) alone is roughly estimated to be holding the fifth largest reserves of shale gas in the world. In line with the government’s effort to make sure that the nation’s growing future energy needs are met, a research group was established in 2010 by an industry consortium to investigate shale gas prospectivity in Western Australia. The focus of the research activities of the Curtin Unconventional Gas Research Consortium has been on the evaluation of potential gas shale formations within the Perth and Canning Basins of Western Australia but the focus has now switched to studies of the other onshore Australian basins. The major objective of the previous consortium was to map sweet spots in the Perth and Canning basins. Geological, geophysical, geochemical and petrophysical parameters are still under evaluation to achieve this target. The main goal of this project is to identify, assess and map potential shale gas formations and to define areas having the greatest gas potential. To achieve this objective it is required to characterize the potential shale formations in terms of geological, geochemical, and petrophysical properties: The objectives of the project Integrated reservoir characterization of shale gas formations: We have made a complete database for more than 500 boreholes in the Perth and Canning basins. This database can be utilized to characterize the major shale intervals for any location in Perth and Canning basins. We are expanding our database to other Australian onshore basins. Petrophysical evaluation of shale gas reservoirs: Porosity and permeability measurements, Capillary pressure analysis, High pressure volumetric analysis (HPVA) to measure adsorbed gas content, Access to different pore structure evaluation techniques including low pressure nitrogen adsorption, mercury intrusion and NMR laboratory for measuring pore size, pore shape and surface area of the shale samples, Compositional analysis of shale samples using XRD, FTIR and SEM/EDS. High pressure adsorption instrument (HPVA) can measure the adsorbed gas capacity of the shale samples. The adsorption isotherm can be used to calculate Langmuir volume and Langmuir pressure which are required to measure gas adsorption potential for shale samples. 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Gas content(scf/ton) Pressure(psi) Adsorbed Gas Total Gas(Sw=50%) Total Gas(Sw=25%) Adsorbed Gas Free Gas This proposal is for an annualrenewable joint venture membership consortium to commence in January 2014 to review shale formations of the onshore Australian basins and provide the results of PhD research projects to sponsors. We will have a flexible structure that will accommodate: • Cofunded R&D programs sponsored by Curtin, government and industry • Industry funded asset specific applied research • Provision of specialised services Program duration and structure Members of this consortium will have access to the UGRG laboratories. As part of their membership, sponsors may provide cores and data from any basin for study and analysis by the research group. Sponsor Support Deliverables There will be two meetings per year where all researchers present the results of their nonconfidential studies to the sponsors. Sponsorspecific confidential studies and tests will not be reviewed and will remain confidential to data owners. A full research report will be provided to all sponsors at the end of each year. Annual sponsorship to join this research consortium is $50,000.

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Page 1: Australian Shale Gas Assessment Project · PDF fileAustralian Shale Gas Assessment Project ... Porosity, Gas saturation, TOC contact, Rock mechanical properties, Pore pressure, Net

Australian Shale Gas Assessment ProjectReza Rezaee 

Unconventional Gas Research Group,  Department of Petroleum Engineering, Curtin University, Australia 

Shale gas  is becoming an  important source of natural gas  in many countries. According to recent assessments, Australia has around 437 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of technically recoverable shale gas resources. Western  Australia  (WA)  alone  is  roughly  estimated  to  be  holding  the  fifth  largest reserves of shale gas in the world.  In  line with the government’s effort to make sure that the nation’s growing future energy needs are met, a research group was established in 2010 by an industry consortium to investigate shale gas  prospectivity  in  Western  Australia.  The  focus  of  the  research  activities  of  the  Curtin Unconventional  Gas  Research  Consortium  has  been  on  the  evaluation  of  potential  gas  shale formations  within  the  Perth  and  Canning  Basins  of Western  Australia  but  the  focus  has  now switched to studies of the other onshore Australian basins.  The major objective of the previous consortium was to map sweet spots in the Perth and Canning basins.  Geological,  geophysical,  geochemical  and  petrophysical  parameters  are  still  under evaluation to achieve this target. 

The main goal of this project is to identify, assess and map potential shale gas formations and to define  areas  having  the  greatest  gas  potential.  To  achieve  this  objective  it  is  required  to characterize  the  potential  shale  formations  in  terms  of  geological,  geochemical,  and petrophysical properties:  

The objectives of the project

Integrated reservoir characterization of shale gas formations:  

We have made a complete database for more than 500 boreholes in the Perth and Canning basins. This database can be utilized to characterize the major shale intervals for any location in Perth and Canning basins. We are expanding our database to other Australian onshore basins.  

Petrophysical evaluation of shale gas reservoirs: 

Porosity and permeability measurements, 

Capillary pressure analysis,  High pressure volumetric analysis (HPVA) 

to measure adsorbed gas content,  Access to different pore structure 

evaluation techniques including low pressure nitrogen adsorption, mercury intrusion and NMR laboratory for measuring pore size, pore shape and surface area of the shale samples, 

Compositional analysis of shale samples using XRD, FTIR and SEM/EDS.

High pressure adsorption instrument (HPVA) can measure the adsorbed gas capacity of the shale samples. The adsorption isotherm can be used to calculate Langmuir volume and Langmuir pressure which are required to measure gas adsorption potential for shale samples. 

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Gas content(scf/ton)

Pressure(psi)

Adsorbed Gas Total Gas(Sw=50%) Total Gas(Sw=25%)

Adsorbed Gas

Free Gas

This proposal is for an annual‐renewable joint venture membership consortium to commence in January 2014 to review shale formations of the onshore Australian basins and provide the results of PhD research projects to sponsors. We will have a flexible structure that will accommodate: • Co‐funded R&D programs sponsored by Curtin, government and industry • Industry funded asset specific applied research • Provision of specialised services 

Program duration and structure 

Members of this consortium will have access to the UGRG laboratories. As part of their membership, sponsors may provide cores and data from any basin for study and analysis by the research group. 

Sponsor Support 

Deliverables  There will be two meetings per 

year where all researchers present the results of their non‐confidential studies to the sponsors.  Sponsor‐specific confidential studies and tests will not be reviewed and will remain confidential to data owners.   A full research report will be provided to all sponsors at the end of each year.  Annual sponsorship to join this research consortium is $50,000. 

Page 2: Australian Shale Gas Assessment Project · PDF fileAustralian Shale Gas Assessment Project ... Porosity, Gas saturation, TOC contact, Rock mechanical properties, Pore pressure, Net

Shale  gas  geochemical  evaluation:  A  well‐established  database  has  been  collected  for geochemical parameters of shales, besides that we can also measure the following organic geochemical parameters which are so important for sweet spot mapping:  Quantity of organic matter in the shale samples by measuring Total Organic Carbon (TOC) content,  Thermal maturity of the shale samples by measuring Tmax,  Type of organic matter by measuring Hydrogen and Oxygen indices.  

  Rock pyrolysis equipment for determining the geochemical parameters of shale samples. Using this instrument we can measure  total organic  carbon,  thermal maturity  and  type of organic matter.  Figures  above  show how  geochemical analysis can be used to evaluate and rank different shale samples. 

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Well log analysis to estimate the following shale parameters:  Porosity, Gas saturation, TOC contact, Rock mechanical properties, Pore pressure, Net thickness 

identification and Volumetric calculations of gas reserves 

  

The objectives of the project, continued

We use well log data to fully evaluate shale gas reservoirs. 

Page 3: Australian Shale Gas Assessment Project · PDF fileAustralian Shale Gas Assessment Project ... Porosity, Gas saturation, TOC contact, Rock mechanical properties, Pore pressure, Net

UGRG facilities available to sponsors Sponsors will benefit from the strengths of Petroleum Engineering Department of Curtin University including:   

•  High pressure volumetric adsorption (HPVA) instrument for measuring adsorbed gas of gas shale samples, •  Rock pyrolysis system for determining geochemical parameters of gas shales, •  Unique true tri‐axial cell for hydraulic fracturing studies, 

Helium porosimeter/permeameter, 

High pressure‐high temperature density measurement tool, 

Ultra Rock Centrifuge for rapid determination of capillary pressure curves, 

Dean‐Stark cleaning and extraction apparatus, 

Porous plate capillary pressure measurement tool, 

Core sample preparation tools including coring and cutting tools, •  Highly motivated young researchers in different aspects of gas shale evaluation which could continue their 

collaboration with sponsored companies. 

     

Automated helium porosimeter/permeameter,      Low pressure nitrogen adsorption instrument. 

Our petrographic analysis will help to characterize shale samples in terms of composition and texture. Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) image of a shale sample showing packs of clays and framboidal pyrite,  Redback#2, Perth Basin. 

We use a wide range of facilities to understand fluid flow mechanism in shale reservoirs. 

Page 4: Australian Shale Gas Assessment Project · PDF fileAustralian Shale Gas Assessment Project ... Porosity, Gas saturation, TOC contact, Rock mechanical properties, Pore pressure, Net

We apply rock physics and seismic forward modelling to predict shale characteristics.  

We generate contour maps that show different characteristics of the shale formations and highlights shale gas sweet spots within each onshore basin. 

UGRG Team  This work will be performed by a team of petrophysicists and geology Masters/PhD students under the supervision of Professor Reza Rezaee. Our  research group  is expanding and currently  there are 9 PhD and  several Masters  students working on the following projects: • Shale gas prospectivity mapping in Perth Basin • Shale Gas potential evaluation of Goldwyer and Laurel Formations, Canning Basin, WA • Petrophysical evaluation of shale gas reservoirs in the Perth and Canning Basins • An investigation on the pore pressure for the potential shale gas intervals in the Perth and Canning Basins • Quantitative  Analysis  of  Seismic  Response  to  TOC  Content  and Maturity  of  Shale Gas  Formations  in  Perth  and 

Canning Basins • Seismic inversion applications and laboratory measurements to identify high TOC shale • Pore network modelling of shale gas to investigate flow mechanisms • Microwave heating effects on formation damage in tight gas sands  • Shale Gas Reservoir Simulation 

For further information please contact: Prof. Reza Rezaee,  Department of Petroleum Engineering,  Curtin University, Western Australia.  Telephone: +61 8 9266 7980  Email: [email protected]