1

Compare & contrastAustralia and India

Members of Commonwealth

of Nations

In Asia Pacific region

2

National animal EmblemAUSTRALIABy popular tradition, the

kangaroo is accepted as the national animal emblem.

INDIA• By popular tradition, the

tiger is accepted as the national animal emblem. Peacock was accepted as bird emblem.

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National floral Emblem

� The Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera), was proclaimed the national floral emblem.

The golden wattle, Acacia pycnantha Benth, was proclaimed the national floral emblem in August 1988.

4

National Anthem

Advance Australia Fair

Australians all let us rejoice,

For we are young and free;

We’ve golden soil and wealth for toil;

Our home is girt by sea;

Our land abounds in nature’s gifts

Of beauty rich and rare;

In history’s page, let every stage

Advance Australia Fair.

In joyful strains then let us sing,

Advance Australia Fair.

Beneath our radiant Southern Cross

Jana Gana ManaO! Dispenser of India's destiny, thou

art the ruler of the minds of all peopleThy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, the Maratha country,in the Dravida country, Utkala and Bengal;It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas,it mingles in the rhapsodies of the pure waters of Yamuna and GangaThey chant only thy name.They seek only thy auspicious blessings.They sing only the glory of thy victory.

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National Anthem

Advance Australia Fair

We’ll toil with hearts and hands;

To make this Commonwealth of

ours

Renowned of all the lands;

For those who’ve come across

the seas

We’ve boundless plains to

share;

With courage let us all combine

To Advance Australia Fair.

In joyful strains then let us sing,

Advance Australia Fair.

Jana Gana Mana

The salvation of all people waits in thy hands,O! Dispenser of India's destiny, thou art the ruler of the minds of all peopleVictory to thee, Victory to thee, Victory to thee,Victory, Victory, Victory, Victory to thee!

6

Coat of arms

The Australian coat of arms was granted by King George V in 1912. It consists of a shield

containing the badges of the six Australian states, symbolising federation, and the national symbols of the golden wattle, the kangaroo and the emu. By popular tradition, the kangaroo is accepted as the national animal emblem. The golden wattle, Acacia pycnantha Benth, was

proclaimed the national floral emblem in August 1988.

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State Emblem of India

An adaptation from the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. In the original, there are four lions, standing back to back, mounted on an abacus with a frieze carrying sculptures in high relief of an elephant, a horse, a bull and a lion separated by intervening wheels over a bell-shaped lotus. Carved out of a block of polished sandstone, the Capital is crowned by the Wheel of the Law (Dharma Chakra) .

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THE NATIONAL FLAG OF AUSTRALIA

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THE NATIONAL FLAG OF INDIA is in tricolour of deep saffron (Kesari) at the top, white in the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportions. The ratio of the width to the

length of the flag is two is to three. In the centre of the white band, there is a wheel in navy blue to indicate the Dharma Chakra, the wheel of law in the Sarnath Lion Capital. Its diameter approximates the width of the white band and it has 24 spokes

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People of Australia & India.

Population (2008 est.): 21 million.Annual population growth rate: 1.6%.Ethnic groups: European 92%, Asian 6%, Aboriginal 2%.Religions (2006): Catholic 26%, Anglican 19%, other Christian 19%, other non-Christian 1%, Buddhist 2.1%, Islam 1.7%, no religion 19% and not stated 12%.

Population: [2001census] about

1,027millions.[Oz is about 2% of

Ind! ]

U.P [16.17%], Maharashtra[9.42%], Bihar [8.07%], Bengal [7.81%], Andhra [7.37%], Tamil nadu [6.05%], M.P [5.88%], Rajasthan [ 5.5% ], Karnat [ 5.14% ], Gujarat [4.93% ], Orissa[3.57%], Kerala [3.10%] and many others

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Languages spoken

� In Australia, English

78.5%, Chinese 2.5%,

Italian 1.6%, Greek 1.3%,

Arabic 1.2%, Vietnamese

1%, other 8.2%,

unspecified 5.7% (2006

Census)

Hindi is official language of Govt. of India and is the mother tongue of large number of people of North India,

India has 20 statutorily recognized languages;

English is widely learnt and serves as a link and a international language .

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About OZ_Ind_2008

� India is an old civilization with variety and heritage.

� India has good agricultural work culture as well as it is now well industrialized.

� Recently it emphasizes trained services and knowledge based economy.

� India has tropical monsoon type climate affected by two seasonal monsoons.

� Australia is a stable,

culturally diverse and

democratic society with a

skilled workforce and a

strong, competitive

economy.

� With a population of more

than 21 million, Australia is

the only nation to govern an

entire continent.

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Human Development in India & Australia_2006

� Australia’s Human

Development Index

(HDI) is the third best

in the world, behind

only Norway and

Ireland (UNDP Human

Development Report

2006).

� India’s Human Development Index (HDI) is the128th in the world, with about 30 % of people lacking modern livelihood facilities.

(UNDP Human Development Report 2006).

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India _ Geography

•Area: About 3.29 Msq- kilometres.

•India is located between 8 -4’ and

37-6’ north Latitude and 68-7’ and

97-25’ Longitude.

•Mainland in Geographical terms,

is (i) Himalaya mountains, (ii) the

river plains, (iii) The desert and

(iv) the peninsula.

•India receives 86 % of the rains

during the South-West monsoon,

and NE monsoon is limited to

southern states.

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Climate: Relatively dry and subject to drought, ranging from temperate in the south to tropical in the far north.

Terrain: Varied, but generally low-lying

Australia: Geography

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Climate and Lifestyle of Australia

� As the 6th largest country in the world, Australia is 50% larger than Europe, but has the lowest population density in the world.

� Approximately 85% of Australians occupying only 1% of the continent and live in the capital cities and along the coast.

� For at least 40,000 years Australia's Aboriginal people have lived in Australia's unique natural environment, believed to be the world's oldest civilizations.

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Area ,Population, Currency, Rivers

AUSTRALIA

Area: About 7.7 Msq kilometres

[nearly twice as large as India]

Population: [2001]

about 19.3 millions

Currency: Australian dollar (AUD)

Rivers: Murray River,( 2520 km), Darling Lake Eyre

INDIAArea: About 3.29 Msq-

kilometres[Nearly half area as Australia]Population: [2001census]

about 1,027millions

Currency: Indian rupees (INR)

Rivers: Ganga, Jamuna and Brahmaputra in North; Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and other small ones in South

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Australia: Importance of Cities

Area: 7.7 million sq. km. (3 million sq. mi.); Cities (2007): Capital--Canberra (pop. 340,000). Other cities--Sydney (4.3 million), Melbourne (3.8 million), Brisbane (1.9 million), Perth (1.6 million), Adelaide (1.2 million), Darwin (117,000), Hobart (207,484).

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Cities in Oz_ 2008

In 2007, Sydney was voted the

world’s best city for the second year in a

row.

� Melbourne was sixth (Anholt City Brands Index

2007).

� Five Australian cities have been ranked in the top

eleven most liveable cities in the world (Economist

Intelligence Unit 2005).

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Health& Work in Oz:

� Health: Infant mortality rate--4.7/1,000.

� Life expectancy--males 78 yrs., females 83

yrs.

� Work force (10.8 million): Agriculture--3.0%;

mining--4.9%; manufacturing--10.3%;

services--75%; public administration and

defense--3.8%.

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Education

� Years compulsory--to age 16 in all states and territories except New South Wales and the Northern Territory where it is 15, and Western Australia where it is 17.

� Literacy--over 99%.

Organization about education in Australia:

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Education in India: Role of Central & State Governments

� The primary responsibility for school education is borne by the state governments.

� Therefore any policy changes must be with the full participation and involvement of the States.

� However, positive changes in systems of schooling will require the active involvement of the Central Government as well as State Governments.

� This is not only in the matter of providing resources but also in promoting organizational and other changes.

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Primary Schools In India

� Schooling has been fragmented into two main classes –

� the primary level and� the secondary level.� The secondary level or

high school level is further divided into

� secondary and� higher secondary level.

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In primary level, grades or standards are from I to V.

� Institutes providing education for these grades are called primary schools. Their number is the largest among the schools and educational institutes in India.

� Still their number is far less than what actually should be. The enrollment in primary schools is also greater than in any other level.

� But dropout rates have placed limits on large number of children of this country to receive the light of the education.

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Need for further Expansion of

functional literacy in India

� National Knowledge Commission (2008) stressed a focus on expanding functional literacy among the population.

� Illiteracy remains a major problem, even among the age-group 15-35 years.

� Therefore literacy programmes must be expanded rather than reduced, and given a different focus that is directed towards improving life skills and meeting felt needs, especially (but not only) among the youth.

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Organization about education in Australia-1

� School education - the Australian Technical Colleges, further investment in school education in Australia, financial assistance for reading tuition and flagpoles for schools.

� Career development - career guidance, employability skills, skills shortages, career education quality, vocational education in schools, and goals for schooling.

� Training and skills - language, literacy and numeracy; training and skills at school; skills shortages; and the Backing Australia's Ability package.

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Organization about education in Australia-2

� Higher education - assuring quality, learning and teaching, rationalising responsibility for higher education.

� Research Current - research quality, national research priorities, commercialisation, the infrastructure of national collaborative research.

� International education - additional promotion and presence in overseas markets, quality assurance in onshore and offshore higher education, scholarships for high achieving students, international centres for excellence, a national centre for language training and the annual registration charge.

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A World Class Country

� Australia, as befits a developed prosperous society, has a well-developed education system with participation rates and secondary school completion rates among the highest in the world.

� Australian governments at all levels are continually reviewing and reforming education and training to address the issues that arise from social and economic change.

� Australian education attracts international attention and Australia is involved in co-operating with the development of educational programmes in a number of overseas countries.

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Establishment of universities

� The first Australian university was the University of Sydney, founded in 1850 in New South Wales.

� Three years later the University of Melbourne was established by the Colony of Victoria.

� By 1912 a university had been founded in each State: the University of Adelaide in South Australia in 1874, the University of Tasmania in 1890, the University of Queensland in 1909 and the University of Western Australia in 1911.

� In 1946, the Commonwealth Parliament established the Australian National University in the nation’s capital, Canberra.

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Global education

� Australia is internationally competitive in providing education and training both in Australia and offshore for students from outside Australia, known as overseas students.

� Australian universities have expanded globally by creating offshore campuses, centres and programs.

� Monash University, for example, has established campuses in Malaysia and South Africa as well as centres in the UK and Italy.

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Global education for

over-seas students

� University courses are reflecting this global focus with programs being designed to cater for international students whether located within Australia or offshore.

� Can the Aussi edu sys transform Indian young things into benign & benevolent global citizens made & certified from Down Under ; curry bashing may be a minor tool in the process to be used sparingly and only on those who will learn from it? Play the Guru!

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Nobel Prize for LiteratureAustralia India

� Patrick White (1912–90): In 1973, Patrick White became the first Australian to be awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. He published 12 novels, two short-story collections, eight plays, and works of non-fiction. Widely regarded as one of the major English language novelists of the 20th century, he had a love–hate relationship with his home country.

� Rabindranath Tagore(1861-1941) The Nobel Prize in Literature 1913. He was educated at home and England. In his mature years, he had many-sided literary activities, he managed the family estates, a project which brought increased interest in social reforms. He also started an experimental school at Shantiniketan where he tried his Upanishadic ideals of education.

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Nobel Prize for Literature

� White dealt with the established themes of Australian literature and was inspired by Australians’relationship with the land. He drew deeply from, and illuminated, what he described as the average, boring, ordinary and ugly. His major works include The Aunt’s Story (1948), The Tree of Man (1955) and Voss (1957).

� Tagore wrote in all literary genres, but he was first of all a poet. He wrote fifty volumes of poetry: Sonar Tari (1894) [The Golden Boat], Gitanjali(1910) [Song Offerings], Gitimalya (1914) [Wreath of Songs], and Balaka (1916) [The Flight of Cranes]. Tagore wrote many plays; he was the author of several volumes of short stories and a number of novels, among them Gora(1910), Ghare-Baire (1916) [The Home and the World], and Yogayog (1929) [Crosscurrents].

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Organization for Economic Co-operationand

Development (OECD)

� Australia is one of the few countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) where general government net debt has been eliminated.

� According to the OECD’s 2006 economic summary of Australia, living standards have steadily improved since the start of the 1990s and now surpass those of all the industrialized nations that form the Group of Eight except the United States.

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Australian exports

� Australian exports, which in 2007 totaled

$218 billion, are a mix of

� minerals and

� energy,

� manufacturing,

� rural products and services.

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"The dynamism shown by India in the last 15 years is phenomenal.”Paul Wolfowitz, President World Bank

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Australia-India Complementarities

� We are the two biggest democracies in the region, with a free press, well established institutions of government and administration, and an independent judicialsystem.

� We share English as the main language of commerce and industry.

� It is well known that we share a common colonial heritage.

� Hence many inherited institutions and arenas of interaction include:

� the English language,� parliamentary

democracy and � friendly competition

on the cricket and hockey fields.

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INDIA-AUSTRALIA ECONOMIC RELATIONS

� Australian coking coal, worth US$1.2 billion, is used in more than 50 per cent of steel produced in India;

� Indian companies have purchased two copper mines and three coal mines in Australia. Indo-Australian Coal and Mining Forum with their Indian counterparts to put in place mechanisms to further deepen commercial and technical linkages.

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LNG, a resource for India

• LNG, a relatively new commodity for India, has the potential to be another resources lynchpin in our longer-term commercial relations. Australian LNG has been provided to India through spot sales.

• In August 2009, Australia has secured its first long-term liquefied natural gas supply deal with India, with India's Petronet LNG signing a 20-year agreement to take gas from the massive Gorgon project. Gorgon joint venture partner Exxon Mobil Corp and Petronet, India's largest LNG importer, signed the deal in Perth

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Australia to play the India card now

� Australia has much in common with India; besides

China and Japan. The idea of a shared Australia-

China and Australia - Japan economic enterprise

has come first in Aussi consciousness. India seems

more distant, less familiar and less dynamic, though

the cultural bonds are similar. Now, global

environment requires a synergy in South Asia.

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Australia-India Council (AIC)

� The Australia-India Council's purpose is to

broaden the relationship between Australia

and India by encouraging and supporting

contacts and increasing levels of knowledge

and understanding between the peoples and

institutions of the two countries.

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High Commission

� AustralianHigh Commission address:

� 1/50 G Shantipath,

� Chanakyapuri –� Telephone: 4139 9900

- Fax: 4149 4490

� Indian High Commission address: The High Commission of India3/5 Moonah PlaceYarralumla,ACT - 2600

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Australian Studies Fellowships for Indian University Teaching Staff and Postgraduates

� The Australian Studies Fellowships are a major component of the Australian Studies program of the Australia-India Council. The primary purpose of the Fellowships is to more fully acquaint Indian scholars with Australian Studies centers and programs in Australia.

� The Fellowships are managed by a consortium of Universities, led by Monash University and consisting of the Australian National University, the University of New South Wales, the University of South Australia and the University of Queensland.

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Australian Renewable Energy Website

This site is published by the Australian

Greenhouse Office to promote the use of

renewable energy and develop the Australian

Renewable Energy Industry

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Understanding Australia

� The Understanding Australia website offers

international students, visitors and

backpackers information about the continent

and its people. (English)

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Australia-India Focus

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