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Structural Titanium Biomedical Alloys
For Aerospace Applications
D.J. Bryan, E.D. Keys, J.V. Mantione, H.L. Freese
Titanium 2010
October 3-6, 2010 – Orlando, FL
© 2010 ATI. All Rights Reserved.
ATIAerospace
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2© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Overview
• Introduction
• Structural Applications
• Annealed Properties
• Aged Properties
• Summary
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3© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Introduction
Biomedical Titanium Alloys
ATI 6-7TM
TiOsteum®
Stryker TMZF®
ATI 15MoTM
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4© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Introduction
• Traditional Biomedical Ti Alloys
– Aerospace alloys adapted for Biomedical applications
– Alpha-beta alloys (high strength, good ductility)
• ATI 6-4TM, ATI 6-4ELITM, ATI CP-2TM, ATI 3-2.5TM
– Aerospace beta alloys (high strength, good high cycle fatigue)
• ATI 38-644TM, ATI 10-2-3TM
• Targeted Biomedical Structural Ti Alloys
– Developed for biocompatibility and osseointegratability
• Low toxicity, elastic modulus, and bone ―in-growth‖
• Increased corrosion & wear resistance
• ATI 6-7TM, TiOsteum®, Stryker TMZF®, ATI 15MoTM
TiOsteum is a registered trademark of ATI Properties, Inc.
TMZF is a registered trademark of Stryker Orthopaedics
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5© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
– Ti 6Al-7Nb Alloy developed as a Ti 6Al-4V replacement with better biocompatibility
– Ti 12Mo – 6Zr – 2Fe Alloy
– Low modulus of elasticity, high strength
– Improved fatigue, ductility
– Low modulus of elasticity
– Ti 35Nb – 7Zr – 5Ta Alloy
– Superior corrosion resistance
– Lowest modulus of elasticity
Structural Biomedical Titanium Alloys
ATI 6-7TM
TiOsteum®
Stryker TMZF®
ATI 15MoTM
Po
lari
zati
on
Resis
tan
ce (
R/Ω
-cm
)
Steinemann, et.al., ―Beta Titanium Alloy for Surgical Implants,‖
7th World Conference on Titanium, 1992.
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6© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Elastic Modulus (Msi)
Sp
ecif
ic Y
S i
n A
nn
eale
d C
on
dit
ion
(lb
f*in
/lb
) ATI 38-644TM
Ti-6246
Ti-6242
Ti-64TMZF®
ATI 15MoTMTiOsteum® CP4
Ti-6-7
Elastic Modulus and Specific Strength
> 0.1800.170-0.180
< 0.170
Density (lb/in3)
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7© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Structural Applications
Biomedical Titanium Alloys
ATI 6-7TM
TiOsteum®
Stryker TMZF®
ATI 15MoTM
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8© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Medical and Surgical Structural Devices
• Titanium Mill Products
– Long products: billet, bar, rod, wire
– Flat products: sheet, strip, plate
– Machining stock (heat treated)
– Forging stock
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• Titanium Product Applications
– Fracture fixation
– Orthopedic implants
– Spinal implants
– Screws, fasteners
Medical and Surgical Structural Devices
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10© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Annealed Properties
Biomedical Titanium Alloys
ATI 6-7TM
TiOsteum®
Stryker TMZF®
ATI 15MoTM
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Tensile Yield Strength & Elongation
(Annealed Condition)
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Elongation (%)
Yie
ld S
tren
gth
(ksi)
TiOsteum®
ATI 15MoTM
CP4
TMZF®
ATI 6-4
ATI 6-7
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Stryker TMZF®
ATI 6-4 ATI CP4 ATI 6-7 ATI 15Mo (aged)
ATI 15Mo (a+b process)
Smooth
Notched (kT=1.6)
TM TM TM TM TM
Disegi, J., ―AO/ASIF Titanium 6%Al – 7%Nb Implant Material,‖ AO/ASIF Technical Publication, Synthes, 1993.
B. Marquardt, R, Shetty, ―Beta Titanium Alloys Processed for High Strength Orthopedic Applications,‖ Journal of ASTM Int., Oct-05, Vol. 2 No.9
―TMZF – A Beta titanium Alloy for Orthopaedic Implants,‖ Stryker, 2003.
Rotating Beam Fatigue Strength
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13© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Aged Properties
Biomedical Titanium Alloys
TiOsteum®
Stryker TMZF®
ATI 15MoTM
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0
5
10
15
20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Al Equivalent
Mo
Eq
uiv
ale
nt
ATI
38-644TM
Ti-
10-2-3
Ti-17
Ti-6246
Ti-6242Ti-64
ATI 425®
Ti-5553
TMZF®
ATI 15MoTM
TiOsteum®
> 180
170-180
160-170
<160
UTS (ksi)
Ultimate Tensile Strength & Alloy Content
(High Strength Condition)
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850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Elongation (%)
Sp
ecif
ic Y
S i
n H
igh
Str
en
gth
Co
nd
itio
n
(lb
f*in
/lb
) ATI
38-644TM
Ti-64
ATI
15MoTM
Ti-17TMZF®
Ti-
10-2-3
TiOsteum®
Ti-5553
> 0.1800.170-0.180< 0.170
Density (lb/in3)
Specific Yield Strength & Elongation
(High Strength Condition)
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16© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Summary
Biomedical Titanium Alloys
ATI 6-7TM
TiOsteum®
Stryker TMZF®
ATI-15MoTM
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17© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
Aerospace Structural Components
Biomedical Titanium Alloy Opportunities
• Fuselage frames & spars
• Wing & body fairings
• Window & door frames
• Nacelle & inlet skins
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18© ATI 2010. All Rights Reserved.
ATI 6-7TM TiOsteum® Stryker TMZF® ATI-15MoTM
Summary• Structural Biomedical Titanium Alloys, originally developed for
biocompatibility (low toxicity, elastic modulus & bone ―in-
growth‖) can offer unique advantages for Aerospace structural
applications.
– Low modulus
– High ductility / formability
– Heat treatable to high strength
– Good corrosion & wear resistance
– Improved high cycle notch fatigue
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© 2010 ATI. All Rights Reserved.
Thank You
Questions?
© 2010 ATI. All Rights Reserved.
Titanium 2010: October 3-6, 2010 — Orlando, FL