ati8 - business process & information systemslecturer.ukdw.ac.id/anton/download/ati8.pdf ·...
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Business Process & Information
Systems
ATI
Antonius Rachmat C
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Business Process
• Organization creates & deliver value in the
form of a product or service, which they offer
to customers or organizations
– Tangible: product physics– Tangible: product physics
– Intangible : service, such as education, health,
information, financial services
• Business Process: sequence of activities that
produce some output / outcome
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Notify Traveler
Receive Ticket Order
Reserve Seats
Plan Trip
Check Flights
Seats
Available
Use Use
Credit
Card?Seats
Available?
Frequent
Flyer Mileage
Sufficient?
NO
YES
NO
NO
Traveler Airline Web Site
NO
Charge Credit Card
Confirm Flight(s)
Issue e-Ticket
Submit Ticket Order
Receive e-Ticket
Card?Card?
Charge
OK?
Available?
Notify Traveler
Sufficient?
Subtract Mileage
YES
NO
YES
YESYES
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Fu
nctio
na
l org
an
izatio
na
l
ing
use
counting
ources
ons
rketing
chnology
velopment
Purchasi
Warehou
Finance & Acc
Human Reso
Operatio
Sales & Mar
Information Tec
Research & Dev
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Functions vs. processes
Procurement: pembelianFulfillment / Sales: penjualan
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Job description
• Purchasing– Identity vendor
– Select vendor
– Create and send purchase orders to vendor
– Evaluate vendor performance– Evaluate vendor performance
• Warehouse– Receive goods from supplier
– Quality inspection
– Prepare goods to be returned to supplier
– Shipment
– Receive goods returned from customer
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Job description
• Supply chain– Manage distribution strategy
– Inventory management
• Marketing n Sales:– Identify customer– Identify customer
– Manage relationship with customer
– Promote product / serivces
– Receive customer order
• R & D– Conduct research
– Develop product and process
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Job description
• Financial
– Manage cash flow
– Process incoming/outcoming payments
– Prepare financial statements– Prepare financial statements
• Human Resources
– Recruit, train, hire, evaluate employee
– Appraise employee
– Manage compensation
– Manage code of conduct
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Three fundamental processes
• Procurement -> require basic material to
produce goods / services
• Production -> manufacturing / generating
goods / servicesgoods / services
• Fulfillment / Sales -> delivers the goods /
services to it’s customer / resellers
• Basic Steps:
Input Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Output
Process Steps
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Framework: Key process flows
Information Flow
EnterpriseInformation
System
Data & Document Flow
Physical Flow
System
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Financial impact
• Key financial statements:
– Balance sheet = Neraca Saldo
• Harta, utang, dan modal
– Profit & Lost = Rugi Laba– Profit & Lost = Rugi Laba
• Pendapatan dan biaya
– Statement of cash flows = Alur Kas
• Harta lancar (kas)
• Ingat akuntansi:
– Harta, utang, modal, pendapatan, biaya!
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Yesterday: Paper-based process
Accounting
ReceivePayment
SendInvoice
Warehouse
SendShipment
PrepareShipment
Sales
Receive Customer
Create/Update
Paperwork
PaymentInvoice
Create/Update
Paperwork
ShipmentShipment
Create/Update
Paperwork
Customer Order
Send Paperwork Send Paperwork
Delay! Delay! Delay! Delay! Delay!
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Procurement Process
OutlineAgreement
Demand
PurchaseRequisition
VendorSchedulingAgreement
Purchase OrderGoods Receipt
& Inventory Mgmt.
Payment /AccountsPayable
InvoiceVerification
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Document flow on Procurement
• Purchase Requisition (permintaan pembelian)
• Purchase Order (perintah pembelian)
• Packing List
• Goods Receipt Document (surat penerimaan
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• Goods Receipt Document (surat penerimaan
barang)
• Vendor Invoice
• Vendor Payment
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Skenario
• Pembeli: SuperSkateboard (Customer)
• Penjual: BlackWidow Skateboard (Supplier)
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Purchase Requisition
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Purchase Order
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Packing List
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A Goods Receipt Document
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A Vendor Invoice
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Sales Order / Fulfillment
— Trading Goods
Customer Order Picking PackingCustomer Order Picking
Goods Issue & ShipmentBillingReceive payment /Accounts Receivable
Packing
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Sales Order Finished Goods (1)
Availability
Customer Order
CheckGoods Issue
BillingPartial PaymentFinal Payment
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Sales Order Finished Goods (2)
Customer Order
Availability Check- Insufficient -
IndependentCustomer Order
IndependentDemand
MRP Run
ProductionScheduling
Purchasing
DependentDemand
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Process Flow (3)
Goods Issueto Shop Floor
GoodsReceiptProduction
Goods IssueBillingAccounts Receivable
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Document flow in Sales Order
• Customer inquiry -> information request about availability and prices of product
• Quotation (penawaran dari vendor)
• Customer purchase order (pesanan dari customer)
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customer)
• Sales order (perintah penjualan)
• Picking document (pemilihan)
• Packing list
• Customer Invoice (tagihan)
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Customer Inquiry
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Quotation
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Customer Purchase Order
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Sales Order
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Picking Document
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Packing List
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Customer Invoice
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Financial Impact of the Fulfillment Process
Financial (Accounting) changed!
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Production Process
Schedule/Release
Goods Issue Shop Floor
Goods ReceiptOrder Settlement
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Bill of Material (BOM)
• Identifies components needed to make one unit
of finished product
– Result of the product design process which leads to an
engineering drawing
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engineering drawing
• Multiple levels of BOM
– A component may have its own components
– Example: components of the standard truck assembly
• Which components could be manufactured from
raw material?
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Engineering Drawing of the Standard
Skateboard
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Bill of Material
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SSB Plant Layout
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Planned Order
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Production Order – Completed State
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Material Withdrawal Slip
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Goods Receipt Document
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Integrated Process
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• E-Business and E-Commerce