atc311 training rca

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RED OUTPUT

194V

TP50

TOE8

RED BIAS<21-B>

E5003

E5007TOE7

GRN BIAS

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ATC311 TechnicalTraining Manual

SAFETY INFORMATION CAUTIONSafety information is contained in the appropriate Thomson Service Data. All productsafety requirements must be complied with prior to returning the instrument to theconsumer. Servicers who defeat safety features or fail to perform safety checks maybe liable for any resulting damages and may expose themselves and others topossible injury.

All integrated circuits, all surface mounted devices, andmany other semiconductors are electrostatically sensitiveand therefore require special handling techniques.

First Edition - First PrintingCopyright 2003 ThomsonTrademark(s)® Registered Marca(s) Registrada(s)Printed in U.S.A.

Prepared byThomsonTechnical Training Department,INH905PO Box 1976Indianapolis, Indiana 46206 U.S.A.

FOREWORDThe ATC311 training course is an objective based training course designed toprovide the service technician with information key to the servicing of the chassis.This training course is to be used in conjunction with the service data and additionalinformation found in the ESI Service Data. Upon completion of this training coursethe service technician will:

· Have a basic understanding of features and menu’s

· Be able to place the chassis and CBA’s into a service position

· Gain a block diagram understanding of major systems and their function

· Learn Chipper Check and service menu operations

· Identify key circuits and use troubleshooting procedures to service thosecircuits

· Isolate a dead set condition to a defective circuit or component area.

Contents

FOREWORD ........................................................................................................ 4SAFETY INFORMATION CAUTION .................................................................... 4Introduction ........................................................................................................ 6Overview ............................................................................................................. 8

AC In CBA ................................................................................................ 8Deflection CBA......................................................................................... 8Audio CBA................................................................................................ 9A/V In CBA................................................................................................ 9Convergence CBA ................................................................................... 9DM2 Module ............................................................................................. 9CRT CBA .................................................................................................. 9

Digital Video Interface (DVI)............................................................................. 10Ethernet ............................................................................................................. 11Service Menu and Chipper Check ................................................................... 12

Service Alignment ................................................................................. 12IP Configuration ..................................................................................... 12Chipper Check Connection ................................................................... 13

Standby Power Supply Overview .................................................................... 14Main (Run) Power Supply Overview ............................................................... 16System Control ................................................................................................. 19Back End Processor (BEP) .............................................................................. 21Deflection .......................................................................................................... 23Horizontal Out ................................................................................................... 24Vertical Out ....................................................................................................... 25Digital Convergence Overview ........................................................................ 26Digital Convergence Generator & Power Amp Module ................................. 27

Horizontal and Vertical Convergence Power Amplifiers ............................... 28Convergence Power Amplifier Shutdown ...................................................... 30Grid Kick/Scan Loss Video Mute..................................................................... 32XRP Shutdown Overview ................................................................................. 34

Appendix A (Troubleshooting Section)Dead Set Troubleshooting .................................................................... 36Standby Power Supply Troubleshooting ............................................. 37Run Power Supply Troubleshooting .................................................... 38System Control Troubleshooting ......................................................... 39Horizontal Out Troubleshooting ........................................................... 40Vertical Out Troubleshooting ................................................................ 40Key Waveforms ...................................................................................... 42XRP Shutdown Troubleshooting .......................................................... 46Back End Processor Troubleshooting Tips ......................................... 46Convergence Generator Troubleshooting ........................................... 47Convergence Power Amplifier Troubleshooting ................................. 47Convergence Power Amplifier Shutdown Troubleshooting ............... 48No Video Troubleshooting .................................................................... 48Chipper Check Connection Troubleshooting ...................................... 49

Appendix B (Networking GlossaryNETWORKING GLOSSARY ................................................................... 50

Appendix C (Internet Browser Q & A)INTERNET BROWSER Q & A ................................................................ 66

Glossary of Terms ............................................................................................ 79

Contents

The ATC311 chassis is used in the16X9 HDTV rear projection setdeveloped by Thomson. The ATC311chassis adds many features to the HDTVproduct line. The main features are:

· DVI (Digital Video Interfaceinput)

· 2 Y Pr Pb inputs or CV w/Audio

· 2 S-Video inputs or CV w/Audio

· Center Speaker input

· Record Output A/V (includesHDTV converted to composite)*

· Digital Audio Out *

· 2 DTV Link inputs (IEEE1394) *

· Ethernet RJ-45 (IEEE802.3)communication *

· ATSC / NTSC Tuner *

· Web Browser *

· PIP Tuner (NTSC only) *

* = Internal of DM2 Module

The connections menu has antennainfo, channel search, software upgrade,signal source, signal type, auto tuning,special features, and Ethernet setup.Under special features is setup forcommercial applications. EthernetSetup allows the user to change theEthernet settings required tocommunicate with an ISP (InternetService Provider).

The Web Browser feature requires akeyboard (optional) to surf the Internet.The remote has limited browserfunctions and the Web Browser featurewill only function if a valid Ethernetconnection is established. WatchingTV while surfing the Web is also possible

by pushing the format key while in theweb browser.

Features in the Preference menu are:Closed Captioning, Screen Format,Record Output, Color Scheme,Translucency, Menu Language, andDigital Channel Info. The screen formatallows the user to select how a 4:3NTSC signal will be displayed on the16:9 screen. Record output allows theuser to select how a 16:9 image will berecorded. A 16:9 signal can be recordedin one of two ways: Cropped Recording(Center Cut) and Anamorphic ModeRecording. Cropped Recording recordsthe center of a 16:9 signal and theAnamorphic Mode Recordingcompresses the 16:9 signal into a 4:3area.

Horizontal drive for the ATC311 is 2-2.14H with vertical locked at 60Hz.Digital convergence is contained on asingle CBA with the amplifiers and powersupply. The chassis is laid out in amodular fashion with most CBA’smounted to the lower cabinet assembly.The main sections are:

· Main Chassis and BackEnd Processor (BEP)

· AC In Standby powersupply

· Audio

· A/V In

· DM2 System control

· Convergence

· Subwoofer Amp

Introduction

The main chassis CBA is married to theback end processor (BEP) andreplacement of either requires both tobe replaced. The AC In supplies powerto the main chassis, audio, A/V in,subwoofer amp, and the DM2. Themain chassis supplies power to theconvergence CBA.

From a service stand point the ATC311is fully serviceable to component leveland access to the CBA’s is a snap.Although there are many screws toremove to gain access to the CBA’s,once in the service position most CBA’sare accessible with test points visible.

PTV “Kit”

Chassis Service Position

The service position also provides a“PTV Kit” like ability for transporting theATC311 chassis.

Once the top is removed, the chassistray may be placed in the serviceposition. Each CBA can be placed intoa service position of it’s own to gainaccess to both sides of the CBA. Theonly exception to this is the DM2module. Only the cable connectors ofthe DM2 module can be accessed oncein the service position. See servicedata for details on service position oneach CBA.

The ATC311 chassis is modular withseparate circuit board assemblies (CBA)for various circuits.

The major CBA’s are:

• AC IN

• Deflection

• Audio

• A/V In

• Convergence

• DM2

• Back End Processor(BEP)

• CRT CBA’s (Red, Green,and Blue)

The cabinet is also a modular designwith the “Box” (screen, frame, and mirror)able to be separated from the lowercabinet assembly that houses the PTVkit. This allows easy access to thechassis for servicing. See servicepositions for more information.

AC In CBA

The AC in CBA provides the standbypower supplies +33V, -5V, +12V, +5V,and audio +/- 21V. Raw B+ is alsoprovided to the subwoofer amp and themain chassis from the AC in CBA.

Overview

DM2 FPA

DeflectionCBA

Sub Woofer PS/AMPCBA

ConvergenceProcessing

AMPCBA

A/V InCBA

AudioCBA

BEP

AC InCBA

Run Supply

Ant AAnt B

Ethernet

DTV Link

RecordOut

Speaker Out

RCBA

GCBA

BCBA

Raw B+

Raw B+

1HYPrPbNTSC

2-2.14H Y2-2.14H Pr2-2.14H Pb

2H Y2H Pr2H Pb

StandBy Power supply

+33Vs-5Vs

+12Vs+12Vr+5Vs+6Vs

+21V_AudAudio GND

-21V_Aud

Reg B++45Vr+15Vr+12Vr+28Vr+24Vr

Horiz Out

Vert Out

Data

Clk

DVI

YPrPb or CV (2)S-Vid or CV (2)

L/R Audio In (5)Switching

Audio Out

L/R Audio

ClkData

ClkData

R SpkerL Spker

SYS Con

Main Tuner

PIP TunerSp

liter

VideoProcessorConverter

H/V Sync

To Conv.Yokes

Conv.Power

DefProcessor

ClkData

Aud

3

System Block

Deflection CBAThe deflection CBA or main chassiscontains the run supply, back endprocessor (BEP), horizontal and verticalcircuits. The BEP and deflection CBAare aligned together and therefore aremarried and can only be replacedtogether. The BEP is a module like theDM2 but the deflection CBA iscomponent level serviceable.

Audio CBAThe audio CBA contains audioprocessing, final amp and speakeroutput. The left and right audio signalsfrom the AV CBA are processed androuted to the internal or externalspeakers by the Audio CBA. Power forthe Audio CBA is + / - 21Vdc from thestandby power supply CBA.

A/V In CBAAudio and Video switching is done onthe A/V In CBA. Further videoprocessing (comb filtering and PIP) isalso done on the A/V In CBA. The DVIinput, switching, and processing is partof the A/V In CBA. Outputs are 2-2.14HYPrPb, 1H YPrPb, Composite video,and audio. All NTSC signals areprocessed and switched to the DM2 forup-conversion. The 2-2.14H YPrPbsignals are switched and sent to theBEP for processing.

Convergence CBAThe convergence CBA housesconvergence processing and theconvergence amplifiers. Horizontal andvertical sync signals and power comefrom the deflection CBA. Alignmentpattern and data are on the convergenceCBA for auto-convergence and serviceadjustments.

DM2 ModuleWhat goes on in the DM2 is digitalprocessing of NTSC signals and AC3audio processing. Main and PIP tuners,DTV links, and Ethernet processing isalso contained in the DM2. The NTSCsignals are digitally converted and upconverted to 2H. Further processingtakes the digital up-converted NTSCsignal and passes it through a D/Aconverter to an YPrPb output at 2H.The YPrPb 2H signal is sent to the BEPfor further processing. System controlprocessing, user input, and Ethernetcommunication is also done by the DM2.Clock and data from the DM2communicates with the deflection, A/Vin, Audio, and convergence CBA’s. Thismakes the DM2 the heart and brains ofthe ATC311.

CRT CBA

As with all projections there are threeCRT drive CBA’s, one for each color.Each CBA has a single Integrated Circuitthat is used for the kine drivers. Acurrent reference for AKB is DC coupledfrom each IC driver back to the back endprocessor. Grid Kick and Scan Lossprovide protection from shutdown/startup burns.

The ATC311 includes a Digital VisualInterface (DVI) input. The advantagesof a DVI connection include a completelydigital link between the source anddisplay device, copy protection, andone cable connection to the television.The digital connection enhances pictureperformance by reducing the number ofDigital to Analog conversion inside thetelevision. DVI copy protection doesnot compress the digital signal, so itdoes not reduce picture performancewhile still providing formidable securityfor the software providers. Finally, theDVI connector accommodates all thenecessary connections to pass digitalsignals to the television in a single cable.This simplifies the connections to thetelevision.

DVI was developed by the computerindustry to serve as a digital connectionbetween the computer and the monitor.This is different than current connectionschemes that convert digital signals toanalog signals before sending them tothe monitor. At the monitor, the signalsare converted back to digital again forprocessing. Once processed, the signalis either converted back to analog fordisplay on CRT monitors or remainsdigital to drive LCD or plasma displays.With DVI devices, the signals that arepassed between source and monitorare digital and eliminates many of theconversions.

While DVI was developed for computersignals, it also includes provisions forConsumer Electronic devices (such astelevisions, DVD’s, and Digital MediaManagers). It is capable of bandwidthsas high as 160 MHz, so it can easily

transport all ATSC high definitionsignals. The DVI input of the ATC311supports only the 480p and 1080i scanrates. The chassis will not displaycomputer scan rates.

Copy protection is accomplished by aHigh-bandwidth Digital ContentProtection system called HDCP. TheHDCP system encrypts withoutcompressing, so all picture informationis sent to the monitor. This system usesboth source and receiver keying toscramble and then unscramble the DVIsignal. The keys are stored in theinternal ROM’s of the source and receiveDVI interface IC’s. This simplifies theDVI copy protection system, becauseno external memory is required for it tooperate.

The DVI connector has provisions forboth digital and analog signals. Itincludes 24 pins for digital signals and 5pins for analog signals. The digital pinsare placed in two rows of 12 on the leftside of the connector. The analog pinsform a cross pattern on the right side ofthe connector. The ATC311 uses fourdigital pins of the DVI connector: one foreach Red, Green, and Blue signals andone for a clock signal.

The DVI connector is located on theJack panel. It is labeled “DVI-HDTV”.The connector is not used for audio, soa left and right audio jack is provided.On the ATC311 jack panel, these jacksare positioned next to the DVI connector.To display a DVI signal on the ATC311,the user must select Input 5.

Digital Video Interface (DVI)

The ATC311 uses an Ethernetconnection to connect to a networkcomputer or cable modem to accessthe Internet and uses the IEEE802.3Ethernet standard. The Ethernet is themost popular and most widely deployednetwork technology in the world.Ethernet can be described ascommunication over a single cableshared by all devices on a network.Once a device is attached to this cable,it has the ability to communicate withany other attached device. This allowsthe network to expand to accommodatenew devices without requiring anymodification to those devices alreadyon the network. All devices connectedto the network have to have the sameprotocol in order to communicate.

In networking, the term protocol refersto a set of rules that governcommunications. Protocols are tocomputers what language is to us. Fortwo devices on a network to successfullycommunicate, they must bothunderstand the same protocols.

CSMA/CD:

The acronym CSMA/CD signifiescarrier-sense multiple access withcollision detection and describes howthe Ethernet protocol regulatescommunication among stations.Stations are devices connected to theEthernet.

DHCP:

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol(DHCP) allows a computer to join an IP-based network without the need for it tohave a pre-configured IP address.DHCP is a protocol that assigns uniqueIP addresses to devices, and it releasesand renews these addresses as devicesleave and re-join the network. ManyInternet Service Providers (ISPs) useDHCP to allow customers to join theInternet with minimum effort.

DHCP systems require a server set upwith the appropriate configurationparameters for the given network. Theseparameters include the range ofavailable IP addresses, the correctsubnet masks, gateway and nameserver addresses. Devices runningDHCP client software can thenautomatically retrieve these settings asneeded. Using DHCP on a networkmeans that system administrators donot need to configure these parametersindividually for each device joining thenetwork.

MAC Address:

Media Access Control address is ahardware address that uniquelyidentifies each station of a network.Each ATC311 has a different MACaddress that interfaces directly with thenetwork media.

Ethernet

The ATC311 service menu has a newlook and feel along with a new hookupfor Chipper Check. To access the firstsection of the service menu one mustpress both Menu/OK and channel downat the same time. A three-section menustructure will be displayed with thecorrect key press. Two of the menuitems are for information and the otheris to access the service alignment menu.These menu items are labeled:

1. Information

2. Service Alignment

3. IP Configuration

InformationMenu item one (Information) providesthe service technician with versioninformation for various devices. Thisinformation can be used for checkingvarious devices for possible upgrades.

Service Menu and Chipper Check

Service AlignmentMenu item two (Service Alignment)allows the service technician to accessthe 26 service alignment modes. Togain access to the common P:00V:00, the service technician mustvolume up to 76 and then press channelup to access the alignments. The firstthree parameters show “See SecurityCode 50 for Error Codes”, that’s becausethe error codes were placed under adifferent password (50). By channelingup through the three error codeparameters, the first alignmentparameter (P: 4) is accessed. Thealignment parameters are from P: 4 toP: 26, with P: 25 reserved for future use.

IP Configuration

The last menu item is IP Configuration.This menu provides the service

technician information about the Internetprotocol configuration. This informationis helpful when dealing with an ISP(Internet service provider) to determinethe IP configuration of the set.

Chipper Check ConnectionThe ATC311 brings with it a whole newmeaning to connecting Chipper Checkto the set. First of all there is no internalconnection or special adaptor to connectChipper Check to the set. Connectionis made through the Ethernet jack onthe back of the set using a crossovercable and Ethernet adaptor card in thecomputer. This means that the set hasan IP address. This IP address,169.254.1.0, needs to be added to the

computer network setup before ChipperCheck can access the set. The IPaddress for Chipper Checkcommunication is 169.254.1.0. Referto a qualified IT computer technician forchanging IP addresses for differentoperating systems.

By using the Ethernet connection oneeliminates the need for an adaptor, aninterface box, and multiple cables. TheEthernet connection uses a single cross-wired network cable connected directlyto the set and computer. This type ofconnection also reduces communicationproblems due to cable length. Oncecommunication is established, ChipperCheck functions as with previouschassis.

Standby Power Supply Overview

The standby power supply is a PWMregulated, constant frequency (53KHz)power supply. When the unit is pluggedinto 120AC, startup resistor R604 andR605 provides the initial gate biasvoltage which turns on the power outputdevice (Q601) the first time. A positivefeedback voltage is developed bywindings between pins 7 & 8 of T601.This positive voltage is capacitivelycoupled back to the gate of Q601. Thiscauses Q601 to saturate and the voltagedrop across the current sensing resistorR601 turns on Q602. With Q602 on, thegate of Q601 is grounded shutting offthe output device. When Q601 is turnedoff, the energy stored in the primarywindings (T601 pins 1 & 3) is transferredto the secondary windings of T601.

When current through Q601 stopsflowing, Q602 is turned off. When all theenergy has been completely drainedfrom the primary the gate is again pulledhigh which turns on Q601 for the nextcycle.

The standby supplies are generated bythe rectifier diodes and filter capacitorson the secondary of T601. This includes+33VS, -5VS, +12VS, +5VS, +6VS andthe +/- 21 volt audio supply. Theunregulated –5VS supply follows rawB+ and a power fail (active lo) signal isdeveloped by transistors Q101, Q102and Q103. Transistors Q101 & Q102are normally on while Q103 is normallyoff. If Raw B+ (146VDC) starts to fall,

11

16

3

1

15

14

9

7

8

10

13

12

CR201RAW B+

Audio Grd

CR610

CR612

CR613

CR614

CR615

CR616

1

23

4

R604

R605

CR6176.8V

-21V_Aud

+21V_Aud

+12VS

U606+5V Reg

1 3

U6051 3

+33VS

CR61133V

U607+5V Reg

1 3 +5VR

+6VS

+5VS

On/Off SWQ607/608

+12Vr+15Vr Q606

+15Vr

4

1

2

3

U602

RefReg

+12VS

Q601

Q602

U601

CR604

CR6035.1V

R601

T601

CR601

CR60212V

Standby Power Supply

5V Reg5VS

PwrFailDetect

Q101/2/3PwrFail

NOTE: All components are "24XXX" series unlessotherwise noted, I.E; R801 is actually R24801.

C606

C609

Ω0.27

GD

S

F201

V = R = IV = R = I

+5VS

= Protection Device*

*

*

146VDC

Frequency = 53KHz

1

2

3

4

Q101 & 102 turn off which turns onQ103 generating the active lo power failsignal that is applied back to the systemcontrol. Two switched run supplies arealso generated by the standby supply.Q606 is turned on by the +15VRgenerating a +12VR supply.

A +5VR is provided by U607. The +5VRrun regulator is turned on by the On/Offswitch transistors Q607 & 608. Thetransistors (Q607 & 608) are activatedby the application of the +15VR runsupply. Overvoltage protection in thesecondary is provided by the 6.8V zenerdiode CR617. If the voltage rises abovethe 6.8V, the zener breaks over andclamps the output voltage.

Regulation of the supply is accomplishedby Opto-Coupler U601 and Ref RegU602. The bias supply for the phototransistor of U601 is developed by diodeCR604 from pulses off pin 7 of T601.The +12VS is the supply that is monitoredfor regulation. The supply is regulatedby varying the bias voltage on the baseof Q602. A voltage divider networkapplies the reference voltage to pin 3 ofthe reference regulator U602. If the

voltage at pin 3 of U602 goes up (+12VSsupply is increasing), the internalresistance of Ref Reg (U602) goesdown. This increases the currentthrough the photo diode of U601. Whenthe current through the photo diodeincreases the current in the phototransistor increases and causes thebase voltage of Q602 to go up. Theincreased base voltage on Q602reduces the current sense (R601) tripvoltage which reduces the amount of‘On’ time for Q601. This reduced ‘On’time reduces the output power that istransferred to the secondary which inturn reduces the output voltages of thesecondary. The opposite occurs if thesupply output voltage is decreasing.The base bias voltage of Q602 isreduced allowing Q601 to stay on longerand pumping more power into thesecondary which increase the outputvoltages. CR601 and CR602 (zener)provides the gate bias voltage of Q601.The 5.1V zener diode CR603 serves asa protective device in the event thatQ601 is shorted and the current senseresistor opens, the zener breaks overand shorts to ground to allow the linefuse F201 to open.

Main (Run) Power Supply Overview

The main (run) power supply is aconstant frequency (approx. 73KHz)switch mode power supply that isregulated using pulse width modulation(PWM). The power supply is held off byQ151. Q151 is turned on during standby.With Q151 on, ground is applied to thebase of Q102. With Q102 on, the gateof the power output (Q101) is held lowpreventing the supply from running.

The supply is turned on by the SMT On/Off signal from the system control andis applied to Q150. When Q150 turnson, ground is applied to pin 2 of U150.This causes the photo diode to conductwhich in turn causes the photo transistorto saturate applying ground to pin 4 ofU150. This turns off transistor Q151and allows the oscillator driver (Q102/103) circuit to operate. In case of anXRP shutdown, the base of Q150 ispulled lo, shutting it off. With Q150 off,

Q151 is allowed to turn back on whichgrounds the base collector junction ofthe oscillator driver Q102 & Q103 turningthe run supply off.

Raw B+ (146VDC) is applied to thedrain of Q101 via pin 2 & 4 of T101. Afterthe oscillator drivers have been releasedby turning off Q151 the diodes CR114,CR113 and resistor R106 turns on theoutput device (Q101) for the first time.With Q101 turned on, energy is stored inthe primary winding of T101 (pins 2 & 4).As the current through R109 (currentsense resistor) increases a positivevoltage is coupled to the base of Q103.Once this voltage is high enough, Q103& Q102 removes the drive from the gateof Q101. Once Q101 is turned off, theenergy stored in the primary windings(T101 pins 2 & 4) is transferred to thesecondary windings of T101. The diodeCR105 provides the current path for

Main (Run) Power Supply

T101

21

16

8

11

18

19

22

2

4

15

13

12

14

R109

Q101

Q103

Q102Osc/Drive

CR102CR104

R112

GS

D

1

2

3

4

12Vs

Reg B+

+15Vr

+28Vr

CR106

CR107

CR108

CR109

CR140

CR142

+45VrR138

+12Vr1 3U106+12V Reg

+15Vr+24Vr23 U105

+24V Reg+28Vr

1

2 3

4

Q151+12Vs On/Off

Q150

On/OffSMT

1

23

4

12

3

RefReg

CR103CR105+15VrU101

Reg B+R120

R117R118

R119

2%

2%

2%

Q104

Reg B+ SW2.14H=Hi2H=Lo

16V

R113

24V

CR113

CR114

R105 R106Osc

U150

NOTE: All components are "14XXX" series unlessotherwise noted, I.E; R801 is actually R14801. RAW B+

V = R = IV = R = I

-22V

+22V

ConvergenceCBA

(from SysCon)

CR115

CR1165.1V

XRP Latch

Q105

124V 2H134V 2.14H

146VDCRAW B+146VDC

C107

K101

= Protection Device*

**

Frequency 73KHz≈U103

≈R103 R104

Q103 during startup while CR114 andCR113 set the bias on the gate of Q101.

Diodes CR115 and CR116 serve asprotection devices in the event that Q101shorts and R109 opens. The diodesconduct applying ground to the sourceof Q101. This allows enough current tobe drawn that the main fuse opens.Diode CR102 provides a positive re-supply voltage to the oscillator drivercircuit. CR104 generates the negativesupply for U101-3 and the base of Q103.

The rectifier diodes on the output ofT101 generates the various run suppliesneeded by the chassis. Regulated B+ isgenerated by CR107. However, sincethe chassis operates at 2H (124V) and2.14H (134V), a slightly different RegB+ is needed. This is accomplished bythe Reg B+ Switch signal from thesystem control that is applied totransistors Q104 and Q105. When Q104is turned on the resistor divider network(R117/118/119 & R120) connected topin 1 of the reference regulator (U103)is altered slightly to compensate for theslightly higher Reg B+. When Q105 isturned on the relay K101 is closed andswitches in an additional source voltagerectifier (CR106) increasing Reg B+slightly. With 2.14H operation requiringa slightly higher Reg +. The Reg B+Switch signal is Hi for 2.14H and Lo for2H.

Reg B+ is monitored for regulation ofthe supply. U101, U103 and theprecision resistor network serve as theregulation feedback circuit. As Reg B+goes up or down, the voltage at pin 1 ofU103 will go up or down as well. Thischanges the current flow through thephoto transistor of U101. This causesthe voltage on the emitter of Q103 tochange. The voltage at the emitter ofQ103 determines how long the outputdevice stays on which determines theoutput power of the supply. For example,if the voltage at U103-1 rises, theresistance through the diode of U103goes down allowing more currentthrough the photo diode of U101. Thiscauses the photo transistor to turn onharder causing the voltage at Q103-E togo more negative. This allows theoscillator driver to turn off Q101 soonerthus reducing the amount of power inthe secondary. In reverse, if the voltageat U103-1 goes down the current throughthe photo diode goes down causingless current through the phototransistor.This allows the voltage at Q103-E tomove in a positive direction. This causesthe oscillator driver to keep Q101 onlonger which increases the amount ofpower in the secondary. More power inthe secondary causes the voltages torise. Finally, U105 and U106 generatea +24Vr and +12Vr supplies from the+28Vr and +15Vr supplies respectively.

P13

401

P13

603

NC

KS4

KS3

KS2

KD1

KS1

IR_In

Pwr_Led+5VSGnd

IR P

ream

p

J324

01

J324

02 t

o F

PA

1

5

10

15

20

25

30

J221

04

J269

03 A

V In

CB

A

CV_Y_1ACV_Y_1A_RTN30

CV_Y_1B_CV_Y_1B RTN

CMP1_U_CMP1_U RTN

CMP1_V25CMP1_V RTN

SV1_CSV1_C RTNRUN_SCLRUN_SDA20

RUN_SDA_RTNSV2_C

SV2_C_RTNCMP2_V

CMP2_V_RTN15CMP2_U

CMP2_U_RTNCV_Y_2B

CV_Y_2B_RTNCV_Y_2A10

CV_Y_2A_RTNR_IN_RTN

R_INL_IN_RTN

L_IN5R_OUT_BUF_RTN

R_OUT_BUFL_OUT_BUF_RTN

L_OUT_BUF1

Gnd

Gnd

Gnd

14

10

5

1

14

10

5

1

BEP On_OffFSW0GndRun_I2C_SDARun_I2C_SCLDeint_V

Deint_HGndDeint_Pr

Deint_Pb

Deint_Y

J148

01 D

efle

ctio

n C

BA

J221

05 Gnd

J136

04

14

10

5

1

1

5

10

14

J246

05 A

C In

CB

A

Gnd+12VSGnd5VS-Gnd+5VS

+33VSNCNCNCNC

DegaussPower_Fail

Gnd+6VSGnd+6VSGnd+6VSGnd+6VS

J246

04 A

C In

CB

A

10

5

Gnd+6VS

J136

05

110

5

1

J13603 J22105

J136

05J1

3604

J221

04

DM2Module

System Control

System Control

The ATC311 system control is containedin the DM2 module. System controlperforms such functions as channelchange, audio adjust, A/V switching,chassis on/off, Ethernet communication,browser function, service alignmentsand more. The system control receivescommands from the user by keyboardor remote. These signals are found onJ13603.

Communication between the DM2 andthe rest of the set is via I2Ccommunication. Both J22105 andJ22104 have clock and data signalsthat the system control uses tocommunicate with. The interface isstandard I2C communication.

Power for the system control comesfrom the AC in CBA. The two connectorsthat supply the power are J13605 andJ13604. The power requirements forDM2 operation are:

• +33Vs

• +12Vs

• +6Vs

• +5Vs

Internal to the DM2 are regulators thatfurther regulate the supply voltages forthe various circuits and system control.The power fail signal on J13604-1 tellssystem control to “batten down thehatches” or store settings as power isfailing. The power fail signal is activelow when AC power is lost or interrupted.

The system control operatesindependent of the main chassis. Thismeans that if power is applied to theDM2 it will process signals, tunechannels, and perform as though it wasin the set. This feature helps introubleshooting the DM2 as a moduleand isolates problems to DM2 or othercircuit areas.

14

12

13

215

1

373833

272412131098

15

16543

5036

4526414243

2333

28293034

26IK

H_DRIVEBLUE_DRGREEN_DR

IK_INH_DRIVEBLUE_DRGREEN_DRRED_DR

567

9

8

20

1112131514

DEINT_YDEINT_PBDEINT_PR

DEINT_H

DEINT_V

FSW

HD_Y

HD_PBHD_PRHD_HHD_V

FSW

RED_DR

B_OSD_ING_OSD_INR_OSD_IN

VP_OUTFBP_INVD2_INHD2_INPR2_INPB2_INY2_IN

VP_OUT

VD1_IN

HD1_INPR1_INPB1_INY1_IN

DAC 2

FBP1

U12902

1

2

3

SDA

SCL

SDA

SCL3031

+9Vr

Def/DAC_VCC19+9Vr

U12901

Back End Processor

J12901

Clip

Except for the de-interlacing, theluminance processing is done inU12901 back end processor BEP.U12901 has two component videoinputs. YPrPb from the DM2 is onJ12901 pins 5, 6, and 7. External 2H or2.14H YPrPb is on J12901 pins 11, 12,and 13. The YPrPb signal undergoesthe following processing within the BEP:

· Black Stretch· Black Level Correction· Dynamic Gamma Processing· Controlled DC Restoration· Sharpness Control· Edge Replacement· High Frequency White Peak

Limiting· Sub Contrast· UniColor (Ganged Contrast and

Color Level)· Clamping· White Peak Limiting· Output Gamma Processing· Half Tone Processing

OSD RGB Processing

The OSD is processed and inserted bythe DM2 for NTSC signals. Wheneveran external 2H or 2.14H signal source(including DVI) is selected, the OSD isno longer part of the video. The OSDmust be inserted to the external signalas an RGB signal from the DM2. TheOSD RGB and fast switch signals areapplied to U12901 from the DM2 viaJ12901 pins 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. The fast

switch line (pin 20) controls the correcttiming of OSD to video. There are twofast switch inputs on the BackendProcessor; however, since there is onlyone fast switch line from the DM2, thetwo FSW inputs are tied together on theBEP board. When the OSD inputs tothe Backend Processor are above 0.7volts, the SVM output signal is disabled.After beam limiting, the OSD signal ismixed with the video RGB.

RGB Output Processing

The RGB signals from the OSD/VideoRGB matrix are applied to variable gainstages, two of which are controlled bythe bus. The ATC311 controls the gainof Red and Blue channels, leaving theGreen channel at fixed gain. The gainof the amplifiers is adjusted to achievethe desired display color temperature.The gain of the Red and Blue aremodified to change color temperaturefrom Normal to Warm or Cool. To setthe color temperature for Warm, theRed gain is increased and the Blue gainis reduced. To set the color temperaturefor Cool, the Red gain will be reducedand the Blue gain will be increased.

After the RGB signals are gaincontrolled, they are applied to a set ofclamps. These clamps are used to setthe output DC levels of the RGB signals.The video signals have horizontal andvertical blanking applied to them at theoutput buffers and is output on the RGBpins of the IC.

Back End Processor (BEP)

U14802DeflectionProcessor

10

11

17

16 7 +9VR

XRP

VD_REF5

+9VR

+9VR

+9VR

+9VR

+9VR+9VR3

+9VR3DEF_BLANKFrom Pin 9of T14401

R830

R831

Q805

R832

R833

Q806

CR801

CR802

CR803 R834

R826

R811

R809R801

R842

Q803

R843R840

R841

+9VR

R804

C805

Q802

R804

Q804

R829

R825 C820

+9VR3

1413

SDA

SCL

EHT_IN3

12FBP_IN

R501 Q501

R506

R504

V_Drive4

6V_FB

VRAMP

R909

Q902

R914R836

XRP_LATCH

XRP_ALIGN

+12V_SENSE

Q901, Q902, Q903, Q701

HDF

NOTE: All component designationsare 14XXX series, i.e.; R830 is R14830 , etc.

18V_DF_OUT

V_IN2133

34

VP_OUT from BEP

Part of J14808BEP

H_DRIVE

H_DF_OUT

EW_FB

EW_FILTER

R806

To R14310 and L14801Pin circuit

To Q14304 Horiz Driver

VREFR502

R503VDF

ToDynamic

Focus

V Timing

H Timing

VCC

U801

Deflection

The ATC311 deflection consists of twolevels, Low Level Deflection and theOutput. Low level processing is done inpart by the backend processor (U12901)and by U14802 deflection processor.The deflection processor U14802generates the East West parabola,vertical ramp, and dynamic focussignals. The backend processorU12901 generates horizontal PLL, H / Vcountdown, and H / V drive signals.H_DRIVE from the Back End Processoris used to drive Q14304 and theHorizontal output stage.

East- West pincushion correction andwidth adjustment are provided by adiode modulator, driven by a linearpincushion driver (Q802). U14802 ICgenerates the parabola used to developthe correction waveform. This allowsbus control of the horizontal width andpin amplitude as well as horizontal trapcorrection and corner correction. Inaddition, a voltage developed acrossthe high voltage return resistor (R14310)is summed at the pin driver (U14801) tocompensate for the decrease in widththat occurs as the high voltageincreases.

The XRP circuit in the ATC311 is similarto that of DTV307 and CTC211. A peakdetector sets a self-biasing latch, whichturns off the Main (Horizontal B+) powersupply. The latch is reset by IICcommunication only. The +12V detectis part of the XRP circuit called+12V_SENSE. A loss of the +12Vrturns on Q14701 tripping the XRP latch.

The low level vertical deflectionprocessing is done in two parts. Firstthe Back End Processor, that includesa sync separator and countdown circuit,provides the negative going vertical ratepulse, VP_OUT. This pulse is alsoused to synchronize the digitalconvergence.

Second, U14802 receives the VP_OUTpulse at pin 21 and develops the verticaldeflection ramp at pin 6. The IC alsoprovides a dc reference at pin 5,VD_REF, which tracks at twice the rampcenter value. These two signalsrespectively become V_RAMP andV_REF, and are coupled differentiallyto the vertical output IC, which drivesthe yoke.

U14802 has an internal error amplifierwith input at V_FB, pin 6 and output atV_DRIVE, pin 4, but local feedback isused to develop the reference ramp atpin 6.

Dynamic focus signals (HDF and VDF)come form U14802. Blanking signalfrom pin 9 of T14401 is buffered andadded to the horizontal dynamic focussignal from pin 16 of U14802. The twosignals are provided to the dynamicfocus circuit via Q14804. Verticaldynamic focus signal comes from pin18 of U14802.

Deflection

The horizontal deflection system hastwo main functions in the ATC311chassis. First, it supplies the current forthe horizontal yoke. Second, it providessignals and power supplies needed foroperation of the chassis and picturetube.

The horizontal yoke drive is provided byQ14401, CR14402, (HOT and damperdiode combination), T14401 (IHVT),C14402 retrace capacitor, C14801 tracecapacitor, and the horizontal yoke coils.Drive for Q14401 comes from the backend processor through J14808-34,Q14304, Q14301, and Q14302 toT14300 primary. The secondary ofT14300 is inductively coupled by L14301to Q14401-B. The frequency at whichthe horizontal operates is determinedby the incoming signal and the BEP.The ATC311 is designed to operate at2H and 2.14H only.

Beam sense comes from pin 4 of T14401and is used as a control signal for the

horizontal driver and back endprocessor. Beam sense, at the base ofQ14303, controls drive by reducing thedrive signal at the collector of Q14304.As beam current increases, voltage isdeveloped at pin 4 of T14401 andsupplied to the base of Q14303. Q14303conducts, reducing the drive signal toQ14301 and Q14302 reducinghorizontal drive.

Voltages are derived from secondarywindings on T14401. The video amplifierand the CRTs use these supplies.CR14701 and C14703 provide a +215Vsource for the CRT’s and CR14702provides the fly back pulse (FBP) forfilament and timing signals. High Voltageand focus are also developed byT14401.

Pin correction signal from Q14802 iscoupled to the low side of the horizontalyoke by L14801.

Horizontal Out

REG B+

R315

C308

Q304

R301

Q303 R304

C302

CR301

+26VR

R303

R302

C301

Q301

Q302

C304

T300

R308

R309

R310 R311 L801

R305R307

R306

C305

CR800

C801 R401

C404

R406

C412

R407

C407

L406

L405

CR401

C414 and C413

Q401 CR402 C402

T401

R313

R325R312

L301

HYOKE_Hi

HYOKE_Lo

From Q802CollectorPin Driver

BEAM_SENSE

FOCUS

HV

+215VR

FBPFBP1

FILAMENT

CR702

CR701

C703

5

9

8

4

11

12

BEAM_SENSE


33

34

VP_OUT

Part of J14808BEP

H_DRIVE

(124V 2H)(134V 2.14H)

Horizontal Out

The vertical output of the ATC311 isdifferent from other vertical circuits inthe past. The vertical circuit has nonegative supply but uses three positivepower supplies and a shunt regulatorinstead. The rest is similar with twosignals from the deflection processordifferentially coupled to U14501 via aresistor network (RN14501). Thesetwo signals are V_RAMP and V_REF.The vertical output IC (U14501) thendrives the yokes. The frequency atwhich vertical operates is 60Hz.

Power for U14501 comes form +28Vr,+45Vr boost supply, and +15Vr halfsupply. The boost supply is derivedfrom Reg B+ through dropping resistor

R1452 and shunt regulator Q14503.Shunt regulation, performed by Q14503and the associated resistors, drops theReg B+ voltage to +48 volts to powerthe output stage of U14501 duringvertical retrace. The +15Vr is used ashalf supply with R14511 and R14508providing current sense. C14511provides filtering for the half supply.

A sample of the vertical output signal isused for Scan_V. Q14502 clamps andbuffers the output signal. The signal isused for AKB and Scan Loss. If theScan_V pulse is missing or distortedthe video will be blanked by the ScanLoss circuit and AKB will reduce thedrive. This prevents burning of theCRT’s in the event vertical scan is lost.

Vertical Out

FLYBACKGEN.

U501

RN501

C508

1

7 4

2 6 3

5

5781 2 4

3 6

R511 R508 R514 C511

R512

CR505

R507

C505

R509 R510

R521

R522

R520R519

CR504Q503CR501

+45VRR516

CR503

Q502 R517

R518

L502 RT501

+28VR1

SCAN_V

VYOKE_HiL501

VYOKE_Lo

+15VR

VREF

VRAMP

CR502

C503C501C502

From U14802Deflection Processor

68V

Vertical Out


The effects of the Earths magnetic fieldchange with the placement of the TVand cause errors in convergence. Theseerrors are automatically corrected usinga microprocessor and data from opticalsensors positioned inside around theouter edge of the screen. This processis referred to as digital convergence.

The digital convergence systemgenerates six drive signals that correct

geometry of the image created by thethree picture tubes. This isaccomplished by a matrix of verticaland horizontal points that are assigneda digital value that is stored in non-volatile memory. Each of these datapoints can be individually changed. Thisstored digital information is convertedinto six analog signals that drive theconvergence amplifiers. The amplifiedsignals are used to drive theconvergence yokes.

Digital Convergence Overview

DigiConU501

EEPROMU509

ConvSensor (8)

Input

Clk

Data

DataClk

U517

2HEEPROM

U512

2.14HEEPROM

U511

DataClk2

1

DataClk9 7/8

18

16

4544

56

48

ConvMicroU502

49 507 6

FromSysCon

12 J50014

1

3

J601

ChipperCheck U503

GH Conv

12

3

4948

U504GV Conv

75

6

6364

NOTE: All components are"19XXX" series unless otherwise noted, I.E; Q306 isactually Q19306.

5152

4645

6665

6061

Red & Blue Pwr Ampssame as Green Pwr Amps

U5076

57

U507

2

3

1

57

58

79

Q306/Q307GH Pwr Amp

GV Pwr AmpQ316/Q317

Feedback

StabilityFeedback

Stability

Digital Convergence Block Diagram

Digital Convergence Gen & Power Amp Module

GH Out

GV Out

FromChassis

J500

10

11Scan_V

FBP

28

27

GreenHorzYoke

Factory Data

GreenVertYoke

8+12VS

There are separate customerconvergence adjustments along withmuch more detailed servicemanadjustments. The use of Chipper Checkcan speed up the alignment process inthe event of major component failure.

There has been little change in thedigital convergence when compared tothe earlier projection sets with autoconvergence. The ATC311 uses thesame digital convergence processingand sensor arrangement as theCTC211. The ATC311 has only twoscan modes, 2H and 2.14H.

The sensor position and access is thesame as in the DTV307 and MMC102.The speed of sensor detection hasincreased but the process remains thesame. These sensors can only be seenfrom the back side of the screen. Across hatch test pattern is generated bythe digital convergence micro to aid inconverging the set.

Digital Convergence Generator &Power Amp Module

The ATC311 utilizes a new integratedDigital Convergence Generator & PowerAmp Module for convergence correctionand auto convergence. Located on themodule are five EEPROMS,Convergence Micro and the Digicon IC,U501. Unlike earlier instruments, thepower amplifiers are also located on themodule. U502 is the convergence micro.The purpose of U502 is calculatingconvergence correction based oninformation from the optical sensors.The convergence micro controls theDigicon IC and the EEPROMs. U501(Digicon) generates the convergencecorrection signals that are applied to theconvergence amplifiers. U510, 511,512, and U513 are mode EEPROMsand contain data that is used foralignment information for the differentscan modes. The EEPROM U509 isthe factory preset EEPROM. Two bufferICs (U503 and 504) buffer the outputfrom the Digicon IC to the outputamplifiers. A stability feedback signalfrom the power amplifiers is applied to acomparator (U507) op amp along with areference from the DigiCon IC. This isto prevent any drift of the convergencesignal over a period of time due tocomponent aging.

Horizontal and Vertical Convergence Power Amplifiers

The convergence power amplifier (seeGreen Horz Output Amp) drives theconvergence yokes via the drivewaveform (GH-Conv) at pin 2 of Q370from the DigiCon IC. The power amplifieroperates between +/-20V supplies. Thevoltage across the yoke current senseresistors consisting of three 1.65 ohmresistors (R442, 441 & 301) is applied tothe stability loop circuit of U507-6. Thisvoltage also serves as a feedbackvoltage to pin 5 of Q370. Q370 isprovided a fixed current (at pins 1 & 4)by a current source (Q301) that is biasedon or off by a mute switching voltage(1.8V-On or 0-Off) that is output fromthe DigiCon IC U501, pin 77.

All the convergence power amplifiersare turned off during power up andconvergence data loading from theEEPROM. The transistor Q301, acurrent source transistor is also anemitter follower that drives the negativepre-driver transistor (Q305). Thepositive rail pre-driver (Q304) is drivenby the left side transistor (pins 1, 6) of

Q370. The pre-driver transistors Q304and Q305 provides the drive for theNPN and PNP power Darlingtontransistors (Q306 & Q307). These powertransistors operate in class B mode anddrive the high side of the convergenceyoke. Feedback from the high side ofthe yoke is coupled to pin 5 of Q370 andsets phase margin and damping. Asample of the voltage across the senseresistors is also sent to comparator(U507-6). These levels are comparedwith standardized outputs from theDigiCon IC U501. The DC balance andAC gain of each of the 6 channels isdigitally adjusted to correct for any drift.The vertical amplifiers (see Green VertOutput Amp) are almost identical buthave a transistor (Q313) connected asa base to emitter voltage multiplierlocated between the bases of the powerDarlingtons. Also, feedback resistorsR434 and R435 are included in serieswith the Darlington emitters. These twochanges reduce the class B crossovertransients and eliminates a horizontalstreak from the raster.

Q314

Q313

R308

J19310

+20V

- 20V

Q316

Q317

+20V

- 20V

Q372

R450

+20V

+20V

GV-Conv

R311

R405

Q311

R340

- 20V

Q315

R369- 20VR309

R379

R3851.651W-1%

1.65

1.65

1W-1%1W-1%

(from DigiCon)

Green Vertical Convergence Output Amp

36

1

2

4

5

AmpMute from

Q302-C

ToU507-2

(stabilityloop)

C331

C302

C403

R409

R378

NOTE: All components are "19XXX"series unless otherwise noted, I.E;R801 is actually R19801.

R435

R436 Ω.51

Ω.51

1W

1W

Ω

Ω

Ω

Q301

Q305

R447

R319

J19311

+20V

- 20V

Q306

Q307

+20V

- 20V

- 20V

Q370

1

23

4

56

R300

+20V

+20V

GH-Conv

R366

R383R303

R306

Q304

1.651W-1%

R301

R441

R442

1W-1%1.65

1W-1%

(from DigiCon)

Green Horizontal Convergence Output Amp

Q302

- 20V

Mute toother Conv

Amps

Ampmutefrom

U501-77

R304

R305 C328

C300R302

ToU507-6(stability

loop)

NOTE: All components are "19XXX"series unless otherwise noted, I.E;R801 is actually R19801.

R408 R317

C391 C301

1.65 Ω

Ω

Ω

0 = Mute1.8V = Unmute

The convergence power amplifiershutdown circuit is designed to preventfurther damage to the power amplifiersby removing the +/-20V supplies in theevent of a failure. Q700 and Q704 actas disconnect switches while Q702 andQ703 serve as a latch. The latch resetswhen the set is cycled off and back on.Q700 and Q704 disconnects the powersupplies to the convergence amplifiersand latch them off via Q702 & Q703 ifeither supply delivers greater than 3Afor more than 10 to 15mS. The delay isneeded because of startup currentspikes. It’s important to realize that allthe bias voltages in the circuit areprovided by the +/-22V supply from the

main (run) power supply. TransistorsQ700 and Q704 actually provide the +/-20V source supply to the convergencepower amplifiers.

During normal operation Q700 is biasedOn by CR703, R706 and CR701. Also,during normal operation transistor Q701pins 1-2-6 is biased Off. R701 servesas the current sense resistor. As currentincreases through R701 the voltage atpin 2 of Q701 begins to fall. The voltageat pin 5 of Q701 is a reference voltageprovided by R715 and R722 anddetermines the voltage at which thetransistor Q701 (pins 1, 2 & 6) turns on.

Convergence Power Amplifier Shutdown

1

23

4

56

1

23

4

56

J7001

3

+22V

fromMain(Run) Pwr

Supply

R701 Ω.220

3W

Q700

Sourceto Conv

Pwr Amps

20V

Sourceto Conv

Pwr Amps

+20V

22V

Ω 3W

R710

R715

R704

R719

R721 R706

R702

R718

R720

R701

R707

R709

R701R708

R711R714

Q701Q702

Q703

Q704

Q705

C701 CR701

CR702

CR704

CR703

C709

C707

C706C705

C710

C704

12V

3.6V

3.6V

27V

200

200

5K

R7225K

Convergence Power Amp Shutdown

NOTE: All componentsare "19XXX" seriesunless otherwise noted,I.E; Q700 is actuallyQ19700.

+3.3VReg

+6.8VReg

Reg-12V

.220

It’s important to note that the R/C timeconstant of R702 and C704 providesthe 10 to 15mS delay. C704 holds pin2 of Q701 Hi for 15mS before letting thetransistor turn on. When the voltagefalls to .7V below the emitter (pin 1), thetransistor turns on applying a Hi to thebase of Q703 turning it on. When Q703turns on Q702 turns on and they latch.With Q703 on, a Hi is placed on thebase of Q700 by the emitter voltage ofQ703 turning Q700 off and removingthe +20V source from the poweramplifiers. With the +20V source gone,the base of Q704 is allowed to go morenegative than the emitter thus turning itoff. With Q704 off, the –20V source isremoved from the convergence poweramplifiers.

The negative side of the circuit (Q704and Q705) operates in the same manneras the positive side except that thevoltages are below ground potential.When excess current is drawn from the

–22V supply through R710, the basevoltage at pin 5 of Q705 goes Hi enoughfor the transistor to turn on. With Q705on, the base of Q702 (latch circuit) ispulled Lo enough for it to turn on. WithQ702 on, Q703 turns on and againplaces a Hi on the base of Q700removing the positive source voltage.With the +20V at the cathode of CR702missing, Q704 is biased off removingthe –20V source. C705 and R711provides the 10 to 15mS delay in thenegative circuit.

The +20V source is also applied to a+3.3V regulator located on theconvergence circuit board. This +3.3Vsupply is for the DigiCon IC and theconvergence microcomputer. If the+20V source is lost, the +3.3V is alsolost and the convergencemicrocomputer goes down. When thesystem control micro tries tocommunicate with the convergencemicro it does not get a reply and systemcontrol micro shuts the instrument down.

The grid kick/scan loss video mute circuithas three (3) primary functions. One isto provide bias for the G1 grid of thepicture tubes. Two, adjust grid biasfrom +10VDC to approx. +24VDC duringhorizontal and vertical blanking (retrace).This is done to compensate for anybreathing (fluctuation) of the‘unregulated’ high voltage power supply.Third, horizontal and vertical aremonitored for scan loss. If horizontal orvertical are lost, the G1 grid is reversebiased at approximately -180VDC toprevent burning the tubes and video ismuted.

During normal operation (horizontal andvertical scan) transistor Q103, diodeCR106 and zener CR130 provide biasof approximately +10VDC to grid G1.During horizontal and vertical blanking

(retrace) the grid bias compensationcircuit (Q109/130/131/132) drives thebase of Q103 turning it on harder. Thisdrives Q103 collector (G1 bias) toapproximately +24VDC. In this way thegrid to cathode bias remains proportionalduring any high voltage fluctuations.

Horizontal scan loss detection isperformed by rectifier diode CR101 andfilter capacitor C101. Whenever theflyback pulse (FBP) is present diodeCR101 and capacitor C101 act as arectifier and generate a positive DCvoltage that is applied to the cathode ofCR102 reverse biasing it. With CR102reverse biased, transistor Q107 is heldoff allowing normal scan. If horizontalscan is lost, C101 is discharged throughR107. CR102 is forward biased viaR107 and R116 placing a low on the

Grid Kick/Scan Loss Video Mute

NOTE: All components are "19XXX" seriesunless otherwise noted, I.E; Q104 is actually Q19104 .

+12VrF

+215Vr

FBP

To G1

Grid Bias

Q109/Q130Q131/Q132

+24Vr1

Video Mute(CRT CBA)

+12Vr1

+12VrF

+12VrF

+12VrF

VertPulse

+24Vr1

CR108

R140

C105

CR106 Q103

CR1308.2V

C102 350V C110

Q105R115CR103

Q104 R141R142

R144

R122

CR120CR121

C120

Q110

C121 R124

R125

Q111

R123

C11416V

C104

CR105

Q107

L101

CR102

R107C101100V

CR101

CR114

R138

R114 R1127

R119

R116

R137

R121 R120

R126

R112

R111

R110

R135

CompensationNetwork

Vert Pulse

Grid Kick-Scan Loss Video Mute

base of Q107 turning it on. With the lossof horizontal, the run supply is lost andthe voltage stored in capacitors C104and C114 provides the B+ for Q107.With Q107 turned on Q104 and Q105are turned on. The grid kick voltage(approx. -180VDC) is generated bycapacitors C102 and C110 chargingthrough diode CR103 and CR114 to the+215V supply. When Q105 turns on,the positive side of the grid kickcapacitors are grounded applying anegative 180VDC directly to the G1grid. Reverse biasing the G1 grid with–180VDC ensures that the cathodecurrent is zero. At the same time Q104is turned on grounding the junction ofR110 and R111 and turning off the+10V grid bias by removing B+ from theemitter of Q103. A high (video mute) is

also coupled to each CRT circuit boardvia R144.

Vertical is monitored for scan loss byQ110 and Q111. A vertical pulse iscapacitively (C120) coupled to the baseof Q110. CR120, CR121 and the +12Vrprovides bias to the base of Q110causing it to act as a vertical rateoscillator. With Q110 oscillating, thebase voltage of Q111 is kept low enoughto keep it off. When vertical is lost,capacitor C121 charges through R122and turns on Q111. When Q111 turnson, the base of Q107 is pulled lowturning it on. This applies a high toQ104, Q105 and also to the CRT CBA’s(video mute). As with horizontal loss,Q105 applies the grid kick voltage (-180VDC) to grid G1 and Q104 shuts ofthe grid bias transistor Q103.

The primary function of the XRP circuitis to turn off the run power supply andshutdown the deflection processor IC,U802. The XRP shutdown circuit hasthree (3) inputs. These are the Over-Voltage, +12V Sense (CRT CBA) andthe excessive beam current. Detectingover-voltage is performed by CR901and CR908. A horizontal pulse from theIHVT T401 pin 9 is rectified by CR901.A precision reference voltage isgenerated by Q904 and the XRP Alignbias voltage. This XRP Align voltage isstored digitally in the EEPROM and isconverted (by a DAC) to an analog

XRP Shutdown Overview

voltage. When the voltage on thecathode of CR908 (Q904-C) rises above10V, zener CR908 breaks over andtransistor Q901 turns on. With Q901turned on, the latch (Q902 & Q903)turns on and outputs a low (XRP Latch)that turns off the run power supply (seerun power supply). When Q902 turnson, the base of Q905 is pulled highenough to turn it on. With Q905 on, alow is applied to pin 17 of U802,instructing it to turn off vertical and senda message to the system control (SDA)to shutdown the instrument.

Q902Q905

Q903

+12VR2

+9VR

+12V Sense

+12VR2

Q901

Q701

Q904

J901

21

XRPTest

XRP Sense

From IHVTT401-9

+9VR2Q906

Beam 'I'from IHVT

T401-4

XRPAlign

(from CRTCBA)

CR901

17

4

VertDrive

CR908-10V

U802DeflectionProcessor

FaultSense

13 14

SDA SCL

(DC Bias)

NOTE: All components are "14XXX"series unless otherwise noted, I.E;Q901 is actually Q14901 .

R914

R908

R909

R714

R715

R906

C714

R903 R904

C905

R910R902

R913

R915

R916

1%

R9002% R901

1%

XRP Shutdown Block Diagram

XRP Latch(to RunSupply)

The +12V Sense monitors for problemsin the video drive circuit on the CRTCBA’s to prevent damage to the CRT’s.In the event the video drive IC shorts orthe 215V cathode voltage is lost theXRP circuit is activated, shutting downthe instrument. The CRT CBA +12VSense is applied to the base of Q701.Q701 is held off as long as the +12V ispresent. If the +12V is lost on the CRTcircuit board, the base of Q701 goeslow enough to turn on Q701. WhenQ701 is on, the latch circuit (Q902/903)turns on again and applies the XRP

Latch signal to the run supply. Also,Q905 turns on shutting down U802.

Beam current is monitored by Q906.The emitter of Q906 is connected to pin4 of the IHVT, T401. When excessivebeam current occurs the emitter voltageof Q906 is pulled below its base voltagewhich turns it on. With Q906 on, a lowis applied to the base of Q901 turning iton. With Q901 turned on the latchQ902/903 turns on generating the XRPLatch. Q905 also turns on shutting offIC U802.

NOTE: If power LED comes on when power button is pressed and then the setpowers down (LED off) go to step 6.

1. Use J24204-1 as the hot ground reference. Check Raw B+ at connectorJ24204-2 (AC IN CBA). If Raw B+ is OK, go to step 4. If not OK go to step2.

2. Check AC fuse, F24201. If fuse is OK, suspect AC IN CBA. If fuse is open,unplug horizontal yoke plug J14401 (Deflection CBA) and check for shortbetween pins 1 and 2 on the deflection circuit board. If shorted suspectDeflection CBA. If not shorted go to next step.

3. Unplug connector P24203 (AC IN CBA) and check for short across pins 1 &2 (cable end). If shorted suspect Subwoofer Amp/PS CBA. If not shorted,suspect AC IN CBA.

4. Use the interconnect diagram as a reference and J24604-10 as the coldground reference. Check all standby voltages at connectors J24604, J24605,J24601 and J24602 (AC IN CBA). If any standby voltages missing, suspectAC IN CBA. If standby voltages are OK go to next step.

5. Apply AC power and press power button.

6. If LED turns on and then off, disconnect J11501 (Audio CBA) and press powerbutton again. If power LED comes on and stays on suspect Audio CBA. If LEDstill flashes or does not light go to step 7.

7. Disconnect J26903 (AV IN CBA) and press power button again. If power LEDcomes on and stays on suspect AV IN CBA. If LED still flashes or does notlight go to next step.

8. Disconnect J19500 (Convergence CBA) and press power button again. Ifpower LED comes on and stays on troubleshoot the Convergence CBA. IfLED still flashes or does not light go to next step.

Dead Set Troubleshooting

Appendix ATroubleshooting Section

9. Disconnect J14801 (Deflection CBA) and press power button again. If powerLED comes on and stays on suspect Deflection CBA. If LED still flashes ordoes not light suspect DM2 module.

1. With AC power supplied, check for raw B+ at connector J24204-2. If raw B+is ok, go to step 4. If not ok, check F24201, CR24201, C24208 and 209.

2. If fuse F24201 is open, remove AC power, unplug J14401 and check for shortbetween pins 1 and 2 on the deflection CBA side. If shorted troubleshoot therun supply and deflection circuits. If not shorted, go to step 3.

3. Unplug connector P24203 and check for short across pins 1 and 2 on thesubwoofer power supply / amp CBA side. If shorted troubleshoot subwooferpower supply / amp CBA. If not shorted, go to step 4.

4. Remove AC power and check Q24601 for gate to drain short and drain tosource short. If shorted replace all active components on the primary side ofT24601 and R24601. If not shorted, go to step 5.

5. Unsolder drain of Q24601, if fuse was open replace AC fuse and apply ACpower.

6. Check for +12Vdc on the gate of Q24601. If missing, suspect R24604, 605,602, CR24601, 602, Q24602, and 601. If +12Vdc present, go to step 7.

7. Remove AC power and check for proper resistance (see table on pg. 40) oneach output diode CR24620, 623, 626, 630, 637, and 638. If not correct checkassociated circuit with each incorrect resistance. If resistances are ok, go tostep 8.

8. Solder drain of Q24601 back in, short pins 3 and 4 of U24601, and apply ACpower. If supply starts to oscillate, check U24601, 602, and precision resistornetwork in feed back circuit. If not check components in the source circuit ofQ24601.

Standby Power Supply Troubleshooting

No Start, Relay clicks, and Power LED is on

NOTE: If relay clicks and power LED comes on then the standby power supply andsystem control are functioning.

1. Apply AC power and check Q14101-D for raw B+ (approx.150Vdc). Ifmissing, check J14101 from the standby supply and T14101 for an opencircuit. If raw B+ is correct go to step 2.

2. Remove AC power, unsolder the drain of Q14101 and short collector toemitter of on/off transistor Q14150. This will turn on bias to the oscillator circuitand gate of Q14101. Check for +24V on the Q14101-G. If missing checkQ14102, 103, 151, R14103, 104, 105, 106, 107, CR14113, and CR14114. If+24V present, go to step 3.

3. Using the resistance table, check each output diode. If resistances are correctgo to step 4. If not correct check associated circuit of improper resistancereading.

4. With Q14150 still shorted (C-E), solder the drain of Q14101 back in and shortpins 3 and 4 of U14101 to bypass regulation control. This makes the supplyoperate at reduced voltage. Apply AC power, if supply starts to oscillate,check feedback circuit Q14104, U14103, U14101, and precision resistors. Ifno oscillation, go to step 5.

Run Power Supply Troubleshooting

Standby Power Supply Resistance Table

CR24610 Infinity

CR24613 5K

CR24612 85 ohms

CR24614 115 ohms

CR24615 2K

CR24616 2K

5. Remove AC power and check components off of pin 11 of T14101 and off ofpins 3 and 4 of U14101. Check components in the source circuit of Q14101.

Resistance Table

CR14109 55K

CR14108 9K

CR14107 28K

CR14106 Infinity

CR14140 5K

CR14142 5K

Dead set, isolate down to chassis or DM2 module. Power LED blinks.

1. Apply AC power and check J13604 and J13605 for proper voltages all pins.Voltages not correct troubleshoot AC in CBA. Voltages correct go to step 2.

2. Check J13604-1 for 5Vdc. If missing or low power supply is indicating powerfailure. Troubleshoot AC in CBA. If 5Vdc ok, go to step 3.

3. Remove AC power and disconnect J14801 on the deflection CBA. Apply ACpower and turn on set. If power led turns on, troubleshoot deflection CBA. Ifpower LED still wont stay on suspect DM2 module.

System Control Troubleshooting

Setup:

· Unsolder Q14401-C

· Disconnect all three CRT sockets

· Force on Run supply by shorting C-E on Q14150

· Force on 9Vr for BEP by shorting C-E on Q14111 and apply AC power.

Horizontal Drive should be present at pin 34 of J14808 if not troubleshootBEP.

1. Check for drive signal at Q14304-C. If missing check +26Vr, Q14304, andQ14303. If ok go to step 2.

2. Check for horizontal drive at Q301-E. If missing check base circuit of Q14302and Q14301, 14302, and C14304. If ok go to step 3.

3. Check for signal at the base of Q14401. If missing suspect Q14401, T14300,and L14301. If present, remove AC power and reconnect Q14401-C.

4. Unplug J14401, horizontal yoke.

5. Apply AC power and check for signal (490V P-P) at the collector of Q14401.If incorrect, suspect T14401 or it’s secondary circuits. If correct suspect yokesor yoke return circuit.

Troubleshooting Tips· If there is no vertical pulse from U12901-27, confirm fly-back pulse is present

at U12901-24. It must be present for the vertical countdown to function.

· If the vertical power stage U14501 has failed, CR14501 has likely failed also,and should be replaced. Failure to replace it will result in the boost voltagebeing equal to the 28VR1 supply voltage. The retrace will be too slow, andSCAN_V will not be proper. AKB blanks the picture if this pulse is not proper.

1. Disconnect CRT sockets from all three CRT’s.

2. Disconnect vertical yoke plug J14501.

Horizontal Out Troubleshooting

Vertical Out Troubleshooting

3. Apply AC power and turn on set.

4. Check Source voltages +28Vr, +15Vr, and +45Vr. If sources are missingtroubleshoot source supplies. If ok, go to step 5

5. Check U14501 for proper voltages at pins 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7. See chart below.If incorrect, suspect U14501, CR14501, RN14501, and C14503. If correct, goto step 6.

6. Check for waveform at pin 5 of U14501. If correct suspect open yoke. If notcorrect suspect R14509, 14510, and feed back components to RN14501.

U14501 Pin # Voltage With Yokes Voltage W/O Yokes

1 7.9Vdc 7.9Vdc

2 31.5Vdc 31.5Vdc

3 46.8Vdc 47.3Vdc

5 15.1Vdc 15.8Vdc

6 30.9Vdc 31.0Vdc

7 7.8Vdc 7.8Vdc

1. U14501-5 Output Voltage 10V/div

2. Current Sense Resistor or Yoke_Lo. R14508 and R14509 junction

Vertical Key Waveforms

3. Half Supply Filter C14511 AC Coupling 500mV/div

4. U14501-6 Supply Boost 10V/div

5. SCAN_V R14517 and R14518 junction 2V/div

6. Supply Ripple U14501-2

7. Boost Supply ripple at U14501-3

1. Remove CRT CBA’s. Apply AC power and turn set on. If set starts suspect+12V Sense and/or excessive beam current shutdown.

2. If set doesn’t start with CRT sockets unplugged, remove R14914 (XRPbypass). Monitor high voltage and turn set on.

3. If high voltage is excessive, troubleshoot horizontal and Reg B+ circuits.

4. If high voltage is OK, suspect component failure in XRP circuit.

If there is video at the input, but no RGB output, check that the FSW0 line, pin 20of J12901 connector, FSW0 is low. If it is high, the video will be blanked.

If there is video at the input, but no RGB output, check that the BLK_OUT line,pin 25 of the J12901 connector is low. If it is high, video will be blanked.

TroubleshootingNo Video any mode

1. Check for clock and data at J12901-1 and 2. If missing troubleshootdeflection CBA and DM2 clock and data lines. If ok, go to next step.

2. Select a known good channel and check for proper signals on J12901-5,6, 7, 8, and 9. If missing, troubleshoot DM2 and A/V switching CBA. Ifcorrect, go to next step.

3. Check for proper signals at J12901-28, 29, and 30. If correct,troubleshoot deflection CBA, CRT CBA for loss of signal flow. If missing,see troubleshooting tips above and suspect BEP.

XRP Shutdown Troubleshooting

Back End Processor Troubleshooting Tips

1. Check the operation of the Convergence Power Amps and the ConvergencePower Amp Shutdown circuits using the appropriate troubleshooting procedure.If the circuits check OK go to next step.

2. Check clock and data at J19500 pins 12 & 14. If OK go to next step. If notOK suspect loss of clock and data between system control and convergenceCBA.

3. Check for +12VS at J19500-8. If OK go to next step. If not OK, troubleshoot+12VS standby supply.

4. Check J19500-10 & 11 for horizontal and vertical sync. If OK suspectconvergence CBA. If not OK, troubleshoot horizontal and vertical synccircuits.

1. Remove AC power and unplug convergence yokes. Apply AC power and turninstrument on. Check for the +/-20VDC supplies at collectors of outputtransistors, IE; Q19306 and Q19307.

2. Check emitter junction of power output devices for 0VDC. If other than 0VDC,suspect power amplifier circuit.

NOTE: Pre-drivers and output devices may be swapped with like components ofother power amp circuits to verify defective devices.

Convergence Generator Troubleshooting

Convergence Power Amplifier Troubleshooting

1. Remove AC power and disconnect J19500. Apply AC power and startinstrument. If chassis starts go to next step. If chassis doesn’t start go to DeadSet Troubleshooting.

2. Remove AC power and disconnect J19310 and J19311 (convergence yokes).Apply AC and turn instrument on.

3. Check Q19704-C. If +20VDC present, check Q19704-C for –20VDC. If OK,troubleshoot convergence power amplifiers. If not OK, go to next step.

4. Check for +/-22VDC at J19700-1/3. If missing troubleshoot the main (run)power supply. If OK, suspect a problem in the amplifier shutdown circuit(static check all components).

1. Apply AC power and turn on unit.

2. Press menu, if OSD is present go to step 6.

3. No OSD / video, connect 2H or 2.14H Y Pr Pb signal to Aux. 4 input and usingthe remote slowly cycle through all inputs. This requires pressing the inputbutton on the remote seven (7) times to cycle through all inputs.

4. Video present and no OSD go to step 8. No video present, go to next step.

5. Using scope check for signals on J14802-1, 2, 4, 6, and 8. Signals present,suspect deflection / back end processor. Signals not present suspect AV InCBA.

6. Using a known good NTSC RF source and splitter, connect source to bothantenna inputs. Check for video on antenna A and B, if no video on both or

Convergence Power Amplifier Shutdown Troubleshooting

No Video Troubleshooting

just one antenna input suspect DM2. If video is present with both antenna Aand B go to next step.

7. Connect a NTSC 1H video signal to aux inputs. Cycle through each of theinputs. No video or video on some inputs, suspect AV In CBA.

8. Using a video monitor connected to the video output, tune to an active station.Video displayed on monitor suspect A/V In CBA. No video displayed suspectDM2 module.

Can’t establish a connection

Step 1: Check to ensure IP address is set correctly

Use ipconfig to verify IP address and Subnet mask are set correctly

Run Dos Prompt

Type ipconfig

Verify that network adapter IP address = 169.254.1.0

Verify that network adapter subnet mask = 255.255.0.0

Step 2: Make sure your PC isn’t blocking Ethernet communications

Use Ping to communicate with TV.

Run Dos Prompt

Type ping 169.254.1.0

PC will respond with no error.

NOTE: If you don’t get a response from your PC, try the following:

1) Disable any firewall/antivirus software

2) Restart PC.

Step 3: Try to manually establish a connection with Chipper Check

1) Start Chipper Check.

2) Select <Ethernet><Software Upgrade>

3) Open Dos prompt

4) type ftp 169.254.1.0

If you are set up correctly, Chipper Check will allow the connection and ask for a username and password.

Chipper Check Connection Troubleshooting:

Appendix B

Networking Glossary10Base-2 cable: More commonly known as coaxial cable or thinnetcable. This network cable looks like a thin version of the cable that yourcable television company uses. Today, many companies areabandoning their 10Base-2 systems in favor of 10Base-T cable. Seealso 10Base-T cable.

10Base-T cable: Also called twisted-pair cable, 10Base-T is thecurrent standard in network cable. 10Base-T looks like telephonecable, but the main difference is that it’s designed to transmit datarather than voice. Two types of 10Base-T are available: unshieldedtwisted pair (UTP) and shielded twisted pair (STP). In STP, metalencases the cable wires, lessening the possibility of interference fromother electrical devices, radar, radio waves, and so on. Using 10Base-T requires the purchase of a concentrator. Each network computer’sNIC is connected to a length of 10Base-T, which is then connected toa concentrator. The concentrator disseminates data to the computers’NICs. See also concentrator; NIC, star topology. ‘

AC adapter: A device that transforms alternating current (AC) electricityinto direct current (DC) that devices like laptops and notebooks canuse.

active application: The software application you currently have openwith the application’s window appearing in the foreground of yourscreen. Other applications that may be open are in the background ofyour screen and are called inactive applications.

ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) modem: Thistechnology uses standard telephone lines to produce incredibly fastconnections to the Internet. You need a special ADSL modem,telephone lines that support the technology (coming soon to mostcities), and an Internet host server that supports ADSL technology.

arrow keys: Sometimes called direction or cursor keys. These keyboardkeys have arrows pointing up, down, right, and left and are used tonavigate around the screen.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange):This standard assigns a number to each key on your keyboard.Internally, your computer uses the numbers to read and write keyboardcharacters.

ASCII text file: A file that contains untranslated ASCII characterswithout special formatting.

AutoPlay: A feature in Windows that automatically searches for andlaunches a CD’s Auto Run file when you insert a disc into a CD-ROMdrive.

backup: A copy of the files on your computer that you can use torestore data in the event of a computer crash.

banner: Also called a separator page. A form that accompanies eachprint job. The form displays the name of the user and prints ahead ofthe first page of each document so that multiple users of a printer caneasily identify their documents. To print a banner, you must configurethe printer for this feature.

barrel connector: A tube-shaped device that enables you to join twolengths of 10Base-2 cable in a network. See also 10Base-2 cable.

baud rate: Also referred to as bits per second (bps). The speed atwhich information is transferred.

beta: A designation given to software that has not yet been releasedfor distribution because it is still being tested. The beta version ofsoftware is usually in its second testing cycle (alpha versions areearlier releases) and is usually only available to particular users (calledbeta testers).

BIOS (Basic Input-Output System): Part of a PC that controls andmanages the hardware in the computer.

bit: The smallest unit of digital information. A bit is either on or off (tothe computer, on is 1 and off is 0).

bitmap: A graphic image stored as a pattern of dots (called pixels).

bits per second (bps): The speed at which data is transferred.

BNC connector: A round device shaped like a fat ring that locks maleand female connectors together. A BNC connector looks like a smallerversion of the connector at each end of your cable television cable.Installed at each end of a length of coaxial cable (also called 10Base-2 or thinnet), the BNC features a center pin (connected to the centerconductor inside the cable) and a metal tube (connected to the outer

cable shielding). The rotating ring on the metal tube turns to lock themale connector to the female connector. See also 10Base-2 cable.

boot: The process of starting the computer and loading the operatingsystem. Some people think the term originates from the adage “pullingoneself up by one’s bootstraps.”

brownout: A drop in electrical voltage that can destroy a variety ofcomputer components (hard drive, chips, and so on). You can preventbrownout damage by purchasing a voltage regulator. See also voltageregulator.

bus: A slot on your computer’s motherboard into which you insertcards, such as network interface cards. (technically), the name of theslot is expansion slot the bus is merely the data path along whichinformation flows to the card. Nowadays, the common computer jargonis bus.) See also NIC.

byte: The amount of memory needed to specify a single ASCIIcharacter (which is 8 bits). Kilobytes and megabytes are usually usedto describe the amount of memory a computer uses. See also kilobyte,megabyte.

cable modem: A modem that connects to your cable televisioncompany’s cable lines (but doesn’t interfere with TV transmissions).Cable modems are significantly faster than standard modems butaren’t yet widely available. Cable modem speeds are measured inmillions of bytes per second rather than in the thousands of bytes persecond common in standard modems. See also standard modem.

cache: Random access memory (RAM) that is set aside and used asa buffer between the CPU and either a hard disk or slower RAM. Theitems stored in a cache can be accessed quickly, speeding up the flowof data.

cascade: An arrangement of open program windows on the desktopso that they overlap each other, with the title bar of each window visible.

cascading menu: Also called a hierarchical menu or submenu. Amenu that is opened from another menu item. In Windows, a menuitem has an arrow that points to the right if the item opens a cascadingmenu.

CD-ROM (Compact Disc-Read Only Memory): Discs that containprograms or data. CD-ROMs can hold over 600 MB of data. You canonly read data on a CD-ROM; you cannot write (save) data.

CDRW (Compact Dlsc-Recordable/reWritable): Compat discs thatcan be re-written to multiple times.

centronics interface: The connector on a printer cable (called aparallel cable) that attaches to the printer.

check box: A small square box in a dialog box that can be selected orcleared to turn an option on or off. When the check box is selected, anX or a check mark appears in the box.

client: A computer that uses hardware and services on anothercomputer (called the host or server). Also called a workstation. Seealso client/server network, host.

client/server network: A network scheme in which a main computer(called the host or server) supplies files and peripherals shared by allthe other computers (called clients or workstations). Each user whoworks at a client computer can use the files and peripherals that are onhis individual computer (called the local computer) or on the server.See also client, host, local computer.

Clipboard: An area of memory devoted to holding data you cut orcopy, usually used to transfer data between applications or betweenparts of a data file. Typically, you transfer data to the Clipboard by usingan application’s Copy or Cut command, and you insert data from theClipboard by using the application’s Paste command.

cluster: A unit of data storage for hard or floppy disks. coaxial cable:See 10Base-2 cable.

COM port: Also called a serial port. A connector into which you canplug a serial device cable, usually a modem. Most PCs have two COMports: COMI and COM2.

computer name: A unique name assigned to a computer on a networkto differentiate that computer from other computers on the network.

concentrator: Also called a hub. The home base of a 10Base-Tnetwork to which all lengths of cable from the network computers areattached. (One end of each cable length attaches to the concentrator;

the other end of each length attaches to a computer’s network interfacecard.) See also 10Base-T cable, Nlc, star topology.

CPU (central processing unit): The chip that runs the computer.

default button: In some dialog boxes, a command button that isselected automatically if you press Enter. In most dialog boxes, thedefault button has a bold border to make it discernable.

defragment (or defrag): To take fragments of files and put themtogether so that every file on a hard drive has all of its contents in oneplace. Defragging makes opening files a much faster process becausethe operating system doesn’t have to look all over your hard drive forall the pieces of a file that you want to open.

device driver: Software that allows your operating system tocommunicate with hardware (such as network interface cards) orperipherals (such as printers). For example, a printer driver translatesinformation from the computer into information the printer canunderstand and manage. (Also called drivers.)

Dial-Up Networking: A feature in Windows that enables your modemto dial out and connect to a server, either on the Internet through anInternet service provider, or to a server in a company network.

directory: Part of the structure for organizing your files on a disk. Adirectory can contain files and other directories called subdirectories).In Windows, directories are usually called folders.

document: A data file that you create in a software program.

document window: A window within a software program that containsan open document. Most software written for Windows can have morethan one document window open at a time.

embedded network card: A network card built into a computer’smotherboard.

Ethernet: The most widely used of the several technologies availablefor cabling local area networks. See also LAN

evaluation software: A specially programmed version of commercialsoft- ware. The software may stop working after a certain amount of

time has elapsed or may be missing some features of the commercialversion. See also free ware, shareware.

expansion slot: A slot on your computer’s motherboard into which youinsert cards, such as network interface cards. See also bus.

extension: The period (.) and characters at the end of a filename. Anextension usually identifies the kind of information a file contains. Forexample, text files usually have the extension. txt, and Microsoft Wordfiles usually have the extension .doc.

FAT (File Allocation Table): An entry in the operating system thatacts like an index or a table of contents. The FAT keeps track of whereall the fragments of a file are stored on a drive.

file sharing: The ability to allow more than one user to access thesame file. Usually refers to software programs that are stored on anetwork fileserver.

firewall: Software that protects a computer on the Internet fromunauthorized, outside intrusion. Companies that have one or moreservers exposed to the Internet use firewalls to allow only authorizedemployees access to the servers.

fish: A tool designed for fishing cable. It’s made out of flexible, thin,steel tape that has a hook at the end. The tape rolls out of a container(like a measuring tape). A fish is used by electricians and is sold inhardware stores, but you can fashion a homemade version by untwistinga coat hanger and using the hook at the end of the hanger to grab thecable as you run it through your house.

freeware: Software that’s free, use it as much as you like withoutpaying anyone a dime. See also evaluation software, shareware.

gigabyte (GB): 1,000 megabytes.

gigahertz: 1,000 megahertz

GPF (General Protection Fault): Also known as a crash. In Windows,this means the memory protection feature has detected an illegalinstruction from a program, causing the program to crash, or stopfunctioning.

GUI (Graphical User Interface): Pronounced “goo-ey.” A way ofinteracting with a computer using graphics instead of text. GUls useicons, pictures, and menus to display information and accept inputthrough a mouse and a keyboard. For example, software windows thathave icons, and dialog boxes that have selection boxes, are GUIinterfaces.

Home Phone Line Networking Alliance: An association working toensure adoption of a single, unified home telephone line networkingstandard and to bring home telephone line networking technology tothe market.

host: The main computer on a client/server network that supplies thefiles and peripherals shared by all the other computers. Also called aserver. See also client/server network.

HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language): The language used to createWeb pages, it defines the location and characteristics of each elementon the Web page.

HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol): The protocol used fortransferring files to and from World Wide Web (WWW) sites.

Hub: See concentrator

IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics): A type of hard drive.

install: Not only to physically set up a device but also to set up the files(called drivers) that Windows needs to communicate with the device.See also device driver.

interrupt: A signal that a device sends to the computer when thedevice is ready to accept or send information. See also IRQ.

I/O (Input/Output): The process of transferring data to or from acomputer. Some I/O devices only handle input (keyboards and mice),some handle only output (printers), and some handle both (disks).

IP (Internet Protocol): The method by which data is sent from onecomputer to another computer on the Internet or on a network using theTCP/IP protocol.

IP address: A number that identifies a computer’s location on theInternet or on a network using the TCP/IP protocol.

IRQ (Interrupt Request): An assigned location in memory used by acomputer device to send information about its operation. Because thelocation is unique, the computer knows which device is interrupting theongoing process to send a message.

ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus: A standard bus that hasbeen used for a number of years. It’s a 16-bit slot, which means thatit sends 16 bits of data at a time between the motherboard and the card(and any device attached to the card). See also bus, motherboard, PCIbus.

ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) modem: A modem thatoffers faster transmission speeds than a standard modem. Thedrawback is that an ISDN modem is generally more expensive than astandard modem and requires a special ISDN phone line (which ismore expensive than a standard phone line).

ISP (Internet service provider): A company that provides Internetaccess to individuals and businesses.

Java: A programming language produced by Sun Microsystems. Javais used to provide services over the Web. A Web site can provide aJava application (called an applet), which you download and run onyour own computer.

JPEG: A format for graphic image files. JPEG images are usuallysmaller, due to compression features. However, the compressionfeatures are rather bad, so it may be difficult to reproduce the imageproperly.

jumper: A small piece of plastic in a network interface card that “jumps”across pins. Whether or not pins are “jumpered” determines IRQ andI/O settings for the NIC. See also I/O, IRQ, NIC.

keyboard buffer: An area in memory that keeps track of the keys youtyped, even if the computer did not immediately respond when youtyped them. If you hear a beep when you press a key, you’ve exceededthe size of the buffer.

kilobyte (K): 1,024 bytes. Used to describe the size of memory andhard drive storage.

LAN (local area network): Two or more computers connected to oneanother so that they can share information and peripherals.

laser printer: A printer that uses a laser beam to produce fast, high-quality output.

LCD (liquid crystal display): Technology used for laptop computerdisplays, as well as many other electronic devices.

local computer: The computer you sit in front of when you access aremote computer. See also remote computer.

local printer: A printer attached to the computer you’re using.

LPTl: The name used to refer to the first parallel port on a computer.The second parallel port, if one exists, is called LPT2.

map: To assign a drive letter to a shared resource on another computerto more easily access that shared resource. You can map anothercomputer’s drive, folder, or subfolder. The drive letter that you usebecomes part of the local computer’s set of drive letters. The drives youcreate are called network drives. See also local computer; networkdrive.

megabyte (MB): 1,024 kilobytes (approximately 1 million bytes).Usually abbreviated MB.

megahertz (MHz): The speed at which a computer runs (set by theprocessor).

MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface): The protocol forcommunication between electronic musical instruments and computers.

MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension): The standard fortransferring binary information (files other than plain text files) via e-mail.

modem: A communications device that enables a computer to transmitinformation over a telephone line.

modular duplex jack: A device that plugs into a telephone wall jackto convert that single telephone jack into two jacks so that you can plugin two phones, a phone and a modem, or in the case of a telephone linenetwork a telephone and a telephone line network cable. Also calleda splitter:

monochrome printer: A printer that prints in black and shades of gray.Some people call this a black-and-white printer, despite the fact that nowhite ink is involved.

motherboard: For a PC, a plane surface that holds all the basiccircuitry and the CPU.

multimedia PC: A PC that contains a CD-ROM drive, sound card, andspeakers.

multiprocessor: A computer system that uses more than one CPUrunning simultaneously for faster performance.

NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System): A software programthat permits applications to communicate with other computers thatare on the same cabled network.

network: Two or more computers connected to one another usingnetwork interface cards, cable, and networking software to communicateand exchange data. See also client/server network, LAN; NIC, peer-to-peer network.

network administrator: The person that is responsible for maintainingthe network, adding users, giving access permissions, etc.

network drive: A drive that is located somewhere other than your localcomputer. See also local computer.

network printer: A printer attached to a remote computer on thenetwork. (A printer attached to a local computer on the network is calleda local printer.) See also local printer.

network resource: A device located in a computer other than the localcomputer. See also local computer.

network-ready computers: A new breed of computers that havetelephone wiring adapters built into their motherboards for telephoneline networking, eliminating the need to install telephone line networkingNICs. See also motherboard, NIC.

NIC (network interface card): The primary hardware device for anetwork, a NIC attaches a computer to the network cable.

node: A connection point for distributing computer transmissions.Usually applied to computers that accept data from one computer andforward it to another computer.

OLE (Object Linking and Embedding): A software system thatallows programs to transfer and share information. When a change ismade to a shared object in the first program, any document in anyprogram that contains that object is automatically updated.

packet: A chunk of information, or data, sent over a network.

parallel port: A connection on a PC, usually named LPTI or LPT2,where you plug in a cable for a parallel device (usually a printer).

parent-child relationship: A hierarchy of shared resources with thefollowing rules: If a hard drive is shared, all the folders on that drive arealso shared. Folders are children of parent drives, and subfolders arechildren of parent folders. The most important thing to remember aboutthis parent-child scheme is that when you configure folders as shares,you also configure the files contained in those folders as shares, andall files are children (the folders that contain them are their parents).You can interrupt this inheritance factor by changing the configurationof a child to be either more restrictive or less restrictive than its parent.

pathname: In DOS, a statement that indicates a filename on a localcomputer. When you use a pathname, you tell your computer that thetarget folder is on the local computer. Anyone working at anothercomputer on the network must use a UNC statement to access thatfolder. See also local compute1; UNC.

PCI (peripheral Component Interconnect) bus: The PO bus is builtfor speed and is found in most new computers. It comes in twoconfigurations: 32-bit and 64-bit (32-bit means that the bus sends 32bits of data at a time between the motherboard and the card; 64-bitmeans that the bus sends 64 bits of data at a time). Its technology isfar more advanced and complicated than that of the ISA bus. See alsobus, ISA bus.

PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card Interface Adapter): Adevice for a laptop computer, such as a NIC or a modem, that workslike an expansion slot (bus) in a desktop computer. A PCMCIA card isabout the size of a credit card.

peer-to-peer network: A network in which all the computerscommunicate with each other communication isn’t limited to a clientand a server. See also client, client/server network, host, network.

peripheral: Any device connected to a computer: monitor, keyboard,removable drive, CD-ROM drive, scanner, speakers, and so on.

permission level: A setting that controls users’ access to sharedresources on a network. The person who creates a shared resourcedecides which type of permission level to grant, such as Read-Only,Full, or Depends on Password.

persistent connections: Mapped drives linked to a user (a logonname) rather than a computer. If multiple users share a computer, themapped drives that appear are those created by the user who iscurrently logged on. See also map.

Plug and Play: A software feature that reviews all the hardware in yourcomputer during startup. When a new Plug and Play hardwarecomponent is detected, the software installation procedure beginsautomatically.

POP (Post Office Protocol): A protocol that permits a user todownload e-mail from an e-mail server.

port: A connector located on the back of your computer into which youcan plug a peripheral, such as a keyboard, mouse, printer, and so on.

POST (Power-On Self-Test): The test of internal circuitry, memory,and installed hardware that a computer performs on itself when youturn it on.

print queue: The lineup of documents waiting to be printed.

print server: On a network, a computer to which a printer is attached.

print spooler: The place on your hard drive where printer jobs arelined up, waiting to be sent to the printer. See also print queue.

protocol: Standardized rules for transmitting information amongcomputers.

proxy server: A server that acts in place of a client computer. Forexample, a proxy server performs all the functions of a Web browserfor all the individual computers accessing the Internet. See also client.

queue: The lineup of documents waiting to be processed -for example,the print queue is the lineup of documents waiting to go to the printer.

RAM (random access memory): The memory used by the operatingsystem and software to perform tasks. The phrase random accessrefers to the ability of the processor to access any part of the memory.

Registry: A database that keeps track of the configuration options forsoftware, hardware, and other important elements of your Windowsoperating system.

remote computer: On a network, a computer other than the oneyou’re work ing on.

remote user: A user who’s accessing one computer but sitting in frontof another computer.

resolution: The number of dots (pixels) that make up an image on ascreen or printed document. The higher the resolution, the finer andsmoother the images appear.

RG-58 cable: The specific type of coaxial (10Base-2) cable used innetworks. See also 10Base-2 cable.

RJ-II connector: The connector at each end of a length of telephonecable for telephones and telephone line networking schemes.

RJ-45 connector: The connector at the end of 10Base-T cable thatlooks like (but isn’t) the connector at the end of a telephone cable. Seealso 10Base-T cable, RI-II connector.

root directory: A section of a hard drive that is not part of a directory(folder). The root directory holds files needed for booting.

screen saver: A moving picture or pattern that appears on your screenwhen you haven’t used the mouse or keyboard for a specified periodof time.

scroll: To move through data on the screen (up, down, left, or right) tosee parts of the data that cannot fit on the screen. You can use a variety

of scrolling tools to move through the screen, such as the scroll arrow,scroll bar, and scroll box.

separator page: See banner: server: See host.

shared resources: Drives, files, folders, printers, and other peripheralsattached to one computer on a network that have been configured foraccess by remote users on other computers on the network. See alsoremote user.

shareware: Software that you use under an honor system -if you tryit and like it, you should pay for it. See also evaluation software, freeware.

shielded twisted-pair cable: A type of 10Base-T cable. Metal encasesthe cable’s wires, lessening the possibility of interference from otherelectrical devices, radar, radio waves, and so on. See also 10Base-Tcable.

slot: See expansion slot.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol): The protocol used to transfere-mail between computers on the Internet. It is a server-ta-serverprotocol, so other protocols (like POP) are needed to transfer e-mail toa user’s computer.

sneakernet: The inconvenience you have when you don’t bothersetting up a network. With a sneakernet, information is exchangedbetween computers by copying files to a disk from one computer,walking to another computer and then loading the files from the disk tothe second computer.

splitter: See modular duplex jack.

standard modem: A modem whose speed is measured in thousandsof bytes per second (Kbps), which is also referred to as the baud rate33.6 and 56 Kbps are common. See also ADSL modem, cable modem,ISDN modem.

star topology: A 10Base-T network with multiple runs from theconcentrator to each computer on the network, forming an arrangementthat can resemble a star when several computers are used.

surge: A sudden spate of very high voltage that travels from theelectrical lines to your house and ultimately to your computer. A surgeprotector can help protect your computer equipment. See also surgeprotector.

surge protector: Also called a surge suppressor. A device thatprotects computers and other devices by absorbing the electricity ofpower surges.

system files: The files that Windows installs to make the operatingsystem run.

T connector: A T-shaped connector used to connect 10Base-2 to aNlC on a network without interrupting the cable run. See also 10Base-2 cable, NIC.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): A setof standardized rules for transmitting information. TCP/IP enablesMacintosh, IBM- compatible, UNIX, and other dissimilar computers tojump on the Internet and communicate with one another, as long aseach computer uses TCP/IP.

terminator: A device with BNC connectors that lets you “cap off” theempty crossbars of T-connectors at the beginning and end of alOBase-2 cable run. See also 10Base-2 cable, BNC connector; T-connector.

thinnet: See 10Base-2 cable.

topology: The way a network is laid out. See also star topology.twisted-pair cable: See 10Base-T cable.

UNC (Universal Naming Convention): A formatted style used toidentify a particular shared resource on a particular remote computer.The format is \ \computername \ resourcename. See also pathname.

unshielded twisted-pair cable: See 10Base-T cable.

UPS (uninterruptible power supply): A mega-battery that plugs intothe wall outlet. You plug your computer and monitor into the UPSoutlets. If power fails, your computer draws power from the battery togive you enough time to properly shut down your computer.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator): An address system used on theWorld Wide Web (WWW) to identify the location of a resource on theInternet. For example, www.hungryminds. com.

user profile: The computer environment that belongs to a particularuser. A profile lets you personalize your Windows desktop withoutrisking ruin of your decorative efforts when the next person logs on tothe computer.

virtual drive: A drive that doesn’t really exist -you add a new driveletter, but you don’t add any new physical drives to a computer. Seealso map.

voltage regulator: A device that constantly measures the voltagecoming out of the wall and brings it to an acceptable minimum to protectagainst brownouts. See also brownout.

Web interface (also known as a web browser): In Windows 98,Windows Me, Windows 2000, or Windows 95 with Internet Explorer 4.0installed, a graphical appearance that resembles the look of pages onthe World Wide Web.

wizard: An interactive program that walks you through a softwareinstallation process.

workgroup: The group to which the computers on a network belong.

workstation: See client.

WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get): The ability to displayon your monitor the same image that will appear on printed output.Pronounced “wizzy-wig. “

Y-Connector: An adapter shaped like the letter Y that connects twodevices to one input device.

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