astronomy: part 2. phases of the moon the moon passes through four major shapes during a cycle that...
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Astronomy: Part 2
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Phases of the Moon
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The Moon passes through four major shapes during a cycle
that repeats itself every 29.5 days. The phases always follow one another in the
same order:New moon
First quarterFull moon
Third quarterNew moon
Phases of the Moon
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• The lighted side of the moon faces away from the Earth.
• This means that the sun, Earth, and moon are almost in a straight line, with the moon in between the sun and the Earth.
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The right half of the Moon appears lighted and the left side of the Moon appears dark
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The lighted side of the moon faces the Earth and the Sun
The Earth, Sun, and moon are almost in a straight line, with the Earth in the middle
Photo by Robin Afinowich
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• Also called a last quarter moon.
• Only the left side of the moon appears lighted
• The next main phase will be a new moon again
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There are other phases that fall between the ones we already looked at
Like… Waxing cresent Waxing gibbous Waning gibbous Waning cresent
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Solar Eclipse Lunar Eclipse
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The moon gets between the sun and the Earth
So the moon’s shadow is cast on the Earth
Occurs during a new moon
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Occurs during a full moon
The Earth is between the Sun and the Moon
The Earth’s shadow is cast on the moon
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The moon is ¼ the size of the Earth or 3475 km in diameter (the Earth is 12,756 km in dia.)
Gravity is only 1/6 that of Earth – a 150lb man would weigh only 25lbson the moon
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Caused by impact from another moving body
The moon has many, the Earth only a few
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The light colored part of the moon are highlands
These contains the moon’s mountain ranges
The dark colored parts are called mare or maria – smooth areas of the moon
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These are long valleys or trenches found in the maria
Possibly caused by lava flows
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The Giant-Impact Theory: A Mars sized body slammed into the early Earth
What was knocked out formed the moon