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ABYN107 SURVIVING YEAR ONE – Final PBSd Script 10/13/14

The Futuro Media Group

America By the Numbers with Maria Hinojosa: Rochester, New YorkABYN107 “Surviving Year One” FINAL PBSd Script 10/13/14

TIME CODE

VIDEO AUDIO

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30 SEC TEASE:

B-ROLL OF CEMETERY

COUNSELING SESSION

B-ROLL OF MOTHER HOLDING CHILD

B-ROLL SASHA TATTOO

LAQUITTA INTERVIEW

B-ROLL OF ROCHESTER

DR. K IN HOSPITAL

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:UP NEXT, ROCHESTER NEW YORK… A CITY BATTLING INFANT MORTALITY…

SHERI HARRISON: It’s horrible here in Rochester I’m not even going to sit there and lie to you.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:…WITH BLACK AND LATINO FAMILIES AFFECTED THE MOST…

SASHA FONTANEZ: I put her to sleep and she never woke back up.

LAQUITTA HALL: The hardest part of it was to hold him in my arms while he was taking his last breaths.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:WHY ARE SO MANY BABIES OF COLOR DYING BEFORE THEIR FIRST BIRTHDAY?

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: Babies dying is real. It doesn’t get more real than that.

01:00:30:15

SERIES STANDUP MARIA HINOJOSA STAND-UP:THIS IS THE NEW AMERICA. BLACK, BROWN, ASIAN, LGBT, IMMIGRANTS. THE COUNTRY IS

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01:00:40:19

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01:00:51:18

01:00:55:13

01:01:01:18

01:01:04:15

GOING THROUGH A MAJOR DEMOGRAPHIC SHIFT AND THE NUMBERS SHOW IT.

LIZETTE WILLIAMS: The face of the U.S. has changed.

CHRISTINA IBANEZ: We’re American. We care about the same things. But yet we also want to preserve our culture.

GRAHAM THOMAS: I just see it destroying what we had planned to happen here.

MARIA HINOJOSA STAND-UP:BY 2043 WE WILL BE A MAJORITY NON-WHITE NATION.

NORM GISSEL: We are making as we speak a new America. And it's a marvelous moment in American history.

OMAR SHEKEY: Everybody’s voice is important to this debate.

MARIA HINOJOSA STAND-UP:AMERICA BY THE NUMBERS. I’M MARIA HINOJOSA.

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UNDERWRITING CREDITS

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W.K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION LOGO

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UNDERWRITING CREDITS V/O:THIS PROGRAM WAS MADE POSSIBLE, IN PART, BY:FORD FOUNDATION,

W.K. KELLOGG FOUNDATION,

DRUCKENMILLER FOUNDATION,

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01:01:17:16

01:01:20:10

01:01:22:10

01:01:24:19

THE CORPORATION FOR PUBLIC BROADCASTING LOGOA PRIVATE CORPORATION FUNDED BY THE AMERICAN PEOPLE CPB.ORG

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AND BY CONTRIBUTIONS TO YOUR PBS STATION FROM

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01:01:30:09

MARIA STANDUP MARIA HINOJOSA STAND-UP:BEHIND EVERY NUMBER, THERE’S A STORY. AND TODAYS NUMBERS TELL A DRAMATIC ONE.

01:01:36:02

01:01:43:09

01:01:50:02

METADATA GFX:

BAR CHART SHOWING DEATHS PER 1,000 BIRTHS FOR WHITES, AFRICAN AMERICANS, AND LATINOS.WHITE: 5.18PUERTO RICAN: 7.10NATIVE AMERICAN: 8.28BLACK: 11.46

WORD CLOUD

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:

AFRICAN AMERICAN BABIES ARE MORE THAN TWICE AS LIKELY TO DIE BEFORE THEIR FIRST BIRTHDAY AS WHITE BABIES.

NATIVE AMERICANS AND PUERTO RICANS ALSO HAVE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER RATES OF INFANT MORTALITY.

WHAT’S BEHIND THIS RACIAL DISPARITY?

01:01:53:22

ROCHESTER SKYLINE / STATUES OF DOUGLASS / ANTHONY

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:TO FIND OUT, I TRAVELLED TO ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, WHICH HAS SOME OF THE HIGHEST INFANT MORTALITY RATES IN THE COUNTRY.

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01:02:02:08

01:02:14:04

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:THE CITY WHERE FREDERICK DOUGLASS FOUGHT TO ABOLISH SLAVERY, AND SUSAN B. ANTHONY BATTLED FOR WOMEN’S RIGHTS, STILL STRUGGLES WITH STRIKING INEQUALITIES.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:THE LARGELY WHITE SUBURBS ARE HOME TO THOSE WHO WORK IN ROCHESTER’S CUTTING EDGE HOSPITALS AND BUSINESSES.

01:02:21:09

01:02:29:13

GFX1:ROCHESTER POVERTY MAP40% OR MORE50% OR MORE60% OR MORE

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:BUT THE CITY ITSELF – OVER 50% AFRICAN AMERICAN AND LATINO -- IS ONE OF THE POOREST IN THE ENTIRE COUNTRY.

IN CERTAIN PARTS OF THE INNER CITY THE POVERTY RATE IS AS HIGH AS 70 PERCENT.

01:02:35:15

B-ROLL BOARDED UP HOUSES, ETC.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:THIS AREA IS HOME TO 27 PERCENT OF THE CITY’S RESIDENTS, BUT 80 PERCENT OF THE CITY’S HOMICIDES.

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01:02:43:06

01:02:45:19

01:02:47:09

MARIA AND SASHA ON PORCH

LOWER-THIRD:SASHA FONTANEZ

SASHA FONTANEZ: There be like so much shootin’ and stuff. I don’t like it.

MARIA HINOJOSA: Shooting, right around these corners?

SASHA FONTANEZ: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. They shoot every day. Somebody just got shot the other day up the street, around the corner.

01:02:55:0 SEE KIDS RUNNING MARIA HINOJOSA VO:

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6 AROUND, MARIA AND SASHA WALKING DOWN SIDEWALK W. WHALLIE

SASHA FONTANEZ IS PUERTO RICAN. SHE GREW UP HERE, ONE OF NINE CHILDREN. SHE DIDN'T FINISH HIGH SCHOOL, AND AT 18 HAD HER FIRST BABY, WHALLIE -- NOW A HEALTHY 2 YEAR OLD.

01:03:08:05

STILL PIC OF SASHA HOLDING NEWBORN ANNIE BANNIE

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:SASHA’S SECOND DAUGHTER, ANNIE, WAS BORN THE FOLLOWING YEAR. SHE WAS HEALTHY, BUT SASHA HAD A HARD TIME GETTING HER TO SLEEP.

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SASHA FONTANEZ: The only way she’ll stay asleep was if I put her on her stomach. If I lay her flat on her back, she wouldn’t stay sleep. She’ll just be cryin’ and cryin.’ And as soon as I flipped her over she’ll stop crying.

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EXTERIOR OF HOUSE MARIA HINOJOSA VO:THEN ONE NIGHT, TRAGEDY STRUCK.

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SASHA FONTANEZ: I put her to sleep and she never woke back up.

MARIA HINOJOSA: How old was she?

SASHA FONTANEZ: Three months. Five days before she turned four months.

MARIA HINOJOSA: Tell me what happened.

SASHA FONTANEZ: She woke up cryin’, like, around 12 somethin,’ so I took her back out, um, the crib and I put her next to me. And I was breastfeeding her, like, I laid her on the bed and I just breastfeed her.

01:03:55:0 EMPTY BEDROOM MARIA HINOJOSA VO:

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1 THE NEXT THING SASHA REMEMBERS IS BEING AWAKENED BY THE SOUND OF HER OLDER DAUGHTER CRYING IN THE NEXT ROOM. SHE TOLD HER BOYFRIEND TO GET WHALLIE, THEN SHE REACHED FOR BABY ANNIE, WHO WAS LYING NEXT TO HER, FACE DOWN.

01:04:08:21

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SASHA FONTANEZ: When I touched her leg, it felt hard, so I thought it was, I was just, I thought I was just, like, dreamin’ or somethin’, ‘cause I just finished wakin’ up. But I wasn’t. When I flipped her over she had, like, grey patches in her face and stuff. And I tried to give her CPR but it wouldn’t work. And then I call 9-1-1, and they took forever to get here, and then they told me that she was dead. I already knew that, though, ‘cause she wasn’t breathin’, duh, that’s what I kept tellin’ them.

SASHA FONTANEZ: And then the police were in my house, like, takin’ pictures and all this stuff. Then they tried to say I suffocated her, I laid on her and all this other stuff.

01:04:48:14


CEMETERY – CHILDREN’S SECTION

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:

THE CAUSE OF ANNIE’S DEATH WAS SIDS – SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME – A CATCHALL FOR DEATHS THAT REMAIN UNEXPLAINED AFTER AN INVESTIGATION.

01:04:59:01

GFX 2:INFANT MORTALITYTOP 3 CAUSESBIRTH DEFECTS: 4,984PRE-TERM BIRTH: 4,116

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:FOR THE 24,000 BABIES WHO DIE EACH YEAR IN THE U.S. BEFORE REACHING THEIR FIRST BIRTHDAY, SIDS IS THE THIRD LEADING

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SIDS: 1,711 CAUSE–- BEHIND BIRTH DEFECTS AND PRETERM BIRTH.

01:05:13:23

SASHA SHOWS MARIA TATOO

SASHA FONTANEZ: That’s Annie Bannie’s name. It got the day she was born and the day she passed.

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01:05:27:01

01:05:28:03

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MARIA WALKING INSIDE HOUSE

SASHA SHOWS MARIA PHOTOS OF ANNIE

SASHA FONTANEZ: I got a picture of her here, that's when she was like probably like three weeks.

MARIA HINOJOSA: Yeeeah, ay dios mio!

SASHA FONTANEZ: That's my peanut, that's her up there.

MARIA HINOJOSA: That's her?

SASHA FONTANEZ: Yeah, all these pictures is her.

01:05:34:22

PHOTOS OF ANNIE ON WALL MARIA HINOJOSA VO:BABY ANNIE HAD SEVERAL RISK FACTORS FOR SIDS. SASHA WAS UNDER TWENTY WHEN SHE HAD HER, AND OCCASIONALLY SMOKED CIGARETTES. ANNIE SLEPT ON HER STOMACH, AND SOMETIMES SLEPT IN HER PARENTS’ BED.

01:05:47:21

SASHA SHOWING MARIA PICTURES

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:BUT SIDS IS BY DEFINITION UNEXPLAINED… SO THE ACTUAL CAUSE OF ANNIE’S DEATH REMAINS UNCERTAIN.

01:05:55:15

SASHA SHOWING MARIA PICTURES

SASHA FONTANEZ: That's like a week or so before she passed. They told me there was nothing wrong with

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her. She just passed away in her sleep.

01:06:09:19

01:06:21:12

01:06:24:08

01:06:34:08

01:06:38:17

STRONG MEMORIAL HOSPITAL EXTERIOR & INTERIOR. NEWBORNS IN COTS.

DR. K PORTRAIT.

LOWER THIRD:DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI THE CHILDREN’S AGENDA

MARIA WALKS WITH DR. K IN HOSPITAL CORRIDOR.

NEWBORNS B-ROLL

SIT-DOWN INTERVIEW WITH DR. K AND MARIA

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:TO LOOK MORE DEEPLY INTO THE DEATH OF ANNIE AND THE TENS OF THOUSANDS OF BABIES WHO DIE IN THE U.S. EACH YEAR, I VISITED DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI, A PEDIATRICIAN AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER MEDICAL CENTER, KNOWN AS “DR. K.”

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:FOR HIS FIRST SEVEN YEARS HERE, DR. K. WORKED IN THE EMERGENCY ROOM, TREATING SICK AND INJURED CHILDREN – MANY OF THEM FROM SASHA’S NEIGHBORHOOD.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:HE SHARED WITH ME SOME OF HIS DARKEST MOMENTS IN THE E.R.

Dr. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: I remember an evening working the-the night shift and a young child, maybe about, um, a month and a half old who had been an ex-premature baby, um, came in to the hospital by ambulance. And, uh, we did everything we could to try and resuscitate the baby and, uh, and he died. And, uh, the memories I have of the emergency department are many but, um, some of the most vivid memories are about, um, babies dying.

01:07:11:05

DRIVING WITH DR. K / SHOTS OUT CAR WINDOW ON FATAL CRESCENT

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:EXPERIENCES LIKE THIS INSPIRED DR. K TO SHIFT HIS FOCUS FROM THE E.R. TO THE SURROUNDING NEIGHBORHOODS.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:

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01:07:18:08

HE FOUNDED THE CHILDREN’S AGENDA, AN ADVOCACY GROUP FOR AT-RISK KIDS, AND NOW WORKS ON REDUCING THE IMPACT OF POVERTY ON INFANT MORTALITY.

01:07:28:00

DR. K AND MARIA DRIVE AROUND IN CAR

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: We’re now in the southwest neighborhoods. You see lots of boarded up houses, lots of kids out on the street, nowhere to play, climbing, uh, on a porch with a boarded up house.

01:07:38:22

B-ROLL OF CRESCENT MARIA HINOJOSA V/O:IN PARTS OF THIS CITY, OVER 50% OF ADULTS HAVE NOT GRADUATED HIGH SCHOOL... UNEMPLOYMENT IS OVER 40 PERCENT… AND THE CRIME RATE IS NEARLY THREE TIMES THE NATIONAL AVERAGE.

01:07:50:13

DR. K AND MARIA DRIVE AROUND IN CAR

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: People think about health as you go to the doctor’s office and you get it. Um, that’s not the case. Health is more than medical care, it’s much more than medical care. It’s about the community that we live in, it’s about the opportunities that people have.

01:08:02:08

01:08:09:06

B-ROLL MOTHERS AND BABIES IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD, MARIA WITH A MOM AND BABY

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:YOUNG MOTHERS HERE ARE UNDER TREMENDOUS STRESS TO KEEP THEIR CHILDREN SAFE, AND PROVIDE SHELTER AND FOOD.

90% OF ROCHESTER’S CHILDREN ARE POOR ENOUGH TO QUALIFY FOR FREE SCHOOL LUNCHES.

01:08:15:22

B-ROLL CRESENT COMMUNITY / DR. K WITH MARIA IN CRESENT RESIDENTIAL AREA

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: What country do we live in? The wealthiest country in the history of the world and we have 90 percent of kids in

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Rochester who have to struggle to get enough food to eat?

01:08:26:18

DR. K & MARIA WALKING DOWN STREET IN THE CRESENT

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:DR. K BELIEVES THAT THESE CUMULATIVE STRESSES ON MOTHERS AND THEIR CHILDREN ARE A MAJOR FACTOR IN INFANT MORTALITY.

01:08:34:22

01:08:46:06

GFX 4:GLOBAL INFANT MORTALITY RATELIST SCROLLING WITH THE LOWEST RATE AT THE TOP. STOPS ON USA AT 56TH. STOPS AT ROCHESTER AT 95TH.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:EVEN THOUGH THE U.S. SPENDS MORE ON HEALTH CARE THAN ANY OTHER COUNTRY – OVER $3 TRIILLION A YEAR -- WE RANK 56TH IN THE WORLD WHEN IT COMES TO INFANT MORTALITY.

AND IF ROCHESTER WERE A COUNTRY, IT WOULD BE EVEN FURTHER DOWN THE LIST, IN 95TH PLACE.

01:08:54:00

DR. K & MARIA WALKING DOWN STREET IN THE CRESENT

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: The numbers have not gotten better in Rochester in a decade. Twice as many babies get lost in the city of Rochester, some years three times as many babies in the city of Rochester than in the outside community, and it’s because of this environment. This is real. I mean babies dying is real. It doesn’t get more real than that.

01:09:12:23

01:09:17:08

MARIA SITTING IN ON CONSELLING SESSION

LOWER-THIRD:CEMRE KORMANHEALTHY MOMS

CEMRE KORMAN: Last week we talked about stress, how we cope with our stress. What are some of the healthy ways we use, what are some of the not so healthy ways.

01:09:21:21

B-ROLL OF CONSELLING SESSION

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:IN COUNSELLING SESSIONS WITH PREGNANT WOMEN HERE, THE STRESS LEVEL IS HIGH.

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01:09:26:11

01:09:27:21

01:09:30:12

01:09:39:0201:09:39:15

01:09:57:07

WOMEN SPEAKING AT CONSELLING SESSION

LOWER-THIRD:SHERI HARRISON

LOWER-THIRD:LETOYA PALMO

MARIA HINOJOSA: What do you worry about?

SHERI HARRISON: There’s no jobs here. There’s no, like, community centers where… for kids… youth centers where they can be comfortable and go. You have little gangs out here, kids carrying guns. It’s, it’s a lot.

LETOYA PALMO: I’m going through a lot of stuff, like it’s just me really by myself. My grandmother is the only real support, like with my other son that I have. I don’t know if it just be me, just all that be compounding together sometimes, but majority of the time it will wake me up out of my sleep, and my heart will just be racing really fast.

SHERI HARRISON: In my neighborhood where I live at it’s horrible. I turn on the news, breaking news, right…the street next over a girl…they are shooting out there. Women are shooting at each other. It’s horrible here in Rochester I’m not even going to sit there and lie to you. It really is. It’s sad.

01:10:12:07

B-ROLL OF ROCHESTER MARIA HINOJOSA VO:EXPERTS HAVE LONG CONNECTED INFANT MORTALITY TO POVERTY AND THE PROBLEMS THAT GO WITH IT, INCLUDING VIOLENCE AND POOR NUTRITION. BUT THEY ARE JUST BEGINNING TO UNDERSTAND THAT THERE COULD BE A BIOLOGICAL LINK…

01:10:25:23

B-ROLL OF DR. WANDA MARIA HINOJOSA VO:DR. WANDA BARFIELD HEADS THE DIVISION OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AT THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL IN ATLANTA.

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01:10:32:14

01:10:37:20

SIT DOWN INTERVIEW WITH DR. BARFIELD

LOWER THIRD:DR. WANDA BARFIELDCENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL

B-ROLL OF NEW MOTHER WITH NURSE AND BABIES IN HOSPITAL

DR. WANDA BARFIELD: What we understand now in terms of the research is that there are circumstances labeled as toxic stress, where there is prolonged stress, either due to an adverse home environment — substance abuse or violence by a caregiver — other circumstances that are relentless. And the stress response areas in a pregnant women occur both in her own system as well as the baby, as well as the placenta, which also has an ability to respond to stress with cortisol.

01:11:08:21

GFX 5:PREGNANT WOMAN ANATOMY WITH STRESS HORMONES CIRCULATING BETWEEN BRAIN AND PLACENTA

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:IN CHRONICALLY STRESSED WOMEN, STRESS HORMONES CONTINUALLY CIRCULATE FROM THE BRAIN TO THE PLACENTA AND BACK TO THE BRAIN, IN A FEEDBACK LOOP THAT AMPLIFIES THE BODY’S STRESS RESPONSE, AND CAN TRIGGER EARLY LABOR.

01:11:25:13

MARIA AND DR. K IN HOSPITAL

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:DR. K BELIEVES THAT TOXIC STRESS GOES A LONG WAY TOWARD EXPLAINING THE HIGH RATE OF INFANT MORTALITY IN ROCHESTER’S INNER CITY…

01:11:33:18

01:11:46:15

MARIA SIT DOWN INTERVIEW WITH DR. K

MARIA HINOJOSA: Define this term that you use, “toxic stress.” Because everybody in this country has stress, you’re talking about a kind of stress that is toxic and that can lead to infant mortality.

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: That’s right.

01:11:47:12

MARIA SIT DOWN INTERVIEW WITH DR. K

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: There is stress that gets overwhelming. And

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beyond that, there is stress that becomes toxic. When you feel like you don’t have any help, when you feel like no one cares, when you feel like no one is there for me. Toxic stress can increase the risk of pre-term delivery, the main driver of infant mortality in the United States.

01:12:12:10

B-ROLL OF NEW PARENTS IN HOSPITAL

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: All of these things that are associated with poverty that are wrapped up together. Sometimes, those things result in babies dying. Neuroscientists, cognitive scientists, pediatricians, researchers have looked at this issue and it is absolutely the case.

01:12:29:13

01:12:31:07

01:12:36:06

INTERVIEW SHOT OF LAQUITTA AND ESZABIA / PHOTO OF LAQUITTA WITH BABY

LOWER THIRD:LAQUITTA HALL

LOWER-THIRD:ESZABIA JOHNSON

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:LAQUITTA HALL LIVES WITH HER PARTNER ESZABIA JOHNSON. IN 2010, SHE WAS PREGNANT AND UNDER TREMENDOUS STRESS FROM A VIOLENT EX-BOYFRIEND.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:HER BABY, NATHAN, WAS BORN PREMATURELY AFTER ONLY 23 WEEKS IN THE WOMB, AND WEIGHED LESS THAN TWO POUNDS.

01:12:47:04

01:12:52:12

01:12:53:20

MARIA SIT DOWN INTERVIEW WITH ESZABIA AND LAQUITTA

ESZABIA JOHNSON: I never carried a baby that small before. He was a tiny, tiny baby.

MARIA HINOJOSA: Can you show me in your hands?

ESZABIA JOHNSON: Like, if I hold him, he’s from here to here. I’m used to holding a baby in my arms like this, not like this. Like he was in my hand like this, but, and, but he was the beautifulest thing though. Beautifulest thing.

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01:13:06:09

GFX 6:% OF BABIES BORN PREMATURELYWHITE: 10.2%LATINO: 11.3%NATIVE AMERICAN: 13.0%BLACK: 16.3%

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:PRETERM BIRTH IS FAR MORE FREQUENT AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS THAN OTHER GROUPS, AND IS THE MAIN REASON FOR THEIR HIGHER RATE OF INFANT MORTALITY.

01:13:16:03


LAQUITTA HALL: He was fully developed except for his lungs. So he needed help. I think he had about three machines. They all were at the max with air. And he held on as long as he could.

01:13:30:08

B-ROLL OF HOSPITAL MARIA HINOJOSA VO:BABY NATHAN SPENT TWO WEEKS ON LIFE SUPPORT IN THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT.

01:13:36:09

01:13:52:14

01:14:07:13


LAQUITTA HALL: I remember, um, that morning he wasn’t doing so well because his oxygen levels were getting low. I just went in and they had him on the bed trying to resuscitate him.

And they took the breathing tube out to let me hold him. And he’s just staring at me in my eyes. And he just, I can’t do anything, I’m just hold him and look at him.

The hardest part of it was to hold him in my arms while he was taking his last breaths.

01:14:19:05

LAQUITTA TAKING OUT MEMORY BOX

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:AS PART OF AN EFFORT TO SUPPORT GRIEVING MOTHERS LIKE LAQUITTA, THE UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTR MEDICAL CENTER GIVES THEM “MEMORY BOXES.”

01:14:27:13

LAQUITTA TALKING ABOUT MEMORY BOX

LAQUITTA HALL: It has uh, all of his little things, this is his picture.

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01:14:30:16

01:14:34:01

01:14:36:10

01:14:40:00

LAQUITTA INTERVIEW

MARIA HINOJOSA: Oh my goodness.

LAQUITTA HALL: He looks big.

MARIA HINOJOSA: He looks big but he was really tiny.

LAQUITTA HALL: And I accept that we live and we die. And he was just an angel that was called back.

01:14:51:16

01:15:00:14

01:15:15:04

B-ROLL NEIGHBORHOOD – HOSPITAL EXT.

MARIA “RETURNS” TO SASHA’S HOUSE

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:EXPERTS LIKE DR. K AND DR. BARFIELD SAY THAT EVEN FULL-TERM BABIES CAN BE IMPAIRED BY THEIR MOTHER’S STRESS LEVELS DURING PREGNANCY.

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: Um, toxic stress can affect babies in the mother’s womb and it can affect babies, who are, born as well, their long term outcomes carrying that forward in terms of their health trajectory.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:SO I WENT BACK TO SASHA FONTANEZ TO FIND OUT MORE ABOUT WHAT WAS GOING ON IN HER LIFE WHEN SHE HAD ANNIE, THE BABY SHE LOST TO SIDS.

01:15:23:16

01:15:25:00

01:15:25:15

01:15:26:0

MARIA W/ SASHA WALKING

MARIA AND SASHA INTERVIEW IN HOUSE

SASHA WITH WHALLIE IN HOUSE

SASHA FONTANEZ: A lot of stress, yeah.

MARIA HINOJOSA: A lot of stress?

SASHA FONTANEZ: Yeah.

MARIA HINOJOSA: What kind of stress?

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4

01:15:27:01

01:15:49:13

01:15:52:03

01:15:57:07

SASHA AND WHALLIE PORTRAIT

SASHA FONTANEZ: Not having a job, not being able to just get her whatever she needed at the time and the place. I was doing everything I had to filling out applications, going to interviews and everything. And nobody would hire me. Just because I didn't have a GED or high school diploma. And I would be without eating. I'd go down to my mama house and eat, but then I'd make sure they'd have like their milk, their diapers, their wipes, and everything they needed before I even had to eat.

MARIA HINOJOSA: So are you saying that there were some times…

SASHA FONTANEZ: Where I didn't eat to feed my kids? Yes.

SASHA FONTANEZ: I couldn't do anything for my kid. Like I was bringing kids into the world but I wasn't going to be able to take care of them. Like that was hard.

01:16:04:22

SASHA AND MARIA TALKING IN HOUSE

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:THERE’S NO SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENT YET FOR TOXIC STRESS -- AND WE MAY NEVER KNOW WHAT CAUSED THE DEATH OF BABY ANNIE – BUT I WAS STRUCK BY HOW MUCH SASHA’S DESCRIPTION MATCHED THE ONES GIVEN BY DR. BARFIELD AND DR. K.

01:16:19:22

MARIA AND SASHA IN HOUSE

SASHA FONTANEZ: It was just so much building up. I use to get angry and use to sit down and cry for hours. So that was hard.

01:16:29:20

SASHA SHOWS MARIA ANNIE’S CLOTHES

SASHA FONTANEZ: That’s like her blankets and pants and her onesies.

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01:16:33:23

SASHA TAKING OUT MEMORABILIA

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:SASHA IS STILL TRAUMATIZED BY THE DEATH OF BABY ANNIE…

01:16:37:21

SASHA AND MARIA ON PORCH

SASHA FONTANEZ: I still got her blankets, I got everything… I didn’t throw nothin’ away.

01:16:46:07

MARIA AND SASHA IN HOUSE LOOKING AT ANNIE’S CLOTHES

SASHA FONTANEZ: I wanted to keep everything that was hers. Kept everything.

01:16:55:01

01:16:59:14

01:17:01:21


SASHA FONTANEZ: the way the baby passed away, like, that, like, messed my head up.

MARIA HINOJOSA: Can you tell me about that?

SASHA FONTANEZ: Like, I rarely sleep. I watch everybody, make sure everybody breathin’ and stuff. Because I be scared. I be watchin’ them sleep and stuff and I be feelin’ like I make myself, like paranoid. like, what if I go to sleep and I wake up and my daughter’s passed away, too?

01:17:21:12

ROCHESTER SKYLINE AT TWILIGHT

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS HERE ARE FOCUSING MORE AND MORE ON WAYS TO REDUCE TOXIC STRESS IN YOUNG MOTHERS AT RISK…

01:17:29:15

YOGA CLASS YOGA INSTRUCTOR: Arms go up deep inhale, and then exhale draw in.

01:17:34:22

YOGA CLASS B-ROLL MARIA HINOJOSA VO:THIS INNER CITY MEDICAL PRACTICE OFFERS COUNSELING AND YOGA AS PART OF THEIR PRENATAL CARE.

01:17:40:2 YOGA CLASS YOGA INSTRUCTOR: Coming here

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1

01:17:49:10

01:17:55:14

LOWER THIRD:CARMEN LEBRON

LOWER THIRD:ANNE-MARIE BLANCHARD

really just separates you from whatever is going on at home, and we try our best to distress you.

DR. BLANCHARD: De-stress not distress.

YOGA INSTRUCTOR: Eso mismo! (That’s what I meant!)

01:17:59:05

CASE WORKER WITH FAMILY IN HOME

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:BABY LOVE – A COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAM OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER MEDICAL CENTER – FEATURES HOME VISITS BY HEALTH PROFESSIONALS TO PREGNANT WOMEN AND NEW MOTHERS AT RISK.

01:18:09:18

01:18:11:05

01:18:11:15

01:18:12:06

01:18:12:18

01:18:13:0801:18:13:12

01:18:15:17

CASE WORKER WITH FAMILY IN HOME

LOWER-THIRD:DEIDRE BROCKINGTON

LOWER-THIRD:TRELAWNEY MCCOYBABY LOVE

TRELAWNEY MCCOY: What time that appointment?

DEIRDRE BROCKINGTON: 11 o’clock.

TRELAWNEY MCCOY: 11?

DEIRDRE BROCKINGTON: Yes

TRELAWNEY MCCOY: OK. You gonna’ need transportation?

DEIRDRE BROCKINGTON: Yes

TRELAWNEY MCCOY: OK.

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01:18:16:17

01:18:17:18

B-ROLL OF HOSPITAL MARIA HINOJOSA VO:AND HEALTHY MOMS, FORMERLY KNOWN AS HEALTHY START TAKES A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH…

01:18:23:23

01:18:30:19

CLINIC B-ROLL

ALISE GINTNER INTERVIEW WITH MARIA

LOWER THIRD:ALISE GINTNERHEALTHY MOMS

CLINIC B-ROLL

ALISE GINTNER: We provide a lot of intensive case management services that focus on providing um, basic needs. Food, clothing, shelter, and then we also have a job training program for our moms that are parenting, where we teach them the job skills that they need so that they can gain paid employment, or go back to school for a degree. Maybe finishing their high school diploma, or um, getting a college degree and then it gives them a path out of poverty so that they can have a better life for themselves and their children.

01:18:55:10

YOLANDA APPROACHES CAR

YOLANDA SAYRES: My name is Yolanda. My name and number is on the bottom. If you know someone that doesn’t have medical insurance, we can help them get either free or low cost insurance.

01:19:02:21

01:19:04:02

B-ROLL YOLANDA WALKING THE STREET

LOWER THIRD:YOLANDA SAYRESPERINATAL NETWORK

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:YOLANDA SAYRES IS THE OUTREACH COORDINATOR FOR THE PERINATAL NETWORK OF MONROE COUNTY, A NON-PROFIT THAT HELPS AT-RISK WOMEN GET ACCESS TO PRENATAL CARE.

01:19:12:09

CU YOLANDA FEET -PULLING SUITCASE / APPROACHES MOM

YOLANDA SAYRES: Hi, how are you? Can I give you a flyer

01:19:15:0 MARIA AND YOLANDA YOLANDA SAYRES: I actually call

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6 TALKING ON STREET

B-ROLL YOLANDA TALKING TO WOMEN

myself a foot solider to where I am out in the community, walking the streets targeted neighborhoods, where I know there is a high infant mortality rate. Talking to anyone that will talk to me, to let them know about different programs that the City of Rochester offers to try to help reduce infant mortality, so that mom can have the best, healthiest pregnancy that she can have.

01:19:36:14

YOLANDA IN HAIR GALLERIA TALKING TO WOMAN

YOLANDA SAYRES:A healthy baby begins with you so if you have any questions about anything. Remember what I said about the prenatal vitamins, making sure that you’re taking those. Don’t hesitate to give me a call. And I have my card and everything.

01:19:48:22

01:19:54:18

01:19:55:15

01:19:57:00

MARIA AND YOLANDA TALKING ON STREET

B-ROLL YOLANDA AT BOOTH AT HAIR GALLERIA

MARIA HINOJOSA: So, your sense is that on the ground, women want the help.

YOLANDA SAYRES: They want the help.

MARIA HINOJOSA: What are the barriers?

YOLANDA SAYRES: There’s so many barriers - they don’t know how to communicate with their doctor, transportation to get to a doctor’s appoint or they’re intimidated by the doctors alone.

01:20:07:16

YOLANDA TALKING TO WOMAN AT HAIR GALLERIA

YOLANDA SAYRES: …on the other hand, I can help out with car seats, parenting classes for you and for Dad, baby clothes. And maybe having a rough month, baby formula and diapers as well…

01:20:20:00

MARIA AND YOLANDA TALKING ON STREET

YOLANDA SAYRES: So, having that conversation with them right here, on

20


the street, finding out what their need is, I can assess as to best possible referral service that I can do.

01:20:30:08

YOLANDA POUNDING THE PAVEMENT

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:YOLANDA IS ONE OF ONLY TWO FOOT SOLDIERS IN THE NEIGHBORHOOD. TOGETHER, THEY HELP CONNECT OVER 500 WOMEN A YEAR WITH SUPPORT SERVICES…BUT OUTREACH IS ONLY HALF THE BATTLE…THE OTHER HALF IS RESOURCES…

01:20:44:18

HEALTHY START B-ROLL MARIA HINOJOSA VO:THE HEALTHY MOMS PROGRAM CAN SERVE ONLY A SMALL FRACTION OF THE ROUGHLY 3000 WOMEN FROM ROCHESTER’S INNER CITY WHO GIVE BIRTH EACH YEAR.

01:20:54:22

MARIA AND ALISA AT HEALTHY START

ALISE GINTNER: We've got a bigger need for services than we're able to meet, and it's not just my program, I think it's all of our perinatal partners in Rochester. Um, that there's more moms out there then we have the ability to reach.

01:21:09:21

B-ROLL OF MOMS PLAYING WITH THEIR KIDS.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:FOR YOUNG MOTHERS ABLE TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF ROCHESTER’S PRENATAL PROGRAMS, THE RESULTS ARE OFTEN DRAMATIC… NAYDA BONES DIDN’T REALIZE SHE WAS PREGNANT UNTIL THE FOURTH MONTH… AND UNTIL THEN SHE’D BEEN DRINKING SOCIALLY.

01:21:22:16

MARIA AT TABLE WITH NAYDA

LOWERTHIRD:

NAYDA BONES: No, I wasn't aware of it, because I was having a period.

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01:21:24:12

NAYDA BONES

01:21:25:16


MARIA HINOJOSA VO: NAYDA GOT A REFERRAL TO THE HOSPITAL WHERE DR. K WORKS.

01:21:29:07

01:21:31:23

01:21:32:12

01:21:54:21

01:21:58:17


B-ROLL NAYDA PLAYING WITH SON

NAYDA BONES: Once I found out I was- right in the hospital.

MARIA HINOJOSA: Every week, every other?

NAYDA BONES: Every week. Every week. Finding out if he was okay, since I was drinkin' for the first four months of bein' pregnant. Like I just didn't know whether he was gonna have mental issues, or be deformed, And I was really scared. I didn't know what to do. But then, Planned Parenthood did direct me to the hospital, where they helped me. And I did find out he was gonna be okay.

MARIA HINOJOSA: What were the things that you learned when you were seeing your doctor?

NAYDA BONES: They just told us what to eat, they gave us medicine to take care of the baby. They told us a lot. Like, you know don't lift, you know, just be careful. 'Cause I, I worked through the nine months of my pregnancy.

01:22:10:06

01:22:18:2

GFX 7:INFANT MORTALITY, 2001-2011DEATHS PER 1,000 BIRTHSBAR GRAPH PLOTTING U.S. AND ROCHESTER RATES

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:INFANT MORTALITY IN THE U.S. HAS DROPPED 12% SINCE 2005. WITH THE BIGGEST IMPROVEMENT AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS.

ROCHESTER’S RATE, BY

22


1 CONTRAST, HAS NOT SHOWN SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT IN OVER A DECADE.

01:22:26:12

GROUP PORTRAIT: WOMEN & THEIR BABIES

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:BUT FOR THESE MOMS AND CHILDREN, THE OUTLOOK IS BRIGHTER…

01:22:31:13

B-ROLL NADYA AND KADEN / INTV

NAYDA BONES: He's e- s- my dude. [LAUGH] He's my friend. I love him. I would never change that. And I'm glad I took that decision to have my son.

01:22:40:13

01:22:46:12

GROUP INTERVIEW

LOWERTHIRD:ZULEIKA REYES

INTERCUT B-ROLL

ZULEIKA REYES: I-I wanna keep him focused. And I want education. I want him to go further than what I did. The streets is not an option, at all. [LAUGH]

01:22:54:10

01:23:00:21

MARIA SIT DOWN INTERVIEW WITH LAQUITTA AND ESZABIA

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:AFTER THE LOSS OF NATHAN, THEIR PREMATURE BABY, LAQUITTA AND ESZABIA CONCEIVED AGAIN.

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:THIS TIME THEY GOT COMPREHENSIVE PRE-NATAL CARE FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER’S “BABY LOVE” PROGRAM…

01:23:06:22


ESZABIA JOHNSON: They made her stay in the hospital because, because they felt as if that was the best thing for her to do to um, to have a baby long-term. And, and honestly I think that's what saved our baby.

01:23:18:11


LAQUITTA HALL: After 23 weeks I was amazed, because that was my last stop for my last pregnancy. Every week after 23 weeks were like getting a million dollars.

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01:23:32:10

LAQUITTA AND FAMILY PORTRAIT SHOT

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:LAQUITTA CARRIED HER BABY A FULL NINE MONTHS BEFORE GOING INTO LABOR…

01:23:37:02

01:23:41:20


ESZABIA JOHNSON: Oh my God, it, it was, it was so exciting, so exciting.

LAQUITTA HALL: I was just standing there like, is this my baby? [LAUGH] Like I can't believe that he's here and I put my finger in his hand and he, as soon as I do it he just squeezed like this and it was just so beautiful.

01:23:55:15

B-ROLL OF LAQUITTA AND FAMILY

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:THEIR NEW BABY – NAMED JORDAN – WEIGHED 7 POUNDS 4 OUNCES…

01:24:01:00

01:24:03:19

LAQUITTA SHOWING MARIA PICTURES OF NATHAN

MARIA HINOJOSA:What will you tell little Jordan about Nathan?

LAQUITTA HALL: That his brother tried to come into the world and it just wasn’t his time and I’ll just show him the little pictures in his things and let him know that some of his blankets are his. And that we love him, as much as we loved him too.

01:24:23:16

B-ROLL OF SASHA AND FAMILY ON PORCH OF HOME

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:SASHA’S LUCK FINALLY TURNED AND SHE LANDED A JOB AS A CASHIER AT A DISCOUNT STORE.

01:24:30:16

01:24:33:06

SASHA ON PORCH SASHA FONTANEZ: And I got hired, after years of trying. I start working tomorrow from 1-5.

MARIA HINOJOSA: [Spanish] [Excited Noises]

01:24:33:22

MARIA WITH SASHA OUTSIDE HOUSE

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:IT TURNS OUT THE MANAGER HAD

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RECENTLY LOST HER GRAND CHILD TO SIDS AND WANTED TO HELP SASHA

01:24:39:06

01:24:42:10

01:24:42:22

01:24:45:07

MARIA AND SASHA WALKING ON STREET

SASHA FONTANEZ: Her son's baby mom baby just passed away.

MARIA HINOJOSA: What?!

SASHA FONTANEZ: The same thing, yeah. In the bed.

SASHA FONTANEZ: And she was like well, you know, I know how it feels, it’s hard. And then I got the job and I said oh my God, you're going to make me scream, you're going to make me cry, She's like no, no, no, don't cry, don't cry. Just be happy.

01:24:56:06

PORTRAIT OF DR. K

MOTHER AND BABY IN CRESCENT

MARIA HINOJOSA VO:… AND DR. K CONTINUES TO FIGHT FOR THE RESOURCES TO HELP MORE ROCHESTER MOTHERS AND THEIR BABIES…

01:25:03:20

DR. K TALKING TO MARIA IN HOSPITAL

FINAL IMAGES OF MOTHERS AND BABIES.

DR. JEFF KACZOROWSKI: We could put our arms around the children here and carry them to something better and carry their families to something better. We could cut infant mortality rates in the United States down to where they are in other developed countries… from where we are in the world down to first or second, why wouldn’t we want to do that?

01:25:25:11

PRODUCTION CREDITS

ADDITIONAL EDITORSXuan VuCinque Northern

EDITORIAL PRODUCERTiti Yu

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01:25:27:01

01:25:28:11

01:25:29:21

ASSOCIATE PRODUCERSue Ding

PRODUCTION MANAGER & POST COORDINATOREmily Harrold

MUSIC COMPOSED BYWendy Blackstone

MOTION GRAPHICS BYDialogue TheoryjumP

ASSISTANT EDITORSAmanda KatzMarcus Shutrump

PRODUCTION ASSISTANTS/RESEARCHERSPaola Piers-TorresThea PiltzeckerJessica Pitcher

2ND CAMERAHannah Gregg

SOUND RECORDISTRandy Sparazza

SOUND MIXJones Audio

POST PRODUCTIONjumP

ONLINE EDITORJames Jakubowski

COLOR FACILITYIrving Harvey

COLORISTMatthew Greenberg

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01:25:31:16

01:25:33:10

01:25:35:00

JUNIOR COLORISTJosh K. Brede

EXECUTIVE OFFICE COORDINATORNancy Trujillo

PRODUCTION INTERNSMelissa Bunni ElianElisa Gutierrez-PattersonMarlee FoxMatt HarrisCarlen May-MannZishun NingJamie RogersMariel TurnerFrances Underhill

STATISTICS CONSULTANTChristel Kesler

LEGAL SERVICESNeil Rosini, Franklin, Weinrib, Rudell & Vassallo, PC

VOICEOVERBob Heussler

TRANSCRIPTIONLast Syllable Transcription

ARCHIVESLaquitta Hall

SPECIAL THANKSCenter on the Developing Child at Harvard UniversityCenters for Disease Control and PreventionLuis MorenoU.S. Census Bureau

SERIES PRODUCERCharlotte Mangin

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01:25:36:14

01:25:37:20

01:25:39:20

01:25:40:08

01:25:41:14

01:25:42:18

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF FUTURO MEDIAMarea Chaveco

EXECUTIVE PRODUCERSSandra RattleyMartha Spanninger

EXECUTIVE PRODUCER & MANAGING EDITORMaria Hinojosa

FOR WGBH

MARKETINGBara LevinMartha WaldronChristian Gay

WEBAyelet RonenMeredith Nierman

LEGAL AND BUSINESS AFFAIRSNike OkedijiTristan Walsh

PRODUCTION MANAGERSteph Mills

COORDINATING PRODUCERNicholas Pollard

EXECUTIVE PRODUCERMarie Nelson

SENIOR EXECUTIVE IN CHARGEDenise Dilanni

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01:25:43:22

01:25:45:03

01:25:46:11

COPYRIGHTThis program is a presentation of WGBH and the members of the National Minority Consortium: Center for Asian American Media, Latino Public Broadcasting, Pacific Islanders in Communication, Vision Maker Media, and the National Black Programming Consortium.

Produced by the Futuro Media Group in association with WGBH for PBS.

2014 THE FUTURO MEDIA GROUP

This program was produced by The Futuro Media Group which is solely responsible for its content.

01:25:49:11

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01:25:55:11

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