assessment strategies and decision making tools
DESCRIPTION
Assessment Strategies and Decision Making Tools. Draft Report 4´2002 Martin Wirts. Kooperationsstelle Hamburg. Enterprise. Policy. Guidance. Substance Lists. -. Substance ID. - Substance Inventory. - Collect / Assess. Classification. -. Hazard Analysis. Intrinsic Data. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Assessment Strategies and Decision Making Tools
Draft Report 4´2002
Martin Wirts
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Guidance
- Substance Inventory
Enterprise
Substance Lists
Policy
- Measurements or
Classification
- Risk analysis andBinding Rules
- Various Techn. /
Various Instruments & Measurements
- Decision Tool--> Decision
Ass. Tools
Exposure Analysis
Limit & Thresholds
- Collect / AssessHazard Analysis
Substance ID
Risk Assessment
Risk Reduction Measure
Choice of Measure
Intrinsic Data
practical assessments
communication
Org. Measures
-
-
-
-
-
-
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
EnterprisePolicy
Risk Assessment
Best Measure Decision
X
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Screening Method: Quick Scan*
*Dutch Strategy on Management of Substances, 2001
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Assignment of „in principle“ measuresSubstance acceptable?*
Site limited use
Industrial use
Consumer Applications
Open prof. use
very highconcern
highconcern
concern
low concern
No, unless No
Yes
Yes, provided
Yes, provided
Yes, provided
No, unless
No, unless
No data: No, unless
*Dutch Strategy on Management of Substances, 2001
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
EnterprisePolicy
Risk Assessment
Best MeasureDecision
X
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Substance Data
Guidance Manual for prof. Users of Chemicals*
I II III IV IVa
ExampleCategory MCR
-- R 48 MAK III BR40, R62&63
MAK III A1, A2R45, R46, R49, R60, R61, R64
Exposure Analysis
”closed system” --> ”open to environment” Example
Use pattern
Example Volume of Chemical
> 0,01 > 1 > 10 > 100 HPV
*Published by Umweltbundesamt (UBA), Germany
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Risk Assessment
Guidance Manual for prof. Users of Chemicals*
I II III IV IVa
1. Biol. degradability
2. Abiotic degradability
10. Pattern of disposal
9. Substance volume
.....
Substance Profile
*Published by Umweltbundesamt (UBA), Germany
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
EnterprisePolicy
Risk Assessment
Best MeasureDecisionX X
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Alternative 3
Alternative 4
Criteria A Criteria B Criteria C
......
....
.
x1
x2
x3
....
.
....
.
....
.
......
......
......
y1 z1
y2
y3
z2
z3
......
x4 y4 z4
Decision Matrix for Multi-Criteria problems
K4
K3
K2
K1
Disaggregative Aggregative
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Alternative 3
Alternative 4
Criteria A Criteria B
....
.
Dominated ?
Dominated ?
Dominated ?
x1
x2
x3
A number of non-dominated alternatives remain
....
.
....
.
....
.
y1
y2
y3
x4 y4
......
......
......
......
......
Concept of Dominance Analysis
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Concept of Positional Analysis
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Alternative 3
Criteria ACriteria BCriteria C ......
....
.
x1
x2
x3
....
.
....
.
....
.
......
......
......
y1 z1
y2
y3
z2
z3
Decide on basis of most important criteria
Rank criteria in order of importance Select most important criteria
Criteria C
....
.
z1
z2
z3
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Concept of Elimination by Aspects (EbA)
Alternative 1
Alternative 2
Alternative 3
Criteria A Criteria B Criteria C ......
....
.
x1
x2
x3
....
.
....
.
....
.
......
......
......
y1 z1
y2
y3
z2
z3
Start with most important criterion
12 3
Establish cut-off values for each criterion
co?
co?
co?
....
.
....
.
....
.
Eliminate alternatives not meeting cut-off values (co)
Remaining alternatives fulfil most important cut-off values
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Concept of Risk Benefit Analysis
Risk
Risk (descriptive)Alt. 1
Alt. 2
...
Risk (descriptive)
....
.
Benefit (monetary)
Benefit (monetary)
....
.
....
.
..Public Health
EnvironmentOcc. Health
Alt. 1
Alt. 2Risk of death
....
.
Costs
Material price
Research
Investments
..
Staff training
Alt. 1
Alt. 2
....
.
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Concept for applying decision aid methods*
Collect data and use a procedure with no preference or criteria level information (qualitative, no k.o. criteria);
If this procedure does not lead to a consistent decision,
use procedure quantitative in each criteria but disaggregative;
If this procedure does not lead to a consistent decision,
use procedure with i.e. ranking of criteria in order of importance;If this procedure does not lead to a consistent decision,
use aggregative method
Com
ple
xity
an
d tim
e
con
sum
ptio
n
* from TemaNord 1997:622, Nordic Council of Ministers
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
EnterprisePolicy
Risk Assessment
Best MeasureDecision X
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Enterprise BEnterprise A
0
50
100Public Value
Cost
MarketHealth
Ecology
0
50
100Public Value
Economy
Life CycleAssessment
Health
Ecotox
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
7 Steps in Decision Making*
Formulate the problem
Identify Alternatives
Identify Impacts
Identify Criteria
Evaluate Criteria outcomes for each alternative
Compare alternativesPresent Results - Decide
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
!!Decision Aiding!!
* from TemaNord 1997:622, Nordic Council of Ministers
Kooperationsstelle Hamburg
Substitution of Hazardous Chemicals in Products and Processes
Key Questions for Assessment Tools
Which criteria do we have to consider?
Which are the most relevant ones?
How do we agregate them?
What are the individual views of different stakeholders in the field?