assessment of quality, treatment efficiency of microbial health risks associated with wastewater...

8/11/2019 Assessment of quality, treatment efficiency of microbial health risks associated with wastewater discharge from Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad

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Water Pollution

Hospital Wastewater

Physicochemical parameters Microbial Contamination

Water pollution in Pakistan

Ayub Teaching Hospital-Wastewater Discharge


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To assess physicochemical & microbialcontamination in Hospital wastewater, Drain waterand Ground water,

To investigate interactions between wastewater andground water

Health risk assessment for microbial contaminationin ground water of Usmanabad and Officers colony.


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AYUB TEACHING ABBOTTABAD

USMANABAD

OFFICERS COLONY


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Water quality analysis

Questionnaire survey

Risk analysis


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Sampling Points;

Hospital outlet/treatment plant inlet

Treatment plant outletUpstream of treatment plant

Downstream of treatment plant

Ground water sampling

Sampling type selected was Composite Sampling


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Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)BOD5= DOi - DOf./p

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)

Chloride Content of Water by Mohrs Method

Chloride mg/L) = A-B)N35.51000/ ml of sample

Microbial analysisMost probable number mpn) method


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Stratification

Sample size Online macorr calculator

Questionnaire developing Demographic information

Drinking water sources Health issues


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Risk assessment paradigm for pathogen health

risks

Problem Formulation

Exposure Assessment

Dose Response

Risk Characterization


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Data of questionnaire survey

Geological information

Stream water quality


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8

22

3.3

5.3

358

702

219

87

3800

7.7

23

7.5 5

357

683

24

170

2750

1

10

100

1000

10000

Concentrati

on

Parameters

Physico-Chemical Parameters at Inlet & Outlet


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8

24

600325

10

180

4100

8.4

4.57.8

23

630

332

8

236

5250

6.84.1

1

10

100

1000

10000

Concentrat

ion

Parameters

Physico-Chemical Parameters at Upstream &Downstream


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Sample Points Presumptive test

+ve tubes (24 hrs)

MPN/100 ml Confirmed test

+ve plates

MPN/100 ml

Inlet

5-5-5 >2400 5-5-5 >2400

Outlet 5-5-5 >2400 5-5-5 >2400

Upstream 5-5-5 >2400 5-5-5 >2400

Downstream

5-5-5 >2400 5-5-5 >2400

MPN of E.coli in Hospital wastewater at Inlet, Outlet, Upstream

Downstream


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8.73

8.11

8.35

8.11

8.29

8.08

8

7.6

7.8

8

8.2

8.4

8.6

8.8

G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 5 G 6 G 7

Ground Water Samples

pH

21.3 21.321.6

21.7

21

21.7

23.2

19.5

20

20.5

21

21.5

22

22.5

23

23.5

G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 5 G 6 G 7

Ground Water samples

Temperature


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349

629

418

612592 597

345

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 5 G 6 G 7


Conductivity

0 1.7

49 46

181

11 8.5 9.3

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Ground water samples

Turbidity


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181

387

217

318307 311

178

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 5 G 6 G 7


TDS

8.73

8.11

8.35

8.11

8.29

8.08

8

7.6

7.8

8

8.2

8.4

8.6

8.8

G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 5 G 6 G 7

Ground water Samples

CHLORIDES


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4000

3600

4750

18501650

6050

3875

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 5 G 6 G 7

Ground Water samples

COD

123

110

146

5650

186

119

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

G 1 G 2 G 3 G 4 G 5 G 6 G 7


BOD


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Samples

Presumptive test

+ve tubes 24

hrs)

MPN / 100 ml

Confirmed test

+ve plates

MPN / 100 ml

G 1 5-4-4 350 5-4-4 350

G 25-5-3 900 5-5-3 900

G 3 5-5-5 >2400 5-5-5 >2400

G 4 5-5-4 1600 5-5-4 1600

G 5 5-5-4 1600 5-5-4 1600

G 6 5-5-4 1600 5-5-4 1600

G 7 5-5-3 900 5-5-5 900

MPN of E.coli in Ground Water


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0

5

10

15

20

25

5year-10year 10-20year 20-30year 30-40 year 40-50 year above 50 year

1 2 3 4 5 6

COMMON DISEASES

Malaria

COMMON DISEASES

Typhoid

COMMON DISEASES

Gastro

COMMON DISEASES

Skin Allergy


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Risk Characterization:

D = C DI

D = C DI x 365

Biological Risks


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Sample Number MPN Ecoli Daily water

Intake (L)

Daily Dose Pathogenic

Intake (Day)

Pathogen intake

(year)

G1 350 2 7000 532 194180

G2 900 2 18000 1368 499320

G3 2400 2 48000 3648 1331520

G4 1600 2 32000 2432 887680

G5 1600 2 32000 2432 887680

G6 1600 2 32000 2432 887680

G7 900 2 18000 1368 499320

AVERAGE 1336 2 26710 2030 741050

Calculations of Daily and Yearly Doses


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Sample Number Alpha N50 P (Daily) P (yearly)

G1 0.1778 86000000 5.31526E-05 1.9E-02

G2 0.1778 86000000 1.36674E-04 4.9E-02

G3 0.1778 86000000 3.64437E-04 1.3E-01

G4 0.1778 86000000 2.42968E-04 8.6E-02

G5 0.1778 86000000 2.42968E-04 8.6E-02

G6 0.1778 86000000 2.42968E-04 8.6E-02

G7 0.1778 86000000 1.36674E-04 4.9E-02

AVERAGE 0.1778 86000000 2.02838E-04 7.2E-02

Calculations of Daily and Yearly Risk of Infection P)


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