aspects of water resources and land use in the distrito ......pipiripau. decrease of baseflow...

1Patrocinadopor

Funded by

IWASBrazilÁGUA-DF

Aspects of Water Resources and Land Use in the Distrito Federal

Carsten Lorz

[email protected]

Water Resources and Land Use in DFPresentation at UFSCNovember 6th, 2015

Jornal de Brasília 22.3.2011


Fore

stC

erra

do T

ipic

oet

c.

Agric

ultu

re

urbanother

Land

use

Dramatic change of land use/land cover


Pipiripau

Decrease of baseflow discharge


Sediments

FRANZ C. ET AL. (2014) Environmental Earth Sciences, 72 (12) 4873-4890*LORZ C . ET AL. (2014) IWA Publications (ISBN 978-1-78040-489-9)OLIVEIRA V. ET AL. (2014) Environmental Earth Sciences (DOI 10.1007/s12665-014-3103-2)*FRANZ C. ET AL. (2014) Science of the Total Environment 466–467, 513–523*FRANZ C. ET AL. (2013) Science of the Total Environment 452–453, 411-420*FRANZ C. ET AL. (2012) Journal of Environmental Earth Sciences 65 (5), 1601-1611*


CharcoalKIA 41658

4405 ±25 BP

Charcoal KIA 41659

5285 ±40 BP

CharcoalKIA 41657

5954 ±40 BP

CharcoalKIA 41656

6470 ±70 BP

Sedimentation rates

14C (5285-4405): 0,05 cm a-1

14C (5954-5285): 0,13 cm a-1

14C (6470-5954): 0,03 cm a-1

Franz 2012


Franz 2012

Site Sediment thickness[cm]

Sedimentation rate[cm yr-1]

period[yr]

Site 1

Site 2

Site 3

Site 4

* based on 137 Cs signature# based on alien materials

Water Resources and Land Use in DFPresentation at UFSCNovember 6th, 2015Brasilien


upperslope

Sediment Cascade

lower slope

urban areas

gullyerosion

alluvial system

alluvial system

lake

Eros

ion

Eros

ion/

Sedi

men

tatio

nSe

dim

enta

tion

Ret

entio

nR

eten

tion

Gen

erat

ion

Gen

erat

ion

R e

s i

d e

n c

e

t i m

e


Franz et al. 2013


Land cover & contribution to alluvial sediments

Lago Paranoá BasinUrban 85 % / 34 % ⇒ 2.5Agric. 5 % / 8 % ⇒ 0.6 Natural 10 % / 58 % ⇒ 0.2

[%] Land use / [%] sediments = factor

Riacho Fundo BasinUrban 53 % / 38 % ⇒ 1.4Agric. 31 % / 47 % ⇒ 0.7 Natural 16 % / 12 % ⇒ 1.3


Conclusions (1)o Sedimentation rates in modern times, i.e.

after 1960, are 10-100 times highero Sediments from urban, agricultural and

natural areas have distinct geochemicalfingerprints

o Fingerprinting method might help to quantifysources in frame of a sediment managementplan


SWAT Modelling

LORZ C. ET AL. (2014) IWA Publications (ISBN 978-1-78040-489-9)LIMA JEFW ET AL. (2013) Proceedings SWAT conference 2013, Toulouse, 10 pSTRAUCH M. ET AL. (2013) Journal of Environmental Management 127, 24-36STRAUCH M. ET AL. (2012) Journal of Hydrology 414-415, 413-424


Conclusions (2)o Using a precipitation data ensemble leads to

more robust model resultso Multi-diverse crop rotations including irrigation

were found to be disadvantageous in terms of water availability by reducing base flow

o BMPs such as parallel terraces and small sediment basins (barraginhas) can lead to sediment load reductions of up to 40 % without affecting water yield


Land use planning tool

LORZ C. ET AL. (2014) IWA Publications (ISBN 978-1-78040-489-9)KOSCHKE L ET AL. (2014) Ecological Processes, DOI 10.1186/2192-1709-3-2*LORZ C. ET AL. (2013) Journal of Environmental Management 127, S15-S23*


Sediment retention

Runoff control

Agronomic

value

Nitr

ogen

fert

ilize

r

*

reference


landscape processes and function (LPF)

parameter reference

Sediment retention C factor (USLE) Morgan, 1995; Silva, 2007; Roose, 1976; Halbfaß & Grunewald, 2008; Lima & Lopez, 2009

Run off control CN value US SCS, 1972; USDA, 2004; Gonçalves, 2007; Franke, 1994/1995

Nitrogen loss control applied fertilizer [kg N ha-1 a-1]

FAO, 2010

Agronomic value yield [€ ha-1 a-1] IBGE, 2009


Landnutzung spezifischSedimenteintrag [C-

Faktor der USLE]C-Faktor Standardisiert [0

bis 100]Agrarischer Wert [€/ha] nach IBGE7

Standardisiert [0 bis 100]

Wasserrückhalt [CN-Wert nach US SCS-Verfahren]8


Gewässer-qualität [N

kg/ha]


Acker, nicht spezifiziert

Acker, Sojabohnen, konventionell 0,20-0,501 0,35 35 503,96 7 72 69 7 6

Acker, Sojabohnen, no-tillage 0,172 2 0,172 17 503,96 7 64 54 0 0

Acker, Mais, konventionell

0,1720;2 0,40-0,90;3

0,02-0,90;1 >0,40 4 0,65 65 710,65 10 72 69 40 35

Acker, Mais, no-tillage 0,08-0104 0,09 9 710,65 10 64 54 0 0

Acker, Bohnen 0,30-0,401 0,35 35 978,78 14 72 69 11 10

Acker, Hirse 0,40-0,90;3 0,02-0,91 0,65 65 205,62 3 64 54 9 8

Acker, Weizen 0,10-0,40 1 0,25 25 1.010,36 15 64 54 9 8

Acker,Baumwolle0,50-0,70;3 0,40-

0,701 0,55 55 810,94 12 70 65 90 78

Acker, Kaffee0,10-0,30; 3 0,05; 1

0,219 20,219 22 1.226,75 18 66 57 115 100

Obst

Ananas, Avocado, Banane, Feige,

Guave, Mandarine, Mango, Maracuja, Orange, Papaya, Wassermelone,

Weintraube, Zitrone

Papaya: 0,21;1

Orangenplantagen: 0,21902

0,219 22 6.281,75 92 57 41 55 48

Gemüse

Annattostrauch, Kartoffel, Knoblauch,

Maniok, Reis, Süßkartoffel, Tomate, Zuckerrohr, Zwiebel

Süßkartoffel: 0,40-0,50;1 0,2-0,8;3

Maniok: 0,20-0,80;3

Zuckerrohr: 0,1743;2

0,13-0,40;1

Kartoffel: 0,1-0,51

0,5 50 6.847,91 100 70 65 57 50

Tierproduktion 0,1242 1 0,1242 12 59 44 0 0

Wiesen und Weiden 0,02-0,055 0,035 4 0 0 49 26 0 0

Grassteppe „Campo“ 0,01 1,3 0,01 1 0 0 89 100 0 0

Steppe „Cerrado“ 0,01 1,3 0,01 1 0 0 35 0 0 0Aufforstung 0,047 2 0,047 5 0 0 43 15 0 0Buschland 0,001 1 0,001 0 0 0 35 0 0 0

Naturnahe Wälder 0,001 1,3 0,001 0 0 0 55 37 0 0Verbrannte Fläche 0,160 6 0,16 16 0 0 74 72 0 0

vegetationslos 1 1,2,3 1 100 0 0 77 78 0 0

Siedlungsflächen 0,1242 1 0,1242 12 0 0 77 78 0 0Wasserflächen 0,14 1 0,14 14 0 0 -- -- 0 0

Sediment retention [C factor]Soy bean tillage 0.35 Soy bean no-tillage 0.17

Agronomic value [€ ha-1]Soy bean 704 Fruits 6.281

Runoff control [CN]Soy bean tillage 72 Soy bean no-tillage 64

N fertilizer [kg ha-1]Soy bean tillage 7 Corn tillage 40

Goldbach 2010


Sediment retention

Runoff control

Agronomic

value

Land use [%]*

Nitr

ogen

fert

ilize

r

no tillage ⇒ tillage


Conclusions (3)o LdB is a land use planning support tool with

focus on sediments but other landscape functions or ecosystem services are integrated open to modification transparent & easy to handle, participation is easy spatially explicit ⇒ ZEE zoning

o LdB is an integrating approach helping to bridge the gap between “real” models and landscape planning

aspects of water resources and land use in the distrito ......pipiripau. decrease of baseflow...

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