aslo glenn final - building a regional ocean observatory for the middle atlantic bight: our view...

8/9/2019 ASLO Glenn Final - Building a Regional Ocean Observatory for the Middle Atlantic Bight: Our View from the COOLroom

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Building a

Regional Ocean Observatory

for the Middle Atlantic Bight:Our View from the COOLroom

Scott Glenn, Oscar Schofield,

Robert Chant, Josh Kohut, John

Manderson,Janice McDonnell, Rich Dunk, John Wilkin

Plus Many Other Researchers & Students

Cape

Cod

Cape

Hatteras

NewJersey

1

000kmof

Coast&1

0States

U.S. Population Distribution

MIDDLE

ATLANTIC

COASTAL

OCEAN

OBSERVING

REGIONAL

ASSOCIATIO


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Todays Talk Outline:

1.Science Based Build-out (ONR, NSF, NOPP)

Power of peer review, challenges of expansion

2. Service to Society (NOAA, DHS)

Ocean observatories are multi-use

3. Transformation of Ocean Education (NSF, NOAA)

Broadening the definition of an oceanographer

4. Broader Impact of Education (NOAA, International)

Feedbacks on science & society Gulf oil spill

Cape

Cod

Cape

Hatteras

NewJersey

1

000kmof

Coast&1

0States


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Large Marine Ecosystem #7: Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf

(64 LMEs world wide, 80% of marine fisheries catch)

Highly Urbanized Coast

Fall Bottom

Temperature Trend,

1977 through 2008,

Dave Richardson,NOAA NMFS

Migratory Fish

Species

Summer-Winter SST Difference

Marine Transportation Hubs


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Growing Human Population Greatest in Less Developed Countries

Reduced Fish Population Fishing Displaced to Less Developed Countries

Why is it important to understand Large Marine Ecosystems now?


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A Look Back

Technology Enables Scientists to Improve Our View

1 Satellites in Space (Beginning in 1980s)+1 + Subsurface Ocean Arrays (Now!)

---- ------------------------------------

3 Well Sampled OceanWalter Munk, 2000. Oceanography Before, and After, the Advent of Satellites.

A Look Forward

If I were to choose a single phrase to

characterize the first century of modernoceanography, it would be a century of

under-sampling.

Walter Munk, 2000


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A Global View from Space: Imagers and Altimeters

Passive Imagers for

SST & Ocean Color

Active

Radars

for

Altimetry


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A Global Array of 3,000 Argo Profiling Floats


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NOPP served as the catalyst for the maturation of

our research community and helped us realize the

impact of our research efforts can be compounded

through collaboration, coordination and cooperation.

It is our responsibility, now, to take these enhanced

skills of partnering and apply them to societys most

exigent needs with haste and vigor.

J.D. Watkins, T.R. Schaff & R.W. Spinrad

Oceanography, 2009,Vol.22, No.2

The National Ocean Partnership Act

was signed into law by President

Clinton on September 23, 1996.

Seed funding for the first year of the

National Ocean Partnership Program

(NOPP) was subsequently provided in

the FY1997 Department of Defense

Appropriations Act.

http://www.tos.org/oceanography/issues/issue_archive/22_2.html


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CODAR Network Glider FleetL-Band & X-Band Satellite

Receivers

3-D Nowcasts

& Forecasts

Rutgers University - Coastal Ocean Observation Lab

Operations, Data Fusion & Training Center


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International Constellation

X-Band

(installed 2003)

L-Band

(installed 1992)

OCM

ChlorophyllIndia

FY1-D

ch7:ch9

China

Global

Regional

Local

MODIS

Chlorophyll

USA


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A) CODAR

HF Radar

Network

B)

C)

D) E)

F)

C)

G) H) I) J)


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What is an Underwater Glider?

Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV)

Moves without a propeller by changing its buoyancy

Wings turn vertical motion into horizontal flight

Moves slowly through the water collecting data as it goes

Surfaces to communicate with shore at regular intervals


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CTD

Fore Hull

Altimeter

Air Bladder

Control

Board

Science

Payload Bay

Fin

CowlingAft Hull

Buoyancy

Pump

Antenna (Iridium,

Freewave, GPS &

Argos)

Anatomy of a Glider


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Buoyancy pump in

the glider pulls in 0.5 Lof water

Glider beginsto dive

downward

Push pump out gliderinflects and begins to

one dive and

one climb iscalled a o

When surfacing toconnect glider

inflates air bladder

How gliders fly


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Autonomous Underwater Gliders

RU COOL 20+ Glider Fleet:January 2003 - May 2010

180 deployments

75,000 km flown

1,741 calendar days at sea

3,431 in-water days


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NSF LaTTE 2004-2006

ONR CPSE

& HyCODE1998-2001

NSF MSF 2006-2007

ONR SW06

2005-2006

ONR MURI REA

2006-2010

Observatory-EnabledObservatory-Enabled

Collaborative ResearchCollaborative Research

Campaigns in theCampaigns in the

Mid-Atlantic BightMid-Atlantic Bight

NSF OOI CI IO

OSSE 2009

ONR CBLAST

2005

Coastal Collaboratory 1998

Campus Collaboratory 2002

Virtual Collaboratory 2006


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DE

LongIsland

NewJersey

Depth

LEO

Barnegat

Historical RecurrentHypoxia Centers

Field Station

Cape May

12 m

15 m

20 m

25 m

30 m

35 m

40 m

50 m

100 m

500 m

1000m

2500m

Hypoxia/Anoxia & Bottom Bathymetry

Warsh NOAA

1989

O C


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NOAA Mid-Atlantic Bight National Undersea Research Center


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A)

1 m s-1

North

Barnegat

deltaCape May

delta

LEO

delta

10.8

12.2

13.6

15.0

16.4

17.8

19.2

20.6

22.0

23.4

24.8

Temp (oC)

wind

D) 8/5/93CTD Transect

Temp.21232527

B)

C)

E)

F) CODAR & SST 7/98

Figure 6Song et al. (JGR) 2002

Idealized Model of the Inner Shelf with Three Topographic Highs


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C l o u d

39:30N

39:15N

74

:00W

74

:15W

Surface Velocities

20 cm/sec

Atlantic City

Marine Field Station

Brigantine

Brant Beach

T

e

m

p

e

r

a

t

u

re

Celsius

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

Kilometers

0 5 10

Copyright1998,Colon Boy Productions.

AB

C

Great

Bay

Coastal Ocean RADAR

Coupled With Sea Surface

Temperature Satellite Imagery


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DE

LongIslan

d

NewJersey

Depth

LEO

Barnegat

Historical RecurrentHypoxia Centers

Field Station

Cape May

Warsh NOAA

1989

12 m

15 m

20 m

25 m

30 m

35 m40 m

50 m

100 m

500 m

1000m

2500m

Hypoxia/Anoxia & Bottom Bathymetry

Summer late fall

upwelling

?

NSF H d Ri Pl


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Geyer and Fong

Downwelling Upwelling

NSF Hudson River Plume

Lagrangian Transport & Transformation Experiment


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Input of organic matter is pulsed to coastal system as floods and punctuatedtidal squirts. Example, a tidal bore as it flows past the R/V Cape Hatteras

Salinity

Th N h R i l ti A I b t f Ph t l kt


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The Nearshore Recirculation: An Incubator for Phytoplankton

Observatory Finds

The Frazer Eddy!

Hudson River

Drifters Recirculate

Large

PhytoplanktonDominate

Oxygen Drops

F h t Pl C Sh lf d th H d Sh lf V ll


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Freshwater Plume moves Cross-Shelf, down the Hudson Shelf Valley

Satellite SST

Long-Range CODARSurface Currents

Glider Salinity SectionGlider TrackDeploy

The

Robot

Kerfoot et al

OS45D-21

L TTE 2005 Aft L i th C H tt Off h


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Shipboard Salinity Section

Across the NJ Coastal Currentand the HSV Highway

LaTTE 2005 -- After Luring the Cape Hatteras Offshore.

The survey began on the Highway. We were near the glider

when it surfaced. We saw currents ripping southward in a 10 m

thick layer of freshwater along the highway -- perhaps the mostsignificant freshwater transport we saw all week.

Perhaps the most perplexing to me is the Highway and

why there has been a lack of a strong coastally trapped flow

this week.

--- Bob Chant aboard the Cape Hatteras, April 21, 2005

Collaborative Campaign Science in the Middle Atlantic Bight:


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The Shallow Water 2006 Joint Experiment (SW06)

62 Moorings

7 Ships

1 Aircraft

10 Gliders

>12 Satellites

3 Ground-

stations

48 Senior

PIs & PMs

http://marine.rutgers.edu/cool/glider/webpage/glider-surface.jpg


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The Shallow Water 2006 Joint Experiment (SW06)

62 Moorings

7 Ships

1 Aircraft

10 Gliders

>12 Satellites

3 Ground-

stations

48 Senior

PIs & PMs

HiSeasNet

Comm

unicat

ion
http://marine.rutgers.edu/cool/glider/webpage/glider-surface.jpg


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Albany Monthly Rainfall

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

Rainfall

Top 5 Discharge Events

Since 1918

3/21/1936 3955 3/16/1977 3438 1/22/1996 3201 9/20/1938 3171 6/29/2006 3167

#5: Albanys Wettest June on Record since 1795

2006

Hudson River Watershed

LATTE

SW06

M C t b d Wi d (S )


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Mean Current based on Wind (Summer)

NENW

SW SE


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Summer 2006

Glider

Temperature

Glider

Salinity

Glider

Density

NOAA Buoy

Winds

Virtual

Drifters

in

CODAR

Current

Fields

Extreme Stratification

At the Shelf Break

For SW06

The Albany Puddle

The Mid-Atlantic Regional Coastal Ocean Observing System


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The Mid Atlantic Regional Coastal Ocean Observing System

Established 2007: 35 Co-PIs, 25 Institutions, 10 States

Regional Priorities:

1) Safety at Sea

Search and Rescue

2) Ecosystem Decision Support Fisheries

3) Water Quality

4) Coastal Inundation

5) Offshore Energy


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MACOORA Theme 1: Maritime Safety Search And Rescue

Nearest Coastal Site

CODAR Currents

SLDMB Drifter

SAROPS

BeforeCODAR

Large

Random

Search

Area

SAROPSAfter

CODAR

Small

Stratified

Search

Areas

Drifter Test Results

CODAR Exceeds

Present Methodology

MAB CODAR

Network

SLDMB

Drifter


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HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model or (HYCOM)and

HF RadarCurrents in SAROPS

HYCOM - Low Confidence

Sigma (1 std dev) = 0.37 knots

Tau (half life) = 264 minutes

HF Radar - High Confidence

sigma (1 std dev) = 0.22 knots

Tau (half life) = 264 minutes

Test Case: July 22, 2009 at 00:00Z

Number of particles = 5000

SLDMB 39029


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48 Hours Into Search

HYCOM

Low Confidence

HF Radar

High Confidence


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HYCOM

Low Confidence

HF Radar

High Confidence


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HYCOM

Low Confidence

HF Radar

High Confidence


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Search Area After 96 Hours

HYCOM

36,000 km2

10,500 nmi2

HF Radar

12,000 km2

3,500 nmi2

232 km

154 km

123 km

100 km

May 4 2009: After a year of testing NOAA & USCG announce


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May 4, 2009: After a year of testing, NOAA & USCG announce

On U.S. Department of Commerce Website that

MACOORA HF Radar Network is Operational in SAROPS

U.S. IOOS Goalfor 2010:

Bring all

sustained

regional-scale

HFR networks up

to operationalstatus in USCG

SAROPS

MACOORA Theme 2: Ecosystem Based Management


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MACOORA Theme 2: Ecosystem Based Management

Large Marine Ecosystems

Fisheries Surveys & Argo Drifters

Met. Stations & QuikSCAT

Atmospheric Forecasts

Ocean Forecasts

HF Radar & Altimetry

Satellite Imagery

Glider FleetsFall 2008

Glider

Transects

1,000

km

Autumn habitat GAM


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Autumn habitat GAMoffshore migration & spawning

= bottom temperature + bottom rugosity

Spawn in habitats minimizing

larval mortality/growth ratio?

Its the least they could do!:

+ current divergence + Chlorphyll-a*

From John Manderson, NOAA


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Probability of egg occurrence

Winter Spring

Autumn Summer

Gong et al., 2009. JGR

Particle trajectories in surface currents (HF radar)

From John Manderson, NOAA

U.S. National HF Radar Network Development Already includes


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p129 Sites from

29 Organizations

First of 11 Regions is

already operational inCoast Guard SAROPS

Several regional

networks will become

operational in 2010

A 5-Year Build-out

Plan has been

developed.

While Search And

Rescue has been thedriver, many other

applications benefit.

Trans-Atlantic Glider Challenge 2006


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g

UNESCO E.U./U.S. Baltic Sea Conference in Lithuania

Rick Spinrad, NOAA Assistant Administrator.

Take one of your gliders, modify it, and fly it across the Atlantic, inspiring students along the way.

Required Improvements to Glider Technology

Increase Endurance by a Factor of 10 (30 days to 300 days)Power Reduce Power Usage (2.25 W to 1.5 W)

Alkaline to Lithium Batteries (3.5 times more power)

Extended Payload Bay (230 Batteries to 450)

Steering Ruggedized Tailfin

Corrosion Protection Electrical Isolation & ZincsStorm Protection Ruggedized connectors.

Biological Protection Coatings and Paints, vertical control.

Required Development of Path Planning Capabilities

Access to Remote Sensing Datasets and Model ForecastsVisualization of Glider Tracks, Currents & Data

Google Earth interactive interface

Required Human Resources

Numerous focused activities weather forecasts,satellite observations, glider observations, ocean forecasts,

satellite communications, path planning, flight characteristics,

biological interactions, vessel traffic, approach planning,

landfall logistics.

Coordination of a Distributed International Team.


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COSEE-Networked Ocean World (NOW)COSEE-Networked Ocean World (NOW)

COSEE-NOW focus is the Educationalaspects of Ocean Observatories: Engaging Scientists Fostering Collaborations Increasing Awareness

265 Members

100 Scientists

Linking ocean scientists and educators in the real and virtual world

Exciting the Next Generation in Science and Engineering


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Building a Young International Community

Exciting the Next Generation in Science and Engineering

Education Based Long Duration Glider Flights


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Education-Based Long-Duration Glider FlightsRU15 to Halifax (2008), RU17 to Azores (2008), RU27 to Spain (2009)

Thermal Glider Drake (2009), Thermal Glider Cook (2010)

RU15

RU27

ThermalDrake

RU17Thermal

Cook

Mission Complete: Scarlet Knight is the first underwater robot


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Mission Complete: Scarlet Knight is the first underwater robot

to cross an ocean basinA Heros Welcome in Baiona, December 9, 2009

Flight Statistics:

221 Days

7,409 km

11,000 Dives

11,000 Climbs

Documenting the StoryRutgers English Majors Documenting the


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Documenting the StoryDena Seidel, Rutgers University Writers House

Work of Rutgers Marine Science Majors

S ti IOOS A ti iti


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Supporting IOOS Activities

in the Gulf Oil Spill

Same Collaborative Portal

Established

S ti IOOS A ti iti


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Supporting IOOS Activities

in the Gulf Oil Spill

Same Interactive Blogs

Initiated

Supporting


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pp g

IOOS

Activities in

the Gulf Oil

Spill

Same

Google Earth

Interface and

Datasets for

MissionPlanning

HMS Challenger Mission 1872-1876


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First Dedicated Global Ocean Science Cruise

The Next Grand Glider Challenge 2009 - Can a globally

distributed network of scientists & students repeat the Challenger

Mission with a coordinated fleet of underwater robotic gliders?

International Community

Scientific Collaboration

Technical Development

Cultural Exchange


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Healthy Children

Healthy Oceans

Glider CooksPlanned Path

Along 26.5N

Conclusions:


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1.Science Based Buildout

Expanding Science Missions produced the core observatory

2. Service to Society Multi-use capabilities have been proven

3. Transformation of Ocean Education

Working to fulfill the expanding need for

a broader range of oceanographers

4. Broader Impact of Education

Feedbacks on science & society

are now being demonstrated

aslo glenn final - building a regional ocean observatory for the middle atlantic bight: our view...

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