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Low-Cost 2G HTS Coated Conductor Scale-Up at STI

Monday, August 11, 2014

Applied Superconductivity Conference

Jeong-Uk Huh, Jian Cao, Xiaofeng Qiu, Joseph Chase, Ken Pfeiffer – STI Nexans

University of Victoria Cambridge University

Low-Cost HTS Coated Conductor Requirements

INPUTS

Low cost of raw materials

o Elemental source materials

o Inexpensive substrate material

PROCESS

Low number of template buffer layers

o Simple and repeatable

Low number of process steps per layer

o High yield in each process

High throughput and large HTS growth area

EQUIPMENT

Low production equipment cap-ex

Simplified structure inherently reduces cost and also increases yield

2 © 2014 Superconductor Technologies Inc. Proprietary and All Rights Reserved

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Thic

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Tape Width (cm)

Solution Deposition Planarization


Solution Deposition Planarization Production Line

Tape runs through multiple solution bathes and heater zones to get nanometer level Ra

100 mm wide tape in production: 1000 meter length

- Slit 100 mm into various width based on customers request: 3 mm / 4 mm / 10 mm / 12 mm / 30 mm

Thickness uniformity of width 96% - large process window with only 4% used for slitting of edges

Production capacity is 1 km length at 1000 km/yr rate

96mm of width for processing

10 cm wide tape

Ion Beam Assisted Deposition

IBAD Production Throughput Improvement

In-situ IBAD and EPI MgO deposition in dual vacuum chamber

Multi-lane multi-pass in both IBAD & EPI

10 times throughput improvement - 150+m/hr

IBAD process capacity of 1 km length at 1000 km/yr rate matching SDP

New feature: multi-lane RHEED

Multi-lane multi-pass Upgrade


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Reactive Coevaporation 100M System

RCE 100M System Production

Batch system capable of depositing ReBCO, optional buffer layer and silver

Cyclic deposition and reaction on rotating drum

Uses thermal evaporation sources for Rare earth, Barium, Copper, buffer material and silver

Ability to optimize process for different superconducting applications: High Ic, High field or High Tc

© 2014 Superconductor Technologies Inc. Proprietary and All Rights Reserved

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ConductusTM Coated Conductor Data

Direct Ic measurement gives 674 A – 12 mm width

N-value of 36.8

Pilot run yields 100% of design capacity

500 A/cm achieved April 2014

Over 500 A/cm for > 50 m

Average Ic 590A – 10 mm

No significant dropouts

77K Self field

Data provided by Nexans © 2014 Superconductor Technologies Inc. Proprietary and All Rights Reserved

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ConductusTM Low Temperature Performance

Low temperature measurement shows high performance at 30K S.F.

Characteristic of Standard STI ConductusTM Wire product

- 400 A/cm at 77K and 840 A/cm at 65K for a 2.1 X lift factor

- 3500 A/cm at 25K for a 8.8 X lift factor

Data provided by University of Victoria


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ConductusTM In-field Performance

In-�eld performance ConductusTM has intrinsic pinning - No extrinsic pinning elements added Shows both c and a,b - axis peaks under magnetic field

Data provided by University of Victoria


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ConductusTM Hall Probe Scan

Field cooling magnetization and hall probe scans shows high symmetry

Square shape tape (1 cm x 1 cm) was used for the scan at 77K

Trapped field goes as high as 26 mT

Symmetrical form of trapped field indicates high uniformity of tape

Data provided by Cambridge University


Testing - Handling & Tape Mechanical Stress

No Test Criteria Description Ic -INITIAL (Amps)

Ic-FINAL (Amps)

Result

1 Twist 540o/75cm CCWCW 291 291 PASS

2 Film OUT Cold Cycle

(9X) RT 77K

Thermal Cycling 50mm O.D. 2:1 Lay Length

293 290 PASS

3 Film IN Cold Cycle

(9X) RT 77K Thermal Cycling 50mm O.D. 2:1 Lay Length

293 290 PASS

4 Hot Soak RT Setpoint 2 Hrs. @ 105 oC 345 360 PASS

5 Bend Cycling (5X) 50mm O.D. Wrap cycling

360 361 PASS

6 Load Cycling (9X) 15lb load / 10mm wide tape

361 360 PASS

10mm wide 35 mm thick Cu-Electroplated Tape


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TapeStar XL is installed and operational

1km reel-to-reel Ic measure capability

@ 200 meters/hr

1000A maximum Ic

12mm 3mm width

Tension controlled unwind/rewind @ 700+m/hr.

Tape Testing – Tapestar XL

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RCE 1000M System

RCE 1000M system scale-up progress

• Source chamber is installed; functioning and can be operated independently of vacuum deposition chamber

• The software control components have been calibrated and tested, meeting design specs

• The vacuum deposition chamber is nearing shipment from the supplier

• Production is scheduled for early Q4 2014 - annual capacity of 750 km/yr


Source Chamber Source Chamber from above Vacuum Dep Chamber

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Summary

• STI’s Coated Conductor is inexpensive, high-yield, and scalable

• Our approach and HTS manufacturing experience can meet the demand for coated conductors and beat the industry cost targets

• 1000M SDP, IBAD Upgrade completed and 100M RCE system in production

• 100 mm wide and 1 km long SDP in production

• IBAD throughput improvement upgrade completed for production

• Achieved over 500A (590A average) for > 50M long tape

• Film shows high in-field, low temperature performance

• Copper plating process developed and tested

• 1000M RCE System is will be completed Q3 2014

• Source chamber is completed and deposition chamber will be finished in end of August

• System will be producing ConductusTM wire in Q4 2014

• 750km/yr of capacity when fully operational


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Acknowledgements

• Direct Ic measurements provided by Nexans

• Low temperature in-field data provided by University of Victoria

• Hall probe scans provided by Cambridge University

• STI is in Booth 44

• Taking Continuous Length Orders of Up to 1km NOW!

Thank You


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