‘rebooting’ the mediation directive: assessing the limited impact … · 2018-12-12 ·...
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DIRECTORATE GENERAL FOR INTERNAL
POLICIES
LEGAL AFFAIRS
‘Rebooting’ the Mediation Directive: Assessing the Limited Impact of its Implementation and
Proposing Measures to Increase the Number of Mediations in the EU
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1) Update the “Costs of Non Mediation” survey 2) Analyze the legislation implementing the Mediation Directive in a number of Member States 3) Propose legislative and non legislative measures to increase the use of mediation across the EU
The EU Parliament’s Study Goals: Resolving the “EU Mediation Paradox”
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Copertina Studio
http://www.europarl.europa.eu/document/activities/cont.pdf
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Time and Cost Savings: Break-Even Point in the EU
Time Savings
Cost Savings
-€ 4.000,00
-€ 2.000,00
€ 0,00
€ 2.000,00
€ 4.000,00
€ 6.000,00
€ 8.000,00
2% 3% 23% 25% 40% 43% 44,5% 45% 50% 75% 90%
Cos
t Sav
ings
Success Rate of Mediation
-100
0
100
200
300
400
500
5% 8% 8,5% 9% 10% 19,5% 20% 25% 30% 40% 40,5% 50% 75% 90%
Tim
e Sa
ving
s (d
ays)
Success Rate of Mediation
19% Success Rate
24% Success Rate
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High Performance Even at Low Success Rates
Savings of successful mediation are much greater than extra costs (ie, mediation then litigation) when mediation fails
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816 Responses From Across the EU
21 32 28 31
12 7 11 8 7 27 23
91
8 19
87
10 19
5 12 11 9 16
210
10 5 22
7
68
0
50
100
150
200
250
Nr. Responses
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Estimated Annual Number of Mediations in the EU
Over 10 000: DE, UK, IT, NL Between 5 000 and 10 000: HU, PL Between 2 000 and 5 000: BE, FR, SL Between 500 and 2 000: AT, DK, RO, SK, ES Less than 500: BG, HR, CY, CZ, EE, FI, GR, LV, LT, LU, MT, PT, SE 7
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Estimated Annual Number of Mediations in the EU
Over 10 000: DE, UK, IT, NL Over 200 000 Italy A bit more than 10 000 Germany United Kingdom Netherlands
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Average Time of a Dispute in Days
566
Average time of litigation in the EU
326
Average time of mediation then litigation (with 50% mediation success rate)
212
Average time of mediation then litigation (with 70% mediation success rate)
Savings 240 days
Savings 354 days
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«Waiting Time» Saved in Years
Aprox. nr. of civil and commercial litigious cases at 1st instance courts (Cepej 2012)
Saved time with mediation
preceding each case (50% of success rate)
Saved «waiting time»
in days
Saved «waiting time»
in years (conservative
estimate)
13 000 000 x
240 =
3 120 000 000
8 547 945
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Average Cost of a Dispute in Euro
9 179
Average Cost of Litigation in the EU
7 960
Average cost of litigation if trial is preceded by succesful mediation in 50% of the cases
6 124
Average cost of litigation if trial is preceded by succesful mediation in 70% of the cases
Savings 1 219
Savings 3 055
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Direct Costs Saved in Euro
Aprox. nr. of civil and commercial litigious cases at 1st instance courts (Cepej 2012)
Saved costs with mediation preceding
each case (50% of success rate)
Saved «direct costs» (conservative
estimate)
13 000 000 x
1 219 =
15 847 000 000
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1) Strong confidentiality protection 2) Judges pro-activity 3) Easy enforceability 4) Financial incentives 5) Lawyer duty to inform clients 6) Robust mediator accreditation systems
Legislative Measures That Have Not Made Mediation Happen
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The Single Most Effective Legislative Measure
Mandatory mediation in certain cases
Mandatory mediation info sessions
Financial incentives to mediate
Require counsel to inform parties of mediation
Economic sanctions
Judges power to order mediation
Mandatory mediation with opt-out
132
110
97
72
54
51
45
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The Single Most Effective Legislative Measure
Mandatory mediation in certain cases
Mandatory mediation info sessions
Financial incentives to mediate
Require counsel to inform parties of mediation
Economic sanctions
Judges power to order mediation
Mandatory mediation with opt-out
132
110
97
72
54
51
45
155
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The Single Most Effective Non-Legislative Measure
Mediation advocacy education
Pilot projects
EU-wide ‘settlement week’ programs
EU-wide mediation pledge
National mediation «champions»
EU ADR agency to promote mediation
EU certification of mediators
4,3
4,2
4,2
4,0
4,0
3,9
3,8
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Going Beyond Voluntary Mediation….
I will drink only if someone leads me to water!
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Fight Flight
The Two «Fs»
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1) Introduce “mitigated mandatory mediation” in Mediation Directive and other EU legal instruments on ADR (in force and being proposed), albeit on a temporary basis, as a trial.
2) Insist that the MS accept the “Balanced Relationship Target Number” theory (given the poor results of all other pro-mediation legislative measures, alone or combined, it should lead the MS to do the same as above)
Legislative Measures to Solve the «EU Mediation Paradox»
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Each MS must determine its own BRTN = minimum percentage of cases to be mediated to arrive at “balanced relationship” with that of litigated cases.
Each MS free to choose the appropriate policy tools to reach its BRTN (mandatory mediation, information sessions, financial incentives etc.)
Failure to set and reach BRTN = failure to comply with the Directive
Art. 1 of the Mediation Directive The objective … is to facilitate access to alternative dispute resolution and to promote the amicable settlement of disputes by encouraging the use of mediation and by ensuring a balanced relationship between mediation and judicial proceedings.
The «Balanced Relationship Target Number» Theory
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Subtitle
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«The Emperor Has No Clothes!»
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Stockholm, September 3, 1967
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Study Presentation By Giuseppe DE PALO, ADR Center – member of JAMS International;
Hamline University School of Law
Study co-authors Leonardo D’URSO, ADR Center - member of JAMS International Mary TREVOR, Hamline University School of Law Bryan BRANON, ADR Center - member of JAMS International Romina CANESSA, ADR Center - member of JAMS International Beverly CAWYER, ADR Center - member of JAMS International L. Reagan FLORENCE, ADR Center - member of JAMS International
Policy Department C Responsible Administrator: Rosa RAFFAELLI [email protected]
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