Arctic National Arctic National Wildlife RefugeWildlife RefugeArctic National Arctic National Wildlife RefugeWildlife Refuge

Alex WolffAlex Wolff

Stephanie WegeStephanie Wege

Laura HartLaura Hart

Bari GreenfeldBari Greenfeld

Shannon CullenShannon Cullen

Alex WolffAlex Wolff

Stephanie WegeStephanie Wege

Laura HartLaura Hart

Bari GreenfeldBari Greenfeld

Shannon CullenShannon Cullen

History of ANWRHistory of ANWR Pro-drilling viewPro-drilling view

GovernmentGovernment Oil companiesOil companies Local populationLocal population

Anti-drillingAnti-drilling EnvironmentalistsEnvironmentalists Local PopulationLocal Population

History of ANWRHistory of ANWR Pro-drilling viewPro-drilling view

GovernmentGovernment Oil companiesOil companies Local populationLocal population

Anti-drillingAnti-drilling EnvironmentalistsEnvironmentalists Local PopulationLocal Population

History of ANWRHistory of ANWRHistory of ANWRHistory of ANWR 1960 - Arctic National Wildlife Range 1960 - Arctic National Wildlife Range

created by Secretary of the Interior, Fred created by Secretary of the Interior, Fred Andrew SeatonAndrew Seaton

1980 - Alaska National Interest Lands 1980 - Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act enlarges protected area Conservation Act enlarges protected area and renames ANWRand renames ANWR

1)1) Conserve fish/wildlife populations and habitatsConserve fish/wildlife populations and habitats2)2) Fulfill U.S. international fish/wildlife treaty Fulfill U.S. international fish/wildlife treaty

obligationsobligations3)3) Provide continued subsistence use by localsProvide continued subsistence use by locals4)4) Ensure water quality/quantity within RefugeEnsure water quality/quantity within Refuge

1960 - Arctic National Wildlife Range 1960 - Arctic National Wildlife Range created by Secretary of the Interior, Fred created by Secretary of the Interior, Fred Andrew SeatonAndrew Seaton

1980 - Alaska National Interest Lands 1980 - Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act enlarges protected area Conservation Act enlarges protected area and renames ANWRand renames ANWR

1)1) Conserve fish/wildlife populations and habitatsConserve fish/wildlife populations and habitats2)2) Fulfill U.S. international fish/wildlife treaty Fulfill U.S. international fish/wildlife treaty

obligationsobligations3)3) Provide continued subsistence use by localsProvide continued subsistence use by locals4)4) Ensure water quality/quantity within RefugeEnsure water quality/quantity within Refuge

1.5 million acres of coastal plain called 1.5 million acres of coastal plain called 1002 area1002 area

Mandated studies of natural resources of Mandated studies of natural resources of the areathe area

Congressional authorization required for Congressional authorization required for oil drillingoil drilling

1.5 million acres of coastal plain called 1.5 million acres of coastal plain called 1002 area1002 area

Mandated studies of natural resources of Mandated studies of natural resources of the areathe area

Congressional authorization required for Congressional authorization required for oil drillingoil drilling

Managed by U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceManaged by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Habitat for 36 land mammals, 36 fish, 9 Habitat for 36 land mammals, 36 fish, 9 marine mammals, 160 bird speciesmarine mammals, 160 bird species

Five ecological regionsFive ecological regions

Coastal marineCoastal marine

Coastal plainCoastal plain

Alpine tundraAlpine tundra

Forest-tundra transitionForest-tundra transition

Boreal forestBoreal forest

Pro-drilling Government Pro-drilling Government viewview

Pro-drilling Government Pro-drilling Government viewview

anywhere from 6 to 16 billion barrels anywhere from 6 to 16 billion barrels would decrease middle east reliancewould decrease middle east reliance

Creation of jobsCreation of jobs At $100/barrel, would eliminate $1.6 At $100/barrel, would eliminate $1.6

billion in imported oilbillion in imported oil Federal revenue would increase $4.2 Federal revenue would increase $4.2

billion in five yearsbillion in five years $152-237 billion over life of project$152-237 billion over life of project Most of proposed oil located in west Most of proposed oil located in west

near already established oil fieldsnear already established oil fields

anywhere from 6 to 16 billion barrels anywhere from 6 to 16 billion barrels would decrease middle east reliancewould decrease middle east reliance

Creation of jobsCreation of jobs At $100/barrel, would eliminate $1.6 At $100/barrel, would eliminate $1.6

billion in imported oilbillion in imported oil Federal revenue would increase $4.2 Federal revenue would increase $4.2

billion in five yearsbillion in five years $152-237 billion over life of project$152-237 billion over life of project Most of proposed oil located in west Most of proposed oil located in west

near already established oil fieldsnear already established oil fields

Fifty miles from mountainsFifty miles from mountains No trees, deep water lakesNo trees, deep water lakes No sunlight for 56 days a yearNo sunlight for 56 days a year .01% of ANWR land would be drilled.01% of ANWR land would be drilled 20% of our daily consumption20% of our daily consumption ice roads would be used, would melt in ice roads would be used, would melt in

springspring Prudhoe Bay oilfields within Central Prudhoe Bay oilfields within Central

Arctic Herd area, where herds have Arctic Herd area, where herds have increased from 5,000 in 1977 when oil increased from 5,000 in 1977 when oil drilling began to 31,000 todaydrilling began to 31,000 today

Fifty miles from mountainsFifty miles from mountains No trees, deep water lakesNo trees, deep water lakes No sunlight for 56 days a yearNo sunlight for 56 days a year .01% of ANWR land would be drilled.01% of ANWR land would be drilled 20% of our daily consumption20% of our daily consumption ice roads would be used, would melt in ice roads would be used, would melt in

springspring Prudhoe Bay oilfields within Central Prudhoe Bay oilfields within Central

Arctic Herd area, where herds have Arctic Herd area, where herds have increased from 5,000 in 1977 when oil increased from 5,000 in 1977 when oil drilling began to 31,000 todaydrilling began to 31,000 today

Local SupportLocal SupportLocal SupportLocal Support Inupiat of KaktovikInupiat of Kaktovik

Only village within boundaries of Only village within boundaries of ANWRANWR

More westernized than other localsMore westernized than other locals Represents opportunity for economic Represents opportunity for economic

growthgrowth Add jobs and increase standard of livingAdd jobs and increase standard of living Concerned that drilling could affect Concerned that drilling could affect

hunting and fishing abilitieshunting and fishing abilities

Inupiat of KaktovikInupiat of Kaktovik Only village within boundaries of Only village within boundaries of

ANWRANWR More westernized than other localsMore westernized than other locals Represents opportunity for economic Represents opportunity for economic

growthgrowth Add jobs and increase standard of livingAdd jobs and increase standard of living Concerned that drilling could affect Concerned that drilling could affect

hunting and fishing abilitieshunting and fishing abilities

Oil CompaniesOil CompaniesOil CompaniesOil Companies

profit potential $$$profit potential $$$

Surprisingly, however, most big oil companies Surprisingly, however, most big oil companies have pulled out of lobbying for ANWR drilling have pulled out of lobbying for ANWR drilling

Environmentalist Environmentalist OppositionOpposition

Environmentalist Environmentalist OppositionOpposition

would affect animal population migration would affect animal population migration patternspatterns

No requirement that 2,000 acres be contiguousNo requirement that 2,000 acres be contiguous Companies would have right to drill anywhereCompanies would have right to drill anywhere Roads, etc. would have to be built to get oil outRoads, etc. would have to be built to get oil out

Porcupine and Central Arctic herdPorcupine and Central Arctic herd Use area to give birth and raise youngUse area to give birth and raise young

Polar bears, grizzly bears, and countless bird Polar bears, grizzly bears, and countless bird species use area for breeding and feedingspecies use area for breeding and feeding

would affect animal population migration would affect animal population migration patternspatterns

No requirement that 2,000 acres be contiguousNo requirement that 2,000 acres be contiguous Companies would have right to drill anywhereCompanies would have right to drill anywhere Roads, etc. would have to be built to get oil outRoads, etc. would have to be built to get oil out

Porcupine and Central Arctic herdPorcupine and Central Arctic herd Use area to give birth and raise youngUse area to give birth and raise young

Polar bears, grizzly bears, and countless bird Polar bears, grizzly bears, and countless bird species use area for breeding and feedingspecies use area for breeding and feeding

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Long-billed Long-billed dowitcherdowitcher

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Green-winged Green-winged tealteal

Peregrine falconPeregrine falcon

Oil would take ten years to hit marketOil would take ten years to hit market Even at peak production, would only be 3% of US oil Even at peak production, would only be 3% of US oil

consumptionconsumption If used as 5% of US daily consumption, would last around If used as 5% of US daily consumption, would last around

12 years12 years If used as 100%, would last around a yearIf used as 100%, would last around a year Would cause around 1 cent drop of price for a gallon of Would cause around 1 cent drop of price for a gallon of

gasolinegasoline BP, ConocoPhillips, and ChevronTexaco have pulled out BP, ConocoPhillips, and ChevronTexaco have pulled out

(oil companies don’t even want to drill there)(oil companies don’t even want to drill there) Takes focus off of real problem, our overconsumption Takes focus off of real problem, our overconsumption

issues and lack of sustainabilityissues and lack of sustainability THE ANIMALS!THE ANIMALS!

Oil would take ten years to hit marketOil would take ten years to hit market Even at peak production, would only be 3% of US oil Even at peak production, would only be 3% of US oil

consumptionconsumption If used as 5% of US daily consumption, would last around If used as 5% of US daily consumption, would last around

12 years12 years If used as 100%, would last around a yearIf used as 100%, would last around a year Would cause around 1 cent drop of price for a gallon of Would cause around 1 cent drop of price for a gallon of

gasolinegasoline BP, ConocoPhillips, and ChevronTexaco have pulled out BP, ConocoPhillips, and ChevronTexaco have pulled out

(oil companies don’t even want to drill there)(oil companies don’t even want to drill there) Takes focus off of real problem, our overconsumption Takes focus off of real problem, our overconsumption

issues and lack of sustainabilityissues and lack of sustainability THE ANIMALS!THE ANIMALS!

Local OppositionLocal OppositionLocal OppositionLocal Opposition

Gwich’in, live further southGwich’in, live further south Rely heavily on hunting, fishing, and Rely heavily on hunting, fishing, and

whalingwhaling Rely mostly on porcupine caribou who rely Rely mostly on porcupine caribou who rely

on coastal plain in ANWRon coastal plain in ANWR

Have heavily opposed drilling with Have heavily opposed drilling with protests and lobbyingprotests and lobbying

Present evidence that not everyone Present evidence that not everyone around the area is on boardaround the area is on board

Gwich’in, live further southGwich’in, live further south Rely heavily on hunting, fishing, and Rely heavily on hunting, fishing, and

whalingwhaling Rely mostly on porcupine caribou who rely Rely mostly on porcupine caribou who rely

on coastal plain in ANWRon coastal plain in ANWR

Have heavily opposed drilling with Have heavily opposed drilling with protests and lobbyingprotests and lobbying

Present evidence that not everyone Present evidence that not everyone around the area is on boardaround the area is on board

Important NotesImportant NotesImportant NotesImportant Notes Each side will use numbers that support their Each side will use numbers that support their

claims more directlyclaims more directly ““If you torture data long enough, they’ll admit to If you torture data long enough, they’ll admit to

anything”anything”

Each claim has a counterclaimEach claim has a counterclaim Ie. Gwich’in sold their land for oil exploration in the Ie. Gwich’in sold their land for oil exploration in the

1980s and now they oppose drilling in ANWR, where 1980s and now they oppose drilling in ANWR, where they don’t even livethey don’t even live

Fields will affect animals vs. other areas drill already Fields will affect animals vs. other areas drill already and animal populations have grown over timeand animal populations have grown over time

Each side will use numbers that support their Each side will use numbers that support their claims more directlyclaims more directly ““If you torture data long enough, they’ll admit to If you torture data long enough, they’ll admit to

anything”anything”

Each claim has a counterclaimEach claim has a counterclaim Ie. Gwich’in sold their land for oil exploration in the Ie. Gwich’in sold their land for oil exploration in the

1980s and now they oppose drilling in ANWR, where 1980s and now they oppose drilling in ANWR, where they don’t even livethey don’t even live

Fields will affect animals vs. other areas drill already Fields will affect animals vs. other areas drill already and animal populations have grown over timeand animal populations have grown over time

Current DevelopmentsCurrent DevelopmentsCurrent DevelopmentsCurrent Developments 2000, passed by Hour of Representatives2000, passed by Hour of Representatives

Rejected by Senate in 2002Rejected by Senate in 2002 2005, passed by Senate as part of federal 2005, passed by Senate as part of federal

budget resolutionbudget resolution Removed during reconciliation process by Democrats Removed during reconciliation process by Democrats

in House who signed a letter pledging to reject in House who signed a letter pledging to reject anything including ANWR drillinganything including ANWR drilling

2005, drilling amendment attached to defense 2005, drilling amendment attached to defense spending billspending bill Group of Democratic senators successfully Group of Democratic senators successfully

filibustered billfilibustered bill Currently still unable to drill thereCurrently still unable to drill there

2000, passed by Hour of Representatives2000, passed by Hour of Representatives Rejected by Senate in 2002Rejected by Senate in 2002

2005, passed by Senate as part of federal 2005, passed by Senate as part of federal budget resolutionbudget resolution Removed during reconciliation process by Democrats Removed during reconciliation process by Democrats

in House who signed a letter pledging to reject in House who signed a letter pledging to reject anything including ANWR drillinganything including ANWR drilling

2005, drilling amendment attached to defense 2005, drilling amendment attached to defense spending billspending bill Group of Democratic senators successfully Group of Democratic senators successfully

filibustered billfilibustered bill Currently still unable to drill thereCurrently still unable to drill there

As of three days ago, President Bush As of three days ago, President Bush held a press conference urging held a press conference urging Congress to open ANWRCongress to open ANWR Chastised House and Senate, making claims Chastised House and Senate, making claims

of lower gas prices and reduced reliance on of lower gas prices and reduced reliance on middle East for energymiddle East for energy

As of three days ago, President Bush As of three days ago, President Bush held a press conference urging held a press conference urging Congress to open ANWRCongress to open ANWR Chastised House and Senate, making claims Chastised House and Senate, making claims

of lower gas prices and reduced reliance on of lower gas prices and reduced reliance on middle East for energymiddle East for energy