aralar - oreka mendian · 2017. 12. 12. · aralar description and situation karst mountain massif,...
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ARALAR
Descriptionandsituation Karstmountainmassif,theeasternmostof
thedividinglinebetweenCantabrianand
Mediterraneanwaters,locatedatGipuzkoa's
south-easternend,ontheborderwith
Navarre
Surfacearea 10,962ha
Protectionstatus ZECNATURA2000(ES2120011)
Otherregionalornationalprotections NaturalParksince1994
Mainuses Ancestralpresenceofagriculture
(farmhouses),livestockandforestry.High
recreationaluse.
Ownership 57.5%public(MountainofPublicUse)
HabitatstargetedbyLIFE (4030)DryEuropeanheath,(4090)oro-Mediterraneanheath,(6170)calcareousalpineandsub-alpinemeadows,(6210)drysemi-naturalmeadows,(6230)plantformationswithNardus,(7140)transitionmires,(7210)calcareousmarsheswith
Cladiummariscusandwithcariciondavallanaspecies.Thesespeciesoccupy27%oftheZEC'ssurfacearea.
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TheAralarMountainRangeislocatedinGipuzkoa'ssouth-easternborder,extendinginto
Navarre,aswell.Thispredominantlycalcareousmassifbearsintensekarstmanifestations:
thereare850caves,with70kilometresofmacro-cavernsorgalleriesaccessible,mostofwhich
havenotevenbeenexplored.
Thenaturalforestscoveroverathirdofthespace,withlargeextensionsofbeech,andtoa
lesserextent,oak,holmoakandgalloak.Thisforestpanoramaiscompletedwithseveral
coniferplantations.
Theseforestmasseshostfaunacommunities,withcarnivoremammalspresent(marten,wild
cat,polecat,badger,etc.),birdsofprey(white-tailedkites,honeybuzzards,short-toedeagles,
long-earedowls,etc.),woodpeckers,batsandsomeinvertebratesofinterest,suchasthestag
beetle,CerambyxcerdoandRosaliaalpina.Thesnowvole,beardedvultureandalpinenewtarealsoofnote.
Oneofthemaincharacteristicsofthisspaceistheancestralpresenceoftraditionalterritory
uses,suchasagricultureinthefarmhouseenvironment,livestockandforestry.Thepasture
landsusedforlivestockdominatethehighplateaulandscape,occupyingapproximatelyone
thirdofthesurfacearea.80%ofthelivestock,fundamentallylatxasheep,areinpublicuse
zones,wherethepasturesareconjointlyused,andinrecentyears,thepractiseofmaking
cheeseinhutsespeciallydesignedtothisendhasbeenrecovered.
AcalcareousmarshwithCladiummariscuswasalsodetected,impoverishedbythe
proliferationofgrassandligneousspecies,andacidophilemarsheswithcompactingproblems
duetolivestocktrampling.OneoftheactionsincludedinthisLIFEprojectis,indeed,tocontrol
theimpactofthelivestockactivityonthesetohygro-peathabitats.