aprisa sr+ user manual 1.1.3 english

December 2013

Version 1.1.3

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Aprisa SR+ User Manual

Copyright

Copyright © 2013 4RF Limited. All rights reserved.

This document is protected by copyright belonging to 4RF Limited and may not be reproduced or

republished in whole or part in any form without the prior written permission of 4RF Limited.

Trademarks

Aprisa and the 4RF logo are trademarks of 4RF Limited.

Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries. Java

and all Java-related trademarks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the

United States and other countries. All other marks are the property of their respective owners.

Disclaimer

Although every precaution has been taken preparing this information, 4RF Limited assumes no liability for

errors and omissions, or any damages resulting from use of this information. This document or the

equipment may change, without notice, in the interests of improving the product.

RoHS and WEEE Compliance

The Aprisa SR+ is fully compliant with the European Commission’s RoHS (Restriction of Certain Hazardous

Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment) and WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment)

environmental directives.

Restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS)

The RoHS Directive prohibits the sale in the European Union of electronic equipment containing these

hazardous substances: lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs),

and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs).

4RF has worked with its component suppliers to ensure compliance with the RoHS Directive which came

into effect on the 1st July 2006.

End-of-life recycling programme (WEEE)

The WEEE Directive concerns the recovery, reuse, and recycling of electronic and electrical equipment.

Under the Directive, used equipment must be marked, collected separately, and disposed of properly.

4RF has instigated a programme to manage the reuse, recycling, and recovery of waste in an

environmentally safe manner using processes that comply with the WEEE Directive (EU Waste Electrical

and Electronic Equipment 2002/96/EC).

4RF invites questions from customers and partners on its environmental programmes and compliance with

the European Commission’s Directives ([email protected]).

2 |


Compliance General

The Aprisa SR+ radio predominantly operates within frequency bands that require a site license be issued

by the radio regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the territory in which the equipment is being

operated.

It is the responsibility of the user, before operating the equipment, to ensure that where required the

appropriate license has been granted and all conditions attendant to that license have been met.

Changes or modifications not approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s

authority to operate the equipment.

Equipment authorizations sought by 4RF are based on the Aprisa SR+ radio equipment being installed at a

fixed restricted access location and operated in point-to-multipoint or point-to-point mode within the

environmental profile defined by EN 300 019, Class 3.4. Operation outside these criteria may invalidate

the authorizations and / or license conditions.

The term ‘Radio’ with reference to the Aprisa SR+ User Manual, is a generic term for one end station of a

point-to-multipoint Aprisa SR+ network and does not confer any rights to connect to any public network or

to operate the equipment within any territory.

Compliance European Telecommunications Standards Institute

The Aprisa SR+ radio is designed to comply with the European Telecommunications Standards Institute

(ETSI) specifications as follows:

12.5 kHz and 25 kHz Channel

Radio performance EN 300 113-2

EMC EN 301 489 Parts 1 & 5

Environmental EN 300 019, Class 3.4

Ingress Protection code IP51

Safety EN 60950-1:2006

Class 1 div 2 for hazardous locations

Frequency band Channel size Power input Notified body

135-175 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz 12 VDC

320-400 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz 12 VDC

400-470 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz 12 VDC

450-520 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz 12 VDC

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Compliance Federal Communications Commission

The Aprisa SR+ radio is designed to comply with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

specifications as follows:

Radio 47CFR part 24, part 90 and part 101 Private Land Mobile Radio Services

EMC 47CFR part 15 Radio Frequency Devices, EN 301 489 Parts 1 & 4



Safety EN 60950-1:2006


Frequency Band Channel size Power input

Authorization FCC ID

135-175 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz 12 VDC Part 90 Pending

215-240 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50 kHz

12 VDC Part 90 Pending

400-470 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz 12 VDC Part 90 UIPSQ400M131



896-902 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50 kHz

12 VDC Part 24 Pending

928-960 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50 kHz

12 VDC Part 24 and Part 101

Pending

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device,

pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against

harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment

generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with

the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this

equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be

required to correct the interference at his own expense.

4 |


Compliance Industry Canada

The Aprisa SR+ radio is designed to comply with Industry Canada (IC) specifications as follows:

Radio RSS-119 / RSS-134

EMC This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian standard ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.



Safety EN 60950-1:2006


Frequency Band Channel size Power input

Authorization IC ID

135-175 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz 12 VDC RSS-119 Pending


400-470 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz 12 VDC RSS-119 6772A-SQ400M131


896-902 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50 kHz

12 VDC RSS-134 Pending

928-960 MHz 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz, 50 kHz

12 VDC RSS-119 and RSS-134

Pending

Compliance Hazardous Locations Notice

This product is suitable for use in Class 1, Division 2, Groups A - D hazardous locations or non-hazardous

locations.

The following text is printed on the Aprisa SR+ fascia:

WARNING: EXPLOSION HAZARD - Do not connect or disconnect while circuits are live unless area is known

to be non-hazardous.

The following text is printed on the Aprisa SR+ for product where the end user is in Canada:

AVERTISSEMENT: RISQUE D'EXPLOSION - Ne pas brancher ou débrancher tant que le circuit est sous

tension, à moins qu'il ne s'agisse d'un emplacement non dangereux.

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RF Exposure Warning

WARNING:

The installer and / or user of Aprisa SR+ radios shall ensure that a separation distance as given in the following table is maintained between the main axis of the terminal’s antenna and the body of the user or nearby persons.

Minimum separation distances given are based on the maximum values of the

following methodologies:

1. Maximum Permissible Exposure non-occupational limit (B or general public) of 47 CFR 1.1310 and the methodology of FCC’s OST/OET Bulletin number 65.

2. Reference levels as given in Annex III, European Directive on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) (1999/519/EC). These distances will ensure indirect compliance with the requirements of EN 50385:2002.

Frequency (MHz) Maximum Power (dBm) Note 1

Maximum Antenna Gain (dBi)

Minimum Separation Distance

(m)

135 + 37 15 2.5

175 + 37 15 2.5

215 + 37 15 2.5

240 + 37 15 2.5

320 + 37 15 2.5

400 + 37 15 2.5

450 + 37 15 2.3

470 + 37 15 2.3

520 + 37 15 2.3

896 + 37 28 7.5

902 + 37 28 7.5

928 + 37 28 7.5

960 + 37 28 7.5

Note 1: The Peak Envelope Power (PEP) at maximum set power level is +41 dBm.

Contents | 7


Contents

1. Getting Started ........................................................................ 13

2. Introduction ............................................................................ 15

About This Manual ............................................................................... 15 What It Covers ............................................................................ 15 Who Should Read It ...................................................................... 15 Contact Us ................................................................................. 15

What’s in the Box ............................................................................... 15 Aprisa SR+ Accessory Kit ................................................................ 16 Aprisa SR+ CD Contents .................................................................. 16

Software ............................................................................ 16 Documentation .................................................................... 16

3. About the Radio ....................................................................... 17

The 4RF Aprisa SR+ Radio ...................................................................... 17 Product Overview ............................................................................... 18

Network Coverage and Capacity ....................................................... 18 Automatic Registration .................................................................. 18 Remote Messaging ........................................................................ 18 Repeater Messaging ...................................................................... 19

Product Features ................................................................................ 20 Functions .................................................................................. 20 Performance .............................................................................. 21 Usability ................................................................................... 21 System Gain vs FEC Coding ............................................................. 22 Security .................................................................................... 23

Architecture ...................................................................................... 24 Product Operation ........................................................................ 24 Physical Layer ............................................................................. 24 Data Link Layer / MAC layer ............................................................ 25

Channel Access .................................................................... 25 Hop by Hop Transmission ......................................................... 25 Adaptive Coding Modulation ..................................................... 26

Network Layer ............................................................................ 27 Packet Routing ..................................................................... 27 Static IP Router .................................................................... 28 Bridge Mode with VLAN Aware .................................................. 30 VLAN Bridge Mode Description .................................................. 31

Avoiding Narrow Band Radio Traffic Overloading .................................... 33 Interfaces ......................................................................................... 35

Antenna Interface ........................................................................ 35 Ethernet Interface ....................................................................... 35 RS-232 Interface .......................................................................... 35 USB Interfaces ............................................................................ 35 Protect Interface ......................................................................... 35 Alarms Interface .......................................................................... 35

Front Panel Connections ....................................................................... 36 LED Display Panel ............................................................................... 37

Normal Operation ........................................................................ 37 Single Radio Software Upgrade ......................................................... 38 Network Software Upgrade ............................................................. 38

8 | Contents


Test Mode ................................................................................. 39 Network Management .......................................................................... 40 Hardware Alarm Inputs / Outputs ............................................................ 41

Alarm Input to SNMP Trap ............................................................... 41 Alarm Input to Alarm Output ........................................................... 41 Aprisa SR Alarm Input to Aprisa SR+ Alarm Output .................................. 41

4. Implementing the Network.......................................................... 42

Network Topologies ............................................................................. 42 Point-To-Point Network .......................................................... 42 Point-to-Multipoint Network ..................................................... 42 Point-to-Multipoint with Repeater 1 ............................................ 42 Point-to-Multipoint with Repeater 2 ............................................ 42

Initial Network Deployment ................................................................... 43 Install the Base Station .................................................................. 43 Installing the Remote Stations ......................................................... 43 Install a Repeater Station ............................................................... 43

Network Changes ................................................................................ 44 Adding a Repeater Station .............................................................. 44 Adding a Remote Station ................................................................ 44

5. Preparation ............................................................................ 45

Bench Setup ...................................................................................... 45 Path Planning .................................................................................... 46

Antenna Selection and Siting ........................................................... 46 Base or Repeater Station ......................................................... 46 Remote station .................................................................... 47 Antenna Siting ..................................................................... 48

Coaxial Feeder Cables ................................................................... 49 Linking System Plan ...................................................................... 49

Site Requirements ............................................................................... 50 Power Supply .............................................................................. 50 Equipment Cooling ....................................................................... 50 Earthing and Lightning Protection ..................................................... 51

Feeder Earthing .................................................................... 51 Radio Earthing ..................................................................... 51

6. Installing the Radio ................................................................... 52

Mounting .......................................................................................... 52 Required Tools ............................................................................ 52 DIN Rail Mounting ........................................................................ 53 Rack Shelf Mounting ..................................................................... 54 Wall Mounting ............................................................................. 55

Installing the Antenna and Feeder Cable .................................................... 56 Connecting the Power Supply ................................................................. 57

External Power Supplies ................................................................. 57 Spare Fuses ................................................................................ 58

Additional Spare Fuses ............................................................ 59

Contents | 9


7. Managing the Radio ................................................................... 61

SuperVisor ........................................................................................ 61 Connecting to SuperVisor ............................................................... 61

Management PC Connection ..................................................... 62 PC Settings for SuperVisor ....................................................... 63 Login to SuperVisor................................................................ 67 Logout of SuperVisor .............................................................. 68 SuperVisor Page Layout ........................................................... 69 SuperVisor Menu ................................................................... 71 SuperVisor Menu Access .......................................................... 72

Standard Radio............................................................................ 74 Terminal ............................................................................ 74 Radio ................................................................................ 88 Serial .............................................................................. 108 Ethernet .......................................................................... 113 Networking ....................................................................... 123 Security ........................................................................... 130 Maintenance ..................................................................... 145 Events ............................................................................. 160 Software .......................................................................... 171 Network Status .................................................................. 186

Command Line Interface ..................................................................... 193 Connecting to the Management Port ................................................ 193 CLI Commands .......................................................................... 196

Viewing the CLI Terminal Summary ........................................... 197 Changing the Radio IP Address with the CLI ................................. 197

In-Service Commissioning .................................................................... 198 Before You Start ............................................................................... 198

What You Will Need .................................................................... 198 Antenna Alignment ............................................................................ 199

Aligning the Antennas ................................................................. 199

10 | Contents


8. Product Options ...................................................................... 200

Data Interface Ports .......................................................................... 200 Protected Station ............................................................................. 201

Protected Ports ......................................................................... 202 Operation ................................................................................ 202

Switch Over ...................................................................... 202 Switching Criteria ............................................................... 203 Configuration Management .................................................... 203 Hardware Manual Lock ......................................................... 204 Remote Control .................................................................. 204 L2 / L3 Protection Operation .................................................. 205 Hot-Swappable ................................................................... 205

Installation .............................................................................. 206 Mounting .......................................................................... 206 Cabling ............................................................................ 206 Power ............................................................................. 206 Alarms ............................................................................. 206

Data Driven Protected Station............................................................... 207 Operation ................................................................................ 207

Duplexer Kits ................................................................................... 208 UHF Duplexer Kits ...................................................................... 208 VHF Duplexer Kits ...................................................................... 209

USB RS-232 Serial Port ........................................................................ 210 USB RS-232 operation .................................................................. 210 Cabling Options ......................................................................... 211

USB Retention Clip .............................................................. 211

9. Maintenance .......................................................................... 213

No User-Serviceable Components ........................................................... 213 Radio Software Upgrade ...................................................................... 214

Network Software Upgrade ........................................................... 214 Upgrade Process ................................................................. 214

Single Radio Software Upgrade ....................................................... 215 File Transfer Method ............................................................ 215 USB Boot Upgrade Method ..................................................... 216 Software Downgrade ............................................................ 217

10. Interface Connections ............................................................... 218

RJ45 Connector Pin Assignments ............................................................ 218 Ethernet Interface Connections ............................................................. 218 RS-232 Serial Interface Connections ........................................................ 219 Alarm Interface Connections ................................................................ 219 Protection Switch Remote Control Connections .......................................... 219

11. Alarm Types and Sources ........................................................... 220

Alarm Types .................................................................................... 220 Alarm Events ............................................................................ 221 Informational Events ................................................................... 225

Contents | 11


12. Specifications ......................................................................... 226

RF Specifications .............................................................................. 226 Frequency Bands ....................................................................... 226 Channel Sizes ........................................................................... 227 Receiver ................................................................................. 230 Transmitter ............................................................................. 233 Modem ................................................................................... 234 Data Payload Security ................................................................. 234

Interface Specifications ...................................................................... 235 Ethernet Interface ..................................................................... 235 RS-232 Asynchronous Interface ....................................................... 236 Hardware Alarms Interface ........................................................... 237 Protection Switch Specifications ..................................................... 237

Power Specifications .......................................................................... 238 Power Supply ............................................................................ 238 Power Consumption .................................................................... 239 Power Dissipation ...................................................................... 239

General Specifications ........................................................................ 240 Environmental .......................................................................... 240 Mechanical .............................................................................. 240 Compliance .............................................................................. 241

13. Product End Of Life .................................................................. 242

End-of-Life Recycling Programme (WEEE) ................................................. 242 The WEEE Symbol Explained .......................................................... 242 WEEE Must Be Collected Separately ................................................. 242 YOUR ROLE in the Recovery of WEEE ................................................ 242 EEE Waste Impacts the Environment and Health .................................. 242

14. Abbreviations ......................................................................... 243

15. Index ................................................................................... 244

Getting Started | 13


1. Getting Started

This section is an overview of the steps required to commission an Aprisa SR+ radio network in the field:

Phase 1: Pre-installation

1. Confirm path planning. Page 46

2. Ensure that the site preparation is complete:

Power requirements

Tower requirements

Environmental considerations, for example, temperature control

Mounting space

Page 49

Phase 2: Installing the radios

1. Mount the radio. Page 52

2. Connect earthing to the radio. Page 51

3. Confirm that the:

Antenna is mounted and visually aligned

Feeder cable is connected to the antenna

Feeder connections are tightened to recommended level

Tower earthing is complete

4. Install lightning protection. Page 51

5. Connect the coaxial jumper cable between the lightning protection and the

radio antenna port.

Page 56

6. Connect the power to the radio. Page 57

14 | Getting Started


Phase 3: Establishing the link

1. If radio’s IP address is not the default IP address (169.254.50.10 with a subnet

mask of 255.255.0.0) and you don’t know the radio’s IP address see ‘Command

Line Interface’ on page 193.

Page 193

2. Connect the Ethernet cable between the radio’s Ethernet port and the PC.

3. Confirm that the PC IP settings are correct for the Ethernet connection:

IP address

Subnet mask

Gateway IP address

Page 63

4. Open a web browser and login to the radio. Page 67

5. Set or confirm the RF characteristics:

TX and RX frequencies

TX output power

Page 90

6. Compare the actual RSSI to the expected RSSI value (from your path planning).

7. Align the antennas. Page 199

8. Confirm that the radio is operating correctly; the OK, MODE and AUX LEDs are

green.

Introduction | 15


2. Introduction

About This Manual

What It Covers

This user manual describes how to install and configure an Aprisa SR+ point-to-multipoint digital radio

network.

It specifically documents an Aprisa SR+ radio running system software version 1.1.3.

It is recommended that you read the relevant sections of this manual before installing or operating the

radios.

Who Should Read It

This manual has been written for professional field technicians and engineers who have an appropriate

level of training and experience.

Contact Us

If you experience any difficulty installing or using Aprisa SR+ after reading this manual, please contact

Customer Support or your local 4RF representative.

Our area representative contact details are available from our website:

4RF Limited

26 Glover Street, Ngauranga

PO Box 13-506

Wellington 6032

New Zealand

E-mail [email protected]

Web site www.4rf.com

Telephone +64 4 499 6000

Facsimile +64 4 473 4447

Attention Customer Services

What’s in the Box

Inside the box you will find:

One Aprisa SR+ radio fitted with a power connector.

One Aprisa SR+ Accessory kit containing the following:

Aprisa SR+ CD

Aprisa SR+ Quick Start Guide

Management Cable

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.4rf.com/

16 | Introduction


Aprisa SR+ Accessory Kit

The accessory kit contains the following items:

Aprisa SR+ Quick Start Guide

Aprisa SR+ CD

Management Cable

USB Cable USB A to USB micro B, 1m

Aprisa SR+ CD Contents

The Aprisa SR+ CD contains the following:

Software

The latest version of the radio software (see ‘Radio Software Upgrade’ on page 214)

USB Serial Driver

Web browsers - Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer are included for your convenience

Adobe™ Acrobat® Reader® which you need to view the PDF files on the Aprisa SR+ CD

Documentation

User manual - an electronic (PDF) version for you to view online or print

Product collateral - application overviews, product description, quick start guide, case studies,

software release notes and white papers

About the Radio | 17


3. About the Radio

The 4RF Aprisa SR+ Radio

The 4RF Aprisa SR+ is a point-to-multipoint digital radio providing secure narrowband wireless data

connectivity for SCADA, infrastructure and telemetry applications.

The radios carry a combination of serial data and Ethernet data between the base station, repeater

stations and remote stations.

A single Aprisa SR+ is configurable as a point-to-multipoint base station, a remote station or a repeater

station.

18 | About the Radio


Product Overview

Network Coverage and Capacity

The Aprisa SR+ has a typical link range of up to 120 km, however, geographic features, such as hills,

mountains, trees and foliage, or other path obstructions, such as buildings, will limit radio coverage.

Additionally, geography may reduce network capacity at the edge of the network where errors may occur

and require retransmission. However, the Aprisa SR+ uses 10W output power and Forward Error Correction

(FEC) which greatly improves the sensitivity and system gain performance of the radio resulting in less

retries and minimal reduction in capacity.

Ultimately, the overall performance of any specific network will be defined by a range of factors including

the RF output power, the modulation used and its related receiver sensitivity, the geographic location,

the number of remote stations in the base station coverage area and the traffic profile across the

network. Effective network design will distribute the total number of remote stations across the available

base stations to ensure optimal geographic coverage and network capacity.

One base station can register and operate with up to 500 remote / repeater stations.

The practical limit of remote / repeater stations that can operate with one base station is determined by

a range of factors including the number of services, the packet sizes, the protocols used, the message

types and network timeouts.

Automatic Registration

On start-up, the remote station transmits a registration message to the base stations which responds with

a registration response. This allows the base station to record the details of all the remote stations active

in the network.

If a remote station cannot register with the base station after multiple attempts (RF LED flashing red)

within 10 minutes, it will automatically reboot. If a remote station has registered with the base station

but then loses communication, it will automatically reboot within 2 minutes.

Remote Messaging

There are two message types in the Aprisa SR+ network, broadcast messages and unicast messages.

Broadcast messages are transmitted by the base station to the remote stations and unicast messages are

transmitted by the remote station to the base station. These messages are commonly referred to as uplink

(unicast remote to base) and downlink (broadcast base to remote).

All remotes within the coverage area will receive broadcast messages and pass them on to either the

Ethernet or serial interface. The RTU determines if the message is intended for it and will accept it or

discard it.



Repeater Messaging

The Aprisa SR+ uses a routed protocol throughout the network whereby messages contain source and

destination addresses. Upon registration, the radios populate an internal neighbor table to identify the

radios in the network. The remote stations will register with a base station, or a repeater, and the

repeater registers with a base station. In networks with a repeater, the repeater must register with the

base station before the remotes can register with the repeater.

Additionally, all messages contain a ‘message type’ field in the header and messages are designated as

either a ‘broadcast’ message, originating from a base station, or a ‘unicast’ message, originating from a

remote station.

In a network with a repeater, or multiple repeaters, the base station broadcasts a message which contains

a message type, a source address and a destination address. The repeater receives the message and

recognizes it is a broadcast message, from the message type and source address and re-broadcasts the

message across the network. All remote stations in the coverage area will receive the message but only

the radio with the destination address will act upon the message.

Similarly, the remote station will send a unicast message which contains a message type (unicast) a source

address and a destination address (the base station). The repeater will receive this message; recognize

the message type and source address and forward it to the destination address.

It is this methodology which prevents repeater-repeater loops. If there is repeater (A) which, in some

circumstances, is able to pick up the RF signal from another repeater (B), it will not forward the message

as it will only forward broadcast messages from the base station (recognized by the source address). For

unicast messages the repeater (A) will recognize that the message (from repeater (B)) is not from a

remote with which it has an association and similarly ignore the message.



Product Features

Functions

Point-to-Point (PTP) or Point-to-Multipoint (PMP) operation

Licensed frequency bands:

VHF 135 135-175 MHz

VHF 220 215-240 MHz

UHF 320 320-400 MHz

UHF 400 400-470 MHz

UHF 450 450-520 MHz

UHF 896 896-902 MHz

UHF 928 928-960 MHz

Channel sizes – software selectable:

12.5 kHz

25 kHz

50 kHz

Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM): QPSK to 64 QAM

Half duplex or full duplex RF operation (full duplex channel access for point-to-multipoint

available in a future software release)

Ethernet data interface and RS-232 asynchronous multiple port options

Software selectable dual / single antenna port options (dual antenna port for external duplexers or

filters)

Data encryption and authentication using 128,192 and 256 bit AES and CCM security standards

Terminal server operation for transporting RS-232 traffic over IP or Ethernet

IEEE 802.1Q VLAN support with single and double VLAN tagged and add/remove VLAN manipulation

to adapt to the appropriate RTU / PLCs

QoS supports using IEEE 802.1p VLAN priority bits to prioritize and handle the VLAN / traffic types

L2/3/4 filtering for security and avoiding narrow band radio network overload

L3 Router mode with standard static IP route for simple routing network integration

L2 Bridge mode with VLAN aware for standard Industrial LAN integration

Ethernet header and IP/TCP/UDP ROCH header compression to increase the narrow band radio

capacity

Ethernet and serial payload compression to increase the narrow band radio capacity

Pseudo peer to peer communication between remote stations through base-repeater or repeater

stations

SuperVisor web management support for element and sub-network (base-repeater-remotes)

management

SNMPv1/2/3 & encryption MIB supports for 4RF SNMP manager or third party SNMP agent network

management

SNTP for accurate wide radio network time and date

Build-configuration / flexibility of serial and Ethernet interface ports (3+1, 2+2, 4+0)

Radio and user interface redundancy (provided with Aprisa SR+ Protected Station)

Protected Station fully hot swappable and monitored hot standby

Transparent to all common SCADA protocols; e.g. Modbus, IEC 60870-5-101/104, DNP3 or similar

Complies with international standards, including ETSI, FCC, IC, EMC, safety and environmental

standards



Performance

Typical deployment of 30 remote stations from one base station with a practical limit of a few

hundred remote stations

Long distance operation

High transmit power

Low noise receiver

Forward Error Correction

Electronic tuning over the frequency band

Thermal management for high power over a wide temperature range

Usability

Configuration / diagnostics via front panel Management Port USB interface, Ethernet interface

Built-in webserver SuperVisor with full configuration, diagnostics and monitoring functionality,

including remote station configuration / diagnostics over the radio link

LED display for on-site diagnostics

Dedicated alarm port

Software upgrade and diagnostic reporting via the host port USB flash drive

Over-the-air software distribution and upgrades

Simple installation with integrated mounting holes for wall, DIN rail and rack shelf mounting



System Gain vs FEC Coding

This table shows the relationship between modulation, FEC coding, system gain, capacity and coverage.

Maximum FEC coding results in the highest system gain, the best coverage but the least capacity

Minimum FEC coding results in lower system gain, lower coverage but higher capacity

No FEC coding results in the lowest system gain, the lowest coverage but the highest capacity

This table defines the modulation order based on gross capacity:

Modulation FEC Coding Capacity

QPSK (High Gain) Max Coded FEC Minimum

QPSK (Low Gain) Min Coded FEC

16QAM (High Gain) Max Coded FEC

QPSK No FEC

16QAM (Low Gain) Min Coded FEC

16QAM No FEC


64QAM (Low Gain) Min Coded FEC Maximum

This table defines the modulation order based on receiver sensitivity:

Modulation FEC Coding Coverage

QPSK (High Gain) Max Coded FEC Maximum

QPSK (Low Gain) Min Coded FEC


QPSK No FEC

16QAM (Low Gain) Min Coded FEC


16QAM No FEC

64QAM (Low Gain) Min Coded FEC Minimum



Security

The Aprisa SR+ provides security features to implement the key recommendations for industrial control

systems. The security provided builds upon the best in class from multiple standards bodies, including:

IEC/TR 62443 (TC65) ‘Industrial Communications Networks – Network and System Security’

IEC/TS 62351 (TC57) ‘Power System Control and Associated Communications – Data and

Communication Security’

FIPS PUB 197, NIST SP 800-38C, IETF RFC3394, RFC3610 and IEEE P1711/P1689/P1685

The security features implemented are:

Data encryption

Counter Mode Encryption (CTR) using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128, 192, 258 bit,

based on FIPS PUB 197 AES encryption (using Rijndael version 3.0)

Data authentication

NIST SP 800-38C Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code (CBC-MAC) based on RFC

3610 using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)

Data payload security

CCM Counter with CBC-MAC integrity (NIST special publication 800-38C)

Secured management interface protects configuration

L2 / L3 / L4 Address filtering enables traffic source authorization

Proprietary physical layer protocol and modified MAC layer protocol based on standardized IEEE

802.15.4

Licensed radio spectrum provides recourse against interference

SNMPv3 with Encryption for NMS secure access

Secure USB software upgrade

Key Encryption Key (KEK) based on RFC 3394, for secure Over The Air Re-keying (OTAR) of

encryption keys

User privilege allows the accessibility control of the different radio network users and the user

permissions



Architecture

The Aprisa SR+ Architecture is based around a layered TCP/IP protocol stack:

Physical

Proprietary wireless

RS-232 and Ethernet interfaces

Link

Proprietary wireless (channel access, ARQ, segmentation)

VLAN aware Ethernet bridge

Network

Standard IP

Proprietary automatic radio routing table population algorithm

Transport

TCP, UDP

Application

HTTPS web management access through base station with proprietary management application

software including management of remote stations over the radio link

SNMPv1/2/3 for network management application software

Product Operation

There are three components to the wireless interface: the Physical Layer (PHY), the Data Link Layer (DLL)

and the Network Layer. These three layers are required to transport data across the wireless channel in

the Point-to-Multipoint (PMP) configuration. The Aprisa SR+ DLL is largely based on the 802.15.4 MAC layer

using a proprietary implementation.

Physical Layer

The Aprisa SR+ PHY uses a one or two frequency half duplex transmission mode which eliminates the need

for a duplexer. However, a Dual Antenna port option is available for separate transmit and receive

antenna connection to support external duplexers or filters (half duplex operation).

Remote nodes are predominantly in receive mode with only sporadic bursts of transmit data. This reduces

power consumption.

The Aprisa SR+ is a packet based radio. Data is sent over the wireless channel in discrete packets /

frames, separated in time. The PHY demodulates data within these packets with coherent detection.

The Aprisa SR+ PHY provides carrier, symbol and frame synchronization predominantly through the use of

preambles. This preamble prefixes all packets sent over the wireless channel which enables fast

Synchronization.



Data Link Layer / MAC layer

The Aprisa SR+ PHY enables multiple users to be able to share a single wireless channel; however a DLL is

required to manage data transport. The two key components to the DLL are channel access and hop by

hop transmission.

Channel Access

The Aprisa SR+ radio has two modes of channel access, Access Request and Listen Before Send.

Option Function

Access Request Channel access scheme where the base stations controls the communication on the channel. Remotes ask for access to the channel, and the base station grants access if the channel is not occupied.

Listen Before Send Channel access scheme where network elements listen to ensure the channel is clear, before trying to access the channel.

Access Request

This scheme is particularly suited to digital SCADA systems where all data flows through the base station.

In this case it is important that the base station has contention-free access as it is involved in every

transaction. The channel access scheme assigns the base station as the channel access arbitrator and

therefore inherently it has contention-free access to the channel. This means that there is no possibility

of contention on data originating from the base station. As all data flows to or from the base station, this

significantly improves the robustness of the system.

All data messages are controlled via the AG (access grant) control message and therefore there is no

possibility of contention on the actual end user data. If a remote station accesses the channel, the only

contention risk is on the AR (access request) control message. These control messages are designed to be

as short as possible and therefore the risk of collision of these control messages is significantly reduced.

Should collisions occur these are resolved using a random back off and retry mechanism.

As the base station controls all data transactions multiple applications can be effectively handled,

including a mixture of polling and report by exception.

Listen Before Send

The Listen Before Send channel access scheme is realized using Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA). In

this mode, a pending transmission requires the channel to be clear. This is determined by monitoring the

channel for other signals for a set time prior to transmission. This results in reduced collisions and

improved channel capacity.

There are still possibilities for collisions with this technique e.g. if two radios simultaneously determine

the channel is clear and transmit at the same time. In this case an acknowledged transaction may be used.

The transmitter requests an ACK to ensure that the transmission has been successful. If the transmitter

does not receive an ACK, then random backoffs are used to reschedule the next transmission.

Hop by Hop Transmission

Hop by Hop Transmission is realized in the Aprisa SR+ by adding a MAC address header to the packet. For

802.15.4, there are 2 addresses, the source and destination addresses.



Adaptive Coding Modulation

The Aprisa SR+ provides Adaptive Coding Modulation (ACM) which maximizes the use of the RF path to

provide the highest radio capacity available.

ACM automatically adjusts the modulation coding and FEC code rate in the remote to base direction of

transmission over the defined modulation range based on the signal quality for each individual remote

radio.

When the RF path is healthy (no fading), modulation coding is increased and the FEC code rate is

decreased to maximize the data capacity.

If the RF path quality degrades, modulation coding is decreased and the FEC code rate is increased for

maximum robustness to maintain path connectivity.



Network Layer

Packet Routing

Aprisa SR+ is a standard static IP router which routes and forwards IP packet based on standard IP address

and routing table decisions.

Aprisa SR+ router mode (see figure below), enables the routing of IP packets within the Aprisa SR+ wireless

network and in and out to the external router / IP RTUs devices connected to the Aprisa SR+ wired

Ethernet ports.

Within the Aprisa SR+ Router mode, each incoming Ethernet packet on the Ethernet port is stripped from

its Ethernet header to reveal the IP packet and to route the IP packet based on its routing table. If the

destination IP address is one of the RTUs, the packet is then forwarded to the wireless ports and

broadcasted as a PMP wireless packet to all the repeater / remotes stations. The appropriate remote then

routes the IP packet and forwards it based on its routing table to the appropriate Ethernet port,

encapsulating the appropriate next hop MAC header and forwarding it to the RTU. The RTU can then

interpret and process the IP data and communication is established between the RTU and the initiating

communication device.



Static IP Router

The Aprisa SR+ works in the point-to-multipoint (PMP) network as a standard static IP router with the

Ethernet and wireless / radio as interfaces and serial ports using terminal server as a virtual interface.

The Aprisa SR+ static router is semi-automated operation, where the routing table is automatically

created in the base station and populated with routes to all remotes and repeater stations in the network

during the registration process and vice versa, where the routing table is automatically created in remote

and repeater stations and populated with routes to base station during the registration process. Updates

occur when remote is disconnected from network for any reason, with the routing table updated in a

controlled fashion.

Also, in decommission operation, the base station routing tables are completely flushed allowing an

automatic rebuild. This avoids the user manually inserting / removing of multiple static routes to build /

change the routes in the network which might be tedious and introduce significant human error. The

Aprisa SR+ works as a static IP router without using any routing protocol and therefore does not have the

overhead of a routing protocol for better utilization of the narrow bandwidth network.

In addition to the semi-automated routes, the user can manually add / remove routes in the routing table

for the radio interface, Ethernet Interface and for routers which are connected to the radio network.

The Aprisa SR+ base station is used as a gateway to other networks. Thus, a configurable IP address

default gateway can be set using a static route in the routing table with a destination IP address of

0.0.0.0. It is used by the router when an IP address does not match any other routes in the routing table.

The Aprisa SR+ sub-netting rules distinguish between the wireless interface and the remote Ethernet

interface where RTUs are connected. The entire wireless network is set on a single IP subnet, while each

Aprisa SR+ remote’s Ethernet interface is set to a different subnet network. In this way, the user can

easily distinguish between the remotes subnet IP addresses.



Static IP Router – Human Error Free

To ensure correct operation, the Aprisa SR+ router base station alerts when one (or more) of the devices is

not configured for router mode or a duplicated IP is detected when manually added.

When the user changes the base station IP address / subnet, the base station sends an ARP unsolicited

announcement message and the remotes / repeaters auto-update their routing table accordingly. This also

allows the router that is connected to the base station to update its next hop IP address and its routing

table.

When the user changes the remote / repeater station IP address / subnet, a re-registration process in the

base station then auto-updates its routing table accordingly.

Terminal Server - Transition to Converged Ethernet / IP Network

Customers that are transitioning their SCADA network to an Ethernet / IP SCADA network, can

simultaneously operate their legacy serial RTUs, not as a separate serial network to the new Ethernet / IP

network, but as part of the Ethernet / IP network, by using the terminal server feature.

The Aprisa SR+ terminal server is an application running in the radio that encapsulates serial traffic into

Ethernet / IP traffic. For SCADA networks, this enables the use of both serial and Ethernet / IP RTUs

within an Ethernet / IP based SCADA network.



Bridge Mode with VLAN Aware

Ethernet VLAN Bridge / Switch Overview

The Aprisa SR+ in Bridge mode of operation is a standard Ethernet Bridge based on IEEE 802.1d or VLAN

Bridge based on IEEE 802.1q/p which forward / switch Ethernet packet based on standard MAC addresses

and VLANs using FDB (forwarding database) table decisions. VLAN is short for Virtual LAN and is a virtual

separate network, within its own broadcast domain, but across the same physical network.

VLANs offer several important benefits such as improved network performance, increased security and

simplified network management.

The Aprisa SR+ Bridge mode (see figure below), is the default mode of operation and it enables the

switching / bridging of Ethernet VLAN tagged or untagged packets within the Aprisa SR+ wireless network

and in and out to the external Industrial LAN network and RTUs devices connected to the Aprisa SR+ wired

Ethernet ports or serial ports through the terminal server function.

Within the Aprisa SR+ Bridge mode, each incoming Ethernet packet is inspected for the destination MAC

address (and VLAN) and looks up its FDB table for information on where to send the specific Ethernet

frame. If the FDB table doesn’t contain the specific MAC address, it will flood the Ethernet frame out to

all ports in the broadcast domain and when using VLAN, the broadcast domain is narrowed to the specific

VLAN used in the packet (i.e. broadcast will be done only to the ports which configured with that specific

VLAN).

The FDB table is used to store the MAC addresses that have been learnt and the ports associated with that

MAC address. If the destination MAC address is one of the RTUs, the packet is then forwarded to the

wireless ports and broadcast as a PMP wireless packet to all the repeater / remote stations. The

appropriate remote then switches the Ethernet packet and forwards it based on its FDB table (based on

the MAC or VLAN & MAC) to the appropriate Ethernet port to the RTU. The RTU can then interpret and

process the Ethernet / IP data and communication is established between the RTU and the initiating

communication device.



VLAN Bridge Mode Description

General – Aprisa SR+ VLAN Bridge

The Aprisa SR+ works in a point-to-multipoint (PMP) network as a standard VLAN bridge with the Ethernet

and wireless / radio as interfaces and serial ports using terminal server as a virtual interface.

The Aprisa SR+ is a standard IEEE 802.1q VLAN bridge, where the FDB table is created by the bridge

learning / aging process. New MACs are learnt and the FDB table updated. Unused MACs are aged out and

flushed automatically after aging period.

VLANs are statically configured by the user on the ports where a Virtual LAN is required across the radio

network. An example of VLAN isolation of traffic type is shown in the figure below, where RTUs #1, 4 and

6 together with SCADA meter master form a Virtual LAN which is isolated from the other devices, even

though they are on the same physical network. VLAN management can be used to manage with external

NMS all the Aprisa SR+ devices on the radio network and is automatically created with a VLAN ID = 1

default value. The VLAN ID can be changed by the user later on.

Each device in the Aprisa SR+ bridge is identified by its own IP address, as shown in the figure.



VLANs – Single, Double and Trunk VLAN ports

The Aprisa SR+ supports single VLAN (CVLAN), double VLAN (SVLAN) and trunk VLAN.

A single VLAN can be used to segregate traffic type.

A double VLAN can be used to distinguish between Aprisa SR+ sub-networks (base-repeater-remote),

where the outer SVLAN is used to identify the sub-network and the CVLAN is used to identify the traffic

type. In this case, a double tagged VLAN will be forwarded across the Industrial LAN network and switched

based on the SVLAN to the appropriate Aprisa SR+ sub-network. When packet enters the Aprisa SR+

network, the SVLAN will be stripped off (removed) and the forwarding will be done based on the CVLAN,

so only a single VLAN will pass through over the radio network and double VLAN will be valid on the

borders of the radio network.

Trunk VLAN is also supported by the Aprisa SR+ where the user can configure multiple VLANs on a specific

Ethernet port, creating a trunk VLAN port. For example, in the above figure, a single trunk VLAN port is

created between the switch and the Aprisa SR+ base station, carrying VLAN ID #1, 20, 30 and 40.

VLAN Manipulation – Add / Remove VLAN Tags

In order to support double VLAN and different device types connected to the Aprisa SR+ e.g. switches,

RTUs, etc, which can be VLAN tagged or untagged / plain Ethernet devices, add / remove VLAN

manipulation is required.

In an Aprisa SR+ VLAN tagged network, a remote Aprisa SR+ connected to a plain RTU without VLAN

support, will remove (strip-off) the VLAN tag from the packet before sending it to the RTU. On the other

direction, when the RTU is sending an untagged packet, the Aprisa SR+ will add (append) an appropriate

user pre-configure VLAN tag before sending it over the air to the base station. This is shown in the above

figure on untagged RTU #5 and 7.

QoS using VLAN

VLANs carry 3 priority bits (PCP field) in the VLAN tag allowing prioritization of VLAN tagged traffic types

with 8 levels of priority (where 7 is the highest priority and 0 is the lowest priority). The Aprisa SR+

supports QoS (Quality of Service) where the priority bits in the VLAN tagged frame are evaluated and

mapped to four priority levels and four queues supported by the Aprisa SR+ radio. Packets in the queues

are then scheduled out in a strict priority fashion for transmission over-the-air as per the priority level

from high to low.



Avoiding Narrow Band Radio Traffic Overloading

The Aprisa SR+ supports mechanisms to prevent narrowband radio network overload:

1. L3/L4 Filtering

The L3 filtering can be used to block undesired traffic from being transferred on the narrow band channel,

occupying the channel and risking the SCADA critical traffic. L3/4 filtering has the ability to block a known

IP address and applications using TCP/IP or UDP/IP protocols with multiple filtering rules. The L3 (/L4)

filter can block/forward (discard/process) a specific IP address and a range of IP addresses. Each IP

addressing filtering rule set can also be set to filter a L4 TCP or UDP port/s which in most cases relates to

specific applications as per IANA official and unofficial well-known ports. For example, filter and block E-

mail SMTP or TFTP protocol as undesired traffic over the SCADA network. The user can block a specific or

range of IP port addresses, examples SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) TCP port 25 or TFTP (Simple

Trivial File Transfer Protocol) UDP port 69.

2. L2 Address Filtering

L2 Filtering (Bridge Mode) provides the ability to filter radio link traffic based on specified Layer 2 MAC

addresses. Destination MAC (DA) addresses and a Source MAC (SA) addresses and protocol type (ARP, VLAN,

IPv4, IPv6 or Any type) that meet the filtering criteria will be transmitted over the radio link. Traffic that

does not meet the filtering criteria will not be transmitted over the radio link.

3. L2 Port VLANs Ingress Filtering and QoS

Double VLAN (Bridge Mode)

Double VLAN is used to distinguish/segregate between different radio sub-networks (Base-repeaters-

remotes). Traffic with double VLANs which are not destined to a specific sub-network will be discarded on

the ingress of the radio sub-network, avoiding the overload of the radio sub-network.

Single VLAN (Bridge Mode)

Single VLAN is used to distinguish/segregate between different traffic types assigned by the user in its

industrial corporate LAN. In order to avoid the overload of the radio network, traffic with single VLANs

which are not destined to a specific radio network will be discarded on the Ethernet ingress port of the

radio network. All single VLANs which set and are eligible will be transmitted over the radio link.

QoS using 802.1p priority bits (Bridge Mode)

The priority bits can be used in the VLAN tagged frames to prioritized critical mission SCADA traffic and

ensure SCADA traffic transmission relative to any other unimportant traffic. In this case, traffic based on

VLAN priority (priority 0 to 7) enters one of the four priority queues of the Aprisa SR+ (Very High, High,

Medium and Low). Traffic leaves the queues (to the radio network) from highest priority to lowest in a

strict priority fashion.

4. Ethernet port QoS

The Aprisa SR+ supports ‘Ethernet Per Port Prioritization’. Each Ethernet port can be assigned a priority

and traffic shall be prioritized accordingly. This is quite useful in networks where customers do not use

VLANs or cannot use 802.1p prioritization.



5. Ethernet Data and Management Priority and Background Bulk Data Transfer Rate

Alternatively to VLAN priority, users can control the Ethernet traffic priority (vs serial), management

priority and rate in order to control the traffic load of the radio network, where important and high

priority data (SCADA) will pass-through first assuring SCADA network operation. The user can set the use of

the Ethernet Data Priority, which controls the priority of the Ethernet customer traffic relative to the

serial customer traffic and can be set to one of the four queues. The Ethernet Management Priority

controls the priority of the Ethernet management traffic relative to Ethernet customer traffic and can be

set to one of the four queues. The Background Bulk Data Transfer Rate sets the data transfer rate (high,

medium, low) for large amounts of management data.

6. Ethernet Packet Time to Live

Another aspect of avoiding overload radio network is the Ethernet packet TTL, which is used to prevent

old, redundant packets being transmitted through the radio network. This sets the time an Ethernet

packet is allowed to live in the system before being dropped if it cannot be transmitted over the air.

7. Robust Header Compression (ROHC) and Payload Compression

Aprisa SR+ supports ROHC (Robust Header Compression RFC3095). ROHC is a standard way to compress IP,

UDP and TCP headers and this significantly increases IP traffic throughput especially in narrow band

network.

Aprisa SR+ supports payload compression. A Lempel–Ziv (LZ) algorithm is used to efficiently compress up to

50% traffic with high percentage of repetitive strings. Both serial and Ethernet / IP payload traffic are

compressed.



Interfaces

Antenna Interface

2 x TNC, 50 ohm, female connectors

Single or dual antenna ports (with or without the use of external duplexer/filter)

Ethernet Interface

2, 3 or 4 ports 10/100 base-T Ethernet layer 2 switch using RJ45

Used for Ethernet user traffic and radio sub-network management.

RS-232 Interface

2, 1 or 0 RS-232 asynchronous ports using RJ45 connector

Optional 1x RS-232 asynchronous port using USB host port with USB to RS-232 converter

Used for RS-232 asynchronous user traffic only.

USB Interfaces

1 x Management port using USB micro type B connector

Used for product configuration with the Command Line Interface (CLI).

1 x Host port using USB standard type A connector

Used for software upgrade and diagnostic reporting.

Protect Interface

1x Protect interface port

Used for the Protected Station operation.

Alarms Interface

1x Alarm port using RJ45 connector

Used to provide 2 x hardware alarm inputs and 2 x hardware alarm outputs



Front Panel Connections

Example; 2 Ethernet ports and 2 RS-232 serial ports - see ‘Data Interface Ports’ on page 200 for the other

interface port options.

Interface Port Option Part Number

2 Ethernet ports and 2 RS-232 serial ports APSQ-N400-SSC-HD-22-ENAA

All connections to the radio are made on the front panel. The functions of the connectors are (from left to

right):

Designator Description

10 - 30 VDC; 3A +10 to +30 VDC (negative ground) DC power input using Molex 2 pin male screw fitting connector.

AC/DC and DC/DC power supplies are available as accessories. See ‘External Power Supplies’ on page 57.

ETHERNET 1 & 2 Integrated 10Base-T/100Base-TX layer-3 Ethernet switch using RJ45 connectors.

Used for Ethernet user traffic and product management.

See ‘Ethernet > Port Setup’ on page 114.

SERIAL 1 & 2 Two ports of RS-232 serial using RJ45 connectors.

Used for RS-232 asynchronous user traffic.

See ‘Serial > Port Setup’ on page 109.

Host Port using a USB standard type A connector.

Used for software upgrade and diagnostic reporting and optional: 1x RS-232 asynchronous port with USB to RS-232 converter.

See ‘Radio Software Upgrade’ on page 214 and ‘Maintenance > General’ on page 148.

ALARM Alarm Port using using a RJ45 connector.

Used for two alarm inputs and two alarm outputs.

See ‘Hardware Alarms Interface’ on page 237.

MGMT Management Port using a USB micro type B connector.

Used for product configuration with the Command Line Interface.

See ‘Connecting to the Management Port’ on page 193.

PROTECT Protect port. Used for Protected Station operation.

TX / ANT TNC, 50 ohm, female connector for connection of antenna feeder cable for half duplex RF operation or the Transmit connection to an external duplexer for full duplex RF operation.

See ‘Coaxial Feeder Cables’ on page 49.

RX TNC, 50 ohm, female connector for the Receive connection to an external duplexer for full duplex RF operation.



LED Display Panel

The Aprisa SR+ has an LED Display panel which provides on-site alarms / diagnostics without the need for

PC.

Normal Operation

In normal radio operation, the LEDs indicate the following conditions:

OK MODE AUX TX RX

Solid Red

Alarm present with severity

Critical, Major and Minor

TX path fail RX path fail

Flashing Red

Radio not connected to a base station

Radio not connected to a base station

Solid Orange

Alarm present with Warning

Severity

Stand-by radio in protected

station

Device detect on the USB host port

(single flash)

Flashing Orange

Diagnostics Function Active

OTA Firmware Distribution

Tx Data or Rx Data on the

USB management or host port

Flashing Green

RF path TX is active

RF path RX is active

Solid Green

Power on and functions OK

and no alarms

Processor Block is OK

or active radio in protected

station

USB interface OK

Tx path OK Rx path OK

LED Colour Severity

Green No alarm – information only

Orange Warning alarm

Red Critical, major or minor alarm



Single Radio Software Upgrade

During a radio software upgrade, the LEDs indicate the following conditions:

Software upgrade started - the OK LED flashes orange

Software upgrade progress indicated by running AUX to MODE LEDs

Software upgrade completed successfully - the OK LED solid orange

Software upgrade failed - any LED flashing red during the upgrade

Network Software Upgrade

During a network software upgrade, the MODE LED flashes orange on the base station and all remote

stations.



Test Mode

Remote station and repeater station radios have a Test Mode which presents a real time visual display of

the RSSI on the LED Display panel. This can be used to adjust the antenna for optimum signal strength (see

‘Maintenance > Test Mode’ on page 151 for Test Mode options).

To enter Test Mode, press and hold the TEST button on the radio LED panel until all the LEDs flash green

(about 3 - 5 seconds). The response time is variable and can be up to 5 seconds.

To exit Test Mode, press and hold the TEST button until all the LEDs flash red (about 3 – 5 seconds).

Note: Test Mode traffic has a low priority but could affect customer traffic depending on the relative

priorities setup.

The RSSI result is displayed on the LED Display panel as a combination of LED states:



Network Management

The Aprisa SR+ contains an embedded web server application (SuperVisor) to enable element management

with any major web browser (such as Mozilla Firefox or Microsoft® Internet Explorer).

SuperVisor enables operators to configure and manage the Aprisa SR+ base station radio and repeater /

remote station radios over the radio link.

The key features of SuperVisor are:

Full element management, configuration and diagnostics

Manage the entire network from the Base Station (remote management of elements)

Managed network software distribution and upgrades

Performance and alarm monitoring of the entire network, including RSSI, alarm states, time-

stamped events, etc.

View and set standard radio configuration parameters including frequencies, transmit power,

channel access, serial, Ethernet port settings

Set and view security parameters

User management

Operates over a secure HTTPS session on the access connection to the base station

SuperVisor, when connected to the base station radio allows management of all radios in the network. The

Network Table displays a list of all the registered remote stations for the base station and provides

management access to each of the remote stations (see ‘Network Status > Network Table’ on page 186).



Hardware Alarm Inputs / Outputs

The Aprisa SR+ provides two hardware alarm inputs to generate alarm events in the network and two

hardware alarm outputs to receive alarm events from the network.

The hardware alarm inputs and outputs are part of the event system. All alarm events can be viewed in

SuperVisor event history log (see ‘Events > Event History’ on page 161). These include the alarm events

generated by the hardware alarm inputs.

Alarm Input to SNMP Trap

An alarm event from an Aprisa SR+ hardware alarm input can be sent over the air to any SNMP Manager

using SNMP traps.

Alarm Input to Alarm Output

An alarm event from an Aprisa SR+ hardware alarm input can be mapped to an hardware alarm output of

another SR+ using an event action setup (see ‘Events > Event Action Setup’ on page 168).

Aprisa SR Alarm Input to Aprisa SR+ Alarm Output

The Aprisa SR+ event action setup feature is compatible with the Aprisa SR.

Since, the Aprisa SR only supports hardware alarm inputs, the Aprisa SR+ can be used as an option to

provide a hardware alarm output. As shown in the figure below, an Aprisa SR+ connected on the same IP

network of the Aprisa SR, alarm events from the SR hardware alarm input can be mapped to the hardware

alarm output of the SR+ using an event action setup.

42 | Implementing the Network


4. Implementing the Network

Network Topologies

The following are examples of typical network topologies:

Point-To-Point Network

Point-to-Multipoint Network

Point-to-Multipoint with Repeater 1

Point-to-Multipoint with Repeater 2

Implementing the Network | 43


Initial Network Deployment

Install the Base Station

To install the base station in your network:

1. Install the base station radio (see ‘Installing the Radio’ on page 52).

2. Set the radio Network ID (network) to a unique ID in your entire network (see ‘Terminal > Device’ on

page 78).

3. Set the radio operating mode to ‘base station’ (see ‘Terminal > Operating Mode’ on page 81).

4. Set the radio IP address (see ‘Networking > IP Setup’ on page 124).

5. Set the radio frequencies to the frequencies you wish to operate from (see ‘Radio > Radio Setup’ on

page 90).

6. Set the radio security settings (see ‘Security > Setup’ on page 131).

Installing the Remote Stations

To install the remote stations in your network:

1. Install the remote station radio (see ‘Installing the Radio’ on page 52).

2. Set the radio Network ID (network) to the same ID as the other stations in the network (see ‘Terminal

> Device’ on page 78).

3. If repeater used in radius 1, set the network radius=2 on all network stations (see ‘Terminal > Device’

on page 78).

4. Set the radio operating mode to ‘remote station’ (see ‘Terminal > Operating Mode’ on page 81).


6. Set the radio frequencies to the base station / repeater station frequencies you wish to operate from

(see ‘Radio > Radio Setup’ on page 90).

7. Set the radio security settings to the same as the base station (see ‘Security > Setup’ on page 131).

The base station will automatically allocate a node address to the new remote station.

Install a Repeater Station

To install a repeater station in your network:

1. Install the repeater station radio (see ‘Installing the Radio’ on page 52).



3. Increase the radio network radius by one on all stations in the network (see ‘Terminal > Device’ on

page 78).

4. Set the radio operating mode to ‘repeater station’ (see ‘Terminal > Operating Mode’ on page 81).


6. Set the radio frequencies to base station frequencies you wish to operate from (see ‘Radio > Radio

Setup’ on page 90).

7. Set the radio security settings to the same as the base station (see ‘Security > Setup’ on page 131).

The base station will automatically allocate a node address to the new repeater station.

44 | Implementing the Network


Network Changes

Adding a Repeater Station

To add a repeater station to your network:

1. Install the repeater station radio (see ‘Installing the Radio’ on page 52).




4. Set the radio frequencies to the base station frequencies you wish to operate from (see ‘Radio > Radio


5. Set the radio operating mode to ‘repeater station’ (see ‘Terminal > Operating Mode’ on page 81).

6. Increase the radio network radius by one on all stations in the network (see ‘Terminal > Device’ on

page 78).

The base station will automatically allocate a node address to the new repeater station.

To remove a repeater station from your network:

1. Turn the power off on the remote station radios operating from the repeater station radio you wish to

remove.

2. Turn the power off on the repeater station radio you wish to remove.

3. Decrease the network radius by one on all stations in the network (see ‘Terminal > Device’ on page

78).

Adding a Remote Station

To add a remote station to your network:

1. Install the remote station radio (see ‘Installing the Radio’ on page 52).



3. If repeater used in radius 1, set the network radius=2 on all network stations (see ‘Terminal > Device’

on page 78).


5. Set the radio frequencies to the base station / repeater station frequencies you wish to operate from

(see ‘Radio > Radio Setup’ on page 90).

6. Set the radio operating mode to ‘remote station’ (see ‘Terminal > Operating Mode’ on page 81).

The base station will automatically allocate a node address to the new remote station.

To remove a remote station from your network:

1. Turn the power off on the remote station radio you wish to remove. This is the only action that is

required.

Note: The remote station will continue to show in the Network Table list.

Preparation | 45


5. Preparation

Bench Setup

Before installing the links in the field, it is recommended that you bench-test the links. A suggested setup

for basic bench testing is shown below:

When setting up the equipment for bench testing, note the following:

Earthing

Each radio should be earthed at all times. The radio earth point should be connected to a protection

earth.

Attenuators

In a bench setup, there should be 60 - 80 dB at up to 1 GHz of 50 ohm coaxial attenuation, capable of

handling the transmit power of +37 dBm (5 W) between the radios’ antenna connectors.

Splitter

If more than two radios are required in your bench setup, a multi-way splitter is required. The diagram

shows a two way splitter. This splitter should be 50 ohm coaxial up to 1 GHz and capable of handling the

transmit power of +37 dBm (5 W).

Cables

Use double-screened coaxial cable that is suitable for use up to 1 GHz at ≈ 1 metre.

CAUTION: Do not apply signals greater than +10 dBm to the antenna connection as they can damage the

receiver.

46 | Preparation


Path Planning

The following factors should be considered to achieve optimum path planning:

Antenna Selection and Siting

Coaxial Cable Selection

Linking System Plan

Antenna Selection and Siting

Selecting and siting antennas are important considerations in your system design. The antenna choice for

the site is determined primarily by the frequency of operation and the gain required to establish reliable

links.

Base or Repeater Station

The predominant antenna for a base station or a repeater station is an omni-directional collinear gain

antenna.

Omni Directional Collinear Antennas

Factor Explanation

Frequency Often used in 380-530 MHz bands

Gain Varies with size (5 dBi to 8 dBi typical)

Wind loading Minimal

Tower aperture required Minimal

Size Range from 2 m to 3 m length

Polarization Vertical

Preparation | 47


Remote station

There are two main types of directional antenna that are commonly used for remote stations, Yagi and

corner reflector antennas.

Yagi Antennas

Factor Explanation


Gain Varies with size (typically 11 dBi to 16 dBi)

Stackable gain increase 2 Yagi antennas (+ 2.8 dB) 4 Yagi antennas (+ 5.6 dB)

Size Range from 0.6 m to 3 m in length

Front to back ratio Low (typically 18 to 20 dB)

It is possible to increase the gain of a Yagi antenna installation by placing two or more of them in a stack.

The relative position of the antennas is critical.

Example of stacked antennas

48 | Preparation


Corner Reflector Antennas

Factor Explanation


Gain Typically 12 dBi

Size Range from 0.36 m to 0.75 m in length

Front to back ratio High (typically 30 dB)

Beamwidth Broad (up to 60°)

Antenna Siting

When siting antennas, consider the following points:

A site with a clear line of sight to the remote radio is recommended. Pay particular attention to trees,

buildings, and other obstructions close to the antenna site.

Example of a clear line-of-sight path

Any large flat areas that reflect RF energy along the link path, for instance, water, could cause multipath

fading. If the link path crosses a feature that is likely to cause RF reflections, shield the antenna from the

reflected signals by positioning it on the far side of the roof of the equipment shelter or other structure.

Example of a mid-path reflection path

The antenna site should be as far as possible from other potential sources of RF interference such as

electrical equipment, power lines and roads. The antenna site should be as close as possible to the

equipment shelter.

Wide angle and zoom photographs taken at the proposed antenna location (looking down the proposed

path), can be useful when considering the best mounting positions.

Preparation | 49


Coaxial Feeder Cables

To ensure maximum performance, it is recommended that you use good quality low-loss coaxial cable for

all feeder runs. When selecting a coaxial cable consider the following:

Factor Effect

Attenuation Short cables and larger diameter cables have less attenuation

Cost Smaller diameter cables are cheaper

Ease of installation Easier with smaller diameter cables or short cables

For installations requiring long feeder cable runs, use the RFI AVA5 50, RFI LDF4 50A or RFI CNT-400 feeder

cable or equivalent:

Part Number Part Description Specification

RFI AVA5 50 Feeder Cable, 7/8", HELIAX, Low loss 7/8" foam dielectric. Standard Jacket

Outer conductor corrugated copper, inner conductor copper-clad aluminum

Bending radius of 250 mm min

Attenuation of 2.65 dB / 100m @ 520 MHz

RFI LDF4 50A Feeder cable, 1/2", HELIAX, Loss Loss 1/2" foam dielectric. Standard Jacket

Outer conductor corrugated copper, inner conductor copper-clad aluminum



RFI CNT 400 Feeder, CNT-400, 10.8mm, Double Shielded Solid Polyethylene

Low loss 0.4’ (10.8 mm) feeder cable

UV protected black Polyethylene, bonded AL tape outer conductor



For installations requiring short feeder cable runs, use the RFI 8223 feeder cable or equivalent:

Part Number Part Description Specification

RFI 8223 Feeder, RG 223 5.4mm d, Double Shielded Solid Polyethylene



When running cables:

Run coaxial feeder cable from the installation to the antenna, ensuring you leave enough extra cable at

each end to allow drip loops to be formed.

Terminate and ground the feeder cables in accordance with the manufacturers’ instructions. Bond the

outer conductor of the coaxial feeder cables to the base of the tower mast.

Linking System Plan

All of the above factors combine in any proposed installation to create a Linking System Plan. The Linking

System Plan predicts how well the radios will perform after it is installed.

Use the outputs of the Linking System Plan during commissioning to confirm the radios have been installed

correctly and that it will provide reliable service.

50 | Preparation


Site Requirements

Power Supply

Ensure a suitable power supply is available for powering the radio.

The nominal input voltage for a radio is +13.8 VDC (negative earth) with an input voltage range of +10 to

+30 VDC. The maximum power input is 30 W.

WARNING:

Before connecting power to the radio, ensure that the radio is grounded via the negative terminal of the DC power connection.

Equipment Cooling

If the Aprisa SR+ is operated in an environment where the ambient temperature exceeds 50°C, the Aprisa

SR+ convection air flow over the heat sinks must be considered.

The environmental operating conditions are as follows:

Operating temperature -40 to +70˚ C

Storage temperature -40 to +80˚ C

Humidity Maximum 95% non-condensing

WARNING:

If the Aprisa SR+ is operated in an environment where the ambient temperature exceeds 50°C, the Aprisa SR+ must be installed within a restricted access location to prevent human contact with the enclosure heatsink.

Preparation | 51


Earthing and Lightning Protection

WARNING:

Lightning can easily damage electronic equipment.

To avoid this risk, install primary lightning protection devices on any interfaces that are reticulated in the local cable network.

You should also install a coaxial surge suppressor on the radio antenna port.

Feeder Earthing

Earth the antenna tower, feeders and lightning protection devices in accordance with the appropriate

local and national standards. The diagram below shows the minimum requirements.

Use grounding kits as specified or supplied by the coaxial cable manufacturer to properly ground or bond

the cable outer.

Radio Earthing

The Aprisa SR+ has an earth connection point on the top left and the top right of the enclosure. M4 8mm

pan pozi machine screws and M4 lock washers are supplied fitted to the radio. These screws can be used

to earth the enclosure to a protection earth.

52 | Installing the Radio


6. Installing the Radio

CAUTION:

You must comply with the safety precautions in this manual or on the product itself.

4RF does not assume any liability for failure to comply with these precautions.

Mounting

The Aprisa SR+ has four threaded holes (M4) in the enclosure base and two holes (5.2 mm) through the

enclosure for mounting.

Mounting options include:

DIN rail mounting with the Aprisa SR+ DIN Rail Mounting Bracket

Rack shelf mounting

Wall mounting

Outdoor enclosure mounting

WARNING:

If the Aprisa SR+ is operated in an environment where the ambient temperature exceeds 50°C, the Aprisa SR+ must be installed within a restricted access location to prevent human contact with the enclosure heatsink.

Required Tools

No special tools are needed to install the radio.

Installing the Radio | 53


DIN Rail Mounting

The Aprisa SR+ has an optional accessory part to enable the mounting on a standard DIN rail:

Part Number Part Description

APSB-MBRK-DIN 4RF SR+ Acc, Mounting, Bracket, DIN Rail

The Aprisa SR+ is mounted into the DIN rail mounting bracket using the four M4 threaded holes in the

Aprisa SR+ enclosure base. Four 8 mm M4 pan pozi machine screws are supplied with the bracket.

The Aprisa SR+ DIN rail mounting bracket can be mounted in four positions on a horizontal DIN rail:

Vertical Mount (vertical enclosure perpendicular to the mount)

Horizontal Mount (horizontal enclosure perpendicular to the mount)

Flat Vertical Mount (vertical enclosure parallel to the mount)

Flat Horizontal Mount (horizontal enclosure parallel to the mount)



Rack Shelf Mounting

The Aprisa SR+ can be mounted on a rack mount shelf using the four M4 threaded holes in the Aprisa SR+

enclosure base. The following picture shows Aprisa SR+ mounted on a 1 RU rack mounted shelf.


APSB-MR19-X1U 4RF SR+ Acc, Mounting, 19" Rack Mount Shelf, 1U

WARNING:

If the Aprisa SR+ is operated in an environment where the ambient temperature exceeds 50°C, the Aprisa SR+ convection air flow over the heat sinks must be considered.



Wall Mounting

The Aprisa SR+ can be mounted on a wall using the two holes through the enclosure (5.2 mm diameter).

Typically, M5 screws longer than 35 mm would be used.



Installing the Antenna and Feeder Cable

Carefully mount the antenna following the antenna manufacturers’ instructions. Run feeder cable from

the antenna to the radio location.

Lightning protection must be incorporated into the antenna system (see ‘Earthing and Lightning

Protection’ on page 51).

WARNING:

When the link is operating, there is RF energy radiated from the antenna. Do not stand in front of the antenna while the radio is operating (see the ‘RF Exposure Warning’ on page 3).

Fit the appropriate male or female connector (usually N-type) to the antenna feeder at the antenna end.

Carefully follow the connector manufacturers’ instructions.

Securely attach the feeder cable to the mast and cable trays using cable ties or cable hangers. Follow the

cable manufacturer’s recommendations about the use of feeder clips, and their recommended spacing.

Connect the antenna and feeder cable. Weatherproof the connection with a boot, tape or other approved

method.

The Aprisa SR+ antenna connection is a TNC female connector so the feeder / jumper must be fitted with

a TNC male connector.

If a jumper is used between the feeder and the radio, connect a coaxial surge suppressor or similar

lightning protector between the feeder and jumper cables (or at the point where the cable enters the

equipment shelter). Connect the feeder cable to the antenna port on the radio.

Earth the case of the lightning protector to the site Lightning Protection Earth.

The Aprisa SR+ has an earth connection point on the top left and the top right of the enclosure. M4 8mm

pan pozi machine screws and M4 lock washers are supplied fitted to the radio. These screws can be used

to earth the enclosure to a protection earth.



Connecting the Power Supply

The nominal input voltage for a radio is +13.8 VDC (negative earth) with an input voltage range of +10 to

+30 VDC. The maximum power input is 30 W.

The power connector required is a Molex 2 pin female screw fitting part. This connector is supplied fitted

to the radio.

The negative supply of the Aprisa SR+ power connection is internally connected to the Aprisa SR+

enclosure. Power must be supplied from a Negative Earthed power supply.

Wire your power source to power connector and plug the connector into the radio. The connector screws

can be fastened to secure the connector.

Spare Molex 2 pin female power connectors can be ordered from 4RF:


APST-CML2-FEM-01 4RF SR+ Spare, Connector, Molex 2 pin, Female, 1 item

Turn your power source on:

All the radio LEDs will flash orange for one second and then the OK, MODE and AUX LEDs will light

green, the TX and RX LEDs will flash red.

The Aprisa SR+ radio is ready to operate

The TX and RX LEDs will be green (steady or flashing) when the radio is registered with the

network.

If the LEDs fail to light, carefully check the supply polarity. If the power supply connections have been

accidentally reversed, internal fuses will have blown to protect the unit.

Spare fuses are contained within the radio, see ‘Spare Fuses’ on page 58 for instructions on how to locate

and replace the fuses.

External Power Supplies

The following external power supplies are available from 4RF as accessories:


APSB-P230-030-24-TS 4RF SR+ Acc, PSU, 230 VAC, 30W, 24 VDC, -10 to +60C

APSB-P230-048-24-TE 4RF SR+ Acc, PSU, 230 VAC, 48W, 24 VDC, -20 to +75C

APSB-P230-060-24-TS 4RF SR+ Acc, PSU, 230 VAC, 60W, 24 VDC, -10 to +60C

APSB-P48D-050-24-TA 4RF SR+ Acc, PSU, 48 VDC, 50W, 24 VDC, 0 to +50C



Spare Fuses

The Aprisa SR+ PBA contains two fuses in the power input with designators F1 and F2. Both the positive

and negative power connections are fused. The fuse type is a Littelfuse 0454007 with a rating of 7 A,

125 V, very fast acting.

To replace the fuses:

1. Remove the input power and antenna cable.

2. Unscrew the enclosure securing screws (posi 2).

2. Separate the enclosure halves.

CAUTION: Antistatic precautions must be taken as the internal components are static sensitive.

3. Access the enclosure spare fuses under the plastic cap.



4. Replace the two fuses.

5. Close the enclosure and tighten the screws.

Note: Is it critical that the screws are re-tightened to 1.2 Nm. The transmitter adjacent channel

performance can be degraded if the screws are not tightened correctly.

Additional Spare Fuses

Additional spare fuses can be ordered from 4RF:


APST-FNAN-453-07-02 4RF SR+ Spare, Fuse, Nano SMF, 453 Series, 7A, 2 items

Managing the Radio | 61


7. Managing the Radio

SuperVisor

The Aprisa SR+ contains an embedded web server application (SuperVisor) to enable element management

with any major web browser (such as Mozilla Firefox or Microsoft® Internet Explorer).

SuperVisor enables operators to configure and manage the Aprisa SR+ base station radio and repeater /

remote station radios over the radio link.

The key features of SuperVisor are:

Full element management, configuration and diagnostics

Manage the entire network from the Base Station (remote management of elements)

Managed network software distribution and upgrades

Performance and alarm monitoring of the entire network, including RSSI, alarm states, time-

stamped events, etc.

View and set standard radio configuration parameters including frequencies, transmit power,

channel access, serial, Ethernet port settings

Set and view security parameters

User management

Operates over a secure HTTPS session on the access connection to the base station

Connecting to SuperVisor

The predominant management connection to the Aprisa SR+ radio is with an Ethernet interface using

standard IP networking. There should be only one Ethernet connection from the base station to the

management network.

The Aprisa SR+ has a factory default IP address of 169.254.50.10 with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0. This is

an IPv4 Link Local (RFC3927) address which simplifies the connection to a PC.

Each radio in the network must be set up with a unique IP address on the same subnet.

The Aprisa SR+ Protected Station radio A (left radio) has a factory default IP address of 169.254.50.10 and

radio B (right radio) has a factory default IP address of 169.254.50.20, both with a subnet mask of

255.255.0.0.

To change the Aprisa SR+ IP address:

1. Set up your PC for a compatible IP address e.g. 169.254.50.1 with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0.

2. Connect your PC network port to one of the Aprisa SR+ Ethernet ports.

3. Open a browser and enter http://169.254.50.10.

4. Login to the radio with the default Username ‘admin’ and Password ‘admin’.

5. Change the IP address to conform to the network plan in use.

62 | Managing the Radio


Management PC Connection

The active management PC must only have one connection to the network as shown by path . There

should not be any alternate path that the active management PC can use via an alternate router or

alternate LAN that would allow the management traffic to be looped as shown by path .

When logging into a network, it is important to understand the relationship between the Local Radio and

the Remote Radios.

The Local Radio is the radio that your IP network is physically connected to.

If the Local Radio is a base station, SuperVisor manages the base station and all the repeater stations and

remote stations in the network.

If the Local Radio is a remote station or repeater station, SuperVisor only manages the remote / repeater

station radio logged into.

If the user is at the remote station and connects SuperVisor directly to the remote radio via their

computer, all relevant features are still available. This includes the ability to monitor the ‘Last received

packet RSSI. If ICMP is enabled on the base station, the user will also be able to ping the base station to

confirm the connectivity.



PC Settings for SuperVisor

To change the PC IP address:

If your PC has previously been used for other applications, you may need to change the IP address and the

subnet mask settings. You will require Administrator rights on your PC to change these.

Windows XP example:

1. Open the ‘Control Panel’.

2. Open ‘Network Connections’ and right click on the ‘Local Area Connection’ and select ‘Properties’.

3. Click on the ‘General’ tab.

4. Click on ‘Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)’ and click on properties.

5. Enter the IP address and the subnet mask (example as shown).

6. Click ‘OK’ then close the Control Panel.

If the radio is on a different subnet from the network the PC is on, set the PC default gateway address to

the network gateway address which is the address of the router used to connect the subnets (for details,

consult your network administrator).



To change the PC connection type:

If your PC has previously been used with Dial-up connections, you may need to change your PC Internet

Connection setting to ‘Never dial a connection’.

Windows Internet Explorer 8 example:

1. Open Internet Explorer.

2. Open the menu item Tools > Internet Options and click on the ‘Connections’ tab.

3. Click the ‘Never dial a connection’ option.



To change the PC pop-up status:

Some functions within SuperVisor require Pop-ups enabled e.g. saving a MIB



2. Open the menu item Tools > Internet Options and click on the ‘Privacy’ tab.

3. Click on ‘Pop-up Blocker Settings’.

4. Set the ‘Address of Web site to allow’ to the radio address or set the ‘Blocking Level’ to ‘Low: Allow

Pop-ups from secure sites’ and close the window.



To enable JavaScript in the web browser:

Some functions within SuperVisor require JavaScript in the web browser to be enabled.



2. Open the menu item Tools > Internet Options and click on the ‘Security’ tab.

3. Click on ‘Local Intranet’.

4. Click on ‘Custom Level’.

5. Scroll down until you see section labeled ‘Scripting’.

6. Under ‘Active Scripting’, select ‘Enable’.



Login to SuperVisor

The maximum number of concurrent users that can be logged into a radio is 6.

If SuperVisor is inactive for a period defined by the Inactivity Timeout option (see ‘Maintenance > General’

on page 148), the radio will automatically logout the user.

To login to SuperVisor:

1. Open your web browser and enter the IP address of the radio.

If you haven’t assigned an IP address to the radio, use the factory default IP address of 169.254.50.10 with

a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0.

If you don’t know the IP address of the radio, you can determine it using the Command Line Interface (see

‘Command Line Interface’ on page 193).

Note: The Aprisa SR+ has a Self Signed security certificate which may cause the browser to prompt a

certificate warning. It is safe to ignore the warning and continue. The valid certificate is ‘Issued By: 4RF-

APRISA’ which can be viewed in the browser.

2. Login with the Username and Password assigned to you.

If unique usernames and passwords have not yet been configured, use the default username ‘admin’ and

password ‘admin’.

Important: After you login for the very first time, it is recommended that you change the default admin

password for security reasons (see ‘Changing Passwords’ on page 137).



If the login is successful, the opening page will be displayed.

Logout of SuperVisor

As the maximum number of concurrent users that can be logged into a radio is 6, not logging out correctly

can restrict access to the radio until after the timeout period (30 minutes).

Logging out from a radio will logout all users logged in with the same username.

If the SuperVisor window is closed without logging out, the radio will automatically log the user out after a

timeout period of 3 minutes.

To logout of SuperVisor:

Click on the ‘Logout’ button on the Summary Bar.



SuperVisor Page Layout

Standard Radio

The following shows the components of the SuperVisor page layout for a standard radio:

SuperVisor Branding Bar

The branding bar at the top of the SuperVisor frame shows the branding of SuperVisor on the left and the

product branding on the right.

SuperVisor Alarm Bar

The alarm bar shows the name of the radio terminal that SuperVisor is logged into (the local radio) on the

left.

If the local radio is a base station, the page shows the name of the current remote / repeater station (the

remote radio) on the right. SuperVisor will manage all the repeater stations and remote stations in the

network.

If the local radio is a remote station or repeater station, the page shows the name of the remote /

repeater station on the left. The right side of the Alarm Bar will be blank. SuperVisor manages only the

remote / repeater station logged into.

The LED alarm indicators reflect the status of the front panel LEDs on the radio.



SuperVisor Summary Bar

The summary bar at the bottom of the page shows:

Position Function

Left Busy - SuperVisor is busy retrieving data from the radio that SuperVisor is logged into.

Ready - SuperVisor is ready to manage the radio.

Middle Displays the name of the radio terminal that SuperVisor is currently managing.

Right The access level logged into SuperVisor. This label also doubles as the SuperVisor logout button.



SuperVisor Menu

The following is a list of SuperVisor top level menu items:

Local Terminal Network

Network Table

Terminal Summary

Radio Exceptions

Serial View

Ethernet

Networking

Security

Maintenance

Events

Software

SuperVisor Parameter Settings

Changes to parameters settings have no effect until the ‘Save’ button is clicked.

Click the ‘Save’ button to apply the changes or ‘Cancel’ button to restore the current value.



SuperVisor Menu Access

The SuperVisor menu has varying access levels dependent on the login User Privileges.

The following is a list of all possible SuperVisor menu items versus user privileges:

Terminal Settings Menu Items

Menu Item View Technician Engineer Admin

Terminal > Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Terminal > Details Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Terminal > Device No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Terminal > Operating Mode No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Terminal > Parameters Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Terminal > Primary Parameters Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Terminal > Secondary Parameters Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Terminal > TCP Connections Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Terminal > Routing Table Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Radio > Radio Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Radio > Channel Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Radio > Radio Setup No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Radio > Channel Setup No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Radio > Advanced Setup No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Serial > Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Serial > Port Setup No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Ethernet > Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Ethernet > Port Setup No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Ethernet > L2 Filtering No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Ethernet > VLAN No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Networking > IP Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Networking > IP Setup No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Networking > L3 Filtering No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Networking > IP Routes No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Security > Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Security > Users No Access No Access No Access Read-Write

Security > Settings No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Security > SNMP No Access No Access No Access Read-Write

Security > Manager No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Security > Distribution No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Maintenance > Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Maintenance > General No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Maintenance > Test Mode No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Maintenance > Defaults No Access No Access No Access Read-Write

Maintenance > Protection No Access Read-Write Read-Write Read-Write

Maintenance > Licence No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write




Maintenance > Advanced No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Events > Alarm Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Events > Event History Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Events > Event Primary History Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Events > Event Secondary History Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Events > Events Setup No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Events > Traps Setup No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Events > Alarm I/O Setup Read-Only Read-Only Read-Write Read-Write

Events > Defaults No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Software > Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Software > File Transfer No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Software > File Primary Transfer No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Software > File Secondary Transfer No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Software > Manager No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Software > Setup No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Software > Remote Distribution No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Software > Remote Activation No Access No Access Read-Write Read-Write

Network Settings Menu Items


Network Table Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Summary Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

Exceptions Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only

View Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only Read-Only



Standard Radio

Terminal

Terminal > Summary

TERMINAL SUMMARY

This page displays the current settings for the Terminal parameters. See ‘Terminal > Details’ on page 76,

‘Terminal > Device’ on page 78 and ‘Terminal > Operating Mode’ on page 81 for setting details.

OPERATING SUMMARY

Operating Mode

This parameter displays the current Operating Mode i.e. if the radio is operating as a base station,

repeater station or remote station and the network operating mode of Bridge Mode or Router Mode.

Interface Mode

This parameter displays the Interfaces available for traffic on the radio such as Ethernet and Serial. For

Ethernet availability on the radio see ‘Maintenance > Licence’ on page 156.

Compliance Mode

This parameter displays the compliance mode selected e.g. ETSI / FCC etc.



TX Frequency (MHz)

This parameter displays the current Transmit Frequency in MHz.

TX Power (dBm)

This parameter displays the current Transmit Power in dBm.

RX Frequency (MHz)

This parameter displays the current Receive Frequency in MHz.

Channel Width (kHz)

This parameter displays the current Channel Width in kHz.

Network ID

This parameter is the network ID of this base station node and its remote / repeater stations in the

network. The entry is four hex chars (not case sensitive).

Node Address

The Node Address of the base station is 0000.

If the Node Address shown is FFFE, this radio is a remote station or repeater station but has not been

registered with the base station.

The base station will automatically allocate a Node Address to all its registered repeater station and

remote station radios. This address can be between 000B to 01FE.

Network Radius

This parameter displays the maximum number of hops in this network.

Network Repeaters Proximity

This parameter displays the proximity of repeaters in the network.

Inband Management

This parameter displays the status of the Inband Management option.

Inband Management Timeout (sec)

This parameter displays the number of seconds that the base station waits for a response from a Remote

or repeater station before aborting the Inband Management request.



Terminal > Details

MANUFACTURING DETAILS

Radio Serial Number

This parameter displays the Serial Number of the radio (shown on the enclosure label).

Sub-Assembly Serial Number

This parameter displays the Serial Number of the printed circuit board assembly (shown on the PCB label).



Radio MAC Address

This parameter displays the MAC address of the radio (the management Ethernet MAC address).

Active Software Version

This parameter displays the version of the software currently operating the radio.

Previous Software Version

This parameter displays the software version that was running on the radio prior to the current software

being activated.

A new radio from the factory will display ‘None’ for the Previous SW Version.



Terminal > Device

TERMINAL DETAILS

The data entry in the next four fields can be up to 40 characters but cannot contain invalid characters. A

popup warns of the invalid characters:

1. Enter the Terminal Name.

2. Enter the Location of the radio.

3. Enter a Contact Name. The default value is ‘4RF Limited’.

4. Enter the Contact Details. The default value is ‘[email protected]’.



RF NETWORK DETAILS

Network ID (network)

This parameter sets the network ID of this base station node and its remote / repeater stations in the

network. The entry is four hexadecimal chars (not case sensitive).

The default setting is CAFE.

Network Radius

This parameter sets the maximum number of hops in this network e.g. In a network with base station,

repeater and remotes communicating via the repeater, the Network Radius should be set to 2. If the

Network Radius is set to 2, a message from that node will only pass 2 hops before it is blocked.

The default setting is 1.

When base station is configured as a ‘Base-Repeater’ (used for remote peer to peer operation via the base

station), the use of Network Radius does not change and works the same as if it were a Base Station i.e.

the Network Radius is always the number of hops from the base station to the most distant remote in the

network.

All stations in the network should be set to the same value.

Network Repeaters Proximity

This parameter is set in base stations and repeater stations to indicate the proximity of repeaters in the

network. It has no affect if the Network Radius is set to 1.

The default setting is Separated Coverage.

Option Function

No Repeater Use when there are no repeaters in the network.

Single Repeater Only Use when there is only one repeater in the network.

Overlapping Coverage Use for multiple one hop repeaters where the remote station can see more than one repeater or repeaters can see each other.

The communication protocol is slower because each repeater is addressed individually and in-turn.

Separated Coverage Use for multiple one hop repeaters where the remote station can only see one repeater and the repeaters can’t see each other.

This option provides better network downlink performance than the Overlapping Coverage option.

However, if the repeaters can see each other, the resultant collisions will cause corruptions and dramatically reduce network downlink performance.

Inband Management

This parameter sets the Inband Management option.

If the Inband Management option is enabled, SuperVisor operating on a base station can also manage all

the remote / repeater stations in the network.

Inband Management Timeout (sec)

This parameter sets the Inband Management timeout period. This determines the time the base station

waits for a response from a Remote or repeater station before aborting the Inband Management request.

The default setting is 10 seconds.



TERMINAL DATE AND TIME

Set the Time Format, Time, Date Format and Date. This information is controlled from a software clock.

Date and Time Synchronization

This Date and Time Synchronization feature allows a radio to synchronize its date and time from an SNTP

server. It would predominantly be used on the base station but could be used on a remote station.

Using the SNTP feature will ensure that all radios in the network has the same date and time required for

accurate network diagnostics.

For high availability time/date synchronization, SNTP can be synchronized from two SNTP servers for

server backup.

The default setting is Disabled.

Option Function

Disabled No SNTP Date and Time Synchronization

SNTP Date and Time will be synchronized to a SNTP server

The base station periodically sends a broadcast message to the remote stations to synchronize the radio

date and time.

Auto Synchronization Period (s)

This parameter sets the number of seconds between the end of the last synchronization and the next

synchronization attempt. The minimum period is 60 seconds. A period of 0 seconds will disable

synchronization attempts.

Time Server 1 Address

This parameter sets the IP address of the first priority SNTP server. If the synchronization is successful to

this server, Time Server 2 Address will not be used.

Time Server 2 Address

This parameter sets the IP address of the second priority SNTP server. If the synchronization fails using the

SNTP server on Time Server 1 Address, synchronization will be attempted to the SNTP server on this

address.

Synchronization Status

This field shows the status of the current synchronization or the result of the last synchronization.

Synchronize Now

This Synchronize Now button provides manual Synchronization.



Terminal > Operating Mode

TERMINAL MODE

Terminal Operating Mode

The Terminal Operating Mode can be set to Base, Base-Repeater, Repeater or Remote station. The default

setting is Remote.

Option Function

Base The base station manages all traffic activity between itself, repeaters and remotes. It is the center-point of network where in most cases will be connected to a SCADA master.

Base-Repeater The base-repeater has the same function as the base station (and repeater station), but used when peer to peer connections between remotes is required via the base station.

Repeater The repeater forwards packets coming from base station and other repeaters e.g. in daisy chain LBS mode and /or remote stations.

Remote The remote in most cases is used as the end-point of the SCADA network connected to an RTU or PLC device for SCADA network control and monitoring.



Ethernet Operating Mode

The Ethernet Operating Mode defines how Ethernet / IP traffic is processed in the radio. The default

setting is Bridge.

Option Function

Bridge Bridge mode inspects each incoming Ethernet frame source and destination MAC addresses to determine if the frame is forwarded over the radio link or discarded.

Router Router mode inspects each incoming IP source and destination IP addresses to determine if the packet is forwarded over the radio link or discarded.

Compliance Mode

The Compliance Mode sets the compliance in the radio. The default setting is ETSI.

Option Function

ETSI The radio complies to ETSI specifications

FCC Part90 / IC RSS119 The radio complies to FCC Part 90 and IC RSS 119specifications

FCC Part24 / IC RSS134 The radio complies to FCC Part 24 and IC RSS 134 specifications



TERMINAL PROTECTION

Protection Type

The Protection Type defines if a radio is a stand-alone radio or part of an Aprisa SR+ Protected Station.

The default setting is None.

Option Function

None The SR radio is stand alone radio (not part of an Aprisa SR+ Protected Station).

Redundant (Protected Station)

Set to make this SR radio part of an Aprisa SR+ Protected Station.

The RF ports and interface ports from two standard Aprisa SR+ Radios are switched to the standby radio if there is a failure in the active radio

Serial Data Driven Switching Set to make this SR radio part of an Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station.

Provides radio and RS-232 serial port user interface protection for Aprisa SR+ radios.

Protection Unit

The Protection Unit defines if this radio is the primary radio or secondary radio in a Protected Station.

One radio in the Protected Station is set to Primary and the other radio to Secondary.

It is recommended that radio A (the left radio) be configured as the Primary and that radio B (the right

radio) be configured as the Secondary. The default setting is Primary.

This menu item is only applicable if this radio is to become part of an Aprisa SR+ Protected Station.

PROTECTION MANAGEMENT IP ADDRESS

Local IP Address

The Local IP Address shows the IP address of this radio.

Partner IP Address

The Partner IP Address parameter is used to set the partner IP address if this radio is to become part of a

Protected Station.



Terminal > Parameters

The Terminal Parameters page is a dynamic page that will display the parameters associated with the

active alarm events. When the Alarm Events are setup with ‘Events > Events Setup’ on page 162, the

relevant tabs are shown and the tabs will show the monitored events.

The following is a list of terminal parameters that are monitored:

Transmitter

Monitored Parameter Unit Event ID Event Display Text

Current Temperature Celsius 4 Temperature Threshold

Last Transmitted PA Current mA None

Last Transmitted PA Driver Current mA None

Last Transmitted Forward Power dB None

Last Transmitted AGC mV None

Last Transmitted Reverse Power dB None

Receiver


Current RSSI dBm None

Last Received RSSI dBm 7 RSSI Threshold

Last Received SNR dBm None

Last Sample RX CRC Error Ratio 9 RX CRC Errors

Last Sample RF RX Data Count 34 RF No Receive Data



Serial

Last Sample Serial1 RX Data Count 13 Port1 Serial Data No RX Data

Customer Serial1 Data RX Errors Ratio 14 Port1 Serial Data RX Errors

Last Sample Serial2 RX Data Count 52 Port2 Serial Data No RX Data

Customer Serial2 Data RX Errors Ratio 53 Port2 Serial Data RX Errors

Last Sample USB Ser RX Data Ratio 63 USB Port Serial Data No RX Data

Customer USB Ser Data RX Errors Ratio 64 USB Serial Data RX Errors

Ethernet

Last Sample Eth1 RX Data Count 10 Port 1 Eth No Receive Data

Customer Eth1 Data RX Errors Ratio 11 Port 1 Eth Data Receive Errors

Customer Eth1 Data TX Errors Ratio 12 Port 1 Eth Data Transmit Errors






Customer Eth3 Data TX Errors Ratio 46 Port 3 Eth Transmit Errors




Power Supply


Current VDC Power Supply V 56 VDC Power Supply

Current 3.3 Volts Power Supply V 57 3.3 Volts Power Supply



VLAN


Eth1 VLAN in frame Count None

Eth1 VLAN out frame Count None

Eth1 VLAN in frame discard Count None


Eth2 VLAN out frame Count None


The User Tab displays parameters setup in all the other tabs e.g. in the Transmitter tab, if the User Tab

checkbox is ticked for the Current Temperature, then the User Tab will show the Current Temperature

parameter.

If an associated alarm event occurs, the terminal parameters table will display the current value for that

parameter. The refresh time is 12 seconds.



Terminal > TCP Connections

The TCP Connections page displays the list of active TCP connections on the radio.

TCP CONNECTIONS TABLE

The Next button will display the next page of 8 connections and the Prev button will display the previous

page of 8 connections.

If the Auto Refresh option is ticked, the TCP Connections table will refresh every 12 seconds.



Terminal > Routing Table

The Routing Table page displays the list of active routes on the radio.

ROUTING TABLE

The Next button will display the next page of 8 routes and the Prev button will display the previous page

of 8 routes.

If the Auto Refresh option is ticked, the routing table will refresh every 12 seconds.



Radio

Radio > Radio Summary

This page displays the current settings for the Radio parameters.

See ‘Radio > Radio Setup’ and ‘Radio > Channel Setup’ for setting details.



Radio > Channel Summary

This page displays the current settings for the Channel parameters.

See ‘Radio > Channel Setup’ for setting details.

DATA COMPRESSION

IP HeaderCompression Ratio

See ‘IP Header Compression Ratio’ on page 105.

Payload Compression Ratio

The payload is compressed using level 3 QuickLZ data compression. Payload Compression is automatic and

cannot be turned off by SuperVisor.

Compression is not attempted on data that is already compressed e.g. jpg files.



Radio > Radio Setup

Transmit frequency, transmit power and channel size would normally be defined by a local regulatory

body and licensed to a particular user. Refer to your site license details when setting these fields.

TRANSMITTER / RECEIVER

Important:

1. Changing the remote / repeater station frequencies will disable all management communication to the

remote / repeater stations but then by changing the base station to match the remote / repeater stations,

the radio links will be restored as will the management communication.

2. Enter the TX frequency and the RX frequency and then click ‘Save’. This is to prevent remote

management communication from being lost before both frequencies have been changed in the remote

stations.

TX and RX Frequencies.

The TX and RX frequencies entered must be within the frequency tuning range of the product frequency

band (see ‘Frequency Bands’ on page 226).

If the frequency entered is not resolvable to the synthesizer step size for the frequency band it is

rejected. For example; a 400 MHz radio has a synthesizer step size of 6.250 kHz.

The TX and RX frequencies can be single frequency half duplex or dual frequency half duplex. Dual

frequency half duplex is often used for reasons of:

Channel Planning

Network Efficiencies

Regulatory rules



Single Frequency Operation

The TX and RX frequencies of the base station, repeater station and all the remote stations are on the

same frequency.

To change the TX and RX frequencies:

1. Change the TX and RX frequencies of the remote stations operating from the repeater station to the

new frequency. The radio links to these remote stations will fail.

2. Change the TX and RX frequencies of the repeater station operating from the base station to the new

frequency. The radio links to the repeater station and its remote stations will fail.

3. Change the TX and RX frequencies of the remote stations operating from the base station to the new

frequency. The radio links to these remote stations will fail.

4. Change the TX and RX frequencies of the base station to the new frequency. The radio links to all

stations will restore.



Dual Frequency No Repeater

The TX frequency of all the remote stations matches the RX frequency of the base station.

The RX frequency of all the remote stations matches the TX frequency of the base station.


1. For all the remote stations, change the RX frequency to frequency A and the TX frequency to

frequency B. The radio links to the remote stations will fail.

2. For the base station, change the TX frequency to frequency A and the RX frequency to frequency B.

The radio links to the remote stations will restore.



Dual Frequency with Repeater

The TX frequency of the remote stations associated with the base station matches the RX frequency of the

base station.

The TX frequency of the repeater station associated with the base station matches the RX frequency of

the base station.

The TX frequency of the remote stations associated with the repeater station matches the RX frequency of

the repeater station.

The RX frequency of the remote stations associated with the base station matches the TX frequency of the

base station.

The RX frequency of the repeater station associated with the base station matches the TX frequency of

the base station.

The RX frequency of the remote stations associated with the repeater station matches the TX frequency of

the repeater station.




1. For all the remote stations operating from the repeater station, change the RX frequency to frequency

A and the TX frequency to frequency B. The radio links to these remote stations will fail.

2. For the repeater station, change the TX frequency to frequency A and the RX frequency to frequency

B. The remote stations operating from the repeater station, will now establish a connection to the

repeater.

3. For all the remote stations operating from the base station, change the TX frequency to frequency A

and the RX frequency to frequency B. The radio links to these remote stations will fail.

4. For the base station, change the RX frequency to frequency A and the TX frequency to frequency B.

The radio links to the remote stations operating from the repeater station or the base station will

restore.

TX Power

The transmitter power is the power measured at the antenna output port when transmitting. The

transmitter power has a direct impact on the radio power consumption.

The default setting is +37 dBm.

Note: The Aprisa SR+ transmitter contains power amplifier protection which allows the antenna to be

disconnected from the antenna port without product damage.



GENERAL

Channel Size (kHz)

This parameter sets the Channel Size for the radio (see ‘Channel Sizes’ on page 227for Radio Capacities).

The default setting is 12.5 kHz.

Antenna Port Configuration

This parameter sets the Antenna Port Configuration for the radio.

Option Function

Single Select Single antenna port if using one or two frequency half duplex transmission. The antenna is connected to the ANT port.

Dual Select Dual antenna port if using:

(1) One or two frequency in half duplex transmission with an external duplexer (for filtering) connected to the ANT/TX and RX antenna ports and single antenna connected to the duplexer.

(2) Two frequency in full duplex transmission with an external duplexer (for full duplex operation) connected to the ANT/TX and RX antenna ports and single antenna connected to the duplexer.

(3) Single frequency in half duplex transmission with external dual antennas, connected to the ANT/TX and RX antenna ports.

(4) Two frequency in half or full duplex transmission with external dual antennas, connected to the ANT/TX and RX antenna ports.

The default setting is Single.



MODEM

The Radio > Radio Setup screen is different for a base / repeater / base-repeater station and a remote

station.

MODEM - Base / Repeater/ Base-Repeater Station

Modulation Type

The base to remote direction of transmission is always fixed i.e. not adaptive.

This parameter sets the fixed TX Modulation Type for the base station radio.

Option Function

QPSK (High Gain) Sets the modulation to QPSK with Max Coded FEC.

QPSK (Low Gain) Sets the modulation to QPSK with Min Coded FEC.

QPSK Sets the modulation to QPSK with no FEC.

16QAM (High Gain) Sets the modulation to 16 QAM with Max Coded FEC.

16QAM (Low Gain) Sets the modulation to 16 QAM with Min Coded FEC.

16QAM Sets the modulation to 16 QAM with no FEC.



The default setting is QPSK (Low Gain).

ACM Control

This parameter enables / disables Adaptive Code Modulation for the remote to base direction of

transmission (upstream).

Option Function

Enabled Enables Adaptive Code Modulation for the upstream.

The base station sends a modulation type recommendation to the each remote radio based on the signal quality for each individual remote radio.

Disabled Disables Adaptive Code Modulation for the upstream.

The base station does not send a modulation type recommendation to any remote radio.

The default setting is Enabled.



ADAPTIVE CODING MODULATION

These settings are only used if the ACM Control is set to Enabled.

Modulation Range

This parameter sets the upper limit of the range that the base station willl recommmend to the remote

radios.

The lower limit is fixed to QPSK (High Gain).



MODEM - Remote Station

Modulation Type

The remote to base direction of transmission can be adaptive modulation or fixed modulation.

This parameter sets the TX Modulation Type for the remote station radio.

Option Function

Adaptive Sets the modulation type to Adaptive Code Modulation.

The remote radio receives the modulation type recommendation from the base station and adjusts the modulation and FEC code rate in the remote to base direction of transmission (upstream) if the modulation type recommendation is within the defined Modulation Range (see Modulation Range setting below).

If the recommendation is outside the defined Modulation Range, the upper limit is used for the remote radio.











ADAPTIVE CODING MODULATION

These settings are only used if the Modulation Type is set to Adaptive and only apply to the remote to

base direction of transmission (upstream).

Default Modulation

This parameter sets the default modulation and FEC code rate for the remote to base direction of

transmission when the ACM mechanism fails for whatever reason. It is also used when the radio starts up,

and subsequently, if there are no recommendations received from the base station, it will remain at that

setting.

Upstream recommendations are always expected to be received from the base station. For example, when

the base station 'ACM control' is set to 'disabled' and the 'modulation type' at the remote is set to

'adaptive', the default modulation will be used. In this case, the base station will not recommend any

changes to the remote radios and so the remote radio will remain on the configured ‘Default Modulation’.

This parameter sets the TX Modulation Type for the remote station radio.

Option Function









Modulation Range

This parameter sets the upper limit that the Adaptive Code Modulation can automatically adjust up to.

The lower limit is fixed to QPSK (High Gain).



Radio > Channel Setup

CHANNEL SETTINGS

Access Scheme

This parameter sets the Media Access Control (MAC) used by the radio for over the air communication.

Option Function

Access Request Channel access scheme where the base stations controls the communication on the channel. Remotes ask for access to the channel, and the base station grants access if the channel is not occupied. This mode is a general purpose access method for high and low load networks.

Listen Before Send without Acknowledgement

Channel access scheme where network elements listen to ensure the channel is clear, before trying to access the channel. This mode is optimised for low load networks and repeated networks. Acknowledgements are disabled.

Listen Before Send with Acknowledgement

Channel access scheme where network elements listen to ensure the channel is clear, before trying to access the channel. This mode is optimised for low load networks and repeated networks.

With Acknowledgement, unicast requests from the remote station are acknowledged by the base station to ensure that the transmission has been successful. If the remote station does not receive an acknowledgement, then random back-offs are used to reschedule the next transmission.

Enabling acknowledgments increases reliability of transport but reduces available channel capacity so if application has the capability to handle lost or duplicate messages, the Access Scheme should be set to Listen Before Send without Acknowledgement.

The default setting is Access Request.



Maximum Packet Size (Bytes)

This parameter sets the maximum over-the-air packet size in bytes. A smaller maximum Packet Size is

beneficial when many remote stations or repeater stations are trying to access the channel. The default

setting is 1550 bytes.

As radios dispatched from the factory have a Packet Size set to the maximum value of 1550 bytes, if a new

radio is installed in an existing Field Access Network (network), the Packet Size must be changed to ensure

it is the same value for all radios in the network. The new radio will not register an existing network if the

Packet Size is not the same as the other radios in the network.

This packet size includes the wireless protocol header and security payload (0 to 16 bytes). The length of

the security header depends on the level of security selected.

When the security setting is 0, the maximum user data transfer over-the-air is 1516 bytes.

When encryption is enabled, the entire packet of user data (payload) is encrypted. If authentication is

being used, the security frame will be added (up to 16 bytes). The wireless protocol header is then added

which is proprietary to the Aprisa SR+. This is not encrypted.

Packet Filtering

Each Aprisa SR+ radio can filter packets not destined for itself. The Packet Filtering parameter controls

this functionality.

In an Aprisa SR+ network, all communication from remote stations is destined for the base station in the

Aprisa SR+ network communication protocol. In a repeater or base-repeater network, a remote station will

send a message to the base station. The repeater station will receive this and then repeat the message.

The repeated message will then be received by the base station. Other remote stations connected to the

repeater station will receive this message and depending on the Packet Filtering parameter, either

forward this packet or discard it.

This filtering capability can provide the ability for remote stations to communicate with each other (peer

to peer communication) when connected to a repeater station or to a base-repeater station, particularly

useful in the event of losing communication with a SCADA Master, assuming the Aprisa SR+ network is still

operational. For example, to create peer to peer communication between two remotes in a network with

a base-repeater, the base-repeater packet filtering setting is set to 'Automatic' and the two remotes

packet filtering setting is set to 'Disabled'.

Note: IP Header Compression must be disabled for this feature to operate correctly (see ‘IP Header

Compression Ratio’ on page 105).

Option Function

Disabled Every packet received by the radio will be forwarded to the relevant interface.

Automatic The radio will filter (discard) packets not destined for itself according to the Aprisa SR+ traffic protocols

The default setting is Automatic.

Note: The Aprisa SR+ network is transparent to the protocol being transmitted; therefore the Packet

Filtering parameter is based on the Aprisa SR+ addressing and network protocols, not the user (SCADA,

etc.) traffic protocols.



Serial Data Stream Mode

This parameter controls the traffic flow in the radio serial ports.

Option Function

Broadcast Serial port traffic from the network is broadcast on all serial ports on this radio. This will include the RS-232 port derived from the USB port.

Segregate Serial port traffic from the network from a specific port number is directed to the respective serial port only.

The default setting is Broadcast.



TRAFFIC SETTINGS

Serial Data Priority

The Serial Data Priority controls the priority of the serial customer traffic relative to the Ethernet

customer traffic. If equal priority is required to Ethernet traffic, this setting must be the same as the

Ethernet Data Priority setting (see ‘Ethernet Data Priority’ on page 103).

The serial data priority can be set to Very High, High, Medium and Low. The default setting is Very High.

A queuing system is used to prioritize traffic from the serial and Ethernet interfaces for over the air

transmission. A weighting may be given to each data type and this is used to schedule the next

transmission over the air e.g. if there are pending data packets in multiple buffers but serial data has a

higher weighting it will be transmitted first. The serial buffer is 20 serial packets (1 packet can be up to

512 bytes).

There are four priority queues in the Aprisa SR: Very High, High, Medium and Low. Data is added to one of

these queues depending on the priority setting. Data leaves the queues from highest priority to lowest:

the Very High queue is emptied first, followed by High then Medium and finally Low.

Ethernet Data Priority

The Ethernet Data Priority controls the priority of the Ethernet customer traffic relative to the serial

customer traffic. If equal priority is required to serial traffic, this setting must be the same as the Serial

Data Priority setting (see ‘Serial Data Priority’ on page 103)

The Ethernet Data Priority can be set to Very High, High, Medium and Low. The default setting is Very

High.

A queuing system is used to prioritize customer traffic from the serial and Ethernet interfaces for over the

air transmission. A weighting may be given to each data type and this is used to schedule the next

transmission over the air e.g. if there are pending data packets in multiple buffers but serial data has a

higher weighting it will be transmitted first. The Ethernet buffer is 10 Ethernet packets (1 packet can be

up to Ethernet MTU, 1500 bytes).

There are four priority queues in the Aprisa SR: Very High, High, Medium and Low. Data is added to one of

these queues depending on the priority setting. Data leaves the queues from highest priority to lowest:

the Very High queue is emptied first, followed by High then Medium and finally Low.

Ethernet Management Priority

The Ethernet Management Priority controls the priority of the Ethernet management traffic relative to

Ethernet customer traffic.

The Ethernet Management Priority can be set to Very High, High, Medium and Low. The default setting is

Medium.



Background Bulk Data Transfer Rate

This parameter sets the data transfer rate for large amounts of management data.

Option Function

High Utilizes more of the available capacity for large amounts of management data. Highest impact on user traffic.

Medium Utilizes a moderate of the available capacity for large amounts of management data. Medium impact on user traffic.

Low Utilizes a minimal of the available capacity for large amounts of management data. Lowest impact on user traffic.

The default setting is high.

Network Traffic Type

This parameter optimizes the channel settings for the predominant traffic type.

Option Function

User Defined Allows the user to define the channel settings (see ‘Radio > Advanced Setup’ on page 106).

Serial Only Optimizes the channel settings for the predominantly serial traffic.

Ethernet Only Optimizes the channel settings for the predominantly Ethernet traffic.

Mixed Optimizes the channel settings for a mix of Ethernet and serial traffic.

The default setting is Mixed.



DATA COMPRESSION

IP Header Compression Ratio

The IP Header Compression implements TCP/IP ROHC v2 (Robust Header Compression v2. RFC4995,

RFC5225, RFC4996) to compress the IP header. IP header compression allows for faster point-to-point

transactions, but only in a star network.

IP Header Compression module comprises of two main components, compressor and decompressor. Both

these components maintain some state information for an IP flow to achieve header compression.

However, for reasons like packet drops or station reboots this state information can go out of sync

between the compressor and decompressor resulting in compression and/or decompression failure

resulting in loss of packets.

The compression ratio controls the rate at which compressor and decompressor synchronize state

information with each other. Frequent synchronization results in reduced ratio.

Option Function

Compression Disabled

Disables IP header compression.

High State information is synchronized less frequently thus achieving the best compression ratio.

Medium State information is synchronization less frequently than ‘High’ setting but more frequently than ‘Low’ setting.

Low State information is synchronized frequently thus reducing the compression ratio.

The default setting is High.

When IP Header Compression is enabled, it is important that the Network Radius is set correctly. If it was

incorrectly set to 1, header compression could not be interpreted by radius 2 radios.



Radio > Advanced Setup

This page is only visible when the Channel Setup > Network Traffic Type is set to User Defined.

ADVANCED CHANNEL SETTINGS

Default Packet Time to Live (ms)

This parameter sets the default time a packet is allowed to live in the system before being dropped if it

cannot be transmitted over the air. It is used to prevent old, redundant packets being transmitted through

the Aprisa SR network. The default setting is 1500 ms.

In the case of serial poll SCADA networks such as MODBUS and IEC 60870.50.101, it is important to ensure

the replies from the RTU are in the correct sequence and are not timed out replies from Master requests.

If the TTL value is too long, the SCADA master will detect sequence errors.

It is recommended to use a TTL which is half the serial SCADA timeout. This is commonly called the ‘scan

timeout’ or ‘link layer time out’ or ‘retry timeout’.

When using TCP protocols, a TTL of 1500 ms is recommended because a TCP re-transmission usually occurs

after approximately 3 second.

In SCADA networks which use both serial and Ethernet, it is recommended that the TTL is set to half the

serial SCADA timeout for serial remotes, and 1500 ms for Ethernet (TCP) remotes. For example, if the

serial SCADA timeout is 1000 ms, a remote radio which is connected to the serial RTU should be set to

500 ms, a remote radio which is connected to an Ethernet (TCP) RTU should have a 1500 ms timeout.

In this case, the base station TTL should be set to 1500 ms as well; or whichever is the longer TTL of serial

or Ethernet.



Serial Packet Time to Live (ms)

This parameter sets the time a serial packet is allowed to live in the system before being dropped if it

cannot be transmitted over the air. The default setting is 800 ms.

Ethernet Packet Time to Live (ms)

This parameter sets the time an Ethernet packet is allowed to live in the system before being dropped if it

cannot be transmitted over the air. The default setting is 600 ms.



Serial

Serial > Summary

This page displays the current settings for the serial port parameters.

See ‘Serial > Port Setup’ on page 109 for configuration options.



Serial > Port Setup

This page provides the setup for the serial port settings.

SERIAL PORTS SETTINGS

Note: This screen is dependent on the Data Port product option purchased (see ‘Data Interface Ports’ on

page 200). The Data Port product option shown is a 2E2S – two Ethernet ports and two Serial ports

Name

This parameter sets the port name which can be up to 32 characters.

Option Function

SerialPort This is the normal RS-232 serial ports provided with the RJ45 connector.

USB Serial Port This is the optional RS-232 serial port provided with the USB Host Port connector with a USB to RS-232 RJ45 converter cable (see ‘USB RS-232 Serial Port’ on page 210).



Mode

This parameter defines the mode of operation of the serial port. The default setting is Standard.

Option Function

Disabled The serial port is not required.

Standard The serial port is communicating with serial ports on other stations.

Terminal Server A base station Ethernet port can communicate with both Ethernet ports and serial ports on remote stations.

RS-232 traffic is encapsulated in IP packets (see ‘Serial > Port Setup’ TERMINAL SERVER SETTINGS on page 111).

Baud Rate (bit/s)

This parameter sets the baud rate to 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 or 115200 bit/s.

The default setting is 115200 bit/s.

Character Length (bits)

This parameter sets the character length to 7 or 8 bits. The default setting is 8 bits.

Parity

This parameter sets the parity to Even, Odd or None. The default setting is None.

Stop Bits (bits)

This parameter sets the number of stop bits to 1 or 2 bits. The default setting is 1 bit.

Flow Control

This parameter sets the flow control of the serial port. The default setting is Disabled.

Option Function

None The Aprisa SR+ radio port (DCE) CTS is in a permanent ON (+ve) state. This does not go to OFF if the radio link fails.

CTS-RTS CTS / RTS hardware flow control between the DTE and the Aprisa SR+ radio port (DCE) is enabled.

If the Aprisa SR+ buffer is full, the CTS goes OFF.

In the case of radio link failure the signal goes to OFF (-ve) state.

In terminal server mode, the serial packet is no different from an Ethernet packet and travels through

various packet queues before being transmitted over the air. Thus, the serial flow control has no affect in

terminal server mode.

Inter-Frame Gap (chars)

This parameter defines the gap between successive serial data frames. It is used to delimit the serial data

to define the end of a packet. The Inter-Frame Gap limits are 0.5 to 16 chars. The default setting is 3.5

chars.



TERMINAL SERVER SETTINGS

This menu item is only applicable if the serial port has an operating mode of Terminal Server.

The Terminal Server operating mode provides encapsulation of serial data into an IP packet (TCP or UDP).

A server connected to a base station Ethernet port can communicate with all remote station Ethernet

ports and serial ports.

Local Address

This parameter displays the IP address of this radio.

Port

This parameter sets the TCP or UDP port number of the local serial port.

The valid port number range is greater than or equal to 1024 and less than or equal to 49151 but with

exclusions of 0, 5445, 6445, 9930 or 9931. The default setting is 20000.

Remote Address

This parameter sets the IP address of the server connected to the base station Ethernet port.

Port

This parameter sets the TCP or UDP port number of the server connected to the base station Ethernet

port. The default setting is 0.



Protocol

This parameter sets the L4 TCP/IP or UDP/IP protocol used for terminal server operation. The default

setting is TCP.

Mode

This parameter defines the mode of operation of the terminal server connection. The default setting is

Client and Server.

Option Function

Client The radio will attempt to establish a TCP connection with the specified remote unit. Generally, this setting is for the base station with an Ethernet connection to the SCADA master.

Server The radio will listen for a TCP connection on the specified local port. Generally, this setting is for the remote station with a serial connection to the RTU.

Data received from any client shall be forwarded to the associated serial port while data received from that serial port shall be forwarded to every client with an open TCP connection.

If no existing TCP connections exist, all data received from the associated serial port shall be discarded.

Client and Server The radio will listen for a TCP connection on the specified local port and if necessary, establish a TCP connection with the specified remote unit. Generally, this setting is used for the remote station but it should be used carefully as two connections might be established with the base station.

Data received from any client shall be forwarded to the associated serial port while data received from that serial port shall be forwarded to every client with an open TCP connection.

Inactivity Timeout (seconds)

This specifies the duration (in seconds) to automatically terminate the connection with the remote TCP

server if no data has been received from either the remote TCP server or its associated serial port for the

duration of the configured inactivity time.

TCP Keep Alive

A TCP keepalive is a message sent by one device to another to check that the link between the two is

operating, or to prevent the link from being broken.

If the TCP Keep Alive is enabled, the radio will be notified if the TCP connection fails.

If the TCP Keep Alive is disabled, the radio relies on the Inactivity Timeout to detect a TCP connection

failure. The default setting is disabled.

Note: An active TCP Keep Alive will generate a small amount of extra network traffic.



Ethernet

Ethernet > Summary

This page displays the current settings for the Ethernet port parameters and the status of the ports.

See ‘Ethernet > Port Setup’ for configuration options.



Ethernet > Port Setup

This page provides the setup for the Ethernet ports settings.

ETHERNET PORT SETTINGS

Note: This screen is dependent on the Data Port product option purchased (see ‘Data Interface Ports’ on

page 200). The Data Port product option shown is a 2E2S – two Ethernet ports and two Serial ports

Mode

This parameter controls the Ethernet traffic flow. The default setting is Standard.

Option Function

Standard Enables Ethernet data communication over the radio link.

Switch Ethernet traffic is switched locally between the two Ethernet ports and communicated over the radio link

Disabled Disables Ethernet data communication over the radio link.

Speed (Mbit/s)

This parameter controls the traffic rate of the Ethernet port. The default setting is Auto.

Option Function

Auto Provides auto selection of Ethernet Port Speed 10/100 Mbit/s

10 The Ethernet Port Speed is manually set to 10 Mbit/s

100 The Ethernet Port Speed is manually set to 100 Mbit/s



Duplex

This parameter controls the transmission mode of the Ethernet port. The default setting is Auto.

Option Function

Auto Provides auto selection of Ethernet Port duplex setting.

Half Duplex The Ethernet Port is manually set to Half Duplex.

Full Duplex The Ethernet Port is manually set to Full Duplex.

Function

This parameter controls the use for the Ethernet port. The default setting is Management and User.

Option Function

Management Only The Ethernet port is only used for management of the network.

Management and User The Ethernet port is used for management of the network and User traffic over the radio link.

User Only The Ethernet port is only used for User traffic over the radio link.



Ethernet > L2 Filtering

This page is only available if the Ethernet traffic option has been licensed (see ‘Maintenance > Licence’ on

page 156).

FILTER DETAILS

L2 Filtering provides the ability to filter radio link traffic based on specified Layer 2 MAC addresses.

Traffic originating from specified Source MAC Addresses destined for specified Destination MAC Addresses

that meets the protocol type criteria will be transmitted over the radio link.

Traffic that does not meet the filtering criteria will not be transmitted over the radio link.

Source MAC Address

This parameter sets the filter to the Source MAC address of the packet in the format ‘hh:hh:hh:hh:hh:hh’.

If the Source MAC Address is set to ‘FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF’, traffic will be accepted from any source MAC

address.

Destination MAC Address

This parameter sets the filter to the Destination MAC address of the packet in the format

‘hh:hh:hh:hh:hh:hh’.

If the Destination MAC Address is set to ‘FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF’, traffic will be delivered to any destination

MAC address.

Protocol Type

This parameter sets the Ethernet Type accepted ARP, VLAN, IPv4, IPv6 or Any type.



Example:

In the screen shot, the rules are configured in the base station which controls the radio link traffic from

base station to remote / repeater stations.

Traffic from a device with the MAC address 00:01:50:c2:01:00 is forwarded over the radio link if it meets

the criteria:

Rule 1 If the Ethernet Type is ARP going to any destination MAC address or

Rule 2 If the Ethernet Type is Any and the destination MAC address is 01:00:50:c2:01:02 or

Rule 3 If the Ethernet Type is VLAN tagged packets going to any destination MAC address

Special L2 Filtering Rules:

Unicast Only Traffic

This L2 filtering allows for Unicast only traffic and drop broadcast and multicast traffic. This filtering is

achieved by adding the two rules:

Rule Source

MAC Address

Destination

MAC Address

Protocol Type

Allow ARPS FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF ARP

Allow Unicasts from Any source FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF FE:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF Any

To delete a L2 Filter:

1. Click on an existing rule ‘Select’.

2. Click on Delete.

3. Click on OK.

ADD NEW FILTER

To add a L2 Filter:

1. Enter the Rule ID number. This is a unique rule number between 1 and 25.

2. Enter the Source MAC address of the packet or ‘FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF’ to accept traffic from any MAC

address.

3. Enter the Destination MAC address of the packet or ‘FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF’ to deliver traffic to any MAC

address.

4. Select the Protocol Type to ARP, VLAN, IPv4, IPv6 or Any type.

5. Click on Add.



Ethernet > VLAN


page 156).

VLAN PORT SETTINGS – All Ports

This page specifies the parameters that relate to all Ethernet ports when working in Bridge Mode. Three

parameters are global parameters for the Ethernet Bridge; enable / disable VLANs, Management VLAN ID

and the Double VLAN ID(S-VLAN) and the priority bit. These parameters can't be defined per port and are

globally defined for the Ethernet Bridge.

VLAN Enabled

This parameter sets if VLAN operation is required on the network. If it is enabled on the base station, it

must also be enabled on the remote / repeater stations. The default is disabled.

Management VLAN

This parameter sets the VLAN ID for management traffic only. The value can be between 1 and 4094. The

default is 1.

Double Tag Egress S-VLAN ID

This parameter sets the S-VLAN ID (outer tag) in the egress direction. The value can be between 1 and

4094. The default is 1.



Double Tag Egress S-VLAN Priority

This parameter sets the S-VLAN egress traffic priority. The default is Priority 1 (Best Effort).

Option Egress Priority Classification

High / Low Priority

Priority 0 Background 0 Lowest Priority

Priority 1 (Best Effort) 1

Priority 2 (Excellent Effort) 2

Priority 3 (Critical Applications) 3

Priority 4 (Video) 4

Priority 5 (Voice) 5

Priority 6 (Internetwork Control) 6

Priority 7 (Network Control) 7 Highest Priority



VLAN PORT SETTINGS – Port 1

This example is shown for the product option of 2E2S i.e. two Ethernet ports.

PORT PARAMETERS

Ingress Filtering Enabled

This parameter enables ingress filtering. When enabled, if ingress VLAN ID is not included in its member

set (inner tagged), the frame will be discarded.

If the Ingress Filtering is disabled, the Aprisa SR+ supports ‘Admit All Frames’ so that all frames tagged,

untagged and priority-tagged-frames are allowed to pass through the Ethernet ports. The default is

disabled.

Double Tagging Enabled

This parameter enables double tagging on this specific port. When enabled, if the ingress traffic is double

tagged, the Aprisa SR+ will check and validate that the S-VLAN ID matches the S-VLAN defined in 'Double

Tag Egress S-VLAN ID' in the 'all ports' tab. If there is a match, the packet will be forwarded into the

Bridge and the S-VLAN outer tag will be removed, thus the radio network will only forward a single VLAN.

If there isn’t a matching S-VLAN, the packet will be discarded. On egress, the outer tag (S-VLAN) is

appended with the 'Double Tag Egress S-VLAN ID' defined in the 'all ports' tab (see page 118). The default

is disabled.

If double tagging is enabled on the port, incoming frames should always be double tagged.

If the incoming frame is untagged, then the PVID (port VLAN ID) is used and forwarded with the Port

Ingress priority provided the PVID is configured in the Port VLAN Membership of any of the Ethernet

ports. If not, the frames are dropped.

If the incoming frame is single tagged, then PVID is used and forwarded with the Port Ingress priority

provided the PVID is configured in the Port VLAN Membership of any of the Ethernet ports. If not the

frames are dropped.

If double tagging is disabled on the port, incoming frames should always be single tagged, untagged or

priority–tagged frames.

Double tagged frames are simply forwarded treating them as if they were single tagged frames. At the

egress of the Ethernet port, such frames are forwarded only if the S-VLAN ID of that frame is a member of

the Port VLAN Membership.



PVID (Port VLAN ID)

This parameter sets the frame VLAN ID when the ingress frame is untagged or priority-tagged (VLAN=0).

The value can be between 1 and 4094. The default is 1.

Note: The Port VLAN Membership must contain the PVID. If the Port VLAN Membership does not contain

the PVID, untagged or priority-tagged frames will be discarded.

Port Ingress Priority

This parameter sets the VLAN ingress traffic priority. The default is Priority 1 (Best Effort).

Option Function Ingress Priority Classification

Use from Frame Uses the priority from the priority tagged frames or tagged frames.

If the frames are untagged, then the Radio Channel Priority Setting is used.

Use Radio Channel Priority Setting

Uses the priority from the Radio > Channel Setup > Ethernet Data Priority (see ‘Ethernet Data Priority’ on page 103).

Priority 0 Background 0 (Low)

Priority 1 (Best Effort) 0 (Low)

Priority 2 (Excellent Effort) 2 (Medium)

Priority 3 (Critical Applications) 2 (Medium)

Priority 4 (Video) 4 (High)

Priority 5 (Voice) 4 (High)

Priority 6 (Internetwork Control) 6 (Very High)

Priority 7 (Network Control) 6 (Very High)



COPY VLAN MEMBERSHIP

To Port

This parameter when set copies the port VLAN Membership settings to the other ports.

PORT VLAN MEMBERSHIP

VLAN ID

This parameter sets the VLAN ID of the port for a maximum 64 active VLANs. The value can be between 1

and 4094. The default is 1.

VLAN Description

This parameter is a freeform field used to identify the VLAN. It can be up to a maximum of 32 characters.

Egress Action

This parameter sets the action taken on the frame on egress from the Ethernet port. The default is Untag

and forward.

Option Function

Untag and forward Removes the tagged information and forwards the frame. On Ingress, the VLAN tag will be added to the PVID tag.

Forward Forwards the tagged frame as it is on egress.

On Ingress, traffic is expected to include the VLAN tag with a member VLAN ID, otherwise the packet will be dropped.

Controls

The Add button adds the selected entry.

The Delete button deletes the selected entry.



Networking

Networking > IP Summary

This page displays the current settings for the Networking IP Settings.

See ‘Networking > IP Setup’ for configuration options.



Networking > IP Setup

This page provides the setup for the Networking IP Settings.

NETWORKING IP SETTINGS

IP Address

Set the static IP Address of the radio (Management and Ethernet ports) assigned by your site network

administrator using the standard format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. This IP address is used both in Bridge mode and

in Router mode. The default IP address is in the range 169.254.50.10.

Subnet Mask

Set the Subnet Mask of the radio (Management and Ethernet ports) using the standard format

xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. The default subnet mask is 255.255.0.0 (/16).

Gateway

Set the Gateway address of the radio, if required, using the standard format xxx.xxx.xxx.

A default gateway is the node on the network that traffic is directed to when an IP address does not

match any other routes in the routing table. It can be the IP address of the router or PC connected to the

base station. The default gateway commonly connects the internal radio network and the outside

network. The default Gateway is 0.0.0.0.



RADIO INTERFACE IP SETTINGS

The RF interface IP address is the address that traffic is routed to for transport over the radio link. This IP

address is only used when Router Mode is selected i.e. not used in Bridge Mode.

Radio Interface IP Address

Set the IP Address of the RF interface using the standard format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. The default IP address is

in the range 10.0.0.0.

Radio Interface Subnet Mask

Set the Subnet Mask of the RF interface using the standard format xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. The default subnet

mask is 255.255.0.0 (/16).

Note 1: If the base station RF interface IP address is a network IP address, and if the remote radio is also

using a network IP address within the same subnet or different subnet, then the base radio will assign an

automatic RF interface IP address from its own subnet.

When the base radio has a host specific RF interface IP address, then all the remotes must have a host

specific RF interface IP address from the same subnet.

Note 2: When a remote radio is configured for Router Mode and the base radio is changed from Bridge

Mode to Router Mode and the RF interface IP address is set to AUTO IP configuration (at least the last

octet of the RF interface IP address is zero), it is mandatory to configure the network topology by using

the ‘Decommission Node’ and ‘Discover Nodes’ (see ‘Maintenance > Advanced’ on page 157).



Networking > L3 Filtering


page 156) and Router Mode selected. It is not active in Bridge Mode (see 'Terminal > Operating Mode’ on

page 81).

NETWORKING L3 FILTER SETTINGS

L3 Filtering provides the ability to evaluate traffic and take specific action based on the filter criteria.

This filtering can also be used for L4 TCP/UDP port filtering which in most cases relates to specific

applications as per IANA official and unofficial well-known ports.

Entering a * into any to field will automatically enter the wildcard values when the data is saved.

Priority

This parameter shows the priority order in which the filters are processed.

Action

This parameter defines the action taken on the packet when it meets the filter criteria.

Option Function

Process Processes the packet if it meets the filter criteria

Discard Discards the packet if it meets the filter criteria

Source IP Address

If the source IP address is set to 0.0.0.0, any source IP address will meet the filter criteria.



Source Wildcard Mask

This parameter defines the mask applied to the source IP address. 0 means that it must be a match.

If the source wildcard mask is set to 0.0.0.0, the complete source IP address will be evaluated for the

filter criteria.

If the source wildcard mask is set to 0.0.255.255, the first 2 octets of the source IP address will be

evaluated for the filter criteria.

If the source wildcard mask is set to 255.255.255.255, none of the source IP address will be evaluated for

the filter criteria.

Note: The source wildcard mask operation is the inverse of subnet mask operation

Source Port Range

This parameter defines the port or port range for the source. To specify a range, insert a dash between

the ports e.g. 1000-2000. If the source port range is set to 1-65535, traffic from any source port will meet

the filter criteria.

Destination IP Address

This parameter defines the destination IP address of the filter. If the destination IP address is set to

0.0.0.0, any destination IP address will meet the filter criteria.

Destination Wildcard Mask

This parameter defines the mask applied to the destination IP address. 0 means that it must be a match.

If the destination wildcard mask is set to 0.0.0.0, the complete destination IP address will be evaluated

for the filter criteria.

If the destination wildcard mask is set to 0.0.255.255, the first 2 octets of the destination IP address will

be evaluated for the filter criteria.

If the destination wildcard mask is set to 255.255.255.255, none of the destination IP address will be

evaluated for the filter criteria.

Note: The destination wildcard mask operation is the inverse of subnet mask operation

Destination Port Range

This parameter defines the port or port range for the destination. To specify a range, insert a dash

between the ports e.g. 1000-2000. If the destination port range is set to 1-65535, traffic to any

destination port will meet the filter criteria.

Protocol

This parameter defines the Ethernet packet type that will meet the filter criteria.

Controls

The Delete button deletes the selected entry.

The Move Up button moves the selected entry above the entry above it increasing its process priority.

The Move Down button moves the selected entry below the entry above it reducing its process priority.



Networking > IP Routes


page 156) and Router Mode selected. It is not valid for Bridge Mode (see 'Terminal > Operating Mode’ on

page 81).

NETWORKING IP STATIC ROUTE SETTINGS

Static routing provides the ability to evaluate traffic to determine if packets are forwarded over the radio

link or discarded based on the route criteria.

Route Index

This parameter shows the route index.

Destination Address

This parameter defines the destination IP address of the route criteria.

Destination Mask

This parameter defines the subnet mask applied to the Destination IP Address. 255 means that it must be a

match.

If the destination subnet mask is set to 255.255.255.255, all octets of the Destination IP Address will be

evaluated for the route criteria.

If the destination subnet mask is set to 255.255. 0.0, the first 2 octets of the Destination IP Address will be

evaluated for the route criteria.



Gateway Address

This parameter sets the gateway address where packets will be forwarded to.

If the gateway interface is set to Ethernet Ports, the gateway address is the IP address of the

device connected to the Ethernet port.

If the gateway interface is set to Radio Path, the gateway address is the IP address of the remote

radio.

Gateway Interface

This parameter sets the destination interface.

Option Function

Ethernet Ports Packets are forwarded to the Ethernet interface port.

Radio Path Packets are forwarded to the RF Interface radio path.



Security

Security > Summary

This page displays the current settings for the Security parameters.

See ‘Security > Setup’ and ‘Security > Manager’ for configuration options.



Security > Setup

PAYLOAD SECURITY PROFILE SETTINGS

Security Profile Name

This parameter enables the user to predefine a security profile with a specified name.

Security Scheme

This parameter sets the security scheme to one of the values in the following table:

Security Level

Disabled (No encryption and no Message Authentication Code)

AES Encryption + CCM Authentication 128 bit



AES Encryption only

CCM Authentication 128 bit



The default setting is Disabled.



Payload Encryption Key Type

This parameter sets the Payload Encryption Key Type:

Option Function

Pass Phrase Use the Pass Phrase password format for standard security.

Raw Hexidecimal Use the Raw Hexidecimal password format for better security. It must comply with the specified encryption key size e.g. if Encryption Type to AES128, the encryption key must be 16 bytes (32 chars)

The default setting is Pass Phrase.

Payload Encryption Key Size

This parameter sets the Encryption Type to AES128, AES192 or AES256. The default setting is AES128.

The higher the encryption size the better the security.

Payload Encryption Key

This parameter sets the Payload Encryption password. This key is used to encrypt the payload.

Pass Phrase

Good password policy:

contains at least eight characters, and

contains at least one upper case letter, and

contains at least one lower case letter, and

contains at least one digit or another character such as !@#$%^&()[]<>... , and

is not a term in a familiar language or jargon, and

is not identical to or derived from the accompanying account name, from personal characteristics

or from information from one’s family/social circle, and

is easy to remember, for instance by means of a key sentence

Raw Hexidecimal

The Raw Hexidecimal password must comply with the specified encryption key size e.g. if Encryption Type

to AES128, the encryption key must be 16 bytes (32 chars).



KEY ENCRYPTION KEY SETTINGS

The Key Encryption Key provides the ability to encrypt the Payload Encryption Key so it can be safely

transmitted over the radio link to remote radios.

The Key Encryption Key Type, Key Encryption Key Size and Key Encryption Key must be the same on all

radios in the network.

Key Encryption Key Type

This parameter sets the Payload Encryption Key Type:

Option Function

Pass Phrase Use the Pass Phrase password format for standard security.

Raw Hexidecimal Use the Raw Hexidecimal password format for better security. It must comply with the specified encryption key size e.g. if Encryption Type to AES128, the encryption key must be 16 bytes (32 chars)

The default setting is Pass Phrase.

Key Encryption Key Size

This parameter sets the Encryption Type to AES128, AES192 or AES256. The default setting is AES128.

The higher the encryption type the better the security.

Key Encryption Key

This parameter sets the Key Encryption password. This is used to encrypt the payload encryption key.



PROTOCOL SETUP

Telnet option

This parameter option determines if you can manage the radio via a Telnet session. The default setting is

disabled.

ICMP option (Internet Control Message Protocol)

This parameter option determines whether the radio will respond to a ping. The default setting is

disabled.

HTTPS option

This parameter option determines if you can manage the radio via a HTTPS session (via a Browser). The

default setting is enabled.

SNMP Proxy Support

This parameter option enables an SNMP proxy server in the base station. This proxy server reduces the

radio link traffic during SNMP communication to remote / repeater stations. This option applies to the

base station only. The default setting is disabled.

This option can also be used if the radio has Serial Only interfaces.

SNMP Protocol

This parameter sets the SNMP Protocol:

Option Function

Disabled All SNMP functions are disabled.

All Versions Allows all SNMP protocol versions.

SNMPv3 Only Only SNMPv3 transactions will be accepted.

SNMPv3 With Authentication Only

Only SNMPv3 transactions authenticated using HMAC-MD5 or HMAC-SHA will be accepted.

The default setting is All Versions.

The default SNMPv3 with Authentication User Details provided are:

User Name Authentication Type

Context Name Authentication Passphrase

noAuthUser - noAuth noAuthUser

authUserMD5 MD5 auth authUserMD5

authUserSHA SHA auth authUserSHA



SNMPv3 Authentication Passphrase

The Authentication Passphrases can be changed via SNMP (not SuperVisor).

When viewing / managing the details of the users via SNMP, the standard SNMP-USER-BASED-SM-MIB

interface is used. This interface can be used to change the Authentication Passphrase of the users.

The Authentication Passphrase of the user required to be changed cannot be changed by the same user

i.e. a different user must be used for the transactions.

To change a user authentication passphrase:

1. SET the usmUserStatus object for that user to ‘Not In Service’

2. GET the usmUserSpinLockobject

3. SET the usmUserSpinLockobject with the value that was just GOT in the previous step

4. SET the usmUserAuthKeyChange to the new Authentication key string

5. SET the usmUserPrivKeyChangeto the new Privacy key string

6. SET the usmUserStatus object for that user to ‘Active’

Note that the key string for steps 4 and 5 are 32 octet hexadecimal values. This string is generated based

on the ‘old passphrase’ and ‘new passphrase’ as specified in RFC2274.

The utility ‘encode_keychange.exe’, available from NET-SNMP open source applications, can be used to

generate this string.

An example command to generate a new Authentication key string for the default desUserMD5 is:

encode_keychange –t md5 –O “desUserMD5” –N “desUserMD5Auth” –E 0x0100DC

An example command to generate a new Privacy key string for the default desUserMD5 is:

encode_keychange –t md5 –O “desUserMD5” –N “desUserMD5Priv” –E 0x0100DC

These command executions will return a 32 Octet Hexadecimal string that can be used in steps 4 and 5

above.



Security > Users

Note: You must login with ‘admin’ privileges to add, disable, delete a user or change a password.

USER DETAILS

Shows a list of the current users setup in the radio.

ADD NEW USER

To add a new user:

1. Enter the Username.

A username can be up to 32 characters but cannot contain back slashes, forward slashes, spaces, tabs,

single or double quotes. Usernames are case sensitive.

2. Enter the Password.

A password can be 8 to 32 characters but cannot contain back slashes, forward slashes, spaces, tabs,

single or double quotes. Passwords are case sensitive.

Good password policy:

contains at least eight characters, and

contains at least one upper case letter, and

contains at least one lower case letter, and

contains at least one digit or another character such as !@#$%^&()[]<>... , and

is not a term in a familiar language or jargon, and

is not identical to or derived from the accompanying account name, from personal characteristics

or from information from one’s family/social circle, and

is easy to remember, for instance by means of a key sentence



3. Select the User Privileges

There are four pre-defined User Privilege settings to allocate access rights to users. These user privileges

have associated default usernames and passwords of the same name.

The default login is ‘admin’.

This login has full access to all radio parameters including the ability to add and change users. There can

only be a maximum of two usernames with admin privileges and the last username with admin privileges

cannot be deleted.

User Privilege

Default Username

Default Password

User Privileges

View view view Users in this group can only view the summary pages.

Technician technician technician Users in this group can view and edit parameters except Security > Users, Security > Settings and Advanced settings.

Engineer engineer engineer Users in this group can view and edit parameters except Security > Users.

Admin admin admin Users in this group can view and edit all parameters.

See ‘SuperVisor Menu Access’ on page 72 for the list of SuperVisor menu items versus user privileges.

4. Click ‘Add’

To delete a user:

1. Select Terminal Settings > Security > Users

2. Click on the Select button for the user you wish to delete.

3. Click ‘Delete

To change a Password:

1. Select Terminal Settings > Security > Users

2. Click on the Select button for the user you wish to change the Password.

3. Enter the Password.

A password can be 8 to 32 characters but cannot contain back slashes, forward slashes, spaces, tabs,

single or double quotes.



Security > SNMP

In addition to web-based management (SuperVisor), the network can also be managed using the Simple

Network Management Protocol (SNMP) using any version of SNMP v1/2/3. MIB files are supplied, and these

can be used by a dedicated SNMP Manager, such as Castle Rock’s SNMPc, to access most of the radio’s

configurable parameters.

For communication between the SNMP manager and the radio, Access Controls and Community strings

must be set up as described in the following sections.

A SNMP Community String is used to protect against unauthorized access (similar to a password). The

SNMP agent (radio or SNMP manager) will check the community string before performing the task

requested in the SNMP message.

ACCESS CONTROL SETUP

A SNMP Access Control is the IP address of the radio used by an SNMP manager or any other SNMP device

to access the radio. The Aprisa SR+ allows access to the radio from any IP address.

Read Only

The default Read Only community string is public.

Read Write

The default ReadWrite community string is private.



SNMP Manager Setup

The SNMP manager community strings must be setup to access the base station and remote / repeater

stations.

To access the base station, a community string must be setup on the SNMP manager the same as the

community string setup on the radio (see ‘Security > SNMP’ on page 138).

SNMP access to remote / repeater stations can be achieved by using the radio’s IP address and the normal

community string or by proxy in the base station.

SNMP Access via Base Station Proxy

To access the remote / repeater stations via the base station proxy, the community strings must be setup

on the SNMP manager in the format:

ccccccccc:bbbbbb

Where:

ccccccccc is the community string of the base station

and

bbbbbb is the last 3 bytes of the remote station MAC address (see ‘Network Status > Network Table’

on page 186) for the remote station MAC address.

The SNMP Proxy Support must be enabled for this method of SNMP access to operate (see ‘SNMP Proxy

Support’ on page 134).



Security > Manager

CURRENT PAYLOAD SECURITY PROFILE

Profile Name

This parameter shows the predefined security profile active on the radio.

Status

This parameter displays the status of the predefined security profile on the radio (always active).

PREVIOUS PAYLOAD SECURITY PROFILE

Profile Name

This parameter displays the security profile that was active on the radio prior to the current profile being

activated.

Status

This parameter displays the status of the security profile that was active on the radio prior to the current

profile being activated.

Option Function

Active The security profile is active on the radio.

Inactive The security profile is not active on the radio but could be activated if required.



Activate

This parameter activates the previous security profile (restores to previous version).

PREDEFINED PAYLOAD SECURITY PROFILE

Profile Name

This parameter displays the new security profile that could be activated on the radio or distributed to all

remote radios with Security > Distribution.

Status

This parameter displays the status of the new security profile.

Option Function

Unavailable A predefined security profile is not available on this radio.

To create a predefined security profile, go to ‘Security > Setup’ on page 131.

Available A predefined security profile is available on this radio for distribution and activation.



Security > Distribution

REMOTE PAYLOAD SECURITY PROFILE DISTRIBUTION

Predefined Profile Name

This parameter displays the predefined security profile available for distribution to remote stations.

Status

This parameter shows if a predefined security profile is available for distribution to remote stations.

Option Function

Unavailable A predefined payload security profile is not available on this radio.

Available A predefined payload security profile is available on this radio for distribution and activation.

Start Transfer

This parameter when activated distributes (broadcasts) the new payload security profile to all remote

stations in the network.

Note: The distribution of the payload security profile to remote stations does not stop customer traffic

from being transferred.

Payload security profile distribution traffic is classified as ‘management traffic’ but does not use the

Ethernet management priority setting. Security profile distribution traffic priority has a fixed priority

setting of ‘very low’.



To distribute the payload security profile to remote stations:

This process assumes that a payload security profile has been setup (see ‘Security > Setup’ on page 131).

1. Tick Start Transfer and click Apply.

Note: This process could take up to 1 minute per radio depending on channel size, Ethernet Management

Priority setting and the amount of customer traffic on the network.

2. When the distribution is completed, activate the software with the Remote Payload Security Profile

Activation.



REMOTE PAYLOAD SECURITY PROFILE ACTIVATION

When the security profile has been distributed to all the remote stations, the security profile is then

activated in all the remote stations with this command.

The base station will always attempt to distribute the profile successfully. This broadcast distribution has

its own retry mechanism. The user can find out if all the remote radios have the latest profile when the

managed activation process is attempted. A pop up confirmation will be shown by SuperVisor with

relevant information and the user can decide to proceed or not. The user can attempt to redistribute

again if needed. If the decision is made to continue, on completion of the activation process,

communication with the remote radios that did not have the new security profile will be lost.

Predefined Profile Name

This parameter displays the predefined security profile available for activation on all remote stations.

To activate the security profile in remote stations:

This process assumes that a security profile has been setup into the base station (see ‘Security > Setup’ on

page 131) and distributed to all remote radios in the network.

Note: Do not navigate SuperVisor away from this page during the activation process (SuperVisor can lose

PC focus).

1. Click Start Activation

The remote stations will be polled to determine which radios require activation:

Result Function (X of Y)

Remote Radios Polled for New Profile

X is the number of radios polled to determine if the radio contains the new security profile.

Y is the number of remote radios registered with the base station.

Remote Radios Activated X is the number of radios activated.

Y is the number of radios with the new security profile requiring activation.

Remote Radios On New Profile

X is the number of radios activated and on the new security profile.

Y is the number of radios with the new security profile that have been activated.

When the activation is ready to start:

3. Click on ‘OK’ to start the activation process or Cancel to quit.



Maintenance

Maintenance > Summary

This page displays the current settings for the Maintenance parameters.

DIAGNOSTICS

Last RX Packet RSSI (dBm)

This parameter displays the receiver RSSI reading taken from the last data packet received.

GENERAL

Local Status Polling Period (sec)

This parameter displays the rate at which SuperVisor refreshes the Local Radio alarm LED states and RSSI

value.

Remote Status Polling Period (sec)

This parameter displays the rate at which SuperVisor refreshes the Remote Radio alarm LED states and

RSSI value.

Inactivity Timeout (min)

This parameter displays the period of user inactivity before SuperVisor automatically logs out of the radio.



NETWORK

Node Registration Retry (sec)

This parameter displays the base station poll time at startup or the remote / repeater station time

between retries until registered.

Base Station Announcement Period (min)

This parameter displays the period between base station polls post startup. The default setting is 1440

minutes (24 hours).

Node Missed Poll Count

This parameter displays the number of times the base station attempts to poll the network at startup or if

a duplicate IP is detected when a remote / repeater station is replaced.

RF Interface MAC address

This parameter displays the RF Interface MAC address when the radio is part of a Protected Station.

UPGRADE

USB Boot Cycle Upgrade

This parameter shows the type of USB Boot Cycle upgrade defined in ‘Software Setup > USB Boot Upgrade’

on page 174.

TEST MODE

Packet Response Timeout (ms)

This parameter displays the time Test Mode waits for a response from the base station before it times out

and retries.

Transmit Period (sec)

This parameter displays the time between Test Mode requests to the base station.

Response Timeout (ms)

This parameter sets the time Test Mode waits for a response from the base station before it times out and

retries. The default setting is 3000 ms.

RSSI Enter Button Timeout (sec)

This parameter displays the Test Mode timeout period. The radio will automatically exit Test Mode after

the Timeout period.

Transmitter Timeout (sec)

This parameter displays the transmitter Test Mode timeout period. The radio will automatically exit the

transmitter Test Mode after the Timeout period.



LICENCE

Remote Management

This parameter displays if Remote Management is enabled or disabled. The default setting is enabled.

Ethernet OTA (over the air)

This parameter displays if Ethernet traffic is enabled or disabled. The Ethernet OTA will be enabled if the

Ethernet feature licence has been purchased (see ‘Maintenance > Licence’ on page 156).

SNMP Management

This parameter displays if SNMP management is enabled or disabled. The default setting is enabled.



Maintenance > General

GENERAL

Local Status Polling Period (sec)

This parameter sets the rate at which SuperVisor refreshes the Local Radio alarm LED states and RSSI

value. The default setting is 10 seconds.

Network View Polling Period (sec)

This parameter sets the rate at which SuperVisor polls all remote radios for status and alarm reporting.

The default setting is 20 seconds.

Remote Status Polling Period (sec)

This parameter sets the rate at which SuperVisor refreshes the Remote Radio alarm LED states and RSSI

value. To avoid problems when managing Aprisa SR+ Networks, ensure that the Remote Polling Period is

set to be longer than the Inband Management Timeout (set on page 78). The default setting is 20 seconds.

Inactivity Timeout (min)

This parameter sets the period of user inactivity before SuperVisor automatically logs out of the radio. The

default setting is 15 minutes.



Write Alarm History to USB

This parameter when enabled writes the alarm history file to a USB flash drive into the Host Port .

The file is a space delimited text file with a file name in the format ‘alarm_ipaddress_date,time’

e.g. ‘alarm_172.17.10.17_2000-01-13,17.13.45.txt’.

The maximum number of event entries that can be stored is 1500 alarms.

The following table is an example of the alarm history file generated:

Index Event Name Severity State Time Additional Information

1 softwareStartUp information 0 2011-05-08,12:26:31.0 Power on Reset

2 softwareStartUp information 0 2011-05-08,12:56:33.0 Power on Reset

3 protPeerCommunicationsLost major 1 2011-05-08,12:56:39.0 Ethernet Comm Lost with Peer

4 protSwitchOccurred information 0 2011-05-08,12:56:39.0 Keepalive missed from Active

5 protPeerCommunicationsLost cleared 2 2011-05-08,12:56:40.0 Alarm Cleared

6 rfNoReceiveData warning 1 2011-05-08,12:56:53.0 RF No Rx Data for 6 seconds

7 eth2NoRxData warning 1 2011-05-08,12:57:03.0 ETH2 has not received data for 21 seconds

8 rfNoReceiveData cleared 2 2011-05-08,12:57:05.0



11 serialNoRxData warning 1 2011-05-08,12:57:25.0 Serial has not received data for 44 seconds



State

The State column is an indication of whether the event is active or not. An even number indicates an

inactive state while an odd number indicates an active state.

The AUX LED will flash orange while the file is copying to the USB flash drive.

Delete Alarm History file

This parameter when activated deletes the alarm history file stored in the radio.



REBOOT

To reboot the radio:

1. Select Maintenance > General.

2. Tick the ‘Reboot’ checkbox.

3. Click ‘Save’ to apply the changes or ‘Cancel’ to restore the current value.

4. Click ‘OK’ to reboot the radio or ‘Cancel’ to abort.

All the radio LEDs will flash repeatedly for 1 second.

The radio will be operational again in about 10 seconds.

The OK, MODE, and AUX LEDs will light green and the TX and RX LEDs will be green (steady or flashing) if

the network is operating correctly.

5. Login to SuperVisor.



Maintenance > Test Mode

TRANSMITTER

PRBS Test Enabled

When active, the transmitter outputs a continuous PRBS signal. This can be used for evaluating the output

spectrum of the transmitter and verifying adjacent channel power and spurious emission products.

Deviation Test Enabled

When active, the transmitter outputs a sideband tone at the deviation frequency used by the CPFSK

modulator. This can be used to evaluate the local oscillator leakage and sideband rejection performance

of the transmitter.

CW Test Enabled

When active, the transmitter outputs a continuous wave signal. This can be used to verify the frequency

stability of the transmitter.

Test Mode Timeout (s)

This parameter sets the Transmitter Test Mode timeout period. The radio will automatically exit

Transmitter Test Mode after the Timeout period. The default setting is 10 seconds.



RSSI TEST BUTTON

Response Timeout (ms)

This parameter sets the time RSSI Test Mode waits for a response from the base station before it times out

and retries. The default setting is 3000 ms.

Transmit Period (sec)

This parameter sets the time between RSSI Test Mode requests to the base station. The default setting is

5 seconds.

Test Mode Timeout (s)

This parameter sets the RSSI Test Mode timeout period. The radio will automatically exit RSSI Test Mode

after the Timeout period. The default setting is 600 seconds.



Maintenance > Modem

ADAPTIVE MODULATION

Adaptive Modulation Lock

This parameter sets whether adaptive modulation can be locked or not.

Option Function

Disable Disables manual locking of the adaptive modulation i.e. allows for automatic adaptive modulation.

Enabled Allows the adaptive modulation to be manually locked

Timer Allows the adaptive modulation to be manually locked but only for a predetermined period.

Adaptive Modulation Lock To

This parameter manually locks the adaptive modulation.

Option Function

Default Manually locks the adaptive modulation to the default modulation defined in ‘Default Modulation’ on page 99.

Current Manually locks the adaptive modulation to the current modulation at that time.

Duration (s)

This parameter defines the period required for manually locking the adaptive modulation. When this

period elapses, the adaptive modulation becomes automatic.



FEC DISABLE

FEC Disable

This parameter sets whether the Forward Error Correction can be locked or not.

Option Function

Disable Disables FEC

Enabled Enables FEC

Timer Allows the FEC to be disabled but only for a predetermined period.

Duration (s)

This parameter defines the period required for disabling of the FEC. When this period elapses, the FEC is

enabled.



Maintenance > Defaults

DEFAULTS

The Maintenance Defaults page is only available for the local terminal.

Restore Factory Defaults

When activated, all radio parameters will be set to the factory default values. This includes resetting the

radio IP address to the default of 169.254.50.10.

Note: Take care using this command.

Save User Defaults

When activated, all current radio parameter settings will be saved to non-volatile memory within the

radio.

Restore User Defaults

When activated, all radio parameters will be set to the settings previously saved using ‘Save User

Defaults’.



Maintenance > Licence

LICENCE

Fully Featured Radio

When a fully featured Aprisa SR+ radio is purchased (indicated by the AA), it contains the licences which

activate Remote Management, Ethernet Traffic, and SNMP Management e.g.


APSQ-N400-SSC-HD-22-ENAA 4RF SR+, BR, 400-470 MHz, SSC, Half Duplex, 2E2S, EN, AA

In this software version, Remote Management, Ethernet Traffic and SNMP management are enabled by

default.



Maintenance > Advanced

NETWORK

Node Registration Retry (sec)

This parameter sets the base station poll time at startup or the remote / repeater station time between

retries until registered. The default setting is 10 seconds.

Base Station Announcement Period (min)

This parameter sets the period between base station polls post startup. The default setting is 1440

minutes (24 hours).

When a new base station powers on, it announces its presence and each remote that receives the

announcement message will be advised that a new base station is present and that they should re-register.

This allows the new base station to populate its Network Table, with knowledge of the nodes in the

network.

If, during this initial period, there is some temporary path disturbance to one or more remotes, they may

miss the initial announcement messages and be left unaware of the base station change. For this reason,

the base station must periodically send out announcement messages to pick up any stray nodes and the

period of these messages is the base station Announcement Period.

Setting this parameter to 0 will stop periodic announcement messages being transmitted.

If a critical parameter is changed in the base station, such as IP address, then the change is distributed to

the network using base station announcement message. Note that in this case, an announcement is sent

immediately independent of the Announcement Period setting.



Node Missed Poll Count

This parameter sets the number of times the base station attempts to poll the network at startup or if a

duplicate IP is detected when a remote / repeater station is replaced. The default setting is 3.

Discover Nodes

This parameter when activated triggers the base station to poll the network with Node Missed Poll Count

and Node Registration Retry values.

Decommission Node(s)

This parameter when activated resets the network registrations to remove the entire network from

service.

Note: Take care using this option.

Broadcast Time

This parameter when activated sends the base station Date / Time setting to all the remote and repeater

stations in the network and sets their Date / Time. This option applies to the base station only.

Automatic Route Rediscovery

This parameter enables the radio to transmit route discovery messages when packets are unacknowledged.

When enabled, unacknowledged unicast packets are converted into uni-broadcast messages and sent

through the network. All nodes see the message and populate their routing tables accordingly.

When the destination node is reached, it sends a route response message via the shortest path. The

intermediate nodes see this message and populate their routing tables in the reverse direction, thus re-

establishing the route.

The default setting is disabled.

RF Interface MAC address

This parameter is only applicable when the radio is part of a Protected Station.

This RF Interface MAC address is used to define the MAC address of the Protection Switch. This address is

entered into both Protected Station radios in the factory.

If a replacement Protection Switch is installed, the replacement unit MAC address must be entered in both

radios.

The Protection Switch RF Interface MAC address is shown on the Protection Switch label:



CONFIGURATION

Save Configuration to USB

This parameter saves all user configuration settings to a binary encrypted file on the USB root directory

with filename of asrcfg_1.1.3. Some parameters are not saved e.g. security passwords, licence keys etc.

Restore Configuration from USB

This parameter restores all user configuration settings from a binary encrypted file on the USB root

directory with filename of asrcfg_1.1.3.

Note: Activating this function will over-write all existing configuration settings in the radio (except for the

non-saved settings e.g. security passwords, licence keys etc).



Events

The Events menu contains the setup and management of the alarms, alarm events and traps.

Events > Alarm Summary

There are two types of events that can be generated on the Aprisa SR+ radio. These are:

1. Alarm Events

Alarm Events are generated to indicate a problem on the radio.

2. Informational Events

Informational Events are generated to provide information on key activities that are occurring on the

radio. These events do not indicate an alarm on the radio and are used to provide information only.

See ‘Alarm Types and Sources’ on page 220 for a complete list of events.

ALARM SUMMARY

The Alarm Summary is a display tree that displays the current states of all radio alarms. The alarm states

refresh automatically every 12 seconds.

LED Colour Severity

Green No alarm

Orange Warning alarm

Red Critical, major or minor alarm



Events > Event History

EVENT HISTORY

The last 1500 events are stored in the radio. The complete event list can be downloaded to a USB flash

drive (see ‘Write Alarm History to USB’ on page 149).

The Event History can display the last 50 events stored in the radio in blocks of 8 events.

The Next button will display the next page of 8 events and the Prev button will display the previous page

of 8 events. Using these buttons will disable Auto Refresh to prevent data refresh and page navigation

contention.

The last 50 events stored in the radio are also accessible via an SNMP command.

Auto Refresh

The Event History page selected will refresh automatically every 12 seconds if the Auto Refresh is ticked.



Events > Events Setup

EVENTS SETUP

Alarm event parameters can be configured for all alarm events (see ‘Alarm Events’ on page 221).

All active alarms for configured alarm events will be displayed on the Parameters page (see ‘Terminal >

Parameters’ on page 84). This Switch and Block parameters are only visible / applicable when the radio is

part of a Protected Station.

Severity

The Severity parameter sets the alarm severity.

Severity Function

Critical The Critical severity level indicates that a service affecting condition has occurred and an immediate corrective action is required. Such a severity can be reported, for example, when a managed object becomes totally out of service and its capability must be restored.

Major The Major severity level indicates that a service affecting condition has developed and an urgent corrective action is required. Such a severity can be reported, for example, when there is a severe degradation in the capability of the managed object and its full capability must be restored.

Minor The Minor severity level indicates the existence of a non-service affecting fault condition and that corrective action should be taken in order to prevent a more serious (for example, service affecting) fault.

Such a severity can be reported, for example, when the detected alarm condition is not currently degrading the capacity of the managed object.

Warning The Warning severity level indicates the detection of a potential or impending service affecting fault, before any significant effects have been felt. Action should be taken to further diagnose (if necessary) and correct the problem in order to prevent it from becoming a more serious service affecting fault.

Information No problem indicated – purely information



Suppress

This parameter determines if the action taken by an alarm.

Option Function

None Alarm triggers an event trap and is logged in the radio

Traps Alarm is logged in the radio but does not trigger an event trap

Traps and Log Alarm neither triggers an event trap nor is logged in the radio

Lower Limit / Upper Limit

Threshold alarm events have lower and upper limit settings. The alarm is activated if the current reading

is outside the limits.

Example: 9 RX CRC Errors

The Upper Limit is set to 0.7 and the Duration is set to 5 seconds.

If in any 5 second period, the total number of errored packets divided by the total number of received

packets exceeds 0.7, the alarm will activate.

Units (1)

The Units parameter shows the unit for the Lower Limit and Upper Limit parameters.

Duration

This parameter determines the period to wait before an alarm is raised if no data is received.

Units (2)

This parameter shows the unit for the Duration parameters.

Switch

This parameter determines if the alarm when active causes a switch over of the Protection Switch.


Block

This parameter determines if the alarm is prevented from causing a switch over of the Protection Switch.


The Next button will display the next page of 8 alarm events and the Prev button will display the previous

page of 8 alarm events.



Events > Traps Setup

TRAPS SETUP

All events can generate SNMP traps. The types of traps that are supported are defined in the ‘Notification

Mode’.

Destination Address

This parameter sets the IP address of the server running the SNMP manager.

Port

This parameter sets the port number the server running the SNMP manager.

Community String

This parameter sets the community string which is sent with the IP address for security. The default

community string is ‘public’.

Notification Mode

This parameter sets when an event related trap is sent:

Option Function

None No event related traps are sent.

Event Recorded When an event is recorded in the event history log, a trap is sent.

Event Updated When an event is updated in the event history log, a trap is sent.

All Events When an event is recorded or updated in the event history log, a trap is sent.



Notification Type

This parameter sets the type of event notification:

Option Function

Standard Trap Provides a standard SNMP trap event

Inform Request Provides a SNMP v2 Inform Request trap event including trap retry and acknowledgement

Notification Type set to Inform Request:

Timeout (second)

This parameter sets the time interval to wait for an acknowledgement before sending another retry.

Maximum Retries

This parameter sets the maximum number of retries to send the event without acknowledgement before it

gives up.

Enabled

This parameter determines if the entry is used.



Events > Alarm I/O Setup

ALARM PORTS

This page provides control of the two hardware alarm inputs and two hardware alarm outputs provided on

the alarm connector.

The alarm inputs are used to transport alarms to the other radios in the network. The alarm outputs are

used to receive alarms from other radios in the network.

These alarms are only available when the station is non protected.

Name

The alarm IO number.

Type

The Type shows if the alarm is an input or output.



Active State

The Active State parameter sets the alarm state which will cause an alarm.

Option Function

Low The alarm is active low i.e. a logic 0 on the port will cause an active alarm state

High The alarm is active high i.e. a logic 1 on the port will cause an active alarm state

Current State

The Current State shows the current state of the alarm.



Events > Event Action Setup

EVENT ACTION SETUP

This page provides control of the mapping of events to specific actions. Specific alarm events can setup to

trigger outputs.

Action Definition

This parameter shows the number of the event action setup and the maximum number of setups stored.

Action Destination IP Address

This parameter sets the IP address of the radio that will output the action type.

Action Type

This parameter sets the action type that will be activated on the radio.

Option Function

None This action setup does not activate any alarm output

Activate Alarm Output 1 This action setup activates alarm output 1

Activate Alarm Output 2 This action setup activates alarm output 2



Action Threshold Criteria

This parameter sets the radio event that will trigger the action output.

Option Function

None No action output.

Radio Severity Equal Critical Activates the action output when a radio alarm is critical alarm

Radio Severity Equal Major Activates the action output when a radio alarm is a major alarm

Radio Severity Equal Minor Activates the action output when a radio alarm is minor alarm

Radio Severity Equal Warning Activates the action output when a radio alarm is a warning alarm

Radio Severity Equal Cleared Activates the action output when a radio alarm is cleared

Radio Severity Equal or Worse than Major

Activates the action output when a radio alarm is a major alarm or a critical alarm

Radio Severity Equal or Worse than Minor

Activates the action output when a radio alarm is a minor alarm, a major alarm or a critical alarm

Radio Severity Equal or Worse than Warning

Activates the action output when a radio alarm is a warning, a major alarm, a minor alarm or a critical alarm

Controls

The Save button saves the current event action setup.

The Cancel button cancels the new event action setup.

The Add button adds a new event action setup.

The Delete button deletes the current event action setup.

The Clear Map button clears all alarm selections on the current setup.

To add an event action setup:

1. Click on the Add button.

2. Enter the Action Destination IP Address. This is the IP address of the radio that will output the action

type.

3. Select the Action Type from the list.

4. Select the Action Threshold Criteria from the list.

5. Tick the alarms required for the event action setup from the Action Alarm Map. You can clear all

alarm selections with the Clear Map button.

6. Click on Save.



Events > Defaults

EVENT DEFAULTS

Restore Defaults

This parameter when activated restores all previously configured event parameters using ‘Events > Events

Setup’ to the factory default settings.



Software

The Software menu contains the setup and management of the system software including network

software distribution and activation.


The radio software can be upgraded on a single Aprisa SR+ radio (see ‘Single Radio Software Upgrade’ on

page 215). This process would only be used if the radio was a replacement or a new station in an existing

network.


The radio software can be upgraded on an entire Aprisa SR+ radio network remotely over the radio link

(see ‘Network Software Upgrade’ on page 214). This process involves following steps:

1. Transfer the new software to base station with ‘Software > File Transfer’

2. Distribute the new software to all remote stations with ‘Software > Remote Distribution’

3. Activate of the new software on remote stations with ‘Software > Remote Activation’.

4. Finally, activate the new software on the base station radio with ‘Software > Manager’. Note:

activating the software will reboot the radio.



Software > Summary

This page provides a summary of the software versions installed on the radio, the setup options and the

status of the File Transfer.



SOFTWARE VERSIONS

Current Version

This parameter displays the software version running on the radio.

Previous Version


being activated.

Software Pack Version

On the base station, this parameter displays the software version available for distribution to all radios in

the network.

On the all stations, this parameter displays the software version ready for activation.

USB AUTOMATIC UPGRADE

USB Boot Upgrade

This parameter shows the type of USB Boot upgrade defined in ‘Software Setup > USB Boot Upgrade’ on

page 174.

FILE TRANSFER

Transfer Activity

This parameter shows the status of the transfer, ‘Idle’, ‘In Progress’ or ‘Completed’.

Method

This parameter shows the file transfer method.

File

This parameter shows the software file source.

Transfer Result

This parameter shows the progress of the transfer.



Software > Setup

This page provides the setup of the USB flash drive containing a Software Pack.

USB SETUP

USB Boot Upgrade

This parameter determines the action taken when the radio power cycles and finds a USB flash drive in the

Host port. The default setting is ‘Load and Activate’.

Option Function

Load and Activate New software will be uploaded from a USB flash drive in to the Aprisa SR+ when the radio is power cycled and activated automatically.

Load Only New software will be uploaded from a USB flash drive in to the Aprisa SR+ when the radio is power cycled. The software will need to be manually activated (see ‘Software > Manager’ on page 178).

Disabled Software will not be uploaded from a USB flash drive into the Aprisa SR+ when the radio is power cycled.

Note: This parameter must be set to ‘Disabled’ if the ‘File Transfer and Activate’ method of upgrade is

used. This ‘Disabled’ setting prevents the radio from attempting another software upload when the radio

boots (which it does automatically after activation).



Software > File Transfer

This page provides the mechanism to transfer new software from a file source into the radio.

SETUP FILE TRANSFER

Direction

This parameter sets the direction of file transfer. In this software version, the only choice is ‘To the

Radio’.

Method

This parameter sets the method of file transfer.

Option Function

USB Transfer Transfers the software from the USB flash drive to the radio.

FTP Transfers the software from an FTP server to the radio.

File


FTP Username

This parameter sets the Username to access the FTP server.

FTP Password

This parameter sets the Password to access the FTP server.



FILE TRANSFER STATUS

Transfer Activity

This parameter shows the status of the transfer, ‘Idle’, ‘In Progress’ or ‘Completed’.

Direction

This parameter shows the direction of file transfer. In this software version, the only choice is ‘To The

Radio’.

Method

This parameter shows the file transfer method.

File


Transfer Result

This parameter shows the progress of the transfer:

Transfer Result Function

Starting Transfer The transfer has started but no data has transferred.

In Progress (x %) The transfer has started and has transferred x % of the data.

Successful The transfer has finished successfully.

File Error The transfer has failed.

Possible causes of failure are:

Is the source file available e.g. USB flash drive plugged in

Does the file source contain the Aprisa SR+ software release files;



To transfer software into the Aprisa SR+ radio:

USB Transfer Method

1. Unzip the software release files in to the root directory of a USB flash drive.

2. Insert the USB flash drive into the Host Port .

3. Click on ‘Start Transfer’.

4. When the transfer is completed, remove the USB flash drive from the Host Port. If the SuperVisor ‘USB

Boot Upgrade’ setting is set to ‘Disabled’ (see ‘USB Boot Upgrade’ on page 174), the USB flash drive

doesn’t need to be removed as the radio won’t try to load from it.

Go to Supervisor > Software > Manager and activate the Software Pack (see ‘Software > Manager’ on page

178). The radio will reboot automatically.

If the file transfer fails, check the Event History page (see ‘Events > Event History’ on page 161) for more

details of the transfer.

FTP Method

1. Unzip the software release files in to a temporary directory.

2. Open the FTP server and point it to the temporary directory.

3. Enter the FTP server IP address, Username and password into SuperVisor.


Go to Supervisor > Software > Manager and activate the Software Pack (see ‘Software > Manager’ on page

178). The radio will reboot automatically.

If the file transfer fails, check the Event History page (see ‘Events > Event History’ on page 161) for more

details of the transfer.



Software > Manager

This page summarises and manages the software versions available in the radio.

The manager is predominantly used to activate new software on single radios. Network activation is

performed with ‘Software > Remote Activation’.

Both the previous software (if available) and Software Pack versions can be activated on the radio from

this page.

CURRENT SOFTWARE

Version

This parameter displays the software version running on the radio.

Status

This parameter displays the status of the software version running on the radio (always active).



PREVIOUS SOFTWARE

Version


being activated.

Status

This parameter displays the status of the software version that was running on the radio prior to the

current software being activated.

Option Function

Active The software is operating the radio.

Inactive The software is not operating the radio but could be re-activated if required.

Activate

This parameter activates the previous software version (restores to previous version).

The Aprisa SR+ will automatically reboot after activation.

SOFTWARE PACK

Version

This parameter displays the software pack version available for distribution on base station and activate

on all stations.

Status

This parameter displays the status of the software pack version.

Option Function

Available On the base station, the software pack is available for distribution.

On all stations, the software pack is available for activation.

Activating The software pack is activating in the radio.

Unavailable There is no software pack loaded into the radio.

Activate

This parameter activates the software pack.

The Aprisa SR+ will automatically reboot after activation.



To activate a software version:

1. Tick the software version required to be activated (previous software or software pack).

2. Click ‘Apply’.

The page will display a Status of ‘Activating’.

Once started, activation cannot be cancelled.

When the activation is completed, the radio will reboot. This will cause the current SuperVisor session to

expire.

3. Login to SuperVisor to check the result.



Software > Remote Distribution

This page provides the mechanism to distribute software to all remote stations into the Aprisa SR+

network (network) and then activate it.

The Software Pack that was loaded into the base station with the file transfer process (see ‘Software >

File Transfer’ on page 175) can be distributed via the radio link to all remote stations.

This page is used to manage the distribution of that software pack to all remote radios on the network.

This page is only available when the radio is configured as a Base Station.

REMOTE SOFTWARE DISTRIBUTION

Software Pack Version

This parameter displays the software pack version available for distribution on base station and activate

on all stations.

Status

This parameter displays the status of the software pack version.

If a Software Pack is not available, the status will display ‘Unavailable’ and the software distribution

mechanism will not work.



Start Transfer

This parameter when activated distributes (broadcasts) the new Software Pack to all remote stations in

the network.

Note: The distribution of software to remote stations does not stop customer traffic from being

transferred. However, due to the volume of traffic, the software distribution process may affect customer

traffic.

Software distribution traffic is classified as ‘management traffic’ but does not use the Ethernet

management priority setting. Software distribution traffic priority has a fixed priority setting of ‘very

low’.

To distribute software to remote stations:

This process assumes that a Software Pack has been loaded into the base station with the file transfer

process (see ‘Software > File Transfer’ on page 175).

1. To ensure that the Network Table is up to date, it is recommended running the node discover function

(see ‘Discover Nodes’ on page 158).


Note: This process could take anywhere between 40 minutes and several hours depending on channel size,

Ethernet Management Priority setting and the amount of customer traffic on the network.

3. When the distribution is completed, activate the software with the Remote Software Activation.

Pause Transfer

This parameter when activated, pauses the distribution process and shows the distribution status. The

distribution process will continue from where it was paused with Resume Transfer.

Cancel Transfer

This parameter when activated, cancels the distribution process immediately.

During the distribution process, it is possible to navigate away from this page and come back to it to check

progress. The SuperVisor session will not timeout.



Software > Remote Activation

This page provides the mechanism to activate software on all remote stations.

The Software Pack was loaded into the base station with the file transfer process (see ‘Software > File

Transfer’ on page 175) and was distributed via the radio link to all remote stations.

This page is used to manage the activation of that software pack on all remote radios on the network.

This page is only available when the radio is configured as a Base Station.

REMOTE SOFTWARE ACTIVATION

When the software pack version has been distributed to all the remote stations, the software is then

activated in all the remote stations with this command. If successful, then activate the software pack in

the base station to complete the network upgrade.

Version

This parameter displays the software version for activation. The default version is the software pack

version but any valid software version can be entered in the format ‘n.n.n’.

To activate software in remote stations:

This process assumes that a Software Pack has been loaded into the base station with the file transfer

process (see ‘Software > File Transfer’ on page 175) and distributed to all remote radios in the network.

Note: Do not navigate SuperVisor away from this page during the activation process (SuperVisor can lose

PC focus).



1. Enter the Software Pack version (if different from displayed version).

2. Click on ‘Start Activation’.

The remote stations will be polled to determine which radios require activation:

Result Function (X of Y)

Remote Radios Polled for Partners

X is the number of radios polled to determine the number of protected stations in the network.


Remote Radios Polled for New Version

X is the number of radios polled to determine the number of radios that contain the new software version.


Remote Radios Activated X is the number of radios that contain the new software version and have been activated.

Y is the number of radios that contain the new software version and can be activated.

Remote Radios On New Version

X is the number of radios that has been successfully activated and now running the new version of software.

Y is the number of radios that the activation command was executed on.

When the activation is ready to start:

3. Click on ‘OK’ to start the activation process or Cancel to quit.



The page will display the progress of the activation.

The example shows that during the activation process there were exceptions that may need to be

investigated.

When all the remote radios have been activated, the base station radio must now be activated with (see

‘Software > Manager’ on page 178).

4. Click on ‘OK’ to start the activation on the base station.



Network Status

Network Status > Network Table

This page displays a list of all the registered remote stations for the base station and provides

management access to each of the remote stations.

NETWORK TABLE

This Network Table is only available when the local radio is the base station i.e. SuperVisor is logged into

the base station.

To manage a remote / repeater station with SuperVisor:

Click on the radio button of the required station. The remaining menu items then apply to the selected

remote station.



Network Status > Summary

Network View is an overview of the health of the network providing the ability to investigate issues

directly within SuperVisor.

This page provides an overall summary view of the alarm status of all registered remote stations for the

base station. When open, it provides a continuous monitor of the network.

NETWORK SUMMARY

A network poll will start when any of the Network Status pages are opened (Summary, Exceptions or

View). The network poll will only continue to poll the remote stations if one of the Network Status pages

is open (SuperVisor can lose PC focus). The network poll continues from where it was stopped last time it

was polling.

The initial result assumes that all remote stations are operating correctly.

Network Summary Example:

Result Function

Network Polling Cycle The number of poll cycles since first opening a Network Status > Summary, Exceptions or View page.

The page example shows 6 polling cycles.

Remote Radios Polled This shows the number of radios polled for the current polling cycle out of the number remote radios registered with the base station.

The page example shows 1 radio polled for the current polling cycle out of 3 remote radios registered.

Polling Interval The time interval between the completion of one radio poll and the start of the next radio poll. To set the polling interval, see ‘Maintenance > General’ on page 148.



If a remote radio does not respond to a poll request within 10 seconds, the previous readings from that

radio will be presented. Connectivity to a remote radio will be show as ‘lost’ if the remote radio has not

responded to 3 consecutive poll requests.



Network Status > Exceptions

This page provides a list of all registered remote radios that are in an alarmed state or have stopped

responding to the SuperVisor polling. When open, it provides a continuous monitor of the network.

NETWORK EXCEPTIONS




was polling.

Network Exceptions Example:

Result Function




The page example shows 3 radios polled for the current polling cycle out of 4 remote radios registered.







If a remote radio on the list is detected to be responding to a poll request and no longer be in an alarmed

state, the entry for this remote radio will be removed from the list.

View Events

Clicking on View Events navigates to the Events page (see ‘Events’ on page 160) for the specific remote

radio where the radio events will be displayed.

View Parameters

Clicking on View Parameters navigates to Terminal > Parameters page (see ‘Terminal > Parameters’ on

page 84) for the specific remote radio where the radio parameters will be displayed.



Network Status > View

This page provides a complete list of all registered remote radios. It is similar to the Exceptions page but

it shows all radios, not limited to the radios with alarms. When open, it provides a continuous monitor of

the network.

NETWORK VIEW




was polling.

Network View Example:

Result Function




The page example shows 1 radio polled for the current polling cycle out of 3 remote radios registered.


Note: as this polling feature utilizes air time, the polling interval should be selected to suit the network traffic.






View Events

Clicking on View Events navigates to the Events page (see ‘Events’ on page 160) for the specific remote

radio where the radio events will be displayed.

View Parameters

Clicking on View Parameters navigates to Terminal > Parameters page (see ‘Terminal > Parameters’ on

page 84) for the specific remote radio where the radio parameters will be displayed.



Command Line Interface

The Aprisa SR+ has a Command Line Interface (CLI) which provides basic product setup and configuration.

This can be useful if you need to confirm the radio’s IP address, for example.

You can password-protect the Command Line Interface to prevent unauthorized users from modifying

radio settings.

This interface can be accessed via an Ethernet Port (RJ45) or the Management Port (USB micro type B).

Connecting to the Management Port

A USB Cable USB A to USB micro B, 1m is provided with each radio.

1. Connect the USB A to your computer USB port and the USB micro B to the management port of the

Aprisa SR+ (MGMT).

2. Unzip and install the USB Serial Driver CP210x_VCP_Win2K_XP_S2K3.zip on your computer. This file is

on the Information and setup CD supplied with the radio.

3. Go to your computer device manager (Control Panel > System > Hardware > Device Manager)

4. Click on ‘Ports (COM & LPT)’



5. Make a note of the COM port which has been allocated to the ‘Silicon Labs CP210x USB to UART

Bridge’ (COM3 in the example below)

6. Open HyperTerminal Session (Start > All Programs > Accessories > Communications > HyperTerminal)

7. Enter a name for the connection (Aprisa SR+ CLI for example) and click OK.

8. Select the COM port from the Connect Using drop-down box that was allocated to the UART USB.



9. Set the COM port settings as follows:

10. Click OK. The HyperTerminal window will open.

11. Press the Enter key to initiate the session.

12. Login to the Aprisa SR+ CLI with a default Username ‘admin’ and Password ‘admin’.

The Aprisa MIB menu is shown:



CLI Commands

To enter a CLI command:

1. Type the first few characters of the command and hit Tab. This auto completes the command.

2. Enter the command string and enter.

Note: All CLI commands are case sensitive.

The top level CLI command list is displayed by typing a ? at the command prompt.

The following is a list of the top level CLI commands and their usage:

CLI Command Usage

adduser adduser [-g <password aging>] [-a <account aging>] [-i <role>] <userName> <userPassword>

browser browser <state(STR)>

cd cd <changeMode(STR)>

clear Clears the screen

config

config

userdefault

save

restore

factorydefault

restore

debug

set subsystem param(INT) level param(INT)

get

clear subsystem param(INT) level param(INT)

help

log

dump

clear

deleteuser deleteuser <userName>

editpasswd editpasswd <oldpassword> <newpassword>

edituser edituser [-p <password>] [-g <password aging>] [-a <account aging>] [-i]

get get [-m <mib name>] [-n <module name>] <attribute name> [indexes]

list list <tablename>

logout Logs out from the CLI

ls Displays the next level menu items

pwd Displays the current working directory

reboot Reboots the radio

rohc

stats

show

clear

set set [-m <mib name> ] [-n <module name>] <attribute name> <attribute set v]

who Shows the users currently logged into the radio



Viewing the CLI Terminal Summary

At the command prompt, type:

cd APRISASR-MIB-4RF

MPA APRISASR-MIB-4RF >>ls Terminal

Changing the Radio IP Address with the CLI

At the command prompt, type ‘set termEthController1IpAddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx’



In-Service Commissioning

Before You Start

When you have finished installing the hardware, RF and the traffic interface cabling, the system is ready

to be commissioned. Commissioning the radio is a simple process and consists of:

1. Powering up the radios.

2. Configuring all radios in the network using SuperVisor.

3. Aligning the antennas.

4. Testing that the links are operating correctly.

5. Connecting up the client or user interfaces.

What You Will Need

Appropriately qualified commissioning staff at both ends of each link.

Safety equipment appropriate for the antenna location at both ends of each link.

Communication equipment, that is, mobile phones or two-way radios.

SuperVisor software running on an appropriate laptop, computer, or workstation at the base

station radio.

Tools to facilitate loosening and re-tightening the antenna pan and tilt adjusters.

Predicted receiver input levels and fade margin figures from the radio link budget.



Antenna Alignment

A base station omni-directional collinear antenna has a vertical polarization. The remote station yagi

antennas must also have vertical polarization.

Aligning the Antennas

Align the remote station yagi antennas by making small adjustments while monitoring the RSSI. The Aprisa

SR+ has a Test Mode which presents a real time visual display of the RSSI on the front panel LEDs. This can

be used to adjust the antenna for optimum signal strength (see ‘Test Mode’ on page 39).

Note: Low gain antennas need less adjustment in elevation as they are simply aimed at the horizon. They

should always be panned horizontally to find the peak signal.

1. Press and hold the TEST button on the radio LED panel until all the LEDs flash green (about 3 - 5

seconds).

Note: The time for the LEDs to display the RSSI result is variable, depending on the network traffic,

and can be up to 5 seconds. Small antenna adjustments should be made and then wait for the display

to refresh.

The RSSI poll refresh rate can be set with the SuperVisor command ‘Transmit Period’ (see

‘Maintenance > Test Mode’ on page 151).

2. Move the antenna through a complete sweep horizontally (pan). Note down the RSSI reading for all the

peaks in RSSI that you discover in the pan.

3. Move the antenna to the position corresponding to the maximum RSSI value obtained during the pan.

Move the antenna horizontally slightly to each side of this maximum to find the two points where the

RSSI drops slightly.

4. Move the antenna halfway between these two points and tighten the clamp.

5. If the antenna has an elevation adjustment, move the antenna through a complete sweep (tilt)

vertically. Note down the RSSI reading for all the peaks in RSSI that you discover in the tilt.

6. Move the antenna to the position corresponding to the maximum RSSI value obtained during the tilt.

Move the antenna slightly up and then down from the maximum to find the two points where the RSSI

drops slightly.

7. Move the antenna halfway between these two points and tighten the clamp.

8. Recheck the pan (steps 2-4) and tighten all the clamps firmly.

9. To exit Test Mode, press and hold the TEST button until all the LEDs flash red (about 3 – 5 seconds).

200 | Product Options


8. Product Options

Data Interface Ports

The standard Aprisa SR+ provides multiple interface port options for combinations of Ethernet and RS-232

serial for a total of four interface ports i.e. port options of 2E2S, 3E1S or 4E0S, where E=Ethernet,

S=Serial port.

The product shown below is the two Ethernet ports plus two RS-232 serial ports.

Interface Port Option Part Number

4 Ethernet ports and no RS-232 serial ports APSQ-N400-SSC-HD-40-ENAA

3 Ethernet ports and 1 RS-232 serial port APSQ-N400-SSC-HD-31-ENAA

2 Ethernet ports and 2 RS-232 serial ports APSQ-N400-SSC-HD-22-ENAA

Note: The optional serial interface is always available via the USB to serial converter.

Product Options | 201


Protected Station

The Aprisa SR+ Protected Station is fully monitored hot-standby and fully hot-swappable product providing

radio and user interface protection for Aprisa SR+ radios. The RF ports and interface ports from the active

radio are switched to the standby radio if there is a failure in the active radio.

Option Example


APSQ-R400-SSC-HD-22-ENAA 4RF SR+, PS, 400-470 MHz, SSC, Half Duplex, 2E2S, EN, AA

The Aprisa SR+ Protected Station is comprised of an Aprisa SR+ Protection Switch and two standard Aprisa

SR+ radios mounted in a 2U rack mounting chassis.

All interfaces (RF, data, etc.) are continually monitored on both the active and standby radio to ensure

correct operation. The standby radio can be replaced without impacting traffic flow on the active radio.

The Aprisa SR+ radios can be any of the currently available Aprisa SR+ radio frequency bands, channel

sizes or interface port options.

The Aprisa SR+ Protected Station can operate as a base station, repeater station or remote station. The

protection behaviour and switching criteria between the active and standby radios is identical for the

three configurations.

By default, the Aprisa SR+ Protected Station is configured with the left hand radio (A) designated as the

primary radio and the right hand radio (B) designated as the secondary radio.

Each radio is configured with its own unique IP and MAC address and the address of the partner radio.

On power-up, the primary radio will assume the active role and the secondary radio will assume the

standby role. If, for some reason, only one radio is powered on it will automatically assume the active

role.



Protected Ports

The protected ports are located on the protected station front panel. Switching occurs between the active

radio ports and the standby radio ports based on the switching criteria described below.

The protected ports include:

Antenna ports ANT/TX and RX (if dual antenna ports used)

Ethernet ports (depending on interface port option purchased)

Serial ports (depending on interface port option purchased)

Operation

In hot-standby normal operation, the active radio carries all RS-232 serial and Ethernet traffic over the

radio link and the standby radio transmit is on with its transmitter connected to an internal load. Both

radios are continually monitored for correct operation including the transmitter and receiver and alarms

are raised if an event occurs.

The active radio sends regular ‘keep alive’ messages to the standby radio to indicate it is operating

correctly. In the event of a failure on the active radio, the RF link and user interface traffic is

automatically switched to the standby radio.

The failed radio can then be replaced in the field without interrupting user traffic.

Switch Over

The switch over to the standby radio can be initiated automatically, on fault detection, or manually via

the Hardware Manual Lock switch on the Protection Switch or the Software Manual Lock from SuperVisor.

Additionally, it is possible to switch over the radios remotely without visiting the station site, via the

remote control connector on the front of the Protection Switch.

On detection of an alarm fault the switch over time is less than 0.5 seconds. Some alarms may take up to

30 seconds to be detected depending on the configuration options selected.

The Protection Switch has a switch guard mechanism to prevent protection switch oscillation. If a switch-

over has occurred, subsequent switch-over triggers will be blocked if the guard time has not elapsed.

The guard time starts at 20 seconds and doubles each switch-over to a maximum of 320 seconds and

halves after a period of two times the last guard time with no protection switch-overs.



Switching Criteria

The Protected Station will switch over operation from the active to the standby radio if any of the

configurable alarm events occur, or if there is a loss of the ‘keep alive’ signal from the active radio.

It is possible to configure the alarm events which will trigger the switch over. It is also possible to prevent

an alarm event triggering a switch over through the configuration of blocking criteria.

Any of the following alarm events can be set to trigger or prevent switching from the active radio to the

standby radio (see ‘Events > Events Setup’ on page 162).

PA current Alarm Input 2

Tx reverse power Tx AGC

Temperature threshold Thermal shutdown

RSSI Threshold RX Synthesizer Not Locked

Rx CRC errors RF no receive data

Port1 Eth no receive data Port2 Eth no receive data

Port1 Eth data receive errors Port2 Eth data receive errors

Port1 Eth data transmit errors Port2 Eth data transmit errors

Port1 Serial Data No RX Data Port1 Serial Data RX Errors

USB Port Serial Data No RX Data USB Port Serial Data RX Errors

Component failure Calibration failure

Configuration not supported Protection Hardware Failure

Alarm Input 1

It will not attempt to switch over to a standby radio which has power failure.

It will also not switch over to a standby radio with an active alarm event which has been configured as a

‘blocking criteria’.

Switch over will be initiated once either of these conditions is rectified, i.e. power is restored or the

alarm is cleared.

Configuration Management

The Primary and Secondary radios are managed with the embedded web-based management tool,

SuperVisor, by using either the Primary or Secondary IP address. Configuration changes in one of the radios

will automatically be reflected in the partner radio.

To ensure all remote stations are registered to the correct (active) base station, changes to the Network

Table are automatically synchronized from the active radio to the standby radio. The Network Table is

only visible on the active radio. This synchronization does not occur if the Hardware Manual Lock is active.



Hardware Manual Lock

The Hardware Manual Lock switch on the Protection Switch provides a manual override of the active /

standby radio.

When this lock is activated, the selected radio (A or B) becomes the active radio regardless of the

Software Manual Lock and the current switching or block criteria.

When the lock is deactivated (set to the Auto position), the protection will become automatic and

switching will be governed by normal switching and blocking criteria.

The state of the switch is indicated by the three LEDs on the Protection Switch:

A LED B LED Locked LED State

Green Off Off Auto - Radio A is active

Off Green Off Auto - Radio B is active

Green Off Orange Manual Lock to radio A

Off Green Orange Manual Lock to radio B

The Protection Switch also has a Software Manual Lock. The Hardware Manual Lock takes precedence over

Software Manual Lock if both diagnostic functions are activated i.e. if the Software Manual Lock is set to

‘Primary’ and the Hardware Manual Lock set to ‘Secondary’, the system will set the Secondary radio to

Active.

When a Hardware Manual Lock is deactivated (set to the Auto position), the Software Manual Lock is re-

evaluated and locks set appropriately.

Remote Control

The switch over to the standby radio can be initiated via the Remote Control connector on the front of the

Protection Switch. This control will only operate if the Hardware Manual Lock switch is set to the Auto

position.

The inputs are logic inputs with 4700 Ω pullup to +3.3 VDC. They require a pull down to ground to activate

the control. The ground potential is available on the connector (see ‘Protection Switch Remote Control

Connections’ on page 219).



L2 / L3 Protection Operation

The Aprisa SR+ Protected Station has selectable L2 Bridge or L3 Router modes, with VLAN, QoS and L2/3/4

address filtering attributes. Each Radio is configured with its own unique IP and MAC address and partner

radio address. On failure switchover the new active radio sends out a gratuitous ARP to update MAC

learning tables / ARP tables of upstream bridge/router for appropriate traffic flow.

Hot-Swappable

The two Aprisa SR+ radios are mounted on a pull-out tray to making it possible to replace a failed radio

without interrupting user traffic.



Installation

Mounting

The Aprisa SR+ Protected Station is designed to mount in a standard 19 inch rack.

Cabling

The Aprisa SR+ Protected Station is delivered pre-cabled with power, interface, management and RF

cables.

Power

A +10.5 to +30 V DC external power source must be connected to both the A and B Molex 2 pin male power

connectors located on the protected station front panel. The A power input powers the A radio and the B

power input powers the B radio.

The protection switch is powered from the A power input or the B power input (which ever is available).

The maximum combined power consumption is 35 Watts.

Alarms

The protection switch provides access to both the A radio and B radio Alarm Interfaces (see ‘Alarm

Interface Connections’ on page 219 for the connector pinout).



Data Driven Protected Station

The Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station provides radio and RS-232 serial port user interface

protection for Aprisa SR+ radios.

Option Example


APSQ-D400-SSC-HD-22-ENAA 4RF SR+, PD, 400-470 MHz, SSC, Half Duplex, 2E2S, EN, AA

The Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station shown is comprised of two standard Aprisa SR+ dual antenna

port option radios and two external duplexers mounted on 19" rack mounting shelves (as shown above).

The Aprisa SR+ radios can be any of the currently available Aprisa SR+ radio frequency bands, channel

sizes or single / dual antenna port options.

By default, the Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station is configured with the left hand radio (A)

designated as the primary radio and the right hand radio (B) designated as the secondary radio.

Each radio is configured with its own unique IP and MAC address and the address of the partner radio.

On power-up, the primary radio will assume the active role and the secondary radio will assume the

standby role. If, for some reason, only one radio is powered on it will automatically assume the active

role.

Operation

In normal operation, the active radio carries all RS-232 serial and Ethernet traffic over the radio link and

the standby radio is unused with its transmitter turned off. Both radios are continually monitored for

correct operation and alarms are raised if an event occurs.

Both the active and standby radios send regular ‘keep alive’ messages to each other to indicate if they are

operating correctly. In the event of a failure on the active radio, the RF link and user interface traffic is

automatically switched to the standby radio.

The failed radio can then be replaced in the field without interrupting user traffic.



Duplexer Kits

The Aprisa SR+ product range contains Duplexer Kit accessories for use with the Dual Antenna port Aprisa

SR+ radios.

UHF Duplexer Kits

The Aprisa SR+ UHF Duplexer Kit contains:

1x 1U 19" rack mount shelf with duplexer mounting brackets and screws

1x Duplexer

2x TNC to SMA right angle 590 mm cables

Part Number Part Number

APSB-KDUP-300-A1 4RF SR+ Acc, Kit, Duplexer, 320-400 MHz, s 5 MHz, p 0.5 MHz, ext

APSB-KDUP-400-B1 4RF SR+ Acc, Kit, Duplexer, 400-470 MHz, s 5 MHz, p 0.5 MHz, ext

APSB-KDUP-450-M0 4RF SR+ Acc, Kit, Duplexer, 450-520 MHz, s 5 MHz, p 0.5 MHz, ext

APSB-KDUP-900-G2 4RF SR+ Acc, Kit, Duplexer, 928-960 MHz, s 9 MHz, p 1 MHz, ext

APSB-KDUP-900-G4 4RF SR+ Acc, Kit, Duplexer, 928-960 MHz, s 3.6 MHz, p 0.5 MHz, ext



VHF Duplexer Kits

The Aprisa SR+ VHF Duplexer Kit contains:

1x 1U 19" rack mount shelf with duplexer mounting brackets and screws

1xVHF Procom Duplexer

1x VHF Filter, Procom BPF 2/3 HX-150, 145 to 174 MHz

1x N type male to N type male 325 mm

2x TNC to N type male right angle 590 mm cable


APSB-KDUP-VHF-R2 4RF SR+ Acc, Kit, Duplexer, 152-175 MHz, s4-6 MHz, p100 kHz, High



APSB-KDUP-VHF-R5 4RF SR+ Acc, Kit, Duplexer, 138-156 MHz, s4-6 MHz, p100 kHz, Low





USB RS-232 Serial Port

The Aprisa SR+ USB host port is predominantly used for software upgrade and diagnostic reporting.

However, it can also be used to provide an additional RS-232 DCE serial port for customer traffic.

This is accomplished with a USB to RS-232 serial converter cable. This plugs into the USB host port

connector and can be terminated with the required customer connector.

This additional RS-232 serial port is enabled with the SuperVisor mode setting in Serial Port Settings (see

‘Serial > Port Setup’ on page 109).

The Aprisa SR+ USB port has driver support for these USB serial converters. Other USB serial converters

may not operate correctly.

USB RS-232 operation

The USB serial converter buffers the received data frames into 64 byte blocks separated by a small inter-

frame gap.

For the majority of applications, this fragmentation of egress frames is not an issue. However, there are

some applications that may be sensitive to the inter-frame gap, therefore, these applications need

consideration.

A 5 ms inter-frame is recommended for the applications that are sensitive to inter-frame gap timings.

On a USB RS-232 port, Modbus RTU can operate up to 9600 bit/s with all packet sizes and up to 115200

bit/s if the packet size is less than 64 bytes. The standard RS-232 port is fully compatible with Modbus RTU

at all baud rates.



Cabling Options

The following converter cables are available as Aprisa SR+ accessories to provide the customer interface.

The kit contains a USB connector retention clip (see ‘USB Retention Clip’ below):

1. USB Converter to 1.8 metre multi-strand cable 6 wire for termination of customer connector


APSB-IFCA-USB-MS-18 4RF SR+ Acc, Cable, Interface, USB Converter, Multi-strand, 1.8m

2. USB converter to RJ45 female kit for USB to RS-232 DCE conversion.


APSB-KFCA-USB-45-MF-18 4RF SR+ Acc, Kit, Interface, USB Converter, RJ45, Female, 1.8m

3. USB converter to DB9 female kit for USB to RS-232 DCE conversion.


APSB-KFCA-USB-D9-MF-18 4RF SR+ Acc, Kit, Interface, USB Converter, DB9, Female, 1.8m

USB Retention Clip

The USB Retention Clip attaches to the underside of the Aprisa SR+ enclosure adjacent to the USB

connector.

To attach the USB Retention Clip:

1. Clean the enclosure surface where the retention clip will attach with an alcohol based cleaner e.g.

Isopropanol.

2. Peel off the retention clip protective backing.

3. Stick the clip onto the SR enclosure ensuring that it aligns to the middle of the radio USB connector.

Maintenance | 213


9. Maintenance

No User-Serviceable Components

There are no user-serviceable components within the radio.

All hardware maintenance must be completed by 4RF or an authorized service centre.

Do not attempt to carry out repairs to any boards or parts.

Return all faulty radios to 4RF or an authorized service centre.

For more information on maintenance and training, please contact 4RF Customer Services at

[email protected].

CAUTION: Electro Static Discharge (ESD) can damage or destroy the sensitive electrical components in the

radio.

mailto:[email protected]

214 | Maintenance


Radio Software Upgrade

A software upgrade can be performed on a single radio or an entire Aprisa SR+ network (network).


This process allows customers to upgrade their Aprisa SR+ network from the central base station location

without need for visiting remote sites.

The Software Pack is loaded into the base station with the file transfer process (see ‘Software > File

Transfer’ on page 175) and distributed via the radio link to all remote stations.

When all remote stations receive the Software Pack version, the software can be remotely activated on all

remote stations.

Upgrade Process

The Aprisa SR+ network upgrade operation is indicated in base station and remote stations by a flashing

orange MODE LED.

To upgrade the entire Aprisa SR+ network software:

1. Using File Transfer, load the software pack into the base station (see ‘Software > File Transfer’ on

page 175).

2. Distribute the software to the entire network of remote radios (see ‘Software > Remote Distribution’

on page 181).

Note: The distribution of software to remote stations does not stop customer traffic from being

transferred. However, due to the volume of traffic, the software distribution process may affect customer

traffic.

Software distribution traffic is classified as ‘management traffic’ but does not use the Ethernet

management priority setting. Software distribution traffic priority has a fixed priority setting of ‘very

low’.

3. Activate the software on the entire network of remote radios (see ‘Software > Remote Activation’ on

page 183).

Where the new software has been activated, remote stations will re-register with the base station.

The remote stations software version can verified with ‘Network Status > Network Table’ on page 186.

4. Activate the software on the base station radio (see ‘Software > Manager’ on page 178).

Maintenance | 215



The software upgrade procedure is different for an Aprisa SR+ Protected Station.

Note: If a radio has been configured for a Protection Type of ‘Redundant’, and that radio is no longer part

of a Protected Station, the Protection Type must be changed to ‘None’ before the radio software upgrade

can be achieved.

File Transfer Method

This process allows customers to upgrade a single Aprisa SR+ radio.

The Software Pack is loaded into the radio with the file transfer process (see ‘Software > File Transfer’ on

page 175) and activated (see ‘Software > Manager’ on page 178).

Upgrade Process

The Aprisa SR+ upgrade operation is indicated by a flashing orange MODE LED.

To upgrade the Aprisa SR+ radio software:


2. Check that the SuperVisor USB Boot Upgrade setting is set to ‘Disabled’ (see ‘Software > Setup’ on

page 174).

3. Insert the USB flash drive into the Host Port .

4. Using File Transfer, load the software pack into the radio (see ‘Software > File Transfer’ on page 175).

5. Activate the software on the radio (see ‘Software > Manager’ on page 178).

216 | Maintenance


USB Boot Upgrade Method

A single Aprisa SR+ radio can also be upgraded simply by plugging a USB flash drive containing the new

software into the USB A host port on the Aprisa SR+ front panel and power cycling the radio.

Upgrade Process

To upgrade the Aprisa SR+ radio software:


2. Check that the SuperVisor USB Boot Upgrade setting is set to ‘Load and Activate’ (see ‘Software >


3. Power off the Aprisa SR+ and insert the USB flash drive into the Host Port .

4. Power on the Aprisa SR.

5. The software upgrade process is complete when the OK LED lights solid orange. This can take about 2

minutes.

The software will have loaded in to the radio Software Pack location.

6. Remove the USB flash drive from the Host Port .

7. Power cycle the Aprisa SR.

Login to the radio being upgraded and go to SuperVisor ‘Software > Manager’ on page 178.

The version of the uploaded software will be displayed in the Software Pack ‘Version’ field.

If the upgrade process did not start, the Aprisa SR+ could already be operating on the version of software

on the USB flash drive. This will be indicated by flashing OK LED and then the OK, MODE and AUX will light

steady green.

Maintenance | 217


If the radio is not operating on the new software (after the power cycle), it could be caused by the

SuperVisor ‘USB Boot Upgrade’ setting set to ‘Load Only’ (see ‘Software > Setup’ on page 174).

In this case, go to SuperVisor see ‘Software > Manager’ on page 178 and tick the Software Pack ‘Activate’

checkbox and click ‘Appy’.

If any Display Panel LED flashes red or is steady red during the upgrade process, it indicates that the

upgrade has failed. This could be caused by incorrect files on the USB flash drive or a radio hardware

failure.

Software Downgrade

Radio software can also be downgraded if required. This may be required if a new radio is purchased for

an existing network which is operating on an earlier software release.

The downgrade process is the same as the upgrade process.

218 | Interface Connections


10. Interface Connections

RJ45 Connector Pin Assignments

RJ45 pin numbering

Ethernet Interface Connections

Pin Number Pin Function Direction TIA-568A wire colour

1 Transmit Output Green/white

2 Transmit Output Green

3 Receive Input Orange/white

4 Not used Blue

5 Not used Blue/white

6 Receive Input Orange

7 Not used Brown/white

8 Not used Brown

RJ45 connector LED indicators

LED Status Explanation

Green On Ethernet signal received

Green Flashing Indicates data traffic present on the interface

Note: Do not connect Power over Ethernet (PoE) connections to the Aprisa SR+ Ethernet ports as this will

damage the port.

Interface Connections | 219


RS-232 Serial Interface Connections

The RS-232 Serial Interface is always configured as a DCE:

RJ45 Pin Number

Pin Function Direction TIA-568A Wire Colour

1 RTS Input Green / white

2 DTR Input Green

3 TXD Input Orange / white

4 Ground Blue

5 DCD Output Blue / white

6 RXD Output Orange

7 DSR Output Brown / white

8 CTS Output Brown

Alarm Interface Connections

RJ45 Pin Number

Pin Function Direction TIA-568A Wire Colour

1 Alarm 1 Input Input Green / white

2 Ground Green

3 Alarm 2 Input Input Orange / white

4 Ground Blue

5 Alarm 1 Output Output Blue / white

6 Ground Orange

7 Alarm 2 Output Output Brown / white

8 Ground Brown

Protection Switch Remote Control Connections

1 2 3 4

Pin Number 1 2 3 4

Function A radio active Ground B radio active Ground

220 | Alarm Types and Sources


11. Alarm Types and Sources

Alarm Types

There are three types of alarm event configuration types:

1. Threshold Type

These alarm events have lower and upper limits. An alarm is raised if current reading is outside the limits.

Note: the limits for PA Current, TX AGC, TX Reverse Power and Thermal shutdown are not user

configurable.

2. Error Ratio Type

This is the ratio of bad packets vs total packets in the defined sample duration.

For Serial, it is the ratio of bad characters vs total characters in the duration seconds. An alarm is raised if

current error ratio is greater than the configured ratio. The error ratio is configured in ‘Upper Limit’ field

and accepts value between 0 and 1. Monitoring of these events can be disabled by setting the duration

parameter to 0.

3. Sample Duration Type

Used for No Receive data events type. An alarm is raised if no data is received in the defined sample

duration. Monitoring of these events can be disabled by setting the duration parameter to 0.

See ‘Events > Events Setup’ on page 162 for setup of alarm thresholds / sample durations etc.

Alarm Types and Sources | 221


Alarm Events

Transmitter Alarm Events

Event ID Event Display Text

Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

1 PA Current critical(1) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the current drawn by the transmitter power amplifier is outside defined limits.

61 PA Driver Current

critical(1) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the current drawn by the transmitter power amplifier driver is outside defined limits.

62 PA Stability warning(4) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the power amplifier is oscillating which may cause corruption of the TX signal

2 TX AGC critical(1) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the variable gain control of the transmitter is outside defined limits.

3 TX Reverse Power

warning(4) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the antenna is not connected to the radio

60 TX Forward Power

warning(4) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the transmitter power is outside the selected TX power setting.

4 Temperature Threshold

warning(4) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the transmitter temperature is outside defined limits.

5 TX Synthesizer Not Locked

critical(1) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the transmitter synthesizer is not locked.

31 Thermal Shutdown

critical(1) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the transmitter has shutdown due to excessively high temperature.

Receiver Alarm Events


Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

7 RSSI Threshold warning(4) Threshold Type Alarm to indicate that the receiver RSSI reading taken on the last packet received is outside defined limits.

8 RX Synthesizer Not Locked

critical(1) Not Configurable

Alarm to indicate that the receiver Synthesizer is not locked on the RF received signal.

9 RX CRC Errors warning(4) Error Ratio Type

Alarm to indicate that the data received on the RF path contains errors at a higher rate than the defined error rate threshold.

Radio Interface Path Alarm Events


Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

34 RF No Receive Data

warning(4) Sample Duration Type

Alarm to indicate that there is no data received on the RF path in the defined duration period.



Modem Alarm Events


Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

68 Modem FEC disable

warning(4) Not Configurable

Alarm to indicate that FEC has been disabled. This could be a permanent event or a timed event.

70 Modem ACM locked


Alarm to indicate that the ACM has been locked to a fixed coding and modulation. This could be a permanent event or a timed event.

Customer Equipment Interface Path Alarm Events


Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

10 Port 1 Eth No Receive Data


Alarm to indicate that Ethernet port 1 has no received input signal in the defined duration period.

11 Port 1 Eth Data Receive Errors

warning(4) Error Ratio Type

Alarm to indicate that Ethernet port 1 received input signal contains errors at a higher rate than the defined error rate threshold.

12 Port 1 Eth Data Transmit Errors


Alarm to indicate that Ethernet port 1 transmitted output signal contains errors at a higher rate than the defined error rate threshold.




























Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function




13 Port 1 Serial Data No Receive Data


Alarm to indicate that the RS-232 port 1 has no received input signal in the defined duration period.

14 Port 1 Serial Data Receive Errors


Alarm to indicate that the RS-232 port 1 received input signal contains errors at a higher rate than the defined error rate threshold.

52 Port 2 Serial Data No Receive Data


Alarm to indicate that the RS-232 port 2 has no received input signal in the defined duration period.

53 Port 2 Serial Data Receive Errors


Alarm to indicate that the RS-232 port 2 received input signal contains errors at a higher rate than the defined error rate threshold.

63 USB Port Serial Data No Receive Data


Alarm to indicate that the USB port has no received input signal in the defined duration period.

64 USB Port Serial Data Receive Errors


Alarm to indicate that the USB port received input signal contains errors at a higher rate than the defined error rate threshold.

Component Failure Alarm Events


Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

16 Component Failure

major(2) Not Configurable

Alarm to indicate that a hardware component has failed.

Hardware Alarm Events


Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

56 VDC Power Supply


Alarm to indicate that the input power source is outside the operating limits of 10 to 30 VDC

57 3.3 Volts Power Supply


Alarm to indicate that the 3.3 volt power rail is outside defined limits.







71 15 Volts Power Supply


Alarm to indicate that the 15 volt power rail is outside defined limits.



Software Alarm Events


Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

20 Calibration Failure


Alarm to indicate that the RF calibration has failed.

21 Configuration Not Supported


Alarm to indicate that a configuration has entered that is invalid.

32 Network Configuration Warning


Alarm to indicate a network configuration problem e.g. duplicate IP address.

39 Software Restart Required


Alarm to indicate that a configuration has changed that requires a software reboot.

Hardware Alarm Input Alarm Events


Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

24 Alarm Input 1 warning(4) Not Configurable

Alarm to indicate that there is an active alarm on hardware alarm input 1

25 Alarm Input 2 warning(4) Not Configurable

Alarm to indicate that there is an active alarm on hardware alarm input 2

Protected Station Alarm Events


Default Severity

Configuration Type

Function

17 Protection Sw Manual Lock


Alarm to indicate that the Protection Switch Software Manual Lock has been activated.

18 Protection Hw Manual Lock


Alarm to indicate that the Protection Switch Hardware Manual Lock has been activated.

23 Protection Peer Comms Lost


Alarm to indicate that the standby radio has lost communication with the active radio.

54 Protection Hardware Failure


Alarm to indicate that there is a failure in the protection switch hardware.



Informational Events


Default Severity

Function

26 User authentication succeeded

information(5) Event to indicate that a user is successfully authenticated on the radio during login. The information on the user that was successfully authenticated is provided in the eventHistoryInfo object of the Event History Log.

27 User authentication failed

information(5) Event to indicate that a user has failed to be authenticated on the radio during login. The information on the user that was unsuccessfully authenticated is provided in the eventHistoryInfo object of the Event History Log.

28 Protection switch failed

information(5) Event to indicate that a protection switch over cannot occur for some reason. The reason for the failure to switch is described in the eventHistoryInfo object of the Event History Log.

29 Software System Check

information(5) Event to indicate that the software has done a system check on the radio. Any information relevant to the cause of the event is provided in the eventHistoryInfo object of the Event History Log.

30 Software Start Up

information(5) Event to indicate that the radio software has started. Any information relevant to the software start up is provided in the eventHistoryInfo object of the Event History Log.

33 Protection Switch Occurred

information(5) Event to indicate that a protection switch over occurs for some reason. The reason for the switch over is described in the eventHistoryInfo object of the Event History Log.

41 File Transfer Activity

information(5) Event to indicate that a data file is being transferred to or from the radio.

42 Software Management Activity

information(5) Event to indicate that software is being distributed to remote radios.

43 Terminal Server TCP Activity

information(5) Event to indicate TCP packets are being transferred from the terminal server.

55 Terminal Unit Information

information(5) Event to indicate a miscellaneous activity occurring on the radio

65 Event Action Activity

information(5) Event to indicate an event action occurring on the radio

226 | Specifications


12. Specifications

RF Specifications

Blocking (desensitization), intermodulation, spurious response rejection, and adjacent channel selectivity

values determined according to the methods introduced in V1.7.1 of ETSI standards EN 300 113-1.

Frequency Bands

ETSI Compliant

Broadcast Band Frequency Band Frequency Tuning Range

Synthesizer Step Size

UHF 320 MHz 320-400 MHz 6.250 kHz

ETSI / FCC / IC Compliant



VHF 135 MHz (1) 135-175 MHz 2.5 kHz

UHF 400 MHz 400-470 MHz 6.250 kHz

ETSI / FCC Compliant



UHF 450 MHz (1) 450-520 MHz 6.250 kHz

FCC / IC Compliant



UHF 220 MHz (1) 215-240 MHz 2.5 kHz

UHF 220 MHz (1) 215-240 MHz 3.125 kHz

UHF 896 MHz (1) 896-902 MHz 6.250 kHz

UHF 928 MHz (1) 928-960 MHz 6.250 kHz

Note 1: Please consult 4RF for availability.

Specifications | 227


Channel Sizes

ETSI Compliant

135 / 320 / 400 / 450 MHz Bands

No Forward Error Correction

Channel Size Gross Radio Capacity

64 QAM 16 QAM QPSK 4-CPFSK

12.5 kHz 60.0 kbit/s 40.0 kbit/s 20.0 kbit/s 9.6 kbit/s

25 kHz 120.0 kbit/s 80.0 kbit/s 40.0 kbit/s 19.2 kbit/s

Minimum Coded Forward Error Correction

Channel Size Gross Radio Capacity less FEC




Maximum Coded Forward Error Correction







FCC / IC Compliant

135 / 400 / 450 MHz Bands


















220 / 896 / 928 MHz Bands





















Receiver

ETSI / FCC / IC Compliant Receiver Sensitivity

12.5 kHz 25 kHz 50 kHz

FCC / IC only

BER < 10-2 64 QAM Max coded FEC -106 dBm -102 dBm -99 dBm

BER < 10-2 64 QAM Min coded FEC -105 dBm -101 dBm -98 dBm

BER < 10-2 64 QAM No FEC -103 dBm -99 dBm -96 dBm




BER < 10-2 QPSK Max coded FEC -118 dBm -115 dBm -112 dBm

BER < 10-2 QPSK Min coded FEC -117 dBm -114 dBm -111 dBm

BER < 10-2 QPSK No FEC -115 dBm -112 dBm -109 dBm

BER < 10-2 4-CPFSK Max coded FEC NA NA NA

BER < 10-2 4-CPFSK Min coded FEC -117 dBm -114 dBm -111 dBm

BER < 10-2 4-CPFSK No FEC -115 dBm -112 dBm -109 dBm







BER < 10-6 QPSK Max coded FEC -115 dBm -112 dBm -109 dBm

BER < 10-6 QPSK Min coded FEC -113 dBm -110 dBm -107 dBm

BER < 10-6 QPSK No FEC -108 dBm -105 dBm -102 dBm

BER < 10-6 4-CPFSK Max coded FEC NA NA NA

BER < 10-6 4-CPFSK Min coded FEC -113 dBm -110 dBm -107 dBm

BER < 10-6 4-CPFSK No FEC -108 dBm -105 dBm -102 dBm



ETSI / FCC / IC Compliant Adjacent Channel Selectivity


FCC / IC only

Adjacent channel selectivity > -47 dBm > -37 dBm > -37 dBm

BER < 10-2 64 QAM > 43 dB > 53 dB > 53 dB

BER < 10-2 16 QAM > 43 dB > 53 dB > 53 dB

BER < 10-2 QPFK > 48 dB > 58 dB > 58 dB

BER < 10-2 4-CPFSK > 55 dB > 65 dB > 65 dB

ETSI / FCC / IC Compliant Co-Channel Rejection


FCC / IC only

BER < 10-2 64 QAM > –23 dB > –23 dB > –23 dB

BER < 10-2 16 QAM > –19 dB > –19 dB > –19 dB

BER < 10-2 QPFK > –12 dB > –12 dB > –12 dB

BER < 10-2 4-CPFSK > –17 dB > –17 dB > –17 dB

ETSI / FCC / IC Compliant Intermodulation Response Rejection


FCC / IC only

Intermodulation response rejection > -35 dBm > -35 dBm > -35 dBm

BER < 10-2 64 QAM > 55 dB > 55 dB > 55 dB

BER < 10-2 16 QAM > 55 dB > 55 dB > 55 dB

BER < 10-2 QPFK > 60 dB > 60 dB > 60 dB

BER < 10-2 4-CPFSK > 65 dB > 65 dB > 65 dB

ETSI / FCC / IC Compliant Blocking or Desensitization


FCC / IC only

Blocking or desensitization > -17 dBm > -17 dBm > -17 dBm

BER < 10-2 64 QAM > 73 dB > 73 dB > 73 dB

BER < 10-2 16 QAM > 73 dB > 73 dB > 73 dB

BER < 10-2 QPFK > 78 dB > 78 dB > 78 dB

BER < 10-2 4-CPFSK > 85 dB > 85 dB > 85 dB



ETSI / FCC / IC Compliant Spurious Response Rejection


FCC / IC only

Spurious response rejection > -32 dBm > -32 dBm > -32 dBm

BER < 10-2 64 QAM > 58 dB > 58 dB > 58 dB

BER < 10-2 16 QAM > 58 dB > 58 dB > 58 dB

BER < 10-2 QPFK > 63 dB > 63 dB > 63 dB

BER < 10-2 4-CPFSK > 70 dB > 70 dB > 70 dB

ETSI / FCC / IC Compliant Receiver Spurious Radiation


FCC / IC only

Receiver spurious radiation > -57 dBm > -57 dBm > -57 dBm



Transmitter

Average Power output 64 QAM 0.01 to 1.25 W (+10 to +34 dBm, in 1 dB steps)

Note: The Peak Envelope Power (PEP) at maximum set power level is +41 dBm.

16 QAM 0.01 to 2.5 W (+10 to +35 dBm, in 1 dB steps)

QPSK 0.01 to 5.0 W (+10 to +37 dBm, in 1 dB steps)

4-CPFSK (Note 1) 0.01 to 10.0 W (+10 to +40 dBm, in 1 dB steps)

Note 1: Please consult 4RF for availability

Note: The Aprisa SR+ transmitter contains power amplifier protection which allows the antenna to be

disconnected from the antenna port without product damage.

Adjacent channel power < - 60 dBc

Transient adjacent channel power < - 60 dBc

Spurious emissions < - 37 dBm

Attack time < 1.5 ms

Release time < 0.5 ms

Data turnaround time < 2 ms

Frequency stability ± 1.0 ppm

± 0.1 ppm

The 220 / 896 / 928 MHz products have a frequency stability option of ± 0.1 ppm.

Frequency aging < 1 ppm / annum



Modem

Forward Error Correction Variable length concatenated Reed Solomon plus convolutional code

Adaptive Burst Support Adaptive FEC

Adaptive Coding Modulation

Data Payload Security

Data payload security CCM* Counter with CBC-MAC

Data encryption Counter Mode Encryption (CTR) using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128, 192 or 256

Data authentication Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Code (CBC-MAC) using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128, 192 or 256



Interface Specifications

Ethernet Interface

The Aprisa SR+ radio features an integrated 10Base-T/100Base-TX layer-2 Ethernet switch.

To simplify network setup, each port supports auto-negotiation and auto-sensing MDI/MDIX. Operators can

select from the following preset modes:

Auto negotiate

10Base-T half or full duplex

100Base-TX half or full duplex

The Ethernet ports are IEEE 802.3-compatible. The L2 Bridge (Switch) is IEEE 802.1d/q/p compatible, and

supports VLANs and VLAN manipulation of add/remove VLANs.

General Interface RJ45 x 2 (Integrated 2-port switch)

Cabling CAT-5/6 UTP, supports auto MDIX (Standard Ethernet)

Maximum line length 100 metres on cat-5 or better

Bandwidth allocation The Ethernet capacity maximum is determined by the available radio link capacity.

Maximum transmission unit Option setting of 1522 or 1536 octets

Address table size 1024 MAC addresses

Ethernet mode 10Base-T or 100Base-TX Full duplex or half duplex (Auto-negotiating and auto-sensing)

Diagnostics Left Green LED Off: no Ethernet signal received On: Ethernet signal received

Right Green LED Off: Indicates no data traffic present on the interface Flashing: Indicates data traffic present on the interface

Note: Do not connect Power over Ethernet (PoE) connections to the Aprisa SR+ Ethernet ports as this will

damage the port.



RS-232 Asynchronous Interface

The Aprisa SR+ radio’s ITU-T V.24 compliant RS-232 interface is configured as a Cisco® pinout DCE. The

interface terminates to a DTE using a straight-through cable or to a DCE with a crossover cable (null

modem).

The interface uses two handshaking control lines between the DTE and the DCE.

General Interface ITU-T V.24 / EIA/TIA RS-232E

Interface direction DCE only

Maximum line length 10 metres (dependent on baud rate)

Async parameters

Standard mode data bits 7 or 8 bits

Standard mode parity Configurable for None, Even or Odd

Standard mode stop bits 1 or 2 bits

Interface baud rates 300, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 and 115200 bit/s

Control signals DCE to DTE CTS, RTS, DSR, DTR



Hardware Alarms Interface

The hardware alarms interface supports two alarm inputs and two alarms outputs.

Alarm Inputs

The alarm connector provides two hardware alarm inputs for alarm transmission to the other radios in the

network.

Interface RJ45 connector

Detector type Non-isolated ground referenced voltage detector

Detection voltage - on > +10 VDC

Detection voltage - off < +4 VDC

Maximum applied input voltage 30 VDC

Maximum input current limit 10 mA

Alarm Outputs

The alarm connector provides two hardware alarm outputs for alarm reception from other radios in the

network.

Interface RJ45 connector

Output type Non-isolated ground referenced open collector output

Maximum applied voltage 30 VDC

Maximum drive current 100 mA

Overload protection Thermally resettable fuse

Protect Interface

The Protect interface is used to connect the radios to the protection switch within a Protected Station. It

is not a customer interface.

Protection Switch Specifications

RF Insertion Loss < 0.5 dB

Remote Control inputs Logic 4700 ohms pullup to +3.3 VDC



Power Specifications

Power Supply

Aprisa SR+ Radio

Nominal voltage +13.8 VDC (negative earth)

Absolute input voltage range +10 to +30 VDC

Maximum power input 35 W

Connector Molex 2 pin male screw fitting 39526-4002

Aprisa SR+ Protected Station




Connector 2x Molex 2 pin male screw fitting 39526-4002

Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station




Connector 2x Molex 2 pin male screw fitting 39526-4002



Power Consumption

Note: The radio power consumption is very dependent on transmitter power, the type of traffic and

network activity.

Aprisa SR+ Radio

Mode Power Consumption

(10 W radio with 4-CPFSK modulation)

Transmit / Receive < 35 W for 10 W transmit power

< 25.0 W for 1 W transmit power

Receive only < 7 W

Aprisa SR+ Protected Station and Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station

Mode Power Consumption

(10 W radios with 4-CPFSK modulation)

Transmit / Receive < 42 W for 10 W transmit power

< 32.0 W for 1 W transmit power

Receive only < 15 W

Power Dissipation

Aprisa SR+ Radio

Transmit Power Power Dissipation

(10 W radio with 4-CPFSK modulation)

10 W transmit power < 25 W


Aprisa SR+ Protected Station and Aprisa SR+ Data Driven Protected Station

Transmit Power Power Dissipation

(10 W radios with 4-CPFSK modulation)





General Specifications

Environmental

Operating temperature range -40 to +70˚ C (-40 to +158˚ F)

Storage temperature range -40 to +80˚ C (-40 to +176˚ F)

Operating humidity Maximum 95% non-condensing

Acoustic noise emission No audible noise emission

Mechanical

Aprisa SR+ Radio

Dimensions Width 210 mm (8.27”)

Depth 130 mm (5.12”) and 146 mm (5.748”) with TNC connectors

Height 41.5 mm (1.63”)

Weight 1.25 kg (2.81 lbs)

Colour Matt black

Mounting Wall (2 x M5 screws) Rack shelf (2 x M4 screws) DIN rail bracket

Aprisa SR+ Protected Station

Dimensions Width 432.6 mm (17”)

Depth 372 mm (14.6”) and 388 mm (15.276”) with TNC connectors

Height 2U plus external duplexer (if used)

Weight 12 kg (27 lbs) (includes the 2 radios)

Colour Matt black

Mounting Rack mount (2 x M6 screws)



Compliance

ETSI

Radio EN 300 113-2

EMI / EMC EN 301 489 Parts 1 & 5

Safety EN 60950-1:2006


Environmental ETS 300 019 Class 3.4


FCC

Radio 47CFR part 24, part 90 and part 101 Private Land Mobile Radio Services

EMC 47CFR part 15 Radio Frequency Devices, EN 301 489 Parts 1 & 4

Safety EN 60950-1:2006




IC

Radio RSS-119 / RSS-134

EMC This Class A digital apparatus complies with Canadian standard ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe A est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

Safety EN 60950-1:2006




242 | Product End Of Life


13. Product End Of Life

End-of-Life Recycling Programme (WEEE)

The WEEE Directive concerns the recovery, reuse, and recycling of electronic and electrical equipment.

Under the Directive, used equipment must be marked, collected separately, and disposed of properly.

4RF has implemented an end-of-life recycling programme to manage the reuse, recycling, and recovery of

waste in an environmentally safe manner using processes that comply with the WEEE Directive (EU Waste

Electrical and Electronic Equipment 2002/96/EC).

The WEEE Symbol Explained

This symbol appears on Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE) as part of the WEEE (Waste EEE)

directive. It means that the EEE may contain hazardous substances and must not be thrown away with

municipal or other waste.

WEEE Must Be Collected Separately

You must not dispose of electrical and electronic waste with municipal and other waste. You must

separate it from other waste and recycling so that it can be easily collected by the proper regional WEEE

collection system in your area.

YOUR ROLE in the Recovery of WEEE

By separately collecting and properly disposing of WEEE, you are helping to reduce the amount of WEEE

that enters the waste stream.

One of the aims of the WEEE directive is to divert EEE away from landfill and encourage recycling.

Recycling EEE means that valuable resources such as metals and other materials (which require energy to

source and manufacture) are not wasted. Also, the pollution associated with accessing new materials and

manufacturing new products is reduced.

EEE Waste Impacts the Environment and Health

Electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) contains hazardous substances which have potential effects on

the environment and human health. If you want environmental information on the Aprisa SR+ radio,

contact us (on page 15).

Abbreviations | 243


14. Abbreviations

AES Advanced Encryption Standard

AGC Automatic Gain Control

BER Bit Error Rate

CBC Cipher Block Chaining

CCM Counter with CBC-MAC integrity

DCE Data Communications Equipment

DTE Data Radio Equipment

EMC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

EMI Electro-Magnetic Interference

ESD Electro-Static Discharge

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards

Institute

FW Firmware

HW Hardware

IF Intermediate Frequency

IP Internet Protocol

I/O Input/Output

ISP Internet Service Provider

kbit/s Kilobits per second

kHz Kilohertz

LAN Local Area Network

LED Light Emitting Diode

mA Milliamps

MAC Media Access Control

MAC Message Authentication Code

Mbit/s Megabits per second

MHz Megahertz

MIB Management Information Base

MTBF Mean Time Between Failures

MTTR Mean Time To Repair

ms milliseconds

NMS Network Management System

PC Personal Computer

PCA Printed Circuit Assembly

PLL Phase Locked Loop

ppm Parts Per Million

PMR Public Mobile Radio

RF Radio Frequency

RoHS Restriction of Hazardous Substances

RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication

RX Receiver

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SNR Signal to Noise Ratio

SWR Standing Wave Ratio

TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet

Protocol

TCXO Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol

TMR Trunk Mobile Radio

TX Transmitter

UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair

VAC Volts AC

VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator

VDC Volts DC

WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

244 | Index


15. Index

A

access rights 136

accessory kit 16

antennas

aligning 199

installing 56

selection and siting 46

siting 48

attenuators 45

B

bench setup 45

C

cabling

accessory kit 16

coaxial feeder 45, 49

CD contents 16

E

earthing 45, 49, 51

environmental requirements 50

F

feeder cables 49

front panel

connections 36

H

hardware

accessory kit 16

installing 56

humidity 50

I

in-service commissioning 198

interface connections 218

Ethernet 218

RS-232 Serial 219

J

Java

requirement for 16

L

lightning protection 51

linking system plan 49

logging in

SuperVisor 67

logging out

SuperVisor 68

M

maintenance summary 145

mounting kit 16

O

operating temperature 50

P

passwords

changing 137

path planning 46

path propagation calculator 46

pinouts

Ethernet 218

RS-232 Serial 219

power supply 50

R

radio

earthing 45, 51

logging into 67

logging out 68

operating temperature 50

rebooting 150

storage temperature 50

rebooting the radio 150

RS-232

serial data 109

RS-232 Serial interface 108, 109, 114

interface connections for 219

Index | 245


port settings for 109

S

security

settings131, 138, 140, 142, 160, 164, 166, 168,

170

summary 130

security users

user privileges 136

SuperVisor

logging into 67

logging out 68

PC settings for 63

T

temperature 50

tools 52

U

users

adding 136

changing passwords 137

deleting 137

user details 136

user privilege 137

W

WEEE 242

aprisa sr+ user manual 1.1.3 english

Documents

electrical equipment

rf limited

equipment authorizations

aprisa sr radio equipment

trademarks aprisa

rf logo

weee compliance

rohs directive