approaches & strategies for building peace & justice
TRANSCRIPT
Approaches&StrategiesforBuildingPeace&
JusticeStudiesProgramsAfricaInstituteonPeaceandJusticeStudiesProgramDevelopment withintheCatholic
SocialTradition
Entebbe,Uganda,November7-9,2017
GeorgeA.Lopez,KrocInstituteUniversityofNotreDame
Ourgoalsinthispresentation
• AssistindefiningthesubstanceandmethodsofpeaceandjusticestudieswhenitisinformedbyCST.
• Showhowandwherecurriculumdevelopment[education]andresearchmightoccurwiththiscombinationofCST&thepeacestudiesfield.
• Layoutaframeworkforyourdiscussionsandplanninghappeningfrom5pmtoday.
Ibeginwith3corequestions:
• Whatistheviolencethatpeaceandjusticeeducationismeanttoaddressinyourcountry/situation?
• Whoarethestudentsthatwehopetoeducateaboutpeaceandjusticesotheycanprevent…. resolve&transform…. beresilientinthefaceofviolence?
• Giventhattherehasbeenanacademicfieldofpeaceresearch&peaceeducationexistingsincethelate1940s,whatvalueaddeddoesCatholicSocialThinkingbringtopeacestudies?
Whatistheviolence…..?
•Oursubjectofresearch,teachingandsocialconcernisthe[our]violence-afflictedsociety– initsmanydimensions.
•Westudyandactonconflictsothatitdoesnotturntoviolence[prevention]ANDweaimtoresolveandtransformviolent conflict.Wetrain/educatefortheseskills/goals.
• Thus-- peaceandjusticestudiesprogramsdevelopdifferentlyindifferentlocalesbecausetheymust!!!
Whoarethepeacestudiesstudents?
• Inthenextdecadeofpeaceandjusticestudieswewilleducatethreeinterdependentgroupsof“students”whowanttobepeacebuilders:
• BA+MA+PhD inpeacebuilding– peacebuildingexperts• Allotherprofessionals– blendedexperts• Allotherstudents– localcapacityexperts
• Forallofthem:‘thetrainingofconsciencesforthecommongood’
CatholicSocialThinkingbringstopeaceandjusticestudies
• Faith-filledreasonforresearchandactingforjusticein• substance[humandignity,thecommongood,reconciliation,solidarity,preferentialoptionforthepoor,etc.]with
•methods [criticalself-reflection,mission-visiondrivenanalysis,structuralanalysis,etc.]
WhatisPeaceStudies?
aninter-disciplinaryfield,historically[butnotexclusively]basedinthesocial
sciencesthatblendspeaceresearch+peaceeducation
+peaceaction+
doessobecausevalues,ethicsandnormsmatter
•Peacestudiesmusthavebothasubstantive[thinking]componentandanmethod[action]dimensionifthereistobeseriouspeacestudieseducation.
•Weclaimthatpeacestudieseducatespeopletothinktheirwayintoactionandhaveactionsettheagendaforwhatnewthinkingisneeded
Peacestudies asamulti-disciplinaryfield,focusingonthreeareasofthinking/action
• thecausesandconditionswhichgenerateandsustainviolentconflict
• themechanismsandmodelsfordealingwithviolentconflict
• thenorms,practicesandinstitutions[ethics,ideasandmethods]forbuildingsustainablepeace,especiallywhencomingoutofviolence.
nWithin these three major across three different levels of social analysis :
nof individuals and small groups,
nof sub-national groups and nations,
nof the very large international system.
Concept areas/levels
Violence:Causesandconsequences
Dealingwithviolence
Methods,normsandideasforbuildingpeace
Lowerlevelinteraction
Subnational tonationalinteraction
International action
Conceptareas/levels– themeswithinViolence:Causesandconsequences
Dealingwithviolence
Methods,normsandideasforbuildingpeace
Lowerlevelinteraction
Aggression,AbuseBigotry/HatredsSocializationGenderIssues
CommunicationNegotiationMediationEducation
Non-violentlife-styleEthicalperspec-tives/Justice
Subnational tonationalinteraction
RepressionTerrorismEconomicin-equality
NegotiationMediationConflictTransformation
SocialMove-ments;Buildingnewinstitutions
Internationalaction
XenophobiaCrime/Corruption
GlobalCrisismanagement
Globallawandorganizations
Concept areas/levels – disciplines within
Violence:Causesandconsequences
Dealingwithviolence
Methods,normsandideasforbuildingpeace
Lowerlevelinteraction
PsychologyGenderstudiesChild developmentNeuro-science
CommunicationEducationReligiousStudies
Theatre, Music,ArtHumanitiesPhilosophyTheology
Subnational tonationalinteraction
SociologyReligiousStudiesAnthropologyEconomics
Social-PsychologyLaw&MedicineSociologyGenderStudies
NonviolencestudiesSocialethicsTheology
International action InternationalRelations
International Law&Organizations
International Law&Ethics
Strategy:ParticipatoryActionResearch(PAR)
• Participatory:researcherinteractsdirectlyin/withlocalsociety;
• Action:testingwithandagainstexperience[alotlikeMEERbutheavieronELICITING]
• Research:bringingexistingandlocalknowledgetogether
• Roots:USCivilRightsmovements,othernon-violentcampaigns.PauloFreire, OrlandoFals Borda – PARconferenceinCartagena- 1977
BeyondthetraditionalGridapproach:Trythedynamicsofpeacebuiding [PB]
• Thinkslong-term&strategically- dosowithyourprogramplanning
• RecognizesthatPBinviolence-afflictedsocietiesdemandsamixofinsidersandoutsidersforrecovery,prevention,etc.
• Elicits frominsiderstheirexperience,hopes,traumas,waysforward
• Movesfromconflictresolutiontoconflicttransformation
• MEER:Monitors,Elicits,Evaluates,Reboots
Peacebuildingtasksinconflictafflictedsocietiescomingoutofviolence&war
• Intercommunal&interfaithdialogues– endingenemy-making• Economicrebuilding&opportunitycreation
• Accountabilityforviolence&crimes– restitution&restorativejustice• RuleofLawPromotion• HumanRightsImplementation
• Managingpost-conflicttrauma• Increasededucationalopportunity
• Communityconflicthandling,policing&transformation
Thesetranslatetotheneedfor
• Religiouspeacebuilders– clerics,theologiansandpeople• Educatorstorebuildschoolsystemsandcurriculum
• Healthcareprofessionalsofalltypes• RuleofLawprofessionals– lawyers,judges• Communitypolicingandpoliceaspeaceofficers• Economicplanners,investors,entrepreneurs
• Socialworkersandchildpsychologiststoassistwithtraumarecovery• Artspeople:music,theatre,
andothercreativearts
Requiresnewteaching,courses&programs• Experts:seriousandverysolidmixofpastresearchfindings+peacebuildingskillstraininginactionarena+CST
• Blended:disciplinaryandprofessionalcourseswithpeaceandjusticeeducationcomponents+someskillstraining+CST
• LocalCapacity:newuniversityengagementwiththeircommunitiesforpeaceandjustice,somepeaceeducationcomponents+CST
• Forallofthem:‘thetrainingofconsciencesforthecommongood’
Strategies forsuccess
• Facultyandcourseinventory• Inventorycommunityneeds&programs•Meetandtalkwithfaculty&students• Linkdirectlypeace&justicecontentwithCST•Createandexperiment- andMEER!•Communicate– outreach&in-reach•Buildastudentrecruitmentstrategy
Concept areas/levels
Violence:Causesandconsequences
Dealingwithviolence
Methods andideasforbuildingpeace
Lowerlevelinteraction
Subnational tonationalinteraction
International action
Yourtasksasateam:planwhattodonext!?
• FillintheGRID--- findwhatisyourinterest,areasofexpertiseanddepth,whataddressestheviolenceofgreatestconcern- whatwilldefineyourprogram?
• AND/OR
• SetoutyourscheduleandplanforStrategiesforsuccess--whatarethetaskstodofirst?Why?Who/howdoesthis‘getdone’?