Applications of salts

Done by:Sneha jain

Akshyaa roshiniDeepthi

HaripriyaShanmuga priya

Definition

• In chemistry, salts are ionic compounds that result from the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base. They are composed of related numbers of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions) so that the product is electrically neutral (without a net charge).

List of Salts• Potassium sulphate• Sodium sulphate• Calcium sulphate• Magnesium sulphate• Copper sulphate• Sodium chloride• Sodium nitrate• Sodium carbonate• Ammonium chloride• Potassium nitrate• Aluminium chloride• Zinc sulphate• Sodium acetate• Sodium hydrogencarbonate

Properties

Special properties:• Crystalline solid• Hard, brittle solid (due to strong ionic bonding

throughout the crystal)• High boiling and melting points (it takes a lot of

energy to break those bonds)• Dissolve in water into free moving ions and able

to conduct electricity. Something that can conduct electricity in solution is called an electrolyte.

• Molten salts also conduct electricity, but solid salts DO NOT (ions must be free to conduct electricity)

Common salt• Chemical formula: Nacl• Chemical name : Sodium Chloride.

Application:Chlor-alkali process: Chlor for chlorine

and Alkali for sodium hydroxide.

•H2 Gas is evolved

•Fuel •Mar

garine

•ammonia

At cathode

•Cl2 Gas is evolved

•Water treatment

•PVC•CFC’s•Disinfect

ants•pesticide

s

At anode

•NaOH is formed

•Degreasing metal

•Soap •Paper

making

•Artificial fibers

Near cathode

Application:• pulp and paper industry• Processing aluminium, beryllium, copper, steel

and vanadium.• Food industry.• medicine• Water softening • Soda ash industry • Optical instrument • Cleanser• Firefighting

Uses for Salt.mp4

Bleaching Power

Chemical Name: Calcium oxychlorideChemical Formula: CaOCl2

Process: • Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride(Brine);• Chloride on dry slake lime [Ca(OH)2] gives

bleaching power [CaOCl2]

Reaction:Ca(OH)2+Cl2→CaOCl2+H2O

Bleaching Powder.mp4

Application:• Bleaching cotton and linen in textile industry.• Bleaching wood pulp in paper industry• Oxidising agent in chemical industry.• Disinfecting drinking water.

Baking Soda

• Chemical Name: Sodium bicarbonate (Or) Sodium hydrogen carbonate

• Chemical Formula: NaHCO3. • Reaction: Nacl+H2O+CO2+NH3→NH4Cl+NaHCO3

Application:• Baking Powder:

NaHCO3+H+→CO2+H2O+sodium salt of acid

Carbon dioxide produced during this reaction causes bread or cake to rise making them soft and spongy.

• Ingredient in antacids, being alkaline. It neutralises excess acid in the stomach

• Soda acid fire extinguisher• Pest Control• Paint and Corrosion Removal• pH Balancer• As a bio pesticide• Cattle feed supplements

Baking Soda.mp4

Washing Soda

• Chemical Name: Sodium carbonate• Chemical Formula:Na2CO3

• Reaction:2NaHCO3→Na2CO3+H2O+CO2

Na2CO3+10H2O→Na2CO3.10H2O

Application:• It is used in making glass, soap and paper.• It is used to manufacture Borax.• Cleaning agent – Domestic purpose.• Used to remove permanent hardness of water.• Sodium carbonate test.• neutralize the corrosive effects of chlorine.• Salt based Electrolytes.

Crystals of salt

• Water of crystallization is the fixed number of water molecules present in one formula unit of a salt.

• Example: CuSo4.5H2O Na2CO3.10H2O

CaSO4.2H2O

copper(II) sulfate

• A sample of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. It's a blue coarse crystalline substance and is sitting on a laboratory balance as shown below. The chemical formula for copper(II) sulfate is CuSO4. · 5H2O.

Plaster of Paris

• Chemical Name: Calcium sulfate (Gypsum)• Chemical Formula: CaSO4·2H2O • Reaction: CaSO4·2H2O → CaSO4·0.5H2O + 1.5H2O

Applications:• Supporting fractured bones in the right

position.• Making toys and materials for decoration• Making smooth surfaces

plaster of paris.mp4