Applications of Diffraction and Interference of Light

By:Karen Cooper

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

Past• Gave scientists the ability to explore

and manipulate solid surfaces on the size scale of atoms.• Helped discover fullerenes-

spherical carbon molecules.

Quantum Corrals . N.d. IBM Almaden Research Cente. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.almaden.ibm.com/vis/stm/>.

Present• Detects the flow of electrons• industrial and fundamental

research to obtain atomic-scale images of metal surfaces

Slippery. 2005. Scanning Tunneling Microscope. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.umsl.edu/ ~fraundorfp/stm97x.html>.

Future

• To allow people to bring a "specimen" to a scanned probe microscope lab, put on a head-set designed for virtual reality, and stand among friends on a landscape of molecules resting on the specimen's surface. Every few seconds, the surface will ripple a bit, as the scanning probe tip passes by.

Holograms

•Holography involves two basic steps: (1) creating a hologram and (2) illuminating the hologram to display the image.

Holographic Violin. 14 Mar. 2011. Hologram Holography Technology. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.hologramresources.com/history>.

Past• originally a sci-fi concept back

when Star Wars previewed such technology• electron microscopy

Holographic Leia. N.d. IT-Networks. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.it-networks.org/ 2010/11/05/holographic-communication-flickers-into-life-in-arizona/>.

Present• Used in credit cards to prevent

counterfeiting• Appear in advertising displays,

artwork, product packaging, and jewelry• Used to detect flaws in tires, lenses,

airplane wings, and other products• Used in lasers and electron microscopy

Kevin. Doctor-on-a-Chip. 5 Jan. 2009. Bench Press. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://blog.benchside.com/2009/01/>.

Future• 3D motion hologram for TVs• 3D holographic projectors for

phones• Holographic 3D movies• holographic gaming

Obi-Wan watching Hologram. N.d. PARMAN'S PAGE: Space News Update. N.p., 1 Jan. 2005. Web. 16 Mar. 2011.<http://parman.blogspot.com/2005_01_01 _archive.html>.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEI4UPPBsSo&feature=player_embedded

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rnkoLrZQIHU&feature=player_embedded

Spectroscopy

• Began work with Sir Isaac Newton(late 1600’s)

Past

• Used to determine what chemical elements are in a star• Used to study radio waves

Present

• Reveal the speed and direction of stars• Used to learn more about a

material’s composition or structure• Used to obtain images of tissues

inside a body

Future

• detection in clinical chemistry• metabolic studies and continuous

monitoring• detection of lower concentrations of

biological compounds

Astronomy

• Astronomers observe the sky with telescopes of different kinds that gather not only visible light but also invisible forms of energy, such as radio waves.

Past

• Used in telescopes to detect visible light and other forms of radiation emitted from celestial objects• Used to tell how dense an object

(such as the Moon) is

Present• Radio astronomy• Telescopes- produces “pictures”

of astronomical objects• Used to reveal the speed and

direction of a star

Future• Improve radio astronomy• Improve modern astronomical

observation• Predict the future structure of

the universe

Works Cited• Zitzewitz, Paul W. Physics Principles and Problems. 2002 ed. New York: Glencoe,

2002. Print.• ETC. "Scanning Tunneling Microscopes (STM) - History, Overview of Analysis

Methods and Future Developments." The A to Z of Nanotechnology. N.p., 24 Aug. 2005. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.azonano.com/Details.asp ?ArticleID=1373>.

• Bellis, Mary. "Scanning Tunneling Microscope - STM ." About.com Inventors. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/ blstm.htm>.

• Oakes, Elizabeth H. "Binnig, Gerd." Science Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?

ItemID=WE40&SID=5&iPin= EWSR0076&SingleRecord=True>.• Oakes, Elizabeth H. "Rohrer, Heinrich." Science Online. Facts On File, Inc. Web. 16

Mar. 2011. <http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE40&SID= 5&iPin=EWSR0760&SingleRecord=True>.

• Fraundorf, Phil. Scanning Tunneling Microscope. McGraw-Hill, 16 Apr. 2005. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.umsl.edu/~fraundorfp/stm97x.html>.

• Feinberg, Jack. "Holography." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 16 Mar. 2011.

• Julia. "3D Holograms Soon To Come." TechDIN. N.p., 5 Nov. 2010. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://techd.in/developers/3d-holograms-soon-to-come/>.

• "History." Hologram Holography Technology. N.p., 14 Mar. 2011. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.hologramresources.com/history>.

• "Laser technology." Hologram Holography Technology. N.p., 14 Mar. 2011. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://sites.google.com/site/hologramresource/>.

• Santos-Tura, Rem. "3D holographic projectors for phones from Nokia and Intel." 3DGuy.TV. N.p., 1 Sept. 2010. Web. 16 Mar. 2011.

<http://3dguy.tv/tag/3d- holographic-projectors/>. • Konker07. IPHONE Hologram . Youtube.com. N.p., 29 June 2008. Web. 16 Mar.

2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEI4UPPBsSo&feature=player_ embedded>.

• Gesteffa. Holographic Google Earth . Youtube.com. N.p., 2 July 2005. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rnkoLrZQIHU&feature=player_ embedded>.

• Levillain, P. "Trends in Spectroscopic Methods for Clinical Chemistry." Pure & Appl. Chem., 63.8: 1081-1082, Rpt. in Pure & Appl. Chem. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Trends in spectroscopic methods for clinical chemistry. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/pdf/1991/ pdf/6308x1081.pdf>.

• "Electromagnetic Radiation (Light)." Cliff Notes. Wiley Publishing, Inc., 2011. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/

Electromagnetic- Radiation-Light-.topicArticleId-23583,articleId-23482.html>. • Pasachoff, Jay M. "Astronomy." World Book Advanced. World Book, 2011. Web. 16

Mar. 2011.• Quantum Corrals . N.d. IBM Almaden Research Cente. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011.

<http://www.almaden.ibm.com/vis/stm/>. • Holographic Violin. 14 Mar. 2011. Hologram Holography Technology. N.p., n.d.

Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.hologramresources.com/history>. • Slippery. 2005. Scanning Tunneling Microscope. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011.

<http://www.umsl.edu/ ~fraundorfp/stm97x.html>. • Holographic Leia. N.d. IT-Networks. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://www.it-

networks.org/ 2010/11/05/holographic-communication-flickers-into-life-in- arizona/>.

• Kevin. Doctor-on-a-Chip. 5 Jan. 2009. Bench Press. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2011. <http://blog.benchside.com/2009/01/>.

• Obi-Wan watching Hologram. N.d. PARMAN'S PAGE: Space News Update. N.p., 1 Jan. 2005. Web. 16 Mar. 2011.<http://parman.blogspot.com/2005_01_01 _archive.html>.