applications for high voltage direct current (hvdc...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
US Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team
Workshop
Applications for High Voltage Direct Current
(HVDC) Transmission Technologies
April 22, 2013
NRECA Conference CenterNRECA Conference Center
Arlington, VA 22203
Keynote Speaker: Nari Hingorani
HVDC Overview
![Page 2: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Today’s HVDC
• Power System in general has to be AC, because there is no DC Transformers
• Therefore Today’s HVDC involves conversion of
AC to DC and back to AC
• To justify HVDC, there needs to be enough cost or performance benefit to pay for the converters.
Hingorani
![Page 3: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Applications for HVDC
• Moving large amounts of power over long
distances.
• Moving power by cable over moderate to long • Moving power by cable over moderate to long
distances.
• Moving power between asynchronous systems.
• Forcing ordered power into an area
Hingorani
![Page 4: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Advantages of HVDC
• Lower Cost than AC for Long Distance (600
miles for overhead and 30 miles for
Underground/Submarine)
• Controlled Power Flow (Owner has control)• Controlled Power Flow (Owner has control)
• Limitation of Short Circuit Currents
• High speed electronic clearance of
temporary faults
• Transmission at reduced voltages when line
insulation is damaged Hingorani
![Page 5: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Transmission of bulk power from remote generation
~~
Applications for Applications for HVDCHVDC
HVdc Transmission Tutorial AlbertaMay 2010
©TransGrid Solutions Inc., 2009
~~
Load
Centre
Remote
Generation
![Page 6: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Asynchronous Interconnection (Back-Back)
Applications for Applications for HVDCHVDC
HVdc Transmission Tutorial AlbertaMay 2010
©TransGrid Solutions Inc., 2009
f1 f2
f1 f2
![Page 7: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Two Terminal Bipolar System
HVdc Transmission Tutorial AlbertaMay 2010
©TransGrid Solutions Inc., 2009
![Page 8: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Two Terminal Mono-polar System
Ground Return
HVdc Transmission Tutorial AlbertaMay 2010
©TransGrid Solutions Inc., 2009
![Page 9: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Two Terminal Bipolar System
HVdc Transmission Tutorial AlbertaMay 2010
©TransGrid Solutions Inc., 2009
![Page 10: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Multi-Terminal
Parallel Tap
HVdc Transmission Tutorial AlbertaMay 2010
©TransGrid Solutions Inc., 2009
![Page 11: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Choice of Power Devices
IGBT Module (wire bonded) IGBT (presspack) Thyristor
Hingorani
![Page 12: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Types of HVDC Converters
• Line Commutated Converters (LCC) Using
devices with no turn-off capability (Thyristors)
• Voltage Source Converters (VSC) Using devices
with turn-off capability, Insulated Gate Bipolar
Transistors (IGBT)
Hingorani
![Page 13: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Line Commutated Converter (LCC) System, which requires unidirectional
current flowcurrent flow
Voltage Sources Converter (VSC) System which requires unidirectional dc
voltage
![Page 14: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Advantages of Voltage Source Converter Compared
to Thyristor Based HVDC Technology
• With phase angle control of ac voltage, converters can independently supply leading and lagging reactive power along with real power
• There are no commutation failures
• With same polarity voltage (no voltage reversal) cable is much cheaper
• Site area required is half that for thyristor-based HVDC • Site area required is half that for thyristor-based HVDC converters
• Black start capability
• Can operate in a passive ac system.
• Since there is no voltage reversal, VSC system is suitable for multi-terminal system and future expansion
Hingorani
![Page 15: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Disadvantages of Voltage Source Converter
Compared to Thyristor Based HVDC Technology
• Need many more devices in series and also diodes in parallel with each controlled device
• Higher cost (50% more)
• Higher losses (50% more)
• IGBT Devices not as high power and robust as thyristortechnology
•technology
• Can not yet electronically clear temporary dc line faults with multiple and low voltage restarts for HVDC with overhead line
![Page 16: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Applications HVDC Transmissions
Three Different Worlds
• Developing Countries: China, India, Brazil --- Doing the way it
should be doneshould be done
• Europe - Mostly underground and Submarine
• USA - Need transmission for Renewables but NIMBY and
BANANA for Overhead Lines, Underground Cable is too
expensive Hingorani
Hingorani
![Page 17: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
UHVDC and HVDC in ChinaAll Overhead Medium and Long Distance Transmission
![Page 18: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
HVDC Projects in INDIA 1 – Rihand-Dadri (+/- 500 kV,1500MW)
2 - Vindyachal (2 X250 MW)
3 - Chandrapur-Padghe (+/-500kV,1500 MW) MSTCL
4 - Chandrapur-Ramagundam (2 X 500MW)
5 – Barsoor-Lower Sileru (100 kV,100MW)
6 – Gajuwaka (1 X 500 MW + 1 X 500 MW )
Mahendergarh
+/- 800 kV7 - Sasaram (1 X 500 MW )
8 - Talcher-Kolar ((+/- 500 kV, 2000MW, upgraded to 2500 MW)
9- Ballia-Bhiwadi (+/- 500 kV, 2500MW)
10- NER-Agra (+/- 800 kV, 6000 MW , Multi-Terminal ,under execution)
11. Mundra- Mahendergarg (+/- 500 kV, 2500MW) Adani
12. Champa -Kurukhshetra (3000MW
+/- 800 kV)
Mundra
+/- 800 kV
![Page 19: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
HVDC/AC in Brazil: Present and Future Projects
![Page 20: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
HVDC in Europe
![Page 21: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
USA Scenario
• In USA, we need transmission AC or DC
particularly for moving power from large
wind (land and offshore) and solar Farms
that exist at long distance from the load centers
• We have permitting, and siting problems• We have permitting, and siting problems
for AC Overhead Lines
• Like Europe, UHVAC or UHVDC seems to be out of
question
• Can a case be made for HVDC Underground and
Submarine Cables?Hingorani
![Page 22: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Latest Example:
Swedish HVDC VSC Converters and Underground Cable
1440 MW (2x720MW) 300kV South-West Link
Ordered by Svenska Kraftnät, the national grid operator
for completion in 2014
• ABB HVDC Cable complete turnkey cost: 1440 MW
(2x720MW) 300kV, 125 miles for $160 M ($1.28 per mile)
• Alstom Grid’s MaxSineTM Voltage Source Converters (VSC)
, complete turnkey for Euros 240M ($320M)
For 125 miles total cost $472M=$3.7M/mile
For 200 miles Total Cost would be $568M= $2.84/mile
For 250 miles Total Cost would be $632M= $2.5/mile
For 400 miles Total Cost would be $824M= $2.1M/mile Hingorani
![Page 23: Applications for High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC ...energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2013/05/f0/HVDC2013-Hingorani_0.pdfUS Department of Energy’s Grid Tech Team Workshop Applications](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022021510/5aaec5637f8b9a22118c6f7a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Thank YouThank You
Hingorani