application of morphological concepts to characterize german immigrantion's nucleus in brazil
DESCRIPTION
Communication in ISUF Porto, Portugal, July 2014.TRANSCRIPT
Application of morphological concepts to
characterize German immigration’s
nucleus in Brazil
Laboratório Patrimônio & Desenvolvimento (Patri_Lab)
Bruno Amaral de Andade
Mestrando em Arquitetura e Urbanismo pela UFES, e Pesquisador do Patri_Lab. Vitória [ES], Brasil. [email protected]
Elisa Machado Taveira
Màster en Urbanismo/UPC/Espanha, Patri_Lab/UFES
Renata Hermanny de Almeida
Arquiteta Urbanista; Doutora em Arquitetura e Urbanismo, pela UFBA (2005), Coordenadora do Patri_Lab. Vitória [ES], Brasil. <[email protected]>
Red BaloonPaul Klee ‘s painting
Source: http://www.mcm-sr.com.br/assistencia_tecnica.php?uf=es;
Location
Source: <http://www.cesan.com.br/page.php?25>.
Fonte: ANDRADE, 2012
• This article seeks to analyze comparatively morphological structures as a result from German immigration’s occupation in Espírito Santo, from middle XIX century. For this investigation, Gunter Weimer’s advanced studies it’s assumed as reference, concentrated in the decades of 1970 and 1980, about German architecture in Brazil’s southern region. The intention is to recognize and present by mappings some morphological configuration’s particularities of urban sites located in Espírito Santo;
• It is recognized, in the territory’s dimension, both the adoption of courses of rivers as structural elements of land parceling, as the location of settlements in high and cold lands. In urban dimension, it is identified three types of nucleation: Strassendorf, urban form structured by central trade route; Angerdorf, urban form that the central trade route widens open to a square; and Haufendorf, urban form derived from a spontaneous growth.
Ancient Santa Leopoldina Colony (sec XIX). Source: Arquivo Nacional/Brasil
• German immigration urban form in Brazil:• The city must be safe over a mountain’s back or protected by a river;
must have a market, a long and wide main street that reaches a large square in the center. It’s streets’ system should be understandable at first sight ... The church with its cemetery should be separated from the traffic, but so that the largest nave and the bell tower, emerging from the housetops, dominates the main square. (Peluso, 1991, p.392, cited in Mattedi, 2009).
Strassendorf, characteristic urban form. Lubeck. Source: Mattedi, 2009
Urban form in Domingos Martins / Espírito Santo
Sources:(a): http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=509488&page=2;
e (b) Ortofotomosaico IEMA 2007/2008.
Angerdorf
Urban form in Marechal Floriano / Espírito Santo
Source:(a): http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=509488&page=2;
e (b) Ortofotomosaico IEMA 2007/2008.
Strassendorf
Source: Radig (p. 100, apud WEIMER, 2005).
Urban form in Santa Leopoldina / Espírito Santo
Source. (a): Acervo do Patri_Lab; (b) : Ortofotomosaico IEMA 2007/2008.
Strassendorf
Source: Radig (p. 100, apud WEIMER, 2005).
Urban form in Santa Maria de Jetibá / Espírito Santo
Haufendorf
Source: (a): http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=509488&page=2;
e (b) Ortofotomosaico IEMA 2007/2008.
Source: Weimer (2004, p.59)
Urban nucleus form constituted by German immigration. A comparative matrix.
Conclusion
• Importantly, this is an initial approach to German colonization in Brazil urban heritage studies, especially in Espírito Santo experience. • The urban context stands out the settlement from nucleation, and the structured pathway dominance surrounding a road, generally central and characterized functionally by the prevalence of commercial activity. The built settle, consisting of peculiar architecture and detached and distant position, distinguished the single central tower church, if any.• The urban morphology analysis, from Günter Weimer, in Santa Leopoldina and Santa Maria de Jetibá, in Espírito Santo, presents a Strassendorf formal type predominant, ie the urban design structured from a main street, commercial, one of the German colonization central marks in Brazil, in addition, it’s noted the river role in choosing the occupation locus, however, is not a protagonist urban form role.• As future deployments, it’s pointed out urban morphology related investigations in other immigrants cities (Weimer, 2004) in Espírito Santo; from a deepening in specific literature, focused on Werner Radig, in German language, with the objective of identifying and mapping the immigration nucleus settle in Espírito Santo, from the nineteenth century, territorialized in the Santa Maria da Vitoria and Jucu river basins.