appendix b hydronic piping
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Appendix B: Hydronic
Piping Systems
30P A R T
30
H V A C E Q U AT I O N S , D A TA , A N D R U L E S O F T H U M B
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30.01 Hydronic Piping Systems
A. Table Notes: Hydronic Piping Systems—Copper, Steel, and Stainless Steel Pipe:
1. Maximum Recommended Pressure Drop: 4 Ft./100 Ft.
2. Maximum Recommended Velocity (Occupied Areas): 8 Fps.3. Maximum Recommended Velocity (Unoccupied Areas, Shafts, Tunnels, etc.): 10 FPS.
4. Standard steel pipe and Type L copper pipe are the most common pipe materials used
in HVAC applications.
5. Tables are applicable to closed and open hydronic piping systems.
6. Pipe Sizes 5″ , 22″ , 26″ , 28″ , 32″ , and 34″ are not standard sizes and not readily available
in all locations.
7. Types K, L, and M copper pipe are available in sizes through 12 inch.
8. Standard and XS steel pipe are available in sizes through 96 inch.
9. XXS steel pipe is available in sizes through 12 inch.10. Schedule 40 steel pipe is available in sizes through 96 inch.
11. Schedule 80 and 160 steel pipe are available in sizes through 24 inch.
12. Schedule 5 and 10 stainless steel pipe are available in sizes through 24 inch.
13. Standard and Schedule 40 steel pipe have the same dimensions and flow for 10 inch and
smaller.
14. XS and Schedule 80 steel pipe have the same dimensions and flow for 8 inch and
smaller.
15. XXS and Schedule 160 have no relationship for dimensions or flow.
Hydronic Piping Systems—Type K Copper Pipe
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Appendix B: Hydronic Piping Systems 461
Hydronic Piping Systems—Type L Copper Pipe
Hydronic Piping Systems—Type M Copper Pipe
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Hydronic Piping Systems—Standard Steel Pipe
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Appendix B: Hydronic Piping Systems 463
Hydronic Piping Systems—XS Steel Pipe
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Hydronic Piping Systems—XXS Steel Pipe
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Appendix B: Hydronic Piping Systems 465
Hydronic Piping Systems—Schedule 40 Steel Pipe
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Hydronic Piping Systems—Schedule 160 Steel Pipe
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Hydronic Piping Systems—Schedule 80 Steel Pipe
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Appendix B: Hydronic Piping Systems 467
Hydronic Piping Systems—Schedule 5 Stainless Steel Pipe
Hydronic Piping Systems—Schedule 10 Stainless Steel Pipe
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Bypass and Warming Valves
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Notes:
1. Series A covers steam service for warming up before the main line is opened and for balancing
pressures where lines are of limited volume.2. Series B covers lines conveying gases or liquids where bypassing may facilitate the operation of themain valve by balancing the pressures on both sides of the disc or discs thereof. The valves in thelarger sizes may be of the bolted on type.
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Appendix B: Hydronic Piping Systems 469
Hydronic System Design Temperatures and Pressures
Notes:1. Safety: High temperature hydronic systems when operated at higher system temperatures and
higher system pressures will result in lower chance of water hammer and the damaging effects of pipe leaks. These high temperature heating water systems are also safer than lower temperatureheating water systems because system leaks subcool to temperatures below scalding due to thesudden decrease in pressure and the production of water vapor.
2. The antiflash margin of 40°F. minimum is recommended for nitrogen or mechanically pressur-ized systems.
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470 PART 30
30.02 Glycol Systems
Ethylene Glycol
Notes:
1. Specific gravity with respect to water at 60°F.
Propylene Glycol
Notes:
1. Specific gravity with respect to water at 60°F.
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Appendix B: Hydronic Piping Systems 471
30.03 Air Conditioning (AC) Condensate Piping
A. AC Condensate Flow:
1. Range: 0.02–0.08 GPM/Ton
2. Average: 0.04 GPM/Ton3. Unitary Packaged AC Equipment: 0.006 GPM/Ton
4. Air Handling Units (100% outside Air): 0.100 GPM/1000 CFM
5. Air Handling Units (50% Outdoor Air): 0.065 GPM/1000 CFM
6. Air Handling Units (25% Outdoor Air): 0.048 GPM/1000 CFM
7. Air Handling Units (15% Outdoor Air): 0.041 GPM/1000 CFM
8. Air Handling Units (0% Outdoor Air): 0.030 GPM/1000 CFM
B. AC Condensate Pipe Sizing:
1. Minimum Pipe Sizes are given in the following table:
Air Conditioning Condensate Pipe Sizing
2. Pipe size shall not be smaller than drain pan outlet. Minimum size below grade and
below ground floor shall be 21 ⁄ 2″ (4″ Allegheny Co.,PA). Drain shall have slope of not less
than 1 ⁄ 8″ per foot.
3. Some localities require AC condensate to be discharged to storm sewers, some require
AC condensate to be discharged to sanitary sewers, and some permit AC condensate to
be discharged to either storm or sanitary sewers. Verify pipe sizing and discharge
requirements with local authorities and codes.