1Name:____________________________ Date:_____________________________

Appendicular Skeleton Lab Part A: Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limb

Prelab: The pectoral girdle consists of two clavicles and two scapulae. These parts support the upper limbs and serve as attachments for various muscles that move these limbs. Each upper limb includes a humerus, a radius, an ulna, eight carpals, five metacarpals, and fourteen phalanges. These bones form the framework of the arm, forearm, and hand. They also function as parts of levers when the limbs are moved. Purpose: To examine the bones of the pectoral girdle and upper limb and to identify the major features of these bones. Materials: textbook, human skeleton articulated, disarticulated human skeleton, colored pencils Procedure: Part A: The Pectoral Girdle

1. Review the section entitled “Pectoral Girdle” in chapter 7 of “Hole’s” or “Bones of the Shoulder Girdle” in chapter 5 of Marieb.

2. As a review activity label figures 1 and 2 3. Examine the bones of the pectoral girdle and locate the following features. At

the same time, locate as many of the corresponding surface bones and features of your own skeleton as possible.

Scapula Spine Acromion

Process Coracoid Process

Glenoid Cavity (fossa)

Clavicle

2 Figure 1 Pectoral Girdle

A.____________________________bone F._______________________________

B.____________________________bone G._______________________________

C.____________________________Bone H._______________________________

D.____________________________bone I.______________________________Bone

E.____________________________bone J.______________________________Bone

3Figure 2 Scapula

A. ____________________________ C. ____________________________

B. ____________________________

4. Complete part A of the conclusion. Part B: The upper limb

1. Review the section entitled “Upper Limb” in chapter 7 of “Hole’s” and “Bones of the Upper Limb” in chapter 5 of Marieb.

2. As a review activity, label figures 3-5. 3. Examine the following bones and features of the upper limb: Humerus Radius Head Head Greater tubercle Radial tuberosity Trochlea Styloid process Olecranon fossa Carpal bones Coronoid fossa Metacarpal bones Ulna Phalanges Trochlear notch Proximal Olecranon process middle Coronoid process distal 4. Use colored pencils to distinguish individual bones in each figure 1-5. Use

different colors to represent the regions you are responsible for on the practical.

5. Complete part B of the conclusion

4Figure 3 : Humerus

A._______________________________ D._______________________________

B._______________________________ E._______________________________

C._______________________________

5Figure 4

A.______________________________ E.______________________________

B.______________________________ F.______________________________

C.______________________________ G.______________________________

D.______________________________ H.______________________________

6Figure 3 Hand

A.___________________________ F.___________________________

B.___________________________ G.___________________________

C.___________________________ H.___________________________

D.___________________________ I.___________________________

E.___________________________ J.___________________________

7Conclusion: Part A: Complete the following statements.

1. The medial ends of the clavicles articulate with the ______________________________

of the sternum.

2. the lateral ends of the clavicles articulate with the ______________________________

of the scapulae.

3. The __________________________________________ is a bone that serves as a brace

between the sternum and the scapula.

4. The _________________________________________ divides the scapula into unequal

portions.

5. The tip of the shoulder is the _______________________________________ of the

scapula.

6. At the lateral end of the scapula, the ____________________________________ curves

anteriorly and inferiorly from the clavicle.

7. The glenoid cavity (fossa) of the scapula articulates with the

___________________________________ of the humerus.

Part B: Match the bones in column b with the features in column A. Place the letter of your choice in the space provided.

Column A Column B ______1. 8 bones A. Carpals ______2. Coronoid fossa B. Humerus ______3. 5 palmar bones C. Metacarpals ______4. 14 bones in the digits D. Phalanges ______5. Olecranon fossa E. Radius ______6. Radial tuberosity F. Ulna ______7. trochlea ______ 8. trochlear notch ______9. Styloid process (could be 2 bones) ______10. Coronoid process ______11. greater tubercle ______12. Head (could be 2 bones)