appendicular skeleton
DESCRIPTION
Appendicular Skeleton. Appendicular Skeleton. 126 bones – suspended by girdles from axial skeleton Designed for movement Pectoral girdle – 4 bones Upper extremity -Arm – 1 bone - forearm – 2 bones - hand = wrist, palm & fingers – 27 bones [each]. Pelvic Girdle – 2 bones - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Appendicular Skeleton
Appendicular Skeleton
• 126 bones – suspended by girdles from axial skeleton
• Designed for movement• Pectoral girdle – 4 bones• Upper extremity -Arm – 1 bone
- forearm – 2 bones - hand = wrist, palm & fingers – 27 bones [each]
• Pelvic Girdle – 2 bones
• Lower Extremity – leg – 1 bone
- lower leg – 2 bones
- foot = ankle, instep & toes – 26 bones [each ]
- Patella – 2 bones
*Pelvic or Hip Girdle:
•Attaches the lower extremity to the axial skeleton
•Provides support for body weight
Hip / Coxal bones [ ossa coxae, innominate bones]
Ilium – ASIS, PSIS
Ischium - tuberosity
Pubis - rami
Symphysis pubis
Obturator foramen
Acetabulum
Lower Extremity
• Leg [thigh] – femurHeadFovea capitisNeckTrochanters –
greater/lesserCondyles –
medial/lateralEpicondyles
Lower Extremity
*Leg – region between knee and ankle
• Fibula – lateral bone• Tibia – medial bone
Malleolus
Condyles – medial/lateral
Tibial tuberosity
Patella [kneecap] a flat, triangular sesamoid bone
Enclosed within the quadriceps tendon
Ankle or Tarsus
Contains 7 tarsal bones
Calcaneous = heel bone
Talus
Cuboid
Navicular
Cuneiforms – lateral, intermediate & medial
Foot• Metatarsals – not
named, but numbered 1 – 5 starting at medial side
• Toes – phalanges or digits: 3 bones [proximal, distal & middle] for each toe, except big [great] toe which has 2 [no middle phalanx]
Pectoral or Shoulder Girdle•Clavicle [collarbone] – ‘S’ shaped bone * most frequently fx’d bone of body
•Scapula [shoulder blade] – thin, flat, triangular bone.
Acromion
Spine
Coracoid process
Gleniod fossa/cavity
Upper Extremity• Arm [brachium]
humerusHeadTubercles – greater/lesserEpicondlyes –
medial/lateralOlecranon fossaCapitulumTrochlea
Upper Extremity
*forearm – region between elbow and wrist
• Ulna
Olecranon process• Radius
head
Styloid process
Wrist or Carpus• Contains 8 carpal bonesBound tightly by
ligaments Arranged in 2 rowsScaphoid TrapeziumLunate TrapezoidTriquetral CapitatePisiform Hamate
Hand
•Metarcarpals – not named, but numbered 1-5 starting on lateral [thumb] side
•Fingers – phalanges or digits: 3 bones [proximal, distal & middle] for each finger, except thumb, which has 2 [ no middle phalanx]