aplio 400 operator manual
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
1/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
IMPORTANT!
Read and understand this manual before operatingthe equipment. After reading, keep this manual in aneasily accessible place.
TOSHIBA MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORPORATION 2011-2012
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
OPERATION MANUALFOR
DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND SYSTEM
MODEL TUS-A400
MEASUREMENTS VOLUME
(2B771-044EN*D)
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
2/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
Trademarks
Microsoft Windows XP is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the USA and other
countries.
APLIO, Dynamic Flow, ApliPure, MicroPure, and TwinView are trademarks of Toshiba MedicalSystems Corporation.This manual may include trademarks or registered trademarks of other companies.
Note that the trademark symbol "" and the registered trademark symbol "" may or may notbe used in this manual.
IMPORTANT!
1. No part of this manual may be copied or reprinted, in whole or in part,without prior written permission.
2. The contents of this manual are subject to change without prior noticeand without legal obligation.
3. The contents of this manual are correct to the best of our knowledge.Please inform us of any ambiguous or erroneous descriptions, missinginformation, etc.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
3/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
- a -
Table of Contents
1. Outline of Measurement Functions.................... 1-1
1.1 Switches Used for Measurement................................................. 1-1
1.2 Setting the Measurement................................................................... 1-2
1.3 Modifying a Measurement................................................................. 1-3
1.4 Deleting a Measurement..................................................................... 1-6
1.4.1 Deleting a measurement using the touch panel............................... 1-6
1.4.2 Deleting the selected measurement result......................................... 1-7
1.5 Changing the Result Display Position..................................... 1-8
1.6 Worksheet Screen................................................................................... 1-9
2. 2D-Mode Measurements.................................................... 2-1
2.1 Distance Measurement (Distance).............................................. 2-2
2.2 Curved Line Distance Measurement (Trace Length)..... 2-3
2.2.1 Continuous Trace.......................................................................................... 2-3
2.2.2 Spline Trace..................................................................................................... 2-4
2.3 Angle Measurement (Angle)............................................................ 2-5
2.4
Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)............................. 2-6
2.4.1 Continuous Trace.......................................................................................... 2-6
2.4.2 Spline Trace..................................................................................................... 2-6
2.4.3 Ellipse................................................................................................................. 2-7
2.4.4 Cross................................................................................................................... 2-8
2.5 Volume Measurement (Volume).................................................. 2-10
2.6 Joint Measurement............................................................................... 2-11
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
4/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
- b -
2.7 MeanIMT Measurement..................................................................... 2-12
2.8 %Stenosis (Distance) Measurement....................................... 2-14
2.9 %Stenosis (Area) Measurement................................................. 2-15
3. M-mode Measurements....................................................... 3-1
3.1 M-Mode Distance Measurement (Distance)......................... 3-2
3.2 Slope Measurement (Slope)............................................................. 3-3
3.3 Time Measurement (Time)................................................................. 3-4
3.4 Heart Rate Measurement (HR)........................................................ 3-5
4. Doppler-Mode Measurements.................................... 4-1
4.1 Velocity Measurement (Velocity)................................................. 4-2
4.2 Acceleration Measurement (Accel)............................................ 4-3
4.3 Time Measurement (Time)................................................................. 4-3
4.4 Heart Rate Measurement (HR)........................................................ 4-3
4.5 Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)............................... 4-4
4.5.1 Continuous Trace.......................................................................................... 4-5
4.5.2 Spline Trace..................................................................................................... 4-7
4.5.3 Line Trace......................................................................................................... 4-8
4.5.4 Range.................................................................................................................. 4-9
4.5.5 Auto Range..................................................................................................... 4-11
4.6 PI Measurement (PI Trace).............................................................. 4-12
4.7 RI Measurement...................................................................................... 4-13
4.8 S/D Measurement................................................................................... 4-14
4.9 Flow Volume Trace Measurement (Flow Volume)......... 4-15
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
5/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
- c -
5. Application Measurement (Cardiac).................. 5-1
5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................. 5-1
5.1.1 Starting the application measurement menu..................................... 5-1
5.1.2 Heart rate acquisition methods (Cardiac)........................................... 5-1
5.2 2D-Mode Measurements (Cardiac)............................................. 5-3
5.2.1 LV measurement (MOD Simpson method)/LA measurement (MOD Simpson method)/LA measurement (3-Axis method).......................................................... 5-3
5.2.2 LV measurement (Teichholz method)................................................. 5-11
5.2.3 LV measurement (Cube method).......................................................... 5-16
5.2.4 LV measurement (Gibson method)...................................................... 5-16
5.2.5 LV measurement (Single-plane (aka Area-Length) method)..... 5-17
5.2.6 LV measurement (Biplane method)..................................................... 5-19
5.2.7 LV measurement (Bullet method)......................................................... 5-21
5.3 M-Mode Measurement (Cardiac)................................................ 5-23
5.3.1 Aortic valve measurement (Aortic Valve).......................................... 5-23
5.3.2 Mitral valve measurement (Mitral Valve)............................................ 5-25
5.3.3 LV measurement (Teichholz method)................................................. 5-27
5.3.4 LV measurement (Cube method).......................................................... 5-33
5.3.5 LV measurement (Gibson method)...................................................... 5-33
5.4 Doppler-Mode Measurement (Cardiac).................................. 5-34
5.4.1 Aortic valve measurement (Aortic)...................................................... 5-34
5.4.2 Mitral valve measurement (Mitral)........................................................ 5-42
5.4.3 Pulmonary vein blood flow measurement (Pulmo. Vein)........... 5-49
5.4.4 Tricuspid valve measurement (Tricus.).............................................. 5-51
5.4.5 Pulmonary valve measurement (Pulmo.)........................................... 5-55
5.5 Extra Measurements............................................................................ 5-60
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
6/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
- d -
5.5.1 LV Mass AL (Area-Length)....................................................................... 5-60
5.5.2 LV Mass TE (Truncated Ellipsoid)........................................................ 5-62
5.5.3 PISA................................................................................................................... 5-64
5.5.4 Coronary.......................................................................................................... 5-66
6. Application Measurement (Vascular).............. 6-1
6.1 Carotid1........................................................................................................... 6-1
6.1.1 2D-mode measurement............................................................................... 6-1
6.1.2 Doppler-mode measurement.................................................................... 6-3
6.1.3 Measurement value display on the Worksheet screen.................. 6-4
6.2 Carotid1 (Auto-IMT Measurement).............................................. 6-5
6.2.1 Touch panel menu......................................................................................... 6-5
6.2.2 Measurement method.................................................................................. 6-7
6.2.3 Worksheet screen.......................................................................................... 6-9
7. Obstetric Measurement (OB)....................................... 7-1
7.1 Outline of OB Measurement............................................................ 7-1
7.2 Patient Registration for OB Measurement............................ 7-2
7.3 OB Measurement Menu on the Touch Panel....................... 7-3
7.4 Measurement Methods Specific toOB Measurements................................................................................... 7-5
7.4.1 Amniotic fluid index (AFI).......................................................................... 7-5
7.4.2 NB (Nasal Bone)/NT (Nuchal Translucency)/NF (Nuchal Fold)measurement................................................................................................... 7-6
7.4.3 CTAR measurement...................................................................................... 7-7
7.4.4 Maxilla Angle (Facial Maxilla Angle) measurement........................ 7-9
7.4.5 DV (Ductus Venosus) measurement..................................................... 7-9
7.5 Calculation Items................................................................................... 7-10
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
7/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
- e -
7.6 List of OB Measurements andOB Calculation Items.......................................................................... 7-14
7.7 Measurement Items That Can Be Selected in theGyn. Menu................................................................................................... 7-22
7.8 Updating the OB Date Information During anExamination (GA Input)..................................................................... 7-23
7.9 Trend Graph (Trend)............................................................................ 7-24
7.10 OB Worksheet.......................................................................................... 7-26
7.10.1 OB 2D Worksheet........................................................................................ 7-27
7.10.2
OB Doppler Worksheet.............................................................................. 7-28
7.10.3 Gyn Worksheet............................................................................................. 7-29
7.10.4 Comment screen.......................................................................................... 7-30
7.10.5 Anatomy function........................................................................................ 7-32
7.10.6 Data List........................................................................................................... 7-34
7.11 Data Storage.............................................................................................. 7-39
8. Measurements on a Stored Image....................... 8-1
8.1 Measurements on ER Images......................................................... 8-3
8.2 Measurements on ER Images for Which ManualCalibration Is Required........................................................................ 8-5
8.3 Manual Calibration Required Before the Start ofEach Measurement............................................................................... 8-10
8.4 Worksheet Display................................................................................ 8-11
8.5 Accuracy of Measurement When Manual CalibrationIs Used........................................................................................................... 8-12
9. Measurement Data Storage........................................... 9-1
9.1 Storing Measurement Data in the DICOM SR Format... 9-1
9.1.1 Data transfer.................................................................................................... 9-1
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
8/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
- f -
9.1.2 Displaying the stored data......................................................................... 9-3
10. OB Measurement Chart Data..................................... 10-1
10.1 Gestational Age Chart...................................................................... 10-11
10.2 Growth Analysis Chart.................................................................... 10-68
10.3 Identical Chart...................................................................................... 10-129
10.4 Charts for Creating Trend Graphs........................................ 10-178
11. Presetting............................................................................................. 11-1
11.1 Setting Presets........................................................................................ 11-1
11.2 Details of Each Preset........................................................................ 11-3
11.2.1 Appl Meas....................................................................................................... 11-3
11.2.2 Meas. Window............................................................................................... 11-4
11.2.3 2D-Mode Meas.............................................................................................. 11-6
11.2.4
D-Mode Meas................................................................................................. 11-7
11.2.5 D-Mode Meas. 2.......................................................................................... 11-13
11.2.6 Worksheet..................................................................................................... 11-14
11.2.7 Meas. Marker................................................................................................ 11-16
11.2.8 Meas. Marker2............................................................................................. 11-17
11.2.9 Meas. Operation......................................................................................... 11-18
11.2.10 Annotation.................................................................................................... 11-20
11.2.11 LV (2D)............................................................................................................ 11-21
11.2.12 LV (M).............................................................................................................. 11-22
11.2.13 Cardiac Doppler.......................................................................................... 11-23
11.2.14 LV Mass.......................................................................................................... 11-24
11.2.15 Carotid1 Doppler........................................................................................ 11-25
11.2.16 Carotid1 Meas. Type................................................................................. 11-27
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
9/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
- g -
11.2.17 Carotid1 Meas. Tool.................................................................................. 11-28
11.2.18 Auto IMT......................................................................................................... 11-29
11.2.19 Body Mark..................................................................................................... 11-30
11.2.20 Meas. Data Display.................................................................................... 11-31
11.2.21 OB/Gyn Report............................................................................................ 11-32
11.2.22 OB/Gyn Report 2........................................................................................ 11-33
11.2.23 OB Evaluated - OB Calc.......................................................................... 11-34
11.2.24 OB Evaluated - OB Calc. 2..................................................................... 11-35
11.2.25 OB Evaluated - OB Calc. 3..................................................................... 11-37
11.2.26 OB Evaluated - D OB Calc...................................................................... 11-39
11.2.27 OB Display.................................................................................................... 11-40
11.2.28 OB Behavior................................................................................................. 11-41
11.2.29 OB 2D Tool................................................................................................... 11-42
11.2.30 OB/Gyn D Meas.......................................................................................... 11-43
11.2.31
Gyn Meas...................................................................................................... 11-44
11.3 Confirmation of the Automatic MeasurementStart Item.................................................................................................... 11-45
12. Registration of User-ProgrammedMeasurements............................................................................... 12-1
*
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
10/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-1
1. Outline of Measurement Functions
1.1 Switches Used for Measurement
No. Switch Function
Moves the marker.
The trace lines can be modified using the dial located aroundthe trackball.
Sets the start and end points.
Starts the next measurement.
Starts a basic measurement. (The default measurement that isstarted differs according to the mode.)
2D mode : Distance
M mode : Distance
PW/CW mode : Velocity
Starts a basic measurement. (The default measurement that isstarted differs according to the mode and the customizedsetting.)
2D mode : Area
M mode : Slope
PW/CW mode : Vel Trace
Starts an application measurement. (The measurement to bestarted must be preset in advance.)
Modifies trace lines.
Rotates the line marker to adjust the angle.
Freezes the image.
Displays the application measurement results on the Worksheetscreen. (The screen to be displayed differs depending on thesetting.)
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
11/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-2
NOTE: 1. The measurements that start when the corresponding switch is pressedand the methods for setting the measurement data differ depending on thepreset.The data used for calculation and the display of calculation results alsodiffer depending on the preset.
Refer to section 11 "Presetting" and set the desired presets before usingthe above switches.
2. The default basic measurement can be changed as needed. Contact yourToshiba service representative.
1.2 Setting the Measurement
When the measurement is set on an image in the current examination, the color of themeasurement markers is changed to cyan.
When the measurement is set on an image stored for a previous examination, the colorof the measurement markers is changed to white.
CAUTION: Be sure to perform measurement within the displayed images.If an area outside an image is included in a measurement, anincorrect result may be output.
NOTE: 1. Both and can be used to set (register) the measurement.
When is used, the measurement result is set and the next
measurement is started.
However, when "Fixed by [SET] only" in [Vel, Auto Range Tool] of theMeas. Operation preset is set to ON, the preset setting takes precedence
and must be used to set the measurement result.
Note that pressing a measurement item switch on the touch panel (otherthan Velocity measurement of the basic measurements) also sets themeasurement result.
2. The application measurement results are not displayed on the Worksheetscreen if the measurement data has not been set.
3. In basic measurement mode, the measured data is lost when the systempower is turned OFF or the exam data has been changed.
4. The results of basic measurements are not displayed on the Worksheetscreen.
5. Only a part of the calculation results are displayed on the measurementresult screen in application measurement mode. To check all themeasurement results (calculation results), use the Worksheet screen.
6. It is possible to preset whether or not the line connecting the start point and
end point is displayed before the measurement is set in distancemeasurement and area measurement.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
12/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-3
1.3 Modifying a Measurement
A measurement data item can be modified by pressing even after the
measurement data is set and the measured value is displayed, provided that or
another measurement switch has not been pressed.
Perform the procedures below to modify the measurement data.
Step 1:
Start modification.
Step 2:
Move the startpoint.
Step 3:
Finish modificationof the start point.
Step 4:
Modify the endpoint.
Press .
The start point(first point) changes toa marker.
Change theposition of the
start point using
.
A
Press .
A
The newly measureddata is set.
To modify the endpoint, press
and follow
the sameprocedure.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
13/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-4
Step 1:
Start modification.
Step 2:
Undo the trace tothe desired point.
Step 3:
Draw the traceagain.
Step 4:
Set the newlymeasured data.
Press .
The start point (firstpoint) changes to amarker.
Rotate to
undo the trace tothe desired point.
From that point,draw the traceagain using
.
Press .
The newly measureddata is set.
To modify the endpoint, press
and follow
the sameprocedure.
* During velocity trace measurement in PW/CW mode, rotate counterclockwise
to undo the trace.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
14/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-5
The above procedures cannot be used to modify measurements obtained using theSpline Trace method.
To modify such measurements, press and then move the marker.
Step 1:
Start modification.
Step 2:
Select the markerto be modified.
Step 3:
Move the marker.
Step 4:
Set the newlymeasured data.
Press .
An arrow is displayed.
Move the arrownear the marker tobe modified.
The color of theselected markerchanges to red.
Press .
Move the markerto the desiredposition using
.
Press .
The newly measureddata is set.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
15/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-6
1.4 Deleting a Measurement
1.4.1 Deleting a measurement using the touch panel
*1: Refer to subsection 7.3 for the function of [Clear All] in OB measurement mode.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
16/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-7
1.4.2 Deleting the selected measurement result
Perform the procedures below to delete the selected measurement result.
Step 1:
Start
Step 2:
Select the measurementresult to be deleted.
Step 3:
Delete themeasurement result.
Press .
An arrow is displayed.
Move the arrow nearthe marker for themeasurement result tobe deleted.
A B
The color of the selectedmarker changes to red.
Press .
The measurement resultassociated with theselected marker is deleted.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
17/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-8
1.5 Changing the Result Display Position
is displayed during measurement. Press this switch to display the menu for
changing the measurement result display position.
*1: Each time is pressed, the result display position is changed as
shown below.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
18/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-9
1.6 Worksheet Screen
After performing application measurement, press to display the Worksheet
screen*1.
*1: If the system is set not to start up the Worksheet screen by pressing , press
on page 3/3 of the OTHER menu.
On this screen, the measurement and calculation results obtained in the applicationmeasurement are displayed.
CAUTION: 1. If the measurement data displayed on the Worksheet screen is edited,the data that precedes editing is overwritten and lost.
2. When is pressed, the message "Calculating" is displayed until the
Worksheet screen is displayed. If many items have been measured,"Calculating" may remain displayed for several tens of seconds toseveral minutes. Do not operate the main panel or touch panel whilethis message is displayed.
3. When more than one measurement has been performed using differentapplication presets, the application preset for which the results are to bedisplayed can be selected from the pull-down menu on the Worksheetscreen. If the number of application presets used is large, there may bea delay of several tens of seconds to several minutes before the resultsfor the selected application preset are displayed. Do not operate themain panel or touch panel during this period.
NOTE: 1. If "Mean of Measurements" is selected for the "Measurement Value DisplayMethod" on the Worksheet tab of the Preset menu, the mean of themeasurements is displayed in the worksheet.If only one measurement has been executed, the result of themeasurement is displayed in the Mean field.
2. If "Most Recent Measurement" is selected for "Measurement Value DisplayMethod" on the Worksheet tab of the Preset menu, only the most recentmeasurement value is displayed on the Worksheet screen.
3. If two or more measurements have been performed for a single item, besure to check each measurement result using the worksheet function.If an unexpected measurement value is obtained, it will affect the meanvalue.
4. If a result for a measurement item is deleted in the worksheet edit windowwith "Most Recent" selected, the result of the immediately precedingmeasurement is displayed.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
19/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
1-10
NOTE: 5. If a result for a measurement item is deleted in the worksheet edit windowand no other results remain for the item, the measurement item, the meanvalue of the item, and the calculation results obtained using themeasurement value (or mean value) are all deleted automatically.To redisplay these values, the item must be measured again.
Before deleting the contents of the worksheet edit window, confirm thatrequired data will not be deleted.When entering or editing data for measurement items, be sure to enter thevalues and units correctly.
6. Measurement or calculation data cannot be saved unless a patient ID isregistered for the patient.Be sure to register the patient ID before starting measurement.
7. Confirm that no unexpected values are displayed on the Worksheet screenbefore saving the data.
8. The measured value for some items displayed on the Worksheet screencan be edited, provided that the examination has not yet been completed.Once the measured data is saved, however, the data cannot be edited.Confirm the results on the worksheet before saving the data.The values displayed in white in the blue boxes can be edited.
9. Do not turn ON the measurement switch while the Worksheet screen isdisplayed.
10. Only a part of the calculation results are displayed on the measurementresult screen in application measurement mode. To check all themeasurement results (calculation results), use the Worksheet screen.
*
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
20/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-1
2. 2D-Mode MeasurementsThis section describes basic measurements in 2D mode.
* The Joint measurement switch is not displayed when Heart1, Heart2, or Heart3 isselected as Application Preset.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
21/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-2
2.1 Distance Measurement (Distance)
The straight-line distance between two points is measured on the 2D-mode image.
Distance : Dist A 999.9 (mm)
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Move the end point.
Step 3:
Set the end point.
Select .
Move the marker to themeasurement start
point using .
Press to set the
start point.
Move the marker to themeasurement end point
using .
Press to set the
end point.
A
* To perform the same type of measurement again, press and then repeat
steps to .
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
22/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-3
2.2 Curved Line Distance Measurement (Trace Length)
The length of a curved line is measured by tracing along the curved line.
The trace method can be changed using the dial provided under .
Method Description
Continuous Trace The user traces a curved line freehand from the specifiedstart point to the end point using the trackball.
Spline Trace A curved line is traced by interpolating three or more user-specified points (including the start and end points) using aspline curve.
Distance : Dist A 999.9 (mm)
2.2.1 Continuous Trace
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Draw the trace.
Step 3:
Set the trace.
Press and
select [ContinuousTrace].
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Draw the trace using
. Press .
A
During tracing, the trace can be modified by rotating or .
The trace is deleted.
The deleted portion ofthe trace is restored.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
23/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-4
2.2.2 Spline Trace
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Draw the trace.
Step 3:
Set the trace.
Press and
select [Spline Trace].
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Repeat the above
procedure to setmultiple points.
Press twice at
the same point.
A
During tracing, the trace can be modified by rotating or .
The trace is deleted.
The deleted portion ofthe trace is restored.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
24/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-5
2.3 Angle Measurement (Angle)
The angle between two straight lines is measured. Both the acute and obtuse anglesare displayed.
Acute : Angle2 A 99 (deg)
Obtuse : Angle1 A 999 (deg)
Step 1:
Set the first marker.
Step 2:
Move the secondmarker.
Step 3:
Set the secondmarker.
Select .
Move the marker using
.
Rotate the marker
using to adjust
the angle.
Press .
Move the second
marker using .
A
Rotate the marker
using .
Press .
A
A
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
25/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-6
2.4 Area/Circumference Measurement (Area)
The area and circumference of a region are measured in 2D mode.
The trace method can be changed using the dial provided under .
Measurement method Area measurement method
Continuous Trace The path traced by operating the trackball along thecircumference of the target object is used to calculate theapproximate area/circumference.
Spline Trace The interpolated curve for the set points is used to calculatethe approximate area/circumference.
Ellipse Elliptical approximation is used to calculate the approximatearea/circumference.
Cross Arcs are used to calculate the approximatearea/circumference.
2.4.1 Continuous Trace
For the measurement procedure, refer to subsection 2.2 "Curved Line DistanceMeasurement (Trace Length)".
Area : Area A 999.99 (cm2) Circumference : Circ A 999.9 (mm)
2.4.2 Spline Trace
For the measurement procedure, refer to subsection 2.2 "Curved Line DistanceMeasurement (Trace Length)".
Area : Area A 999.99 (cm2) Circumference : Circ A 999.9 (mm)
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
26/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-7
2.4.3 Ellipse
Area : Area A 999.99 (cm2) Long-axis length : Dist1 A 999.9 (mm)
Circumference : Circ A 999.9 (mm) Short-axis length : Dist2 A 999.9 (mm)
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Set the diameterof the circle.
Step 3:
Set the ellipse.
Step 4:
Set the trace.
Press
and select[Ellipse].
Move the marker
using .
Press .
Adjust thediameter of thecircle using
.
Press to
set the diameter ofthe circle.
Adjust the size ofthe ellipse using
.
Press .
A
Step 1:
Start modification.
Step 2:
Select the markerto be modified.
Step 3:
Modify the ellipse.
Step 4:
Finishmodification.
Press .
A
Move the arrownear the ellipse,place the arrow onthe point to bemodified, and
press .
(When the arrowis moved to theellipse, the majoraxis and minoraxis of the ellipseare displayed.)
A
Adjust the size ofthe ellipse using
.
Press .
A
To change the
length of the otheraxis, repeat thesame procedurefor the other axis.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
27/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-8
2.4.4 Cross
Area : Area A 999.99 (cm2) Long-axis length : Dist1 A 999.9 (mm)
Circumference : Circ A 999.9 (mm) Short-axis length : Dist2 A 999.9 (mm)
Step 1:
Set the first point.
Step 2:
Set the secondpoint.
Step 3:
Set the start pointof the
perpendicular line.
Step 4:
Set the end pointof the
perpendicular line.
Press
and select [Cross].
Move the marker
using .
Press .
Move the marker
using .
Press .
A dashed lineperpendicular to theline connecting thefirst point and thesecond point isdisplayed.
Adjust the positionand length of theperpendicular line
using .
Press .
Adjust the endpoint position ofthe perpendicular
line using .
Press .
A
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
28/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-9
Step 1:
Start modification.
Step 2:
Select the markerto be modified.
Step 3:
Move the markerto the desired
position.
Step 4:
Finishmodification.
Press . Place the arrowon the marker tobe modified.
Press .
Move the markerto the desiredposition using
.
Press .
To move another
marker, repeat the
same procedurefor the othermarker.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
29/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-10
2.5 Volume Measurement (Volume)
The volume is measured using elliptical approximation with three axes set.
Volume : Volume A 999.9 (cm3) Axis : Dist1 A 999.9 (mm)
Axis : Dist2 A 999.9 (mm)
Axis : Dist3 A 999.9 (mm)
Step 1:
Set the first and secondlines.
Step 2:
A perpendicular planeis displayed.
Step 3:
Set the third line on theperpendicular plane.
Select .
Follow the sameprocedure as fordistance measurement(Distance) to set thesecond line.
A
A
A cross-sectional plane
perpendicular to theplane on which step 1has been performed isdisplayed.
Select again.
Follow the same
procedure as fordistance measurement(Distance).
A
Press .
* In volume measurement, the measurement values are not cleared (even if the imageis unfrozen) until measurement of the three axes is completed.
However, the values are cleared if is pressed or Exam Review mode is entered.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
30/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-11
2.6 Joint Measurement
The angles between the base line and two lines (angles and ) are measured.
Angle between the base line and the first line : Alpha A 999 (deg)
Angle between the base line and the second line : Beta A 999 (deg)
Step 1:
Set the first marker.
Step 2:
Move the secondmarker.
Step 3:
Set the secondmarker.
Select .
Move the marker using
.
Rotate the marker
using to adjust
the angle.
Press .
The second line isdisplayed with a centermarker.
Move the second
marker using .
Rotate the marker
using .
Press .
The second linechenges to a dottedline and the third line isdisplayed with a centermarker.
Move the third marker
using .
Rotate the marker
using .
Press .
AA
A
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
31/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-12
2.7 MeanIMT Measurement
Three distance measurements are performed and the mean value is calculated.
This method is intended to measure the thickness of the intima-media complex of thecarotid artery.
Mean : MeanIMT A 999.9 (mm) Distance 1 : Dist1 A 999.9 (mm)
Distance 2 : Dist2 A 999.9 (mm)
Distance 3 : Dist3 A 999.9 (mm)
NOTE: Result display for IMT measurement
1. When "Double Digits" is selected for Thickness (IMT) Precision in thepreset menu, the IMT measurement value is displayed to two decimalplaces.Depending on the characteristics of the image, however, it may not bepossible to obtain an accurate value to two decimal places. Use themeasurement and calculation values displayed to two decimal places onlyfor reference.
2. If "Double Digits" is selected, a single quotation mark (') is added to themeasurement values displayed on the screen and the calculation resultsobtained based on the measurement values.
Limitations: Although markers can be moved in steps of 1 pixel on thescreen, this does not correspond to an indicated value changeof 0.01 due to the resolution of ultrasound images. Theindicated value changes in increments of greater than 0.01 asa mark is moved.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
32/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-13
Step 1:
Set the first distance.
Step 2:
Set the second andthird distances.
Step 3:
Determine themeasurement results.
Select .
Move the marker using
.
* One graduation on thehorizontal axis represents5 mm.
Rotate the marker to
the desired angle using
.
Press to set the
upper marker position.
Move the lower marker
using and then
press .
Press to display
the next marker.
Set the second andthird distances using
the same procedure asfor the first distance.
* The second and thirdmarkers are displayed ata position 1 cm to theright or left of the firstmarker.
When themeasurement for thethird position iscompleted, the meanvalue of the threemeasurements isdisplayed.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
33/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-14
2.8 %Stenosis (Distance) Measurement
The stenosis ratio (%Stenosis) is calculated based on two distance measurementsusing the formulas below.
If Dist1 > Dist2
1/)21(% DistDistDistDistS
If Dist1 < Dist2
2/)12(% DistDistDistDistS
2)1(4/ DistAreal 2)2(4/2 DistArea
If Dist1 > Dist2
1/)21(% AreaAreaAreaAreaS
If Dist1 < Dist22/)12(% AreaAreaAreaAreaS
%Stenosis : %S Dist A 99.9 (%) Distance : Dist1 A 999.9 (mm)
Distance : Dist2 A 999.9 (mm)
%Stenosis : %S Area A 99.9 (%) Area : Area1 A 9999.9 (mm )
Area : Area2 A 9999.9 (mm )
Press and then perform measurement.
Refer to subsection 2.1 "Distance Measurement (Distance)" for the measurementprocedure.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
34/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
2-15
2.9 %Stenosis (Area) Measurement
Measure Lumen (luminal area) and then Residual (residual luminal area). In Lumenmeasurement, the area is measured using elliptical approximation. In Residualmeasurement, the area is measured using the Continuous Trace method of manualtracing.
The stenosis ratio (%Stenosis) is calculated based on these two area measurementsusing the formula below.
If the residual area is larger than the luminal area (which is impossible in actual clinicalexaminations), the result is displayed as a negative value.
ALumen/A)ResidualA(LumenAArea%S
%Stenosis : %S Area A 99.9 (%) Luminal area : Lumen A 999.9 (mm2)
Residual luminal area : Residual A 999.9 (mm )
Step 1:
Measure the lumen(maximum area).
Step 2:
Display the marker forresidual luminal area
measurement.
Step 3:
Measure the residualluminal area
(minimum area).
Select .
Follow the same
procedure for Ellipse inarea/circumferencemeasurement (Area) tomeasure the lumen(maximum area).
Press to display
the marker for residualluminal area (minimumarea) measurement.
Follow the sameprocedure as forContinuous Trace for
area/circumferencemeasurement (Area) tomeasure the residualluminal area (minimumarea).
Press to set the
residual luminal area(minimum area).The %Stenosis (Area)value is displayed.
*
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
35/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
3-1
3. M-mode Measurements
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
36/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
3-2
3.1 M-Mode Distance Measurement (Distance)
The distance between two points is measured on the M-mode image.
Distance : Dist A 9999.9 (mm)
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Move the end point.
Step 3:
Set the end point.
Select .
Move the intersectionpoint of the marker
using .
Press .
Move the intersectionpoint of the marker
using .
Press .
A
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
37/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
3-3
3.2 Slope Measurement (Slope)
The slope of the line between two points is measured.
Slope =(Distance)
(Time)
Slope : Slope 999.9 (mm/s) Time : Time A 9.999 (sec)
Distance : Dist A 999.9 (mm)
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Move the end point.
Step 3:
Set the end point.
Select .
Move the intersection
point of the marker
using .
Press .
Move the intersectionpoint of the marker
using .
Press .
A
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
38/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
3-4
3.3 Time Measurement (Time)
The time between two points is measured.
Time : Time A 9.999 (sec)
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Move the end point.
Step 3:
Set the end point.
Select .
Move the marker using.
Press .
Move the marker using
. Press .
A A
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
39/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
3-5
3.4 Heart Rate Measurement (HR)
The heart rate (bpm) is calculated based on the heartbeats displayed on the monitor.
Heart rate : HR 999 (bpm) Number of beats : Beat A 9
Time : Time A 9.999 (sec)
Step 1:
Set the value for Beat.
Step 2:
Set the start point.
Step 3:
Set the end point.
Select .
Rotate under
to set the
value for Beat. Set thevalue according to thenumber of heartbeats inthe range to bemeasured.
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Move the marker using
.
Press .
A A
*
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
40/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-1
4. Doppler-Mode Measurements
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
41/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-2
4.1 Velocity Measurement (Velocity)
The velocity is measured on the Doppler-mode image.
Velocity : Vel 999.9 (cm/s)
Velocity : Vel A 999.9 (cm/s) Pressure gradient : PG A 999.9 (mmHg)
Step 1:Set the measurement point.
Step 2:Set the measurement.
Select .
Move the intersection point
of the marker using .
Press .
A
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
42/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-3
4.2 Acceleration Measurement (Accel)
The velocity slope (acceleration) between two points is measured on the Doppler-modeimage.
The result display differs depending on the items selected in Application Type.
Acceleration : Accel A 999.9 (cm/s2) Time : Time A 9.999 (sec)
Velocity : Vel1 A 999.9 (cm/s)
Velocity : Vel2 A 999.9 (cm/s)
Acceleration : Accel A 999.9 (cm/s2) Time : Time A 9.999 (sec)Velocity : Vel1 A 999.9 (cm/s) Pressure gradient : PG1 A 999.9 (mmHg)
Velocity : Vel2 A 999.9 (cm/s) Pressure gradient : PG2 A 999.9 (mmHg)
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Move the end point.
Step 3:
Set the end point.
Select .
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Move the marker using
. Press .
A
"Accel" is displayed for thevelocity in the directionaway from the baseline."Decel" is displayed for thevelocity in the direction
toward the baseline.
4.3 Time Measurement (Time)
The measurement procedure is the same as for M-mode time measurement.
Refer to subsection 3.3 "Time Measurement (Time)".
4.4 Heart Rate Measurement (HR)
The measurement procedure is the same as for M-mode heart rate measurement.Refer to subsection 3.4 "Heart Rate Measurement (HR)".
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
43/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-4
4.5 Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)
The velocity and other items are measured by tracing the Doppler waveform.
The trace method can be changed using the dial provided under .
Trace method Description
Continuous Trace The user traces the Doppler waveform freehand from thespecified start point to the end point using the trackball.
Spline Trace The Doppler waveform within the specified range is traced byinterpolating three or more user-specified point using a splinecurve.
Line Trace The user traces the Doppler waveform using straight line
segments.Range The Doppler waveform in the specified range is traced
automatically.
Trace method Description
Continuous Trace The user traces the Doppler waveform freehand from thespecified start point to the end point using the trackball.
Spline Trace The Doppler waveform within the specified range is traced by
interpolating three or more user-specified points using aspline curve.
Line Trace The user traces the Doppler waveform using straight linesegments.
Range The Doppler waveform in the specified range is tracedautomatically.
Auto Range The Doppler waveform is automatically traced by recognizingthe number of heartbeats without specifying the range.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
44/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-5
4.5.1 Continuous Trace
The user traces the Doppler waveform freehand from the specified start point to the end
point using .
The result display differs depending on the items selected in Application Type.
Maximum velocity : Vmax A 999.9 (cm/s) PI : PI A 99.99*1
Minimum velocity : Vmin A 999.9 (cm/s) RI : RI A 99.99*2
Velocity at end diastole : Ved A 999.9 (cm/s) S/D : S/D A 99.99
Mean velocity : Vm A 999.9 (cm/s)
*1: Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating PI can be preset.
eakVmin)/Vm_p(VmaxPI
peakVmVedVmaxPI _/)(
*2: Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating RI can be preset.
Vmin)/Vmax(VmaxRI
Ved)/Vmax(VmaxRI
Velocity Time Integral : VTI A 999.9 (cm)
Peak velocity : VP A 999.9 (cm/s)
Mean velocity : VM A 999.9 (cm/s)
Peak pressure gradient : PPG A 999.9 (mmHg)
Mean pressure gradient : MPG A 999.9 (mmHg)
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
45/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-6
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Trace the Dopplerwaveform.
Step 3:
Set the trace.
Press and
select [ContinuousTrace].
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Trace the Dopplerwaveform using .
Press .
During tracing, the trace can be modified by rotating or .
The trace is deleted.
The deleted portion ofthe trace is restored.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
46/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-7
4.5.2 Spline Trace
The Doppler waveform is traced by setting at least three points, including the start andend points, and connecting them with a spline curve.
Same as described in subsection 4.5.1 "Continuous Trace".
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Trace the Dopplerwaveform.
Step 3:
Set the trace.
Press and
select [Spline Trace].
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Move the marker forthe second point using
.
Press .
Repeat the aboveprocedure to setmultiple points.
Press twice at
the same point.
During tracing, the trace can be modified by rotating or .
The trace is deleted.
The deleted portion ofthe trace is restored.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
47/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-8
4.5.3 Line Trace
The Doppler waveform is traced by setting at least three points, including the start andend points, and connecting them with line segments.
Same as described in subsection 4.5.1 "Continuous Trace".
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Trace the Dopplerwaveform.
Step 3:
Set the trace.
Press and
select [Line Trace].
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Move the marker forthe second point using
.
Press .
Repeat the aboveprocedure to setmultiple points.
Press twice at
the same point.
During tracing, the trace can be modified by rotating or .
The trace is deleted.
The deleted portion ofthe trace is restored.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
48/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-9
4.5.4 Range
The Doppler waveform in the specified range is traced automatically.
The result display differs depending on the items selected in Application Type.
Maximum velocity : Vmax A 999.9 (cm/s)
Minimum velocity : Vmin A 999.9 (cm/s)
Velocity at end diastole : Ved A 999.9 (cm/s)
Mean velocity for peak trace : Vm_peak A 999.9 (cm/s)
Mean velocity for mean trace : Vm_mean A 999.9 (cm/s)
PI : PI A 99.99
RI : RI A 99.99
S/D : S/D A 99.99
*1: Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating PI can be preset.
peakVmVminVmaxPI _/)(
peakVmVedVmaxPI _/)(
*2: Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating RI can be preset.
VmaxVminVmaxRI /)(
Vmax/)Vmax( VedRI
Velocity Time Integral : VTI A 999.9 (cm)
Peak velocity : VP A 999.9 (cm/s)
Mean velocity : VM A 999.9 (cm/s)
Peak pressure gradient : PPG A 999.9 (mmHg)
Mean pressure gradient : MPG A 999.9 (mmHg)
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
49/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-10
When [Range] is selected, the following switches for setting parameters are displayed.
Use these switches during measurement as required.
Step 1:
Set the start point.
Step 2:
Perform auto-tracing.
Step 3:
Adjust the trace line.
Press and
select [Range].
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Move the marker using
.
Press .
Auto-tracing is performed.
Adjust the trace line asrequired using theparameter switches.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
50/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-11
4.5.5 Auto Range
The Doppler waveform for the specified number of heartbeats is traced automaticallywithout specifying the range.
Maximum velocity : Vmax A 999.9 (cm/s)
Minimum velocity : Vmin A 999.9 (cm/s)
Velocity at end diastole : Ved A 999.9 (cm/s)
Mean velocity for peak trace : Vm_peak A 999.9 (cm/s)
Mean velocity for mean trace : Vm_mean A 999.9 (cm/s)
PI : PI A 99.99
RI : RI A 99.99
S/D : S/D A 99.99
*1: Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating PI can be preset.
peakVmVminVmaxPI _/)(
peakVmVedVmaxPI _/)(
*2: Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating RI can be preset.
VmaxVminVmaxRI /)(
VmaxVedVmaxRI /)(
The number of waveforms to be recognized is 1 to 8.
If the number of waveforms specified is greater than that displayed on the monitorwhen [Auto Range] is started, the maximum number of available waveforms isrecognized.
If the number of heartbeats is set to "8" on the touch panel, but only five waveformsare displayed on the screen, the range of auto-tracing is automatically set to the fiveheartbeats.
When the number of heartbeats is changed by rotating , the value set in [Beat]
on the touch panel is updated accordingly.
The number of heartbeats last set is saved for each application preset.The saved number of heartbeats is used the next time Auto Range measurement isstarted.
If no waveform is recognized, the screen displays a marker for the trace start point asin Range measurement.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
51/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-12
4.6 PI Measurement (PI Trace)
The PI and other items are measured by tracing the Doppler waveform.
Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating PI can be preset.
eakVmin)/Vm_p-(Vmax=PI
akVed)/Vm_pe-(Vmax=PI
PI : PI A 9.99
Maximum velocity : Vmax A 999.9 (cm/s)
Minimum velocity : Vmin A 999.9 (cm/s)
Velocity at end diastole : Ved A 999.9 (cm/s)
Mean velocity : Vm A 999.9 (cm/s) *1
*1: When "Range" (auto trace) is selected, the mean velocity is displayed in thefollowing format.
Vm_peak 999.9 (cm/s)
The measurement procedure is the same as for velocity trace measurement (Vel Trace).
Refer to subsection 4.5 "Velocity Trace Measurement (Vel Trace)".
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
52/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-13
4.7 RI Measurement
RI is calculated by measuring the velocity at two points.
Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating RI can be preset.
Vmin)/Vmax-(Vmax=RI
Ved)/Vmax-(Vmax=RI
The result display differs depending on the items selected in the preset.
RI : RI A 9.99
Maximum velocity : Vmax A 999.9 (cm/s)
Minimum velocity : Vmin A 999.9 (cm/s)
RI : RI A 9.99
Maximum velocity : Vmax A 999.9 (cm/s)
Velocity at end diastole : Ved A 999.9 (cm/s)
Step 1:Set the maximumvelocity point.
Step 2:Set the minimumvelocity point.
Step 3:Set the trace.
Select .
Move the marker to the
maximum velocity point
using .
Press .
Move the marker to theminimum velocity point
using .
Press .
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
53/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-14
4.8 S/D Measurement
S/D is calculated by measuring the velocity at two points.
Vmax/VedS/D
S/D : S/D A 9.99
Maximum velocity : Vmax A 999.9 (cm/s)
Velocity at end diastole : Ved A 999.9 (cm/s)
Step 1:
Set the maximumvelocity point.
Step 2:
Set the end-diastolicvelocity point.
Step 3:
Set the trace.
Select .
Move the marker to themaximum velocity point
using .
Press .
Move the marker to theend-diastolic velocity
point using .
Press .
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
54/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-15
4.9 Flow Volume Trace Measurement (Flow Volume)
The flow velocity is measured by tracing the Doppler waveform in Doppler mode, andthe elliptical area is obtained by measuring the lengths of the major axis and minor axisof the vessel in 2D mode. Based on these measurement results, the flow volume iscalculated.
The following trace methods are provided. Each time is pressed, the trace
method is switched.
The default trace method can be changed in the preset.
The calculation formulas can also be selected in the preset.
Switch on the touch panel Trace method
Flow Vol. Vel Trace The user traces the Doppler waveform freehand from the
specified start point to the end point using the trackball.Flow Vol. Auto Trace The Doppler waveform in the specified range is traced
automatically.
Flow Vol. Auto Range The Doppler waveform in the recognized range is tracedautomatically.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
55/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-16
The result display differs depending on the items selected in Application Type.
Flow volume : Flow Vol A 9.99(L/min) *1Maximum velocity : Vmax A 999.9 (cm/s)
Minimum velocity : Vmin A 999.9 (cm/s)
Velocity at end diastole : Ved A 999.9 (cm/s)
Mean velocity for peak trace : Vm_peak A 999.9 (cm/s) *5
Mean velocity for mean trace : Vm_mean A 999.9 (cm/s) *5
Time-mean velocity : Vm A 999.9 (cm/s) *6
PI : PI A 9.99 *2
RI : RI A 9.99 *3
S/V : S/D A 9.99 *4
Elliptical area : Area A 99.9 (mm2)
Length of the major axis of the vessel : Dist1 A 99.9 (mm)Length of the minor axis of the vessel : Dist2 A 99.9 (mm)
*1: Either of the following two methods can be preset to calculate the flow volume.The trace for the item (Vm_peak or Vm_mean) to be used for calculating the flowvolume is displayed in light blue.The trace for the item not used for calculation is displayed in dark blue.
1000/100/)(min)/(60)/(_min)/( 2mmAreasscmpeakVmLVolFlow
1000/100/)(min)/(60)/(_min)/( 2mmAreasscmmeanVmLVolFlow
*2: Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating PI can be preset.
eakVmin)/Vm_p(VmaxPI
akVed)/Vm_pe(VmaxPI
*3: Whether Vmin or Ved is used for calculating RI can be preset.
Vmin)/Vmax(VmaxRI
Ved)/Vmax(VmaxRI
*4: S/D calculation formula
Vmax/VedS/D
*5: This item is measured and displayed when Auto Trace or Auto Range is selectedas the trace method.
*6: This item is measured and displayed when Vel Trace is selected as the tracemethod.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
56/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
4-17
Stroke volume : SV A 99.9 (mL)
Heart rate : HR A 999 (bpm)
Cardiac output : CO A 9.99 (L/min)
Velocity Time Integral : VTI 999.9 (cm/s)Peak velocity : VP A 999.9 (cm/s)
Peak pressure gradient : PPG A 999.9 (mmHg)
Mean pressure gradient : MPG A 999.9 (mmHg)
Elliptical area : Area A 999.9 (mm )
Length of the major axis of the vessel : Dist1 A 99.9 (mm)
Length of the minor axis of the vessel : Dist2 A 99.9 (mm)
* When the ECG unit is used, the heart rate is displayed automatically when the flowvolume measurement is determined.
Step 1:
Select the velocitytracing method.
Step 2:
Perform tracing using theselected method.
Step 3:
Perform measurementfor the luminal area(elliptical areameasurement).
Press to
select the method.
Perform tracing usingthe selected method.
Performmeasurement for theluminal area (ellipticalarea measurement).Refer to subsection2.4.3 "Ellipse".
(a) Perform freehandtracing. (a) Press and
perform tracing
using .
Refer to subsection4.5.1 "ContinuousTrace".
(b) Perform automatictracing. (b) Press to
specify the range.Refer to subsection4.5.4 "Range".
(c) Perform automatictracing using theAuto Rangefunction.
* This is availableonly whenApplication Typeis Heart1, Heart2,or Heart3.
(c) Press to
perform automatictracing for thewaveform of thespecified cardiaccycle.Refer to subsection4.5.5 "Auto Range"
*
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
57/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-1
5. Application Measurement(Cardiac)
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Starting the application measurement menu
Select Adult Heart on the Patient Registration screen or select one of Heart 1 to Heart 3
in the Application preset menu. Then press . The menu for application
measurement is displayed on the touch panel. Press the switch for the desiredmeasurement.
The application measurement menu that is displayed when is pressed differs
according to the preset. The measurement marker settings can also be changed by
presetting.
5.1.2 Heart rate acquisition methods (Cardiac)
The heart rate is measured during LV measurement, aortic valve measurement, mitralvalve measurement, and pulmonary valve measurement. The heart rate can beobtained by the following three methods.
(1) Acquiring the heart rate automatically from the ECG
When the optional ECG unit is used and measurement is performed for an item inwhich the heart rate is required, the heart rate is displayed automatically.
(2) Calculating the heart rate based on the Range measurement result (in M mode andDoppler mode)
Refer to the section describing heart rate measurement in the basic measurements(M mode/Doppler mode).
(3) Entering the heart rate manually
Enter the heart rate value.
Select .
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
58/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-2
NOTE: 1. In dual-display mode, the heart rate for the most recently frozen image isdisplayed. For example, if the image on the left was frozen most recently,the heart rate for that image is also displayed on the image on the right.
2. When a patient with an unstable heart rate, such as a patient with atrial
fibrillation, is to be examined, enter a heart rate using the Manual Inputdialog box.
3. The heart rate value displayed on the 2D (including Color) + PW/CWscreen is the heart rate obtained at the time the PW/CW image is stopped.
For example, when the PW/CW image is stopped by pressing and
the 2D image is then frozen, the displayed heart rate value is the heart rateat the time the PW/CW image was stopped, not at the time the Freezeswitch was pressed.
4. Confirm that the ECG waveform is displayed correctly. If the ECGwaveform is not displayed correctly, an incorrect heart rate value may bedisplayed due to noise.
5. When an ECG is not used, turn OFF the ECG monitor. Otherwise, anincorrect heart rate value may be displayed due to noise from the ECGmonitor.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
59/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-3
5.2 2D-Mode Measurements (Cardiac)
5.2.1 LV measurement (MOD Simpson method)/LA measurement (MODSimpson method)/LA measurement (3-Axis method)
LV measurement (MOD Simpson method)
The endocardial contour of the left ventricle (LV) is traced on the apical long-axiscross-sectional images (two-chamber view and four-chamber view) acquired in 2Dmode and the left ventricular long axis is specified. The LV volume is then calculatedas the sum of the volumes of 20 elliptical disks perpendicular to the LV long axis.LV volume calculation is also possible using only a two-chamber or four-chambercross-sectional image. In this case, the LV volume is calculated as a sum of thevolumes of 20 circular disks set on the corresponding image.
Switch Item to be measured Result display
2ch Diast Tracing of the end-diastolic LV endocardial contour on
the two-chamber cross-sectional image and setting of theLV long-axis position
LVAd2 (cm2)
LVLd2 (mm)EDV2 (mL)
2ch Syst Tracing of the end-systolic LV endocardial contour on thetwo-chamber cross-sectional image and setting of the LVlong-axis position
LVAs2 (cm2)
LVLs2 (mm)
ESV2 (mL)
4ch Diast Tracing of the end-diastolic LV endocardial contour onthe four-chamber cross-sectional image and setting of theLV long-axis position
LVAd4 (cm2)
LVLd4 (mm)
EDV4 (mL)
4ch Syst Tracing of the end-systolic LV endocardial contour on thefour-chamber cross-sectional image and setting of the LVlong-axis position
LVAs4 (cm2)
LVLs4 (mm)
ESV4 (mL)
HR Heart rate HR (bpm)
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
60/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-4
Item name Calculation formula Calculation output Unit
EDV
1000
1
204
20
)( 1i
4i2i DistanceDistanceLVLd
LVLd : The LV long-axis length at enddiastole in the two-chamber or four-chamber view (whichever is longer)
Distance2i : Disk diameter in the two-chamberview
Distance4i : Disk diameter in the four-chamberview
LV volume at enddiastole
(mL)
ESV
1000
1
204
20
)( 1i
4i2i DistanceDistance
LVLs
LVLs : The LV long-axis length at endsystole in the two-chamber or four-
chamber view (whichever is longer)Distance2i : Disk diameter in the two-chamber
view
Distance4i : Disk diameter in the four-chamberview
LV volume at endsystole
(mL)
SV ESVEDV Stroke volume (mL)
CO1000
1 SVHR Cardiac output (L/min)
EF )/(100 EDVSV Ejection fraction (%)
SI BSASV/ SV index (mL/m2)
CI BSACO/ CO index (L/min/m2
)SV4 44 ESVEDV (mL)
CO41000
14 SVHR (L/min)
EF4 )4/4(100 EDVSV (%)
SI4 BSASV /4 (mL/m2)
CI4 BSACO /4 (L/min/m2)
SV2 22 ESVEDV (mL)
C02
1000
12 SVHR (L/min)
EF2 )2/2(100 EDVSV (%)
SI2 BSASV /2 (mL/m2)
CI2 BSACO /2 (L/min/m2)
LVLd Diff2
)24(100
LVLd
LVLdLVLd Difference in LVlong-axis lengthat end diastole
(%)
LVLs Diff2
)24(100
LVLs
LVLsLVLs Difference in LVlong-axis lengthat end systole
(%)
BSA Refer to the Operation Manual volume. Body surfacearea (m2
)
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
61/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-5
The LA volume can be measured using one of the following two types ofmeasurement.
LA measurement (MOD Simpson method)
The endocardial contour of the left atrium (LA) is traced on the apical long-axis cross-
sectional images (two-chamber view and four-chamber view) acquired in 2D modeand the left atrial long axis is specified. The LA volume is then calculated as the sumof the volumes of 20 elliptical disks perpendicular to the LA long axis.
LA volume calculation is also possible using only a two-chamber or four-chambercross-sectional image. In this case, the LA volume is calculated as a sum of thevolumes of 20 circular disks set on the corresponding image.
LA measurement (3-Axis method)
The LA volume is calculated by measuring the width and length of the left atrium onthe apical long-axis cross-sectional image (four-chamber view) that is acquired in 2Dmode and measuring the depth of the left atrium on the left-ventricular long-axisimage.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
62/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-6
Switch Item to be measured Result display
LA 4ch Tracing of the LA endocardial contour on thefour-chamber cross-sectional image and setting of the LA
long-axis position
LAa4 (cm2)
LAd4 (mm)
LAV4 (mL)LA 2ch Tracing of the LA endocardial contour on the
two-chamber cross-sectional image and setting of the LAlong-axis position
LAa2 (cm2)
LAd2 (mm)
LAV2 (mL)
LA W Measurement of the width of the left atrium LA W (mm)
LA H Measurement of the length of the left atrium LA H (mm)
LA D Measurement of the depth of the left atrium LA D (mm)
Item name Calculation formula Calculation output Unit
LAV1000
4)Distance(Distance
DiskCount
LAL
DisCount
1=i
4i2i
LAL : The LA long-axis length in the two-chamber or four-chamber view(whichever is longer)
DiskCount : Number of segments for long-axislength (20)
Distance2i : Disk diameter in the two-chamberview
Distance4i : Disk diameter in the four-chamberview
LA volume (mL)
LAVI LAV / BSA LAV index (mL/m2)
LAVI2 LAV2 / BSA 2ch viewLAV index
(mL/m2)
LAVI4 LAV4 / BSA 4ch viewLAV index
(mL/m2)
LAV (AL)*1 8/3/* LAa4 * LAa2 / (L/10)
L: LAd4 or LAd2 (whichever is shorter)
LV volume
(Area-Lengthmethod)
(mL)
LAVI (AL)*1 LAV (AL) / BSA LAV (AL)
Index
(mL/m2)
LA_Vol / 6 * LA W * LA H * LA D / 1000 LA volume (mL)
LA_VI LA_Vol / BSA LA volume index (mL/m2)
*1: When LA Volume calculation is performed using the Simpson method, calculationusing the Area-Length method is also performed. The calculation result obtainedusing the Area-Length method is displayed on the Worksheet screen only.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
63/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-7
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
64/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-8
* An example of LV measurement (MOD Simpson method) is provided below. For LAmeasurement (MOD Simpson method), trace the endocardium of the left atrium inthe same manner.
(1) Display the end-diastolic four-chamber cross-sectional image.
(2) Press .
(3) Display the page of the application measurement menu.
(4) Press .
(5) Follow steps (a) to (f) to measure the LV volume.
(a) Move the marker to the start point of the LVendocardial contour on the apical long-axis
cross-sectional image, and press .
(b) Trace the endocardial contour using .
(c) Press to complete tracing.
The LV long axis (which starts from the
midpoint of the line connecting the start andend points) and the lines dividing the LVlong axis into 20 segments are displayed.
(d) Adjust the LV long-axis end point (apex)position.
(e) Press . The LV long axis and the segmentation lines are set. The LV
volume is calculated as the sum of the volumes of 20 circular disksperpendicular to the LV long axis.
(f) The segmentation lines are deleted when is operated.
Example of continuous tracingSpline tracing (by setting pointsalong the endocardial contour)is also possible.
The end point can be movedusing the trackball.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
65/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-9
(6) Press to enter cine mode.
* The color of at the bottom right of the monitor changes to blue.
(7) Operate on the cine screen to display the end-systolic four-chamber cross-
sectional image.
(8) Press .
(9) Repeat steps (a) to (f) in (5) to calculate the LVvolume on the end-systolic four-chamber cross-sectional image.
(10) Display the end-diastolic two-chamber cross-sectional image.
(11) Press .
(12) Repeat steps (a) to (f) in (5) to measure the LVvolume on the end-diastolic two-chamber cross-sectional image.
(13) Press to enter cine mode.
(14) Operate on the cine screen to display the end-systolic two-chamber cross-
sectional image.
(15) Press .
(16) Repeat steps (a) to (f) in (5) to measure the LVvolume on the end-systolic two-chamber cross-sectional image.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
66/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-10
(17) Based on the end-diastolic four-chamber and two-chamber cross-sectional imagesand the end-systolic four-chamber and two-chamber cross-sectional images, theLV volumes at end diastole and end systole are displayed as the sum of theelliptical disks.
(18) Perform measurement for LA in the same manner as for LV.
NOTE: 1. The LV endocardium tracing method can be preset as Continuous orSpline Trace.
2. It is possible to preset whether or not the measurement marker remainsdisplayed on the images during frame-advance playback in cine mode.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
67/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-11
5.2.2 LV measurement (Teichholz method)
Switch Item to be measured Result display
Diastole RVD Right ventricular diameter RVD (mm)IVSTd Interventricular septal thickness at end
diastoleIVSTd (mm)
LVIDd LV short-axis diameter at end diastole LVIDd (mm)
LVPWTd LV posterior wall thickness at end diastole LVPWTd (mm)
Systole IVSTs Interventricular septal thickness at endsystole
IVSTs (mm)
LVIDs LV short-axis diameter at end systole LVIDs (mm)
LVPWTs LV posterior wall thickness at end systole LVPWTs (mm)
HR Heart rate HR (bpm)
Item name Calculation formula Calculation output Unit
EDV 1000/7 3LVIDd / 10/4.2 LVIDd LV volume at enddiastole
mL
ESV 1000/7 3LVIDs / 10/4.2 LVIDs LV volume at endsystole
mL
SV ESVEDV Stroke volume mL
CO 10001 SVHR Cardiac output L/min
EF EDVSV/100 Ejection fraction %
FS LVIDdLVIDsLVIDd /)(100 Fractionalshortening
%
SI BSASV/ SV index mL/m2
CI BSACO/ CO index L/min/m2
BSA Refer to the Operation Manual volume.
Body surfacearea
m2
LV MASSd
(ASE-Cube)
1000/04.1 33 LVIDdLVPWTdIVSTdLVIDd
LV myocardial
mass at enddiastole
g
LV MASSd(Penn-Cube)
1000/04.1 33 LVIDdLVPWTdIVSTdLVIDd6.13
LV myocardialmass at enddiastole
g
LV MASSd(Teichholz)
10/10/10/4.2
)10/)((0.704.1
3
LVPWTdLVIDdIVSTd
LVPWTdLVIDdIVSTd
10/4.2
)10/(0.7 3
LVIDd
LVIDd
LV myocardialmass at enddiastole
g
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
68/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-12
Item name Calculation formula Calculation output Unit
LV MASSd(AV-Cube)
LVIDdLVPWTdIVSTdLVIDd1.040.8 33 [ 0.6]1000/
LV myocardialmass at enddiastole
g
LV MASSs(ASE-Cube)
1000/04.1 33 LVIDsLVPWTsIVSTsLVIDs LV myocardial
mass at endsystole
g
LV MASSs(Penn-Cube)
1000/04.1 33 LVIDsLVPWTsIVSTsLVIDs 6.13
LV myocardialmass at endsystole
g
LV MASSs(Teichholz)
10/10/10/4.2
)10/)((0.704.1
3
LVPWTsLVIDsIVSTs
LVPWTsLVIDsIVSTs
10/4.2
)10/(0.7 3
LVIDs
LVIDs
LV myocardialmass at endsystole
g
LV MASSs(AV-Cube) 04.1[8.0 33
LVIDsLVPWTsIVSTsLVIDs 6.0]1000/
LV myocardialmass at endsystole
g
LV MASSdIndex
BSAMASSdLV / LV mass index atend diastole
g/m2
LV MASSsIndex
BSAMASSsLV / LV mass index atend systole
g/m2
* The calculation methods for LV MASSd and LV MASSs can be selected and presetfrom among ASE-Cube, Penn-Cube, Teichholz, and AV-Cube.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
69/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-13
[LV Teich.]
* The other method (Cube or Gibson) can be selected as follows.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
70/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-14
(1) Display the end-diastolic LV cross-sectional image.
(2) Press .
(3) Press in the application measurement menu.
(4) Press .
(5) Rotate the measurement marker using .
(6) Perform measurement in parallel using the 2D-mode distance measurementprocedure.
* Either 4-segment (RVD-LVPWTd) or 3-segment (IVSTd-LVPWTd) can be set.
RVD
IVSTd
LVIDd
LVPWTd
Diastole
(7) Display the end-systolic LV cross-sectional image.
(8) Press .
(9) Rotate the measurement marker using .
(10) Perform measurement in parallel using the 2D-mode distance measurementprocedure.
LVIDs
LVPWTs
IVSTs
Systole
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
71/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-15
NOTE: 1. Functions of the switch
The LV measurement items set in a measurement sequence can be
started sequentially each time is pressed, without pressing the
corresponding measurement switch on the touch panel.
The measurement items to be started up differ depending on the preset(Type 1/Type 2). In addition, the measurement item to be started up next
by pressing differs depending the measurement item that is
selected first.
Preset type Type 1 Type 2Default
selectionswitch
[Diastole] [RVD] [Diastole] [RVD] [LVIDd]
[Systole]
[IVSTd]
[LVIDd]
[LVPWTd]
[IVSTs]
[LVIDs]
[LVPWTs]
[LVIDs]
[IVSTd]
[LVIDd]
[LVPWTd]
[LVIDs]
[LVIDs]
2. Default angle of the measurement marker
The angle of the measurement marker that is displayed when
is pressed can be preset.
3. Parallel measurement items for Diastole
The segments that are measured in parallel after is
pressed can be preset.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
72/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-16
5.2.3 LV measurement (Cube method)
By pressing on the touch panel, the LV measurement method can be
changed from LV measurement (Teichholz) to LV measurement (Cube). It is alsopossible to set LV measurement (Cube) as the default in the presets.
The measurement items, calculation items, and measurement procedure (measurementpoints) are the same as for the Teichholz method (described in subsection 5.2.2). Onlythe LV volume calculation formula differs from that used in the Teichholz method.
LV volume at end diastole
3
10
LVIDd
EDV
LV volume at end systole3
10
LVIDsESV
5.2.4 LV measurement (Gibson method)
By pressing on the touch panel, the LV measurement method can be
changed from LV measurement (Teichholz) to LV measurement (Gibson). It is alsopossible to set LV measurement (Gibson) as the default in the presets.
The measurement items, calculation items, and measurement procedure (measurementpositions) are the same as for the Teichholz method (described in subsection 5.2.2).Only the LV volume calculation formula differs from that used in the Teichholz method.
LV volume at end diastole
2
1090.5
1098.052.0
LVIDdLVIDdEDV
LV volume at end systole
2
1018.4
1014.152.0
LVIDsLVIDsESV
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
73/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-17
5.2.5 LV measurement (Single-plane (aka Area-Length) method)
LV measurement (Single-plane (aka Area-Length)) can be preset instead of LVmeasurement (Teichholz).
Switch Item to be measured Result display
LVALd LV long-axis cross-sectional area at end diastole LVALd (cm2)
LVLd LV long-axis length at end diastole LVLd (mm)
LVALs LV long-axis cross-sectional area at end systole LVALs (cm2)
LVLs LV long-axis length at end systole LVLs (mm)
HR Heart rate HR (bpm)
Item name Calculation formula Calculation output Unit
EDV
)10/(
)(
3
8 2
LVLd
LVALd
LV volume at end diastole mL
ESV
)10/(
)(
3
8 2
LVLs
LVALs
LV volume at end systole mL
SV ESVEDV Stroke volume mL
CO 1000/SVHR Cardiac output L/min
EF EDVSV/100 Ejection fraction %
SI BSASV/ SV index mL/m2
CI BSACO/ CO index L/min/m2
BSA Refer to the Operation Manual volume.
Body surface area m2
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
74/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-18
[Diastole]
LVALd (2D-mode areameasurement)
LVLd (2D-mode distancemeasurement)
[Systole]
LVALs (2D-mode areameasurement)
LVLs (2D-mode distancemeasurement)
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
75/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-19
5.2.6 LV measurement (Biplane method)
LV measurement (Biplane) can be preset instead of LV measurement (Teichholz).
Switch Item to be measured Result display
LVALd LV long-axis cross-sectional area at end diastole LVALd (cm2)
LVAMd LV short-axis cross-sectional area at the mitral valve levelat end diastole
LVAMd (cm2)
LVIDd LV short-axis diameter at end diastole LVIDd (mm)
LVALs LV long-axis cross-sectional area at end systole LVALs (cm2)
LVAMs LV short-axis cross-sectional area at the mitral valve levelat end systole
LVAMs (cm2)
LVIDs LV short-axis diameter at end systole LVIDs (mm)
HR Heart rate HR (bpm)
Item name Calculation formula Calculation output Unit
EDV 8
3 10
LVALd LVAMd
LVIDd ( / ) LV volume at end diastole mL
ESV 8
3 10
LVALs LVAMs
LVIDs ( / ) LV volume at end systole mL
SV ESVEDV Stroke volum mL
CO 1000/SVHR Cardiac output L/min
EF EDVSV/100 Ejection fraction %
SI BSASV/ SV index mL/m2
CI BSACO/ CO index L/min/m2
BSA Refer to the Operation Manual volume.
Body surface area m2
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
76/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-20
[LV Biplane]
[Diastole]
LVALd (2D-mode areameasurement) LVAMd (2D-mode area
measurement)
LVIDd (2D-modedistance measurement)
[Systole]
LVALs (2D-mode areameasurement)
LVAMs (2D-mode areameasurement)
LVIDs (2D-mode
distance measurement)
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
77/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-21
5.2.7 LV measurement (Bullet method)
LV measurement (Bullet) can be preset instead of LV measurement (Teichholz).
Switch Item to be measured Result display
LVAMd LV short-axis cross-sectional area at the mitral valve levelat end diastole
LVAMd (cm2)
LVLd LV long-axis length at end diastole LVLd (mm)
LVAMs LV short-axis cross-sectional area at the mitral valve levelat end systole
LVAMs (cm2)
LVLs LV long-axis length at end systole LVLs (mm)
HR Heart rate HR (bpm)
Item name Calculation formula Calculation output Unit
EDV10/
6
5LVLdLVAMd
LV volume at end diastole mL
ESV10/
6
5LVLsLVAMs
LV volume at end systole mL
SV ESVEDV Stroke volume mL
CO 1000/SVHR Cardiac output L/min
EF EDVSV/100 Ejection fraction %
SI BSASV/ SV index mL/m2
CI BSACO/ CO index L/min/m2
BSA Refer to the Operation Manual volume.
Body surface area m2
[LV Bullet]
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
78/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-22
LVLd
[Diastole]
LVAMd
LVLs
[Systole]
LVAMs
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
79/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-23
5.3 M-Mode Measurement (Cardiac)
5.3.1 Aortic valve measurement (Aortic Valve)
Aortic valve measurement is performed on M-mode images.
ET
Ao Diam
LA Diam
AoV Diam
Switch Item to be measured Result display
Ao Diam Aortic diameter Ao Diam (mm)
LA Diam Left atrial diameter LA Diam (mm)
ET Ejection time ET (sec)
AoV Diam Aortic valve diameter AoV Diam (mm)
Item name Calculation formula Result display
LA/AO DiamAoDiamLA / LA/Ao
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
80/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-24
[Aortic Valve]
(1) Press .
(2) Display the page of the application measurement menu.
(3) Press .
(4) Measure the aortic diameter using the M-mode distance measurement procedure.
(5) Press .
(6) Measure the left atrial diameter using the M-mode distance measurementprocedure.
(7) Press .
(8) Measure the aortic valve diameter using the M-mode distance measurementprocedure.
(9) Press .
(10) Measure the ejection time (time during which the aortic valve is open) using theM-mode time measurement procedure.
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
81/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-25
5.3.2 Mitral valve measurement (Mitral Valve)
Mitral valve measurement is performed on M-mode images.
>
DE Amp
CE Amp
CA Amp
EPSS
EF Slope
DE Slope
Switch Item to be measured Result display
EPSS Distance between the E-point and theinterventricular septum
EPSS (mm)
EF Slope Diastolic descent rate of the mitral valve EF Slope (mm/s)
CE Amp E-wave amplitude CE Amp (mm)
CA Amp A-wave amplitude CA Amp (mm)
DE Amp DE-wave amplitude DE Amp (mm)
DE Slope Mitral valve opening rate DE Slope (mm/s)
Item name Calculation formula Result display
CA/CE AMPCEAMPCA / CA/CE
-
7/23/2019 Aplio 400 Operator Manual
82/441
No. 2B771-044EN*D
5-26
[Mitral Valve]
(1) Press .
(2) Display the page of the application measurement menu.
(3) Press .
Measure the distance between the E-point and the interventricular septum usingthe M-mode distance measurement procedure.
(4) Press .
Measure the diastolic descent rate of the mitral valve using the M-mode slopemeasurement procedure.
(5) Press .
Measure the E-wave amplitude using the M-mode distance measurementprocedure.
(6) Press .
Measure the A-wave