api 682 guidelines

5/28/2018 API 682 Guidelines

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Flow Solutions Division

DATE : 07-01-04

REVISION : 0

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This document contains proprietary information which is the property of Flowserve Corporation. This document may not,in whole or in part, be duplicated, disclosed to other than the present recipient, or used for any other purpose without thewritten permission of Flowserve Corporation. This document shall be returned upon request.

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API STANDARD 682SECOND EDITION

APPLICATION GUIDELINES


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API STANDARD 682 SECOND EDITIONDATE : 07-01-04 REVISION : 0

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API STANDARD 682 SECOND EDITION

INTRODUCTION

This Application Guidelines was developed to present pertinent information that is contained in APIStandard 682 - Second Edition in a shortened and more accessible manner. This information relatesto the application and supply of mechanical seals for specified equipment and operating parametersIt includes the Flowserve seal designs recommended to satisfy these application parameters alongwith basic data concerning their operating limitations and support system selection. The topicscovered by these guidelines are listed in the following Table of Contents. For more information oclarification of any information presented, please consult Technical Services.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction / Table of Contents .. Page 2

API Standard 682 - Second Edition Overview .. Page 3

Units of Measure Page 3

Scope of Seal Designs . Page 3

Design Requirement Compliance ...... Page 4

Seal Category Application Window ....... Page 4

Seal Types ..... Page 4

Seal Type A Application Data ... Page 5

Seal Type B Application Data ....... Page 6

Seal Type C Application Data ... Page 7

Special Seal Type B Bellows Assembly Codes ....... Page 8

Seal Arrangements, Designations, and Orientations .. Page 9

Seal Arrangements Chart ...... Page 9

Seal Designation Description Chart ..... Page 10

Seal Orientation Description Chart ... Page 10Arrangement Classification Chart ..... Page 11

Mechanical Seal System Code ....... Page 12

Recommended Flowserve Seal Designs ...Page 13

Seal Application Chart ........ Page 13

Flowserve Seal Application ..... Page 14

Temperature Operating Window Chart .... Page 14

Dynamic Pressure Operating Window Chart ...... Page 15

Rotating Speed Operating Window Chart ....... Page 16

Seal Selection Process .... Page 17

Mechanical Seal Data Sheets . Page 18

Buffer and Barrier Fluid Application Considerations .... Page 18

Typically Applied Seal Types and Features ( Non-Hydrocarbons) .......Page 19Typically Applied Seal Types and Features ( Hydrocarbons) ....Page 20

Piping Plans ....Page 21

Piping System Design, Accessories, & Instrumentation ...Page 21

Reference Piping Plans Typically Applied .....Page 22

Document Identification Requirements .. Page 24

Seal Manufacturer Documentation Requirements ... Page 24

Questions That Might Be Asked ..Page 26


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API STANDARD 682 - SECOND EDITION OVERVIEW

API Standard 682-First Edition was introduced in 1994. This API standard was developed by a group o

refinery industry rotating equipment leaders to document the most successful sealing solutions for commonrefinery applications. It quickly became the highest selling API standard on mechanical equipment andquickly became recognized as the global standard for mechanical seals in the refinery industry.

Since its introduction, significant seal technology advancements have occurred and the API 682 Standardhas been applied beyond the original target API 610 pumps and beyond the U.S. market to worldwideapplications. Dual gas seals and dry running containment seals are now commonly used in refineries. APpumps are used in chemical and petrochemical facilities and refineries are using ANSI /ASME pumps fomany general or low-duty services. Though the API 682 Standard has been applied internationally, it waswritten like a US standard in US Customary units and with references only to other US standards.

All of these factors influenced API to recognize the need for keeping the API 682 Standard current withindustry trends and update it to a Second Edition. The goal was to continue with the First Edition

objectives while expanding its application into new industries and capturing new seal technologies. Whilenot intended to cover all rotating equipment in a refinery, API Standard 682 -Second Edition does addressthe following overall parameters which cover about 90% of this equipment.

Shaft Diameters from 0.750 to 4.300 (20 mm to 110 mm ).

Temperatures from -40F to 750F (-40C to 400C).

Pressures up to 615 psi, absolute (0 to 42 bar, absolute).

Fluids including Water, Sour Water, Caustic, Amines, Some Acids, and Most Hydrocarbons.

Equipment including ANSI/ASME B73.1 and B73.2 Pumps with Large Bore Seal Chambers,ISO 3069 Frame C Seal Chambers, and API 610/ISO 13709 Pumps.

UNITS OF MEASURE

API Standard 682 - Second Edition standardizes on metric ( SI) units in preparation for its release as aninternational ISO standard. Since it is necessary to also address the needs of countries and customersusing US Customary units, these unit conversions were also included. Clause Number 5.1 states thaThe purchaser shall specify whether data, drawings, hardware (including fasteners), and equipmensupplied to this standard shall use SI units or US Customary units . Therefore, Second Edition orders wilrequire drawings, fasteners, etc. to be based on whichever units system is specified by the purchaser.Flowserve FSDs policy will be to provide:

Drawings and required documentation in dual (US Customary and SI) units.

User interface hardware (drive collar and setting plate fasteners, etc.) in purchaser specified units.

Other internal fasteners not required for installation in their originally specified units.

SCOPE OF SEAL DESIGNS

API Standard 682 - Second Edition expanded the classification of applicable seal designs to satisfydifferent levels of operating severity, operating windows, design features, and documentationrequirements. This will insure that proper seal configurations are applied to the target hazardousflammable, and/or toxic services where improved reliability is needed to achieve desired equipmentavailability, emissions reductions, and reduced life cycle costs. These seal designs are classified into:

Three seal Categories .

Three seal Types.

Three sealArrangements with options for different configurations and features.


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DESIGN REQUIREMENT COMPLIANCE

API Standard 682-Second Edition establishes Design Requirements that seal assemblies must meet as

they apply to these seal categories, seal types, and seal arrangements and as they apply to specific partdesigns in order to achieve full compliance. These requirements may or may not fall within Flowservesstandard design practices. If these API 682 design requirements are more stringent, then the mechanicaseal should incorporate the API 682 design requirements whenever possible or feasible.

If any of the API 682 design requirements can not be met, then they must be considered as exceptionsThese exceptions may need to be discussed with the purchaser where specified and where appropriate.They will also need to be documented as exceptions to this API 682 Standard when necessary in the seamanufacturer supplied documentation to the purchaser. Applications where temperatures, pressuresand/or sizes fall outside the designated API 682 parameters will require engineering and seal selectionconsiderations outside of the API 682 Standard.

SEAL CATEGORY APPLICATION WINDOW

The three seal Categories begin the separation of seal applications into the different levels of seasophistication that is needed. The target applications, target seal chamber designs, and major operatingparameters for these categories are defined in the following table. The API Standard 682-Second EditionClause Numbers where these parameters are specified are referenced in brackets.

CATEGORY EQUIPMENT AND OPERATING PARAMETERS

PARAMETER CATEGORY 1 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3

TARGET APPLICATIONS Smaller general dutychemical pumps.

Heavy duty services notrequiring all the API 682First Edition features.

Heavy-duty servicesrequiring all the API 682First Edition features for

severe duty applications.SEAL CHAMBER DESIGNS ISO 3069 Type C,

ANSI/ASME B73.1, &ANSI/ASME B73.2(All Enlarged Bore Designs)[ 1.2 ]

ISO 13709[ 1.2 ]

ISO 13709[ 1.2 ]

TEMPERATURE RANGE -40F to 500F( -40C to 260C )[ 1.2 ]

-40F to 750F( -40C to 400C )[ 1.2 ]

-40F to 750F( -40C to 400C )[ 1.2 ]

PRESSURE RANGE Up to 315 psi (22 bar),absolute.[ 1.2 ]

Up to 615 psi (42 bar),absolute.[ 1.2 ]

Up to 615 psi (42 bar),absolute.[ 1.2 ]

SEAL TYPES

The three seal Typesare defined as Type A, Type B, and Type C seals. The seal type defines the seaand describes basic design, feature, and materials of construction for their application. The applicationdata for these three seal types are described in the charts shown on the following pages. The APStandard 682 - Second Edition Clause Numbers are referenced in brackets.


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SEAL TYPE A APPLICATION DATA

Standard Design [ 1.2 ]: Rotating flexible element. [ 6.1.1.2 ]

Multiple springs that rotate with the shaft.

O-ring secondary seals.

The first design to consider when a distributed flush is required.

The preferred design unless there is a technical reason to use the alternate.

Alternate Design [ 1.2 ]: Stationary flexible element. [ 6.1.1.2 ]

Multiple springs that remain stationary with the gland.


Must be used if the seal face surface speed exceeds 4,500 ft/min (23 m/s). [ 6.1.1.5 ]

All seals will be cartridge assemblies. [ 6.1.1.1 ]

Targeted temperature range = - 40F to 350F ( -40C to 176C) [ 1.2 ] Face rings are homogeneous designs of silicon carbide versus premium grade blister resistant carbon

(seal face overlays or coatings are not applicable). [ 6.1.6.2.2 through 6.1.6.2.5 ]

Self-sintered silicon carbide is standard for Category 1 seals.

Reaction-bonded silicon carbide is optional for Category 1 seals when specified.

Reaction-bonded silicon carbide is standard for Category 2 and 3 seals.

Self-sintered silicon carbide is optional for Category 2 and 3 seals when specified.

Two hard face ring materials are acceptable for abrasive, viscous, and high pressureservices. Silicon carbide versus silicon carbide is the primary choice but other combinationsare acceptable upon purchaser approval.

O-ring secondary seal material is Fluoroelastomer (FKM). [ 6.1.6.5.1 ]

Perfluoroelastomer (FFKM) is optional where FKM limits are exceeded. [ 6.1.6.5.2 ]

Multiple coil spring material is Alloy C-276. [ 6.1.6.4 ] Single coil spring designs are optional using 316 SS material. [ 6.1.5.1 & 6.1.6.4 ]

Sleeve and gland plate materials are 316 SS or equivalent. [ 6.1.6.3 & 6.1.6.7.1 ]

Spring retaining components, drive pins, anti-rotation pins, and internal set screws are 316 SSmaterial or better. [ 6.1.6.9.1 ]

Carbon or non-sparking metal fixed throttle bushings or carbon floating throttle bushings, dependingon application category and specification, are required in all single seal glands. [ 7.1.2.1 & 7.1.2.2 ]

Seals could be single designs as shown or dual unpressurized or dual pressurized designs.

STANDARD DESIGN ALTERNATE DESIGN

BALANCED INSIDE MOUNTED PUSHER DESIGNS


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SEAL TYPE B APPLICATION DATA

Standard Design [ 1.2 ]: Rotating flexible element with metal bellows that rotates with the shaft. [ 6.1.1.2 ]

The metal bellows acts as both a spring element and a dynamic gasket.




Alternate Design [ 1.2 ]:

Stationary flexible element with metal bellows that remains stationary with the gland. [ 6.1.1.2 ]


O-ring secondary seals. Must be used if the seal face surface speed exceeds 4,500 ft / min (23 m/s). [ 6.1.1.5 ]









O-ring secondary seal material is Fluoroelastomer (FKM). [ 6.1.6.5.1 ]

Perfluoroelastomer (FFKM) is optional where FKM limits are exceeded. [ 6.1.6.5.2 ]

Metal bellows material is Alloy C-276. [ 6.1.6.6 ] This applies to the bellows diaphragms and not the adapter or face flange hardware. (See Page 8)



Carbon or non-sparking metal fixed throttle bushings or carbon floating throttle bushings, depending onapplication category and specification, are required in all single seal glands. [ 7.1.2.1 & 7.1.2.2 ]



BALANCED INSIDE MOUNTED METAL BELLOWS ( NON-PUSHER) DESIGNS


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SEAL TYPE C APPLICATION DATA

Standard Design [ 1.2 ]: Stationary flexible element with metal bellows that remains stationary with the gland. [ 6.1.1.3 ]


Must be used if the seal face surface speed exceeds 4,500 ft / min (23 m/s). [ 6.1.1.5 ]


Alternate Design [ 1.2 ]: Rotating flexible element with metal bellows that rotates with the shaft. [ 6.1.1.3 ]



Typically reserved for use in dual seal designs.


Type C seals are designed for high temperature applications.








Secondary seal material is flexible graphite. [ 6.1.6.5.3 ]

Metal bellows material is Alloy 718. [ 6.1.6.6 ]

Alloy 718 applies to the bellows diaphragms and not the adapter or face flange hardware. Face flanges are a low expansion alloy to maintain seal face shrink fits at high temperatures.



Carbon or non-sparking metal fixed throttle bushings or carbon floating throttle bushings, depending onapplication category and specification, are required in all single seal glands. [ 7.1.2.1 & 7.1.2.2 ]



BALANCED INSIDE MOUNTED METAL BELLOWS ( NON-PUSHER) DESIGNS


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SPECIAL SEAL TYPE B BELLOWS ASSEMBLY CODES

When specifying BX and BXLS based Type B seals for API 682 services, the bellows assembly metallurgycan be all Alloy C-276 as would typically be applied in order to provide the Alloy C-276 bellowsdiaphragms. Since API Standard 682 - Second Edition requires only the bellows diaphragms to be AlloyC-276, material codes are available to provide more cost effective designs for those applications where al

Alloy C-276 bellows assemblies are not needed. These bellows assemblies contain Alloy C-276 bellowsdiaphragms, Duplex 2205 bellows flanges, and 316 SS bellows adapters.

The material code for a faceless bellows assembly using these materials is CX. The material codes fothese bellows assemblies with pertinent seal faces installed are defined in the following chart.

Bellows Assembly Material Code : CYNO

(Europe)NO

(USA) OQ QO ZW

Alloy C-276 (MS) Bellows Diaphragms: X X X X X X

Duplex 2205 (DX) Bellows Flange: X X X X X X

316 SS (DB) Bellows Adapter: X X X X X X

Antimony Carbon (RY) Seal Face: X

Resin Carbon (GE) Seal Face: X

Resin Carbon (KI) Seal Face: X

Direct Sintered Silicon Carbide (YO) Seal Face: X

Nickel Bound Tungsten Carbide (LV) Seal Face : X

Reaction Bonded Silicon Carbide (SL) Seal Face: X

The typical four digit material coding system will result in the following:

The first digit will be K representing the 316 SS, Alloy C-276, and Duplex 2205 materialcombination used in the faceless bellows assemblies.

The second digit will be as normally specified for the rotating seal face material installed in thebellows assembly. This will be:

A for the GE resin carbon

N for the LV nickel bound tungsten carbide

P for the KI resin carbon U for the RY antimony carbon

X for the SL reaction bonded silicon carbide

Z for the YO direct sintered silicon carbide

Digits three and four will identify the gasket and stationary seal face materials respectively asnormally done per the service requirements.


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SEAL ARRANGEMENTS, DESIGNATIONS, AND ORIENTATIONS

Recent sealing technology advancements have prompted API Standard 682-Second Edition to expand the

allowable seal designs in the three seal Arrangements. The number of seals applied, their basicoperating details, their designations, and their orientations are shown in the following reference charts.

CONFIGURATION CODE DIGITS : 1 2 3 4 5 .

DIGIT 1(Seal Arrangements) DIGITS 2 & 3(Inner Seal Designations) DIGITS 4 & 5(Bushing Options; Outer Seal Designations; Seal Orientations)

Arrangement 1 Throttle Bushing Options

FX= Fixed Bushing FL= Floating Bushing

Arrangement 2 Outer Seal Designations

CW= Contacting Wet CS= Containment Seal

1= Single Seal

2= Dual Unpressurized Seal

3= Dual Pressurized Seal

CW = Contacting Wet

NC = Non-Contacting

Arrangement 3 Inner & Outer Seal Orientations

FB= Face-to-Back BB = Back-to-Back FF= Face-to-Face

This Arrangements Chart shows shorthand codes thathave been applied to describe each Configuration.These codes are defined in the table below.

ARRANGEMENT 1

One seal percartridge assembly

with throttle bushing.

ARRANGEMENT 2

Two seals per cartridge assembly with acontainment seal chamber which is at a

pressure less than the seal chamber pressure.

ARRANGEMENT 3

Two seals per cartridge assembly utilizing anexternally supplied barrier fluid at a pressure

greater than the seal chamber pressure.

CONFIGURATION

1CW-FXContacting singlewet seal with afixed throttle

bushing.

CONFIGURATION

1CW-FLContacting singlewet seal with a

floating throttlebushing.

CONFIGURATION

2CW-CSContacting wetinner seal witha containment

seal.

CONFIGURATION

2NC-CSNon-contactinginner seal with

a containmentseal.

CONFIGURATION

2CW-CWDual contactingwet inner andouter seals.

LIQUIDBUFFER FLUID

GAS OR NOBUFFER FLUID

LIQUIDBARRIER FLUID

GASBARRIER FLUID

CONFIGURATION

3CW-FBContacting wet

seals in aface-to-backorientation.

CONFIGURATION

3CW-BBContacting wet

seals in a

back-to-backorientation.

CONFIGURATION

3CW-FFContacting wet

seals in aface-to-faceorientation.

CONFIGURATION

3NCBBNon-contacting

seals in aback-to-backorientation.

CONFIGURATION

3NC-FFNon-contacting

seals in a

face-to-faceorientation.

CONFIGURATION

3NC-FBNon-contacting

seals in aface-to-backorientation.

LIQUIDPROCESS FLUID


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SEAL DESIGNATION DESCRIPTION CHART

Contacting Wet Seal ( CW ) Containment Seal ( CS ) Non-Contacting Seal ( NC )

Designed to operate with a liquidfilm between the seal faces forlubrication and hydrostatic support.

Seal faces are generally flat and donot contain any features designedto create hydrodynamic separationof the seal faces.

Seals must be run with adequatevapor suppression or vaporpressure margin to insure that thefluid between the seal facesremains in a liquid phase.

Successful seals run continuouslyunder full operating conditions for a

minimum of 25,000 hours withoutreplacement.

Designed to operate as a backupcontainment seal, wet or dry.

Can be either a contacting or anon-contacting design.

Always will be the outer seal in adual unpressurized arrangementwhere the containment sealchamber is at a pressure less thanthat of the seal chamber.

Prevents emissions leaking pastthe inner seal from reaching theatmosphere.

Successful seals run continuouslyfor at least 25,000 hours under a

maximum containment sealchamber pressure of 10 psig( 0.7 barg ).

Must be designed to run under fullseal chamber conditions for at least8 hours to contain the process fluidand allow an orderly shutdown if aninner seal failure occurs.

Designed for dual pressurized gasseals using an outside sourcedbarrier gas through a control panel.

Can be the inner seal of a dualunpressurized design where it isdifficult to maintain a proper vaporpressure margin to keep processfluid in a liquid state. A containmentseal and vapor recovery systemcontain any gas or vapor leakage.

Designed with shallow seal facewaves, grooves, or slots to createhydrodynamic seal face separationunder all operating conditions.

Seal face separation is greaterthan with liquid seals allowinghigher gas or vapor leakage rates.

Successful seals run continuouslyunder full operating conditions forat least 25,000 hours.

SEAL ORIENTATION DESCRIPTION CHART

FACETOBACK

This orientation is referred to as FB. It is an in-linedesign where the inner seal mating ring is mountedbetween the inner and outer seal flexible elements andthe outer seal flexible element is mounted between theinner and outer seal mating rings.

BACKTOBACK

This orientation is referred to as BB . It is a designwhere the inner and outer seal flexible elements aremounted back-to-back between the inner and outerseal mating rings.

FACETOFACE

This orientation is referred to as FF . It is a designwhere the inner and outer seal mating rings aremounted between the inner and outer seal flexibleelements so that the flexible element seal faces areface-to-face.


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ARRANGEMENT CLASSIFICATIONS CHART

F LBO

LBIF D

Q

CSV GBI

CSD

F CSV GBI

CSD

LBO LBIF LBO

LBI

GBI

GBOLBO LBI

GBI

GBO

GBI

GBO

1CW-FL / 1CW-FX

2CW-CS 2NC-CS

3CW-FB 3CW-BB

3CW-FF 3NC-BB

3NC-FF 3NC-FB

2CW-CW


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MECHANICAL SEAL SYSTEM CODE

API Standard 682 - Second Edition has established a simplified coding system that can be used to define

or describe mechanical seals and their sealing systems in general terms. The resulting codes are nointended to provide detailed seal or sealing system information but do provide very useful shorthandreferences to easily list seal system requirements, especially where projects have numerous pumpsinvolved. The chart below presents the basics of this Seal System Code followed by examples of how thiscode can describe seal systems for typical applications.

C 1 A 2 3 4 & 5 6 & 7 etc.

DIGIT 1 DIGIT 2 DIGIT 3 DIGITS 4 & 5 DIGITS 6 & 7 etc.

1 = Category 1

2 = Category 23 = Category 3

1 = Arrangement 1

2 = Arrangement 23 = Arrangement 3

A = Seal Type A

B = Seal Type BC = Seal Type C

First

Flush / QuenchPlan

Optional or Added

Flush / QuenchPlan(s)

Example 1 - The application is on an ANSI/ASME pump that is processing a water solution operating a

106F (41C), 50 psig (3.5 bar), and with solids having a SG (specific gravity) less than twotimes that of water. This application would typically require a Category 1, Arrangement 1Type A or Type B seal with a Plan 32 flush. Typical Mechanical Seal Codes are:

C1A1A32 (When a Type A seal is applied. )

C1A1B32 (When a Type B seal is applied. )

Example 2 - The application is on a refinery pump with an ISO 13709 seal chamber that is processing a

non-flashing hydrocarbon where single seal fluid leakage presents an exposure hazard tosurrounding personnel. The pump operates at 300F ( 149C), 350 psig (24.2 bar), with noprocess fluid solids, and does not require a rigorously tested and documented seal. Thisapplication would typically require a Category 2, Arrangement 2, Type A or Type B seal. Theflush plan(s) would depend on the type of buffer desired. Plans 11 / 52 would typically beused for liquid buffers, Plans 11 /72 /76 would typically be used for gas buffers, and Plans11/71/76 would typically be used with no buffer. Typical Mechanical Seal Codes are:

C2A2A1152 or C2A2B1152 (When a liquid buffer is applied. )

C2A2A117276 or C2A2B117276 (When a gas buffer is applied.)

C2A2A117176 or C2A2B117176 (When no buffer is applied.)

Example 3

- The application is on a refinery pump with an ISO 13709 seal chamber that is processing aflashing hydrocarbon where either single or dual unpressurized fluid leakage presents an

exposure hazard to surrounding personnel. The pump operates at 600F (316C), 250 psig(17.3 bar), with some process fluid solids, and requires a rigorously tested and documentedseal. This application would typically require a Category 3, Arrangement 3, Type C seal withPlans 11/53 or 11/54 for flushing. Typical Mechanical Seal Codes are:

C3A3C1153 (When a Plan 53 flush is applied.)

C3A3C1154 (When a Plan 54 flush is applied.)


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RECOMMENDED FLOWSERVE SEAL DESIGNS

SEAL APPLICATION CHART

1

CATEGORY 1 CATEGORY 2 CATEGORY 3Arrangement

( R ) = Rotating

( S ) = Stationary Type A Type B Type C Type A Type B Type C Type A Type B Type C

QBQ QBQ1CW-FX ( R ) ISC1BX

2 BXHH

DQBXQ BXHH

DQBXQ BXHH

1CW-FX ( S ) ISC1PX2 ISC1SX

2 BXRH BXRH

QBQ QBQ1CW-FL ( R ) ISC1BX

2 BXHH

DQBXQ BXHH

DQBXQ BXHH

1CW-FL ( S ) ISC1PX2 ISC1SX

2 BXRH BXRH

2CW-CW ( R ) ISC2BB2

QBQ/

QBQ

BX/

BX

BXHH/

BXHH

QBQ/

QBQ

BX/

BX

BXHH/

BXHH2CW-CW ( S ) ISC2PP

2 ISC2SS

2

QBQ/GSL

QBQ/GSL

2CW-CS ( R )QBQ/GSD

BXHH/GSDH QBQ/

GSD

BXHH/GSDH

2CW-CS ( S )

2NC-CS ( R )GF / GF

(GF-300)GSDW/

GSLGSDW/

GSL

2NC-CS ( S )

3CW-FB ( R ) ISC2BB2

QBB/QBQ

BXB/BX

BXHHB/BXHH

QBB/QBQ

BXB/BX

BXHHB/BXHH

3CW-FB ( S ) ISC2PP2 1SC2SS

2

3CW-BB ( R )QBB/QBQ

BXB/BX

BXHHB/BXHH

QBB/QBQ

BXB/BX

BXHHB/BXHH

3CW-BB ( S )

3CW-FF ( R )

3CW-FF ( S )

3NC-BB ( R ) GF-2003 GF-200

3 GF-200

3

3NC-BB ( S )

3NC-FF ( R )

3NC-FF ( S ) GX-2004

3NC-FB ( R )

3NC-FB ( S )

1 - All designs except the GSDH containment seal have been successfully qualification tested per API Standard 682 in the fluids forwhich they are offered. Consult the API Standard 682 Seal Qualification Testing document at the Flowserve FSD Passport site.

2 - Non-compliant pre-engineered designs and fully compliant API Standard 682 engineered designs are available.

3 - A pre-engineered design not in full compliance with API Standard 682.

4 - A pre-engineered design not in full compliance with API Standard 682. A fully compliant design can not be provided withoutaffecting equipment fit or operating integrity.


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FLOWSERVE SEAL APPLICATION

Some recommended Flowserve seals in the Seal Application Chart are noted as not being in fulcompliance with all API Standard 682 - Second Edition design requirements in their pre-engineered form.Engineered versions of these seals can be supplied where noted. However, pricing for these engineereddesigns will be significantly higher than their pre-engineered versions. The pre-engineered seals can besupplied as long as their design exceptions are documented and accepted by the purchaser. Designexception lists for the noted pre-engineered seals can be accessed at the Flowserve FSD Passport site.

Recommended Flowserve seals address combinations of seal categories, types, and arrangements. APStandard 682-Second Edition specifies operating ranges to define the covered areas of application. Eachseal design is not required to cover the full extent of an operating range. While some seals are designedto do so, limitations of other seals allow only a portion of the operating window to be covered. Engineeredseals are typically applied to cover the rest of the operating range. The charts on the following pagessummarize where Flowserve designs either cover ( C ) or only partially cover ( P ) their target operatingwindows. For further information, consult the product information at the Flowserve FSD Passport site.

TEMPERATURE OPERATING WINDOW CHART

Category 1 Operating Range = -40F to 500F ( -40C to 260C )

Category 2 & Category 3 Operating Ranges = -40F to 750F ( -40C to 400C )

Category1

Category2

Category3

SealTypeA

SealTypeB

SealTypeC

Seal Type A & Seal Type B Operating Ranges = -40F to 350F ( -40C to 176C )

Seal Type C Operating Range = -40F to 750F ( -40C to 400C )

P C ISC Pusher = -40F to 400F ( -40C to 204C )

P C ISC Metal Bellows = -40F to 400F ( -40C to 204C )

P P C QBQ Operating Range = -40F to 400F ( - 40C to 204C ) [See Note 1 ]

P P C QBB Operating Range = -40F to 400F ( - 40C to 204C ) [See Note 1 ]

P P C GSL Operating Range = - 40F to 400F ( -40C to 204C ) [See Note 2 ]

P P C GSD Operating Range = - 40F to 400F ( -40C to 204C )

P P C DQ Operating Range = -100F to 650F ( -73C to 343C ) [See Note 3 ]

P P C BX and BXQ Operating Range = -40F to 400F ( -40C to 204C ) [See Note 1 ]

P P P BXB Operating Range = -40F to 300F ( -40C to 150C ) [See Note 1 ]

C C C BXRH Operating Range = -100F to 800F ( -73C to 427C )

C C C C BXHH Operating Range = -100F to 800F ( -73C to 427C )

C C C BXHHB Operating Range = -100F to 800F ( -73C to 427C )

C C C GSDH Operating Range = - 40F to 800F ( -40C to 427C )

C P P C GF-Series Operating Range = -40F to 500F ( -40C to 260C )

P C GX-Series with Alloy C-276 Bellows = -40F to 400F ( -40C to 204C )

C C GX-Series with Alloy 718 Bellows = -40F to 500F ( -40C to 260C )

Note 1 Not Applicable for water or water solutions below 32F (0C) and/or above 275F (135C). Consult Flowserve FSDTechnical Services for proper seal application under these conditions.

Note 2 Not Applicable at temperatures above 275F (135C) for seal sizes 2.625 (66.7 mm) when 316 Stainless Steelmetal parts are used. Temperatures up to 400F (204C) can be applied for seal sizes 2.625 (66.7 mm) whenDuplex or Alloy C-276 are used for critical metal components.

Note 3 Not Applicable for water or water solutions below 32F (0C) and/or above 525F (274C). Consult Flowserve FSD

Technical Services for proper seal application under these conditions.

C = Fully Covers Applicable API 682 Temperatures P = Partially Covers Applicable API 682 Temperatures

= Not Primarily Recommended For This Category or Seal Type


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DYNAMIC PRESSURE OPERATING WINDOW CHART

Category1

Category2

Category3

Arrangeme

nt1

Arrangeme

nt2

Arrangeme

nt3

Category 1 Operating Range = up to 300 psig ( 20.7 bar )Category 2 Operating Range = up to 600 psig ( 41.4 bar )

Category 3 Operating Range = up to 600 psig ( 41.4 bar )

C ISC Pusher : O.D. Applied P = 0 to 300 psig ( 20.7 bar )

C ISC Pusher : O.D. Applied P = Full Vacuum to 300 psig ( 20.7 bar )P ISC Pusher : O.D. Applied P = Full Vacuum to 250 psig ( 17.5 bar )

ISC Pusher : Short Term I.D. Applied P = Up to 100 psig ( 6.9 bar )ISC Pusher : Continuous I.D. Applied P = Up to 50 psig ( 3.4 bar )

P ISC Metal Bellows : O.D. Applied P = 0 to 200 psig ( 13.8 bar )ISC Metal Bellows > 2.00 (50.8 mm) with Self-Sintered SiC versus Self-Sintered SiC in

Water-Like Solutions : O.D. Applied P = 0 to 100 psig ( 6.9 bar )

P ISC Metal Bellows : O.D. Applied P = Full Vacuum to 200 psig ( 13.8 bar )ISC Metal Bellows > 2.00 (50.8 mm) with Self-Sintered SiC versus Self-Sintered SiC in

Water-Like Solutions : O.D. Applied P = Full Vacuum to 100 psig ( 6.9 bar )

P ISC Metal Bellows : Process Pressure = Full vacuum to 150 psig ( 10.4 bar )ISC Metal Bellows > 2.00 (50.8 mm) with Self-Sintered SiC versus Self-Sintered SiC in

Water-Like Solutions : Process Pressure = Full Vacuum to 50 psig ( 3.4 bar )ISC Metal Bellows with Carbon versus Self-Sintered SiC :

Short Term I.D. Applied P = Up to 100 psig ( 6.9 bar )Continuous I.D. Applied P = Up to 50 psig ( 3.4 bar )

ISC Metal Bellows with Other Face Materials versus Self-Sintered SiC :Short Term and Continuous I.D. Applied P = Up to 50 psig ( 3.4 bar )

C C QBQ : O.D. Applied Continuous P = Up to 750 psig ( 51.8 bar )

C C QBB : O.D. Applied Short Term P = Up to 750 psig ( 51.8 bar )

QBB : Preferred I.D. Applied Continuous P = 29 psig ( 2 bar )

QBB : Maximum I.D. Applied P with Antimony Binder Carbon = 218 psig ( 15 bar )QBB : Maximum I.D. Applied P with Resin Binder Carbon = 145 psig ( 10 bar )

C C GSL : O.D. Applied Continuous Gas/Vapor P = Up to 600 psig ( 41.4 bar )GSL : O.D. Applied Short Term Liquid Containment P = Up to 600 psig ( 41.4 bar )

P P GSD : O.D. Applied Continuous Gas/Vapor P = Up to 5 psig ( 0.34 bar )

GSD : O.D. Applied Short Term Liquid P = Up to 300 psig ( 20.7 bar )GSD : O.D. Applied Static P = Up to 600 psig ( 41.4 bar )

C C DQ : O.D. Applied P = Up to 1,000 psig ( 69 bar )

P P BX : O.D. Applied P = Up to 400 psig ( 27.6 bar )P P BXQ : O.D. Applied P = Up to 400 psig ( 27.6 bar )

P P BXB : O.D. Applied Short Term P = Up to 400 psig ( 27.6 bar )BXB : Preferred I.D. Applied Continuous P = 29 psig ( 2 bar )

BXB : Maximum I.D. Applied P = 145 psig ( 10 bar )

P P BXRH : O.D. Applied P = Atmospheric to 300 psig ( 20.7 bar )C P P BXHH : O.D. Applied P = -50 to 300 psig ( -3.4 to 20.7 bar )

P P BXHHB : O.D. Applied Short Term P = Up to 300 psig ( 20.7 bar )BXHHB : Preferred I.D. Applied Continuous P = 29 psig ( 2 bar )BXHHB : Maximum I.D. Applied P = 145 psig ( 10 bar )

C = Fully Covers Applicable API 682 Pressures P = Partially Covers Applicable API 682 Pressures

= Not Primarily Recommended For This Category or Arrangement = Primary Arrangement Application


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DYNAMIC PRESSURE OPERATING WINDOW CHART ( Continued )

Category1

Category2

Category3

Arrangement1

Arrangement2

Arrangement3




P P GSDH : O.D. Applied Continuous Gas/Vapor P = Up to 15 psig ( 1.03 bar )GSDH : O.D. Applied Short Term Liquid P = Up to 300 psig ( 20.7 bar )GSDH : O.D. Applied Static P = Up to 450 psig ( 31.0 bar )

C P P GF-Series : O.D. Applied P = Full vacuum to 500 psig ( 34.5 bar )GF-Series : Minimum O.D. Applied P = 25 psig ( 1.7 bar )

P GX-Series : O.D. Applied P for Alloy C-276 Bellows @Shaft Sizes < 2.000 ( 50.8 mm ) = 25 to 250 psig ( 1.7 to 17.2 bar )Shaft Sizes 2.000 ( 50.8 mm ) = 25 to 175 psig ( 1.7 to 12.1 bar )

GX-Series : O.D. Applied P for Alloy 718 Bellows = 25 to 250 psig ( 1.7 to 17.2 bar )GX-Series : Minimum O.D. Applied P = 25 to 50 psig ( 1.7 to 3.4 bar )

C = Fully Covers Applicable API 682 Pressures P = Partially Covers Applicable API 682 Pressures

= Not Primarily Recommended For This Category or Arrangement = Primary Arrangement Application

ROTATING SPEED OPERATING WINDOW CHART

Rotating

ElementRange

Stationary

ElementRange

Arrangement1

Arrangement2

Arrangement3

Flexible Rotating Element Maximum Surface Speed = 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )

Flexible Stationary Element Surface Speed = Greater Than 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )

C C ISC : Stationary Pusher = Up to 6,000 ft/min. ( 30 m/s )

C ISC : Rotating Metal Bellows = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )

C C ISC : Stationary Metal Bellows = Up to 6,000 ft/min. ( 30 m/s )

C QBQ : Rotating Pusher = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )C QBB : Rotating Pusher = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )C C GSL : Rotating Pusher = 300 to 6,000 ft/min. ( 1.5 to 30.5 m/s )C GSD : Rotating Pusher = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )C DQ : Rotating Pusher = 1,200 to 4,500 ft/min. ( 6 to 23 m /s )C BX : Rotating Metal Bellows = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )C BXQ : Rotating Metal Bellows = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )C BXB : Rotating Metal Bellows = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )C C BXRH : Stationary Metal Bellows = Up to 9,000 ft/min. ( 46 m/s )C BXHH : Rotating Metal Bellows = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )C BXHHB : Rotating Metal Bellows = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )C GSDH : Rotating Metal Bellows = Up to 4,500 ft/min. ( 23 m/s )C C GSDH : Stationary Metal Bellows = Up to 9,000 ft/min. ( 46 m/s )C GF-Series : Rotating Pusher = Minimum Requirement[Note 1]up to 5,000 ft/min. ( 25 m/s )C C GX-Series : Stationary Metal Bellows = Minimum Speed[Note 1]up to 7,000 ft/min. ( 35 m/s )

NOTE 1 Adequate seal performance depends on a minimum speed being established. See the minimum speedgraphs in the Dual Gas Seals for PumpsApplication Guidelines at the Flowserve FSD Passport site.

C = Fully Covers Applicable API 682 Speeds Defined P = Partially Covers Applicable API 682 Speeds Defined

= Not Primarily Recommended For This Design or Arrangement = Primary Arrangement Application


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SEAL SELECTION PROCESS

The seal selection process is an important part of API Standard 682-Second Edition. Many field problemsare the result of selecting the wrong type of seal, the wrong materials, or the wrong piping plan. While noprocess can capture every possible consideration, the seal selection process defined in Annex Aof APStandard 682 does provide a good basis for selecting the correct seal and sealing system. It wasdeveloped to capture selection methods proven to be successful in the field and provide a systematicapproach for selecting the proper seal type, arrangement, and piping plan for most common applications.

This process is not intended to cover every service but it does capture a majority of the applications seenin the refinery or process industry. The seal selection process and the general specifications of APStandard 682 define a target window of operation. Applications falling outside any of the following targeareas should not be subjected to this selection process alone but should also receive a more detailedengineering review.

Over 500F (260C) and/or over 300 psig (21 bar) for Category 1 seals.

Over 750F (400C) and/or over 600 psig (41 bar) for Category 2 and 3 seals.

Under -40F (-40C) for Category 1, 2, and 3 seals.

Surface speeds above 4,500 ft/min ( 23 m/s) for rotating flexible element designs unless there arestationary flexible element designs suitable for application.

Shaft sizes larger than 4.3 inches (110 mm) or smaller than 0.75 inches (20 mm).

Process fluids providing vapor pressures over 34 bar (493 psia).

Process fluids containing a high concentration of solids.

Process fluids having unstable liquid properties.

Highly corrosive process fluids where API Standard 682 material selections may not be suitable.

Process fluids having high viscosities or pour points above or within 36F (20C) of the minimumambient temperature.

This process always leads to a default solution. In most cases, this will be the preferred solution bualternate solutions are sometimes presented which are considered technically equivalent. This processflows through a series of steps using three separate paths, each dedicated to one of the following basic

API Standard 682 application groups.

Non-hydrocarbons which include water, sour water, caustics, amines, crystallizing fluids, and

some acids (up to 20% H2SO4at 77F or 25C and up to 20% H3PO4at 176F or 80C only).

Non-flashing hydrocarbons which are hydrocarbons with a vapor pressure of less than 1 barabsolute (14.5 psia) which remain in a liquid phase under ambient conditions.

Flashing hydrocarbons which cover liquids with a vapor pressure greater than 1 bar absolute(14.5 psia), some components of which will vaporize under ambient conditions.

In this process, the purchaser is responsible for: Specifying the units system (U.S. Customary or S.I. Units) to be used for all data, drawings,

hardware, and equipment that will be supplied.

Defining the fluid, temperature, pressure, speed, contaminants, and any other details important tomaking the correct seal and sealing system selection.

Identifying the correct seal category based on the target pump design, the application pressureand temperature, the required features, and the documentation required.


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MECHANICAL SEAL DATA SHEETS

The purchaser should collaborate with the seal manufacturer to prepare a data sheet in the units system

specified for each application. These data sheets record all the application and selection informationdetermined through this process. API Standard 682 -Second Edition recommends that the MechanicaSeal Data Sheet for Centrifugal & Rotating Pumps located in its Annex F be used. Alternate data sheeformats are acceptable as long as they contain all the information included on the API 682 data sheets.

These API 682 data sheets are separated by the Units Systemto be applied and the seal Categoryto beselected. These data sheets are defined according to the following classifications and can be obtained bycontacting Flowserve FSD Technical Services or by accessing the Flowserve FSD Passport site.

Data Sheet for Category 1 & Category 2 Seals in U.S. Customary Units

Data Sheet for Category 3 Seals in U.S. Customary Units

Data Sheet for Category 1 & Category 2 Seals in S.I. Units

Data Sheet for Category 3 Seals in S.I. Units

BUFFER AND BARRIER FLUID APPLICATION CONSIDERATIONS

Compatibility :

The fluid should be compatible with the process fluid to prevent adverse reactions from occurringwhen or if they become combined.

The fluid should be compatible with the equipment, seal, and system metallurgies as well as theelastomers used and all other materials it will contact.

Operational Longevity:

The fluid should meet the minimum 3 year continous operational criteria without deterioration.

The fluid should not form sludge, polymerize, or coke during extended use.

Paraffin based high purity oils with little or no wear

/

oxidation resistant additives or synthetic basedoils are usually adequate for hydrocarbon services. Anti-wear/oxidation resistant additives incommercial oils can plate out on seal faces.

Gas Solubility :

Gas blanket pressurization of liquid barrier fluids can result in gas absorption. Gas solubilityincreases as pressure rises and temperature decreases. A decrease in pressure and/or increasein temperature can cause gas release resulting in foaming or interfere with barrier circulation.

Fluid Viscosity :

The fluid viscosity should be less than 500 cSt or 500 mm2/s at the minimum temperature to which it

is exposed.

For services above 50F (10C), hydrocarbon buffer/barrier fluids with a viscosity below 100 mm2/s

at 100F (38C) and between 1 and 10 mm2

/s at 212F (100C) should perform adequately. For services below 50F (10C), hydrocarbon buffer/barrier fluids with a viscosity between 5 and 40

mm2/s at 100F (38C) and between 1 and 10 mm2/s at 212F (100C) should perform adequately.

Mixtures of water and ethylene glycol or propylene glycol are typically adequate for aqueousservices. Commercial automotive antifreeze should never be used since the additives can plate outon seal parts or form gels.


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TYPICALLY APPLIED SEAL TYPES AND FEATURES

The following charts synopsize the standard and optional Seal Typesalong with required and special seafeatures that are recommended by the API Standard 682 -Second Edition seal selection process for themajor non-hydrocarbon and hydrocarbon application windows defined.

NON-HYDROCARBONS

WATER WATER WATER SOURWATER

SOURWATER

CAUSTICS,AMINES,&CRYSTAL-

LIZING

FLUIDS

CAUSTICS,AMINES,&CRYSTAL-

LIZING

FLUIDS

ACIDS(1)

OF H2SO4 & H3PO4

PUMPING

TEMPERATURES

:

< 176F

( 80

C )

< 176F

( 80

C )

> 176F

( 80

C )

< 176F

( 80

C )

< 176F

( 80

C )

< 176F

( 80

C )

< 176F

( 80

C )

< 176F

( 80

C )

CATEGORY 1SEAL PRESSURES:

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

CATEGORY 2&3SEAL PRESSURES:

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

300 to 600psig

( 22 to 42bar )

< 600 psig( 42 bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

300 to 600psig

( 22 to 42bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

300 to 600psig

( 22 to 42bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

NON-HYDROCARBONSTANDARDSEAL TYPES:

A A A A A A A A

NON-

HYDROCARBONOPTIONALSEAL TYPES:

B or C EngineeredSealEngineered

Seal B or CEngineered

Seal B or CEngineered

Seal B or C

REQUIREDFEATURES: f & g

( 3 ) c

( 3 ) c

( 3 ) e

( 3 ) e

( 3 ) c & g

( 3 )

OPTIONALFEATURES: h

( 3 )

SPECIALFEATURES:

ABRASIVES d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 )

1) Up to 20% H2SO4at 77F (25C) only. Up to 20% H3PO4at 176F (80C) only. All other acids includinghydrofluoric acid, fuming nitric, and hydrochloric acids require special engineering between owner and vendor.

2) Special features listed only apply in mixtures having a pH between 4 and 11.

3) a = NH3resistant carbon graphite. e = Amine Resistant Perfluoroelastomer O-rings.b = Nitrile O-rings. f = Circulating Devices.c = Perfluoroelastomer O-rings. g = Single Spring for Type A Seals.d = Hard Face versus Hard Face. h = U Cup Elastomer Configuration.


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HYDROCARBONS

PUMPINGTEMPERATURES:

-40F to+20F

( -40C to-5C )

-40F to+20F

( -40C to-5C )

20F to350F

( -5C to176C )

20F to350F

( -5C to176C )

350F to500F

( 176C to260C )

350F to500F

( 176C to260C )

500F to750F

( 260C to400C )

500F to750F

( 260C to400C )

CATEGORY 1SEAL PRESSURES:

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

N/A N/A

CATEGORY 2&3SEAL PRESSURES:

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

300 to 600psig

( 22 to 42bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

300 to 600psig

( 22 to 42bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

300 to 600psig

( 22 to 42bar )

< 300 psig( 22 bar )

300 to 600psig

( 22 to 42bar )

NON-FLASHINGHYDROCARBON

STANDARDSEAL TYPES:

A A A A C

Engineered

Seal C

Engineered

Seal

NON-FLASHINGHYDROCARBONOPTIONALSEAL TYPES:

B or C

HighPressureBellows

Seal

B or C

HighPressureBellows

Seal

EngineeredSeal

EngineeredSeal

FLASHINGHYDROCARBONSTANDARDSEAL TYPES:

A A A( 1 )

A( 1 )

C

HighPressureBellows

Seal

C

HighPressureBellows

Seal

FLASHINGHYDROCARBONOPTIONAL

SEAL TYPES:

EngineeredSeal

HighPressureBellows

Seal

EngineeredSeal

HighPressureBellows

Seal

EngineeredSeal

EngineeredSeal

REQUIREDFEATURES: b

( 3 ) b ( 3 )

SPECIALFEATURES:

CAUSTIC c ( 2 , 3 ) c ( 2 , 3 )

ABRASIVES d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 ) d ( 2 , 3 )

AROMATICS /H2S c ( 2 , 3 ) c ( 2 , 3 )

AMINES e ( 2 , 3 ) e ( 2 , 3 )

AMMONIA(4)

a ( 2 , 3 ) a ( 2 , 3 ) a ( 2 , 3 ) a ( 2 , 3 ) a ( 2 , 3 ) a ( 2 , 3 ) a ( 2 , 3 ) a ( 2 , 3 )

1) Requires special feature f above 140F (60C) and special feature c if PT is above 350F (176C).

2) Special features listed only apply in mixtures having a pH between 4 and 11.

3) a = NH3resistant carbon graphite. e = Amine Resistant Perfluoroelastomer O-rings.b = Nitrile O-rings. f = Circulating Devices.c = Perfluoroelastomer O-rings. g = Single Spring for Type A Seals.d = Hard Face versus Hard Face. h = U Cup Elastomer Configuration.

4) For Flashing Hydrocarbons only.


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PIPING PLANS

API Standard 682-Second Edition specifies a number of Piping Plansdesigned to accommodate reliablemechanical seal operation in all arrangement configurations. The following chart lists these piping plansalong with a brief description of their application. For more detailed information about these piping plansrefer toAnnex A (Tutorial A.4)andAnnex Din API Standard 682-Second Edition and the piping plan dataat the Flowserve FSD Passport site.

API PLAN ARRANGEMENT PIPING PLAN DESCRIPTION

PLAN 01 1 OR 2 Similar to Plan 11 but with a flush coming from behind the impeller near the discharge.

PLAN 02 1 OR 2 Dead-ended seal chamber with no flush circulation.

PLAN 11 1,2,OR 3 Default flush coming from the pump discharge to provide seal chamber cooling & venting.

PLAN 13 1,2,OR 3Standard flush plan for vertical pumps that do not provide a bleed bushing below the sealchamber to provide venting & seal cooling.

PLAN 14 1 OR 2 A combination of Plan 11 & Plan 13 for vertical pumps to cool & vent the seal chamber.

PLAN 21 1 OR 2 Provides a cool seal flush coming off of discharge and through a cooler.

PLAN 23 1 OR 2Plan of choice for hot services with a circulating device to circulate seal chamber fluidthrough a cooler to remove seal generated heat & heat soak.

PLAN 31 1 OR 2System for a process fluid flush containing solids with a specific gravity 2 times that ofthe process fluid and routed through a cyclone separator.

PLAN 32 1 OR 2 System with external source flushing for services containing solids or contaminants.

PLAN 41 1 OR 2 A combination of Plan 21 and Plan 31 for hot services containing solids.

PLAN 52 2 System with liquid buffer fluid contained in a vented seal pot.

PLAN 53a 3 System with liquid barrier fluid contained in a seal pot at a pressure > the seal chamber.

PLAN 53b 3 Liquid barrier fluid pressurized > the seal chamber through a bladder type accumulator.

PLAN 53c 3 Liquid barrier fluid pressurized > the seal chamber through a piston type accumulator.

PLAN 54 3 System with a liquid barrier fluid from an external source.

PLAN 62 1 Quenching from an external source to the atmospheric side of the seal.

PLAN 71 2 System for dry containment seals with no gas buffer supplied but provisions are provided.

PLAN 72 2 System for dry containment seals using a gas buffer fluid.

PLAN 74 3 Gas barrier fluid system.

PLAN 75 2 System for dry containment seals where the inner seal leakage may condense.

PLAN 76 2 System for dry containment seals where the inner seal leakage will not condense.

PIPING SYSTEM DESIGN , ACCESSORIES , & INSTRUMENTATION

Clause 8 and Clause 9of API Standard 682-Second Edition specify design requirements for the systemcomponents, accessories, and instrumentation for these piping plans. Discussed are piping criteria andaccessories including cyclone separators, flow control orifices, seal flush coolers, buffer / barrier fluidreservoirs, and seal buffer / barrier / flush fluid positive circulation devices such as internal circulatingdevices, external circulating pumps, external seal flush systems, condensate collection reservoirs, andbuffer/barrier gas supply systems. Also discussed are instrumentation including temperature and pressuregauges, thermowells, switches, level and flow indicators, relief valves, regulators, and pressure amplifiers.


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REFERENCE PIPING PLANS TYPICALLY APPLIED

The seal selection process defined in Annex Aof API Standard 682-Second Edition provides a series offlow diagrams to aid in selecting piping plans for many common applications. The following referencecharts indicate the piping plans that might typically result from the scenarios defined in these diagrams.The piping plans listed should be considered as REFERENCE ONLY and may not cover all possibleapplications. The needs of each application should be carefully weighed versus the piping plans indicatedand substitutions should be made as required to insure that adequate support systems are specified.

NON-HYDROCARBON PROCESS FLUIDS

WATER WATER SOUR WATER CAUSTICS,AMINES, &CRYSTALLIZING

FLUIDS

H2SO4 & H3PO4

ACIDS (k)ARRANGE-

MENTS

PT < 176F (80C) PT > 176F (80C) PT < 176F (80C) PT < 176F (80C) PT < 176F (80C)

1 11 ( g ) 23 or32 ( f ) 32 ( f ) 11 / 62 ( g ) 11 ( g )

2 (a) 11 / 52 ( g ) 23/52 or32/52 ( f ) 11 / 52 ( g ) 11 / 52 ( g ) 11 / 52 ( g )

2 (b) 11 / 72 / 76 ( g,h )

23 / 72 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )11 / 72 / 76 ( g,h ) 11 / 72 / 76 ( g,h ) 11 / 72 / 76 ( g,h )

CLEAN

FLUIDS

2 (c) 11 / 71 / 76 ( g,h )

23 / 71 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )11 / 71 / 76 ( g,h ) 11 / 71 / 76 ( g,h ) 11 / 71 / 76 ( g,h )

1 32 ( f ) 23 or32 ( f ) 32 ( f ) 32 ( f ) 32 ( f )

2 (a) 32 / 52 ( f ) 23/52 or32/52 ( f ) 32 / 52 ( f ) 32 / 52 ( f ) 32 / 52 ( f )

2 (b) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )

23 / 72 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h

)

32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )

F

LUIDS

WITH

SOLIDS

2 (c) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )

23 / 71 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h ) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h ) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )

1 31 ( f ) 31 ( f ) 31 ( f ) 31 / 62 ( f ) 31 ( f )

2 (a) 31 / 52 ( f ) 31 / 52 ( f ) 31 / 52 ( f ) 31 / 52 ( f ) 31 / 52 ( f )

2 (b) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )

A

LTERNATEWHENSOLIDS

@SG2XTHEFLUID&

PUMPP>25PSIG(1.7BAR)

2(c)

31 / 71 / 76( f,h )

31 / 71 / 76( f,h )

31 / 71 / 76( f,h )

31 / 71 / 76( f,h )

31 / 71 / 76( f,h )

3(d) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i )

ALL

FLUIDS

3(e) 74 ( g,i ) 74 ( g,i ) 74 ( g,i ) 74 ( g,i ) 74 ( g,i )

a = With Liquid Buffer. e = With Gas Barrier. g = Consider adding Plan 13 for vertical pumps or Plan 14 for Plan 11/Plan 13.b = With Gas Buffer. f = Consider the need h = If the inner seal leakage could condense, substitute Plan 75 for Plan 76.c = With No Buffer. to add Plan 13 for i = Consider a Plan 11 or Plan 32 process side flush for solids or other needs.

d = With Liquid Barrier. vertical pumps. k = Up to 20% H2SO4at 77F (25C) & up to 20% H3PO4at 176F (80C).


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NON-FLASHING HYDROCARBONPROCESS FLUIDS

FLASHING HYDROCARBONPROCESS FLUIDS

ARRANG

E-

MENTS

TYPEA&BSEALS

PT350F(176C)

ONLY

TYPEA,B,&C SEALS

PT140F(60C)

TYPEA&BSEALS

PT>350F(176C)

ONLY

1 11 ( g ) 23 or32 ( f ) 11 ( g ) 23 23 or32/62 ( f )

2 (a) 11 / 52 ( g ) 23/52 or32/52 ( f ) 11 / 52 ( g ) 11 / 52 ( g) 23/52 or32/52 ( f )

2 (b) 11 / 72 / 76 ( g,h )

23 / 72 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )11 / 72 / 76 ( g,h ) 11 / 72 / 76 ( g,h )

23 / 72 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )CLEAN

FLUIDS

2 (c) 11 / 71 / 76 ( g,h )

23 / 71 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )11 / 71 / 76 ( g,h ) 11 / 71 / 76 ( g,h )

23 / 71 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )

1 32 ( f ,k ) 32 ( f ,k ) 32 ( f ,k ) 32 ( f ,k ) 32 ( f ,k )

2 (a) 32 / 52 ( f,k ) 32 / 52 ( f,k ) 32 / 52 ( f,k ) 32 / 52 ( f,k ) 32 / 52 ( f,k )

2 (b) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h,k ) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h,k ) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h,k ) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h,k ) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h,k )

2 (c) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h,k ) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h,k ) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h,k ) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h,k ) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h,k )

POLYMERIZING

FLUIDS

3 (d) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i )

1 32 ( f ) 23/62 or32/62 ( f ) 32 ( f ) 23 or32 ( f ) 23/62 or32/62 ( f )

2 (a) 32 / 52 ( f ) 23/52 or32/52 ( f ) 32 / 52 ( f ) 32 / 52 ( f ) 23/52 or32/52 ( f )

2 (b) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )

23 / 72 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )

23 / 72 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )FLUIDS

WITH

SOLIDS

2 (c) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )

23 / 71 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h ) 32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )

23 / 71 / 76 ( h ) or

32 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )

1 31 ( f ) 31/ 62 ( f ) 31 ( f ) 31 ( f ) 31/ 62 ( f )

2 (a) 31 / 52 ( f ) 31 / 52 ( f ) 31 / 52 ( f ) 31 / 52 ( f ) 31 / 52 ( f )

2 (b) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 72 / 76 ( f,h )

ALTERNATEWHENSOLIDS

@SG2XTHEFLUID&

PUMPP>25PSIG(1.7BAR)

2 (c) 31 / 71 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 71 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 71 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 71 / 76 ( f,h ) 31 / 71 / 76 ( f,h )

3(d) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i ) 53 ( g,i ) or 54 ( g,i )

ALL

FLUIDS

3(e) 74 ( g,i ) 74 ( g,i ) 74 ( g,i ) 74 ( g,i ) 74 ( g,i )

a = With Liquid Buffer. e = With Gas Barrier. g = Consider adding Plan 13 for vertical pumps or Plan 14 for Plan 11/Plan 13.b = With Gas Buffer. f = Consider the need h = If the inner seal leakage could condense, substitute Plan 75 for Plan 76.c = With No Buffer. to add Plan 13 for i = Consider a Plan 11 or Plan 32 process side flush for solids or other needs.d = With Liquid Barrier. vertical pumps. k = For polymerizing fluids using Plan 32, remove internal circulating device.


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DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS

TYPE OF DOCUMENTATION

CoverLetters

CoverSheets

Mechanical

SealData

Sheets

Seal

Arrangement

Drawings

Installation

Manuals

Operation

Manuals

Maintenance

Manuals

Category Category Category Category Category Category

TYPE OF IDENTIFICATION[ 11.1.3 ]

1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

Purchaser or User Corporate Name X X X X X X X X X X

Purchaser or User Job or Project I.D. Reference X X X X X X X X X X

Equipment Item Number and Service Name X X X X X X X X X X

Enquiry or Purchase Order Number X X X X X X X X X X

Other Identification Specified on Enquiry or P.O. X X X X X X X X X XManufacturer Job I.D. Number or Reference X X X X X X X X X X

SEAL MANUFACTURER DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS

DESIGNPROPOSALS

CONTRACTEDORDERS

Category CategoryTYPE OF DOCUMENTATION

( Units System = Dual U.S. Customary Units and S.I. Units )1 2 3 1 2 3

Completed API 682 Mechanical Seal Data Sheet or Equivalent X X X X X X

X X X X XCross Sectional Drawing (Typical) Including :

Dimensions for seal-to-equipment fit; i.e. seal chamber bore, seal chamber depth,

gland plate port connections, & distance to first obstruction.Overall seal boundary dimensions & relevant seal setting dimensions.Seal axial tolerance to differential shaft-to-casing movement.Material specifications.When the seal requires pump modifications, a seal chamber drawing denoting the

modifications & showing the seal assembly or reference to a seal drawing.

( 1 ) ( 1 ) XCross Sectional Drawing (Specific) Including :

All seal parts related to the order & all pump components related to the seal.Overall seal boundary dimensions & relevant seal setting dimensions.Allowable seal axial movement from base setting position.Pump dimensions at the interface with the seal.Dimensions locating seal chamber & gland plate port connections.Auxiliary system & utility specifications with respective connecting dimensions.Seal category, type, & arrangement.Pump process & seal operating conditions.

Appropriate labeling & bill of materials reference with materials & item descriptions.

X X X XAuxiliary System Schematic Including :

Piping & instrumentation diagram.All external utility requirements & positions.Appropriate labeling & bill of materials reference.Buffer/barrier fluid specifications.Hydrotest pressure (where applicable) & maximum design pressure & temperature.Size & set pressure of relief valves.

( 1 ) Shall be supplied if significant pump modifications are required to accommodate the seal design.


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DESIGNPROPOSALS

CONTRACTEDORDERS

Category CategoryTYPE OF DOCUMENTATION

( Units System = Dual U.S. Customary Units and S.I. Units )1 2 3 1 2 3

XDetailed Auxiliary System Drawing Including :

All mounting & overall boundary dimensions.All external utility requirements & positions.All connecting pipe locations, types, & sizes.Appropriate labeling & bill of materials reference.Buffer/barrier fluid specifications.Equipment & alarm set points.Hydrotest pressure (where applicable) & maximum design pressure & temperature.Orifice size.Size & set pressure of relief valves.

Detailed Bill of Materials for Seal (W/Recommended Spare Parts) & Auxiliary System X X X X

Exceptions to API 682 Second Edition X X X

Alternatives Proposed X X XEstimated 2NC-CS Seal Leakage at Rated Seal Chamber Pressure X X X

XSeal Design Performance Parameters Including :

Dynamic sealing pressure ratings & static sealing pressure ratings.Maximum reverse pressure capability (where appropriate).Maximum & minimum operating temperatures.

XSeal Qualification Test Results and Certification Including :

API 682 Mechanical Seal Test Qualification Form or equivalent & relevant data.Certification that qualification tests were conducted per API 682 requirements.Clarification of design/specification differences between the test & proposed seals.Any conditions observed that would jeopardize the seals ability to meet reliability &

performance requirements of the API 682 Standard.

Hydrostatic Test Certification X

Completed API 682 Mechanical Seals Data Requirements Form or Equivalent ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )Seal Axial Thrust Force Applied to the Shaft X X

Seal Energy & Heat Soak Calculations X

Internal Circulating Device Performance Test Data X

System Resistance Curve X

X XInstallation, Operation, and Maintenance Instructions (Typical) :

A copy written in English should be included with the seal & auxiliary system supplied.Include adequate instructions & cross-reference lists of all the drawings & bills of

materials needed to properly install, operate, & maintain all equipment on the P.O.Include recommended torque values for all fasteners used in the seal, reservoir

flange, & level gauge.

XInstallation, Operation, and Maintenance Instructions (Specific) :

Include adequate instructions & cross-reference lists of all the drawings & bills of

materials needed to properly install, operate, & maintain all equipment on the P.O.Compile information in manuals with cover sheets (include document I.D. info

required), index sheets, & complete lists of all drawings by title & drawing number.Manuals should be prepared specifically for the equipment covered on the P.O.Typical or generic instruction manuals are NOT ACCEPTABLE.

( 3 ) ( 3 ) ( 3 )Material Safety Data Sheets :

Material Safety Data Sheets should be provided for specific paints, preservatives,coatings, and chemicals supplied with or applied to the seal or auxiliary system.

( 2 ) If specified.

( 3 ) If required by regulations.


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QUESTIONS THAT MIGHT BE ASKED

Q

: Must all seals that are purchased for applications covered by API Standard 682

-

Second Editioncomply fully with the design requirements of this standard?

A : Applications covered by API Standard 682 may require different features than specified within itAPI Standard 682 is not meant to inhibit a seal manufacturer from offering or a purchaser fromaccepting equipment or engineering solutions that vary from its guidelines but still provide targetedoperating performance. However, alternative products or products not fully compliant with APStandard 682 should be identified.

Q: What should be done when the seal design offered by the seal manufacturer can not address anapplications operating conditions that are within the API Standard 682 -Second Edition operatingwindow but are outside the capabilities of the offered seals design?

A : When this situation arises, an engineered seal or a special modified version of the originally offered

seal would need to be designed depending on the need involved. While some base seals offeredmay not address all of their potential applications or the full range of conditions specified by APStandard 682, they typically apply to a majority of them and at a lower cost to the purchaser thanstandardizing on a more expensive engineered version targeted toward the relatively few.

Q: If a mechanical seal design presents exceptions to API Standard 682-Second Edition, would thepurchaser or end user experience operating or reliability problems due to those exceptions?

A : The Flowserve seals offered, with or without exceptions, are designed to provide the operatingperformance and reliability dictated by API Standard 682 within each designs specified limits.Each design qualification tested according to API Standard 682 guidelines provide proof that thesecapabilities can be achieved in properly operated and maintained equipment.

Q: How should applications with operating conditions falling outside the window specified in APStandard 682-Second Edition be addressed?

A : Applications where temperature, pressure, speed, and/or shaft sizing fall outside one or moreoperating range of API Standard 682 may use the API Standard 682 design requirements as aguideline. However, it is not necessary for them to provide the same compliance. Suchapplications are recognized as typically needing engineering and seal selection considerationsbeyond those specified in API Standard 682.

Q: Can the Category specific designs be used for other Category applications; i.e. Category 1 sealsfor Category 3 applications, Category 3 seals for Category 1 applications, etc. ?

A : The purpose of API Standard 682-Second Edition is to help purchasers and seal manufacturersselect the most appropriate mechanical seals for each level of application. In some instances, the

same seal design may be specified for more than one Category which sometimes makes thispractice fully acceptable. However, the API Standard 682 guidelines presented and the seadesigns offered by the seal manufacturers are based on the accummulated knowledge andexperience of manufacturers and users and should be followed whenever practical. Theacceptability of alternately applying Category specific designs will depend on the combined fit ofthe operating conditions, the target equipment or pump, and the mechanical seal design. Suchdecisions should be carefully evaluated by the purchaser and the seal manufacturer to prevent seamisapplication, unreliable performance, and creation of costly special engineered designs.


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Q: Since the API Standard 682-Second Edition Type A pusher and Type B metal bellows seals bothaddress the same operating parameters but with different design technologies, is one design

preferred over the other

?A : This decision is more a preference of the purchaser based on the existing technologies in use, pas

reliability preferences, and design availability from the seal manufacturer. API Standard 682 doesnot directly specify a priority for application in its design requirements. However, more often thannot, the API Standard 682 seal selection process results in the Type A pusher design being theprimary selection with the Type B metal bellows design being the secondary or optional solution.

Q: Must all dual Arrangment 2 and Arrangement 3 seal asemblies be either a Type A, Type B, or TypeC design exclusively at both inner and outer seal positions ?

A : API Standard 682-Second Edition does not specify whether seal types can or can not be mixedwithin a multiseal assembly. It is not a normal practice to do so and it is typically assumed that theintent is for all Arrangement 2 and Arrangement 3 configurations targeted for standard seal use in

each position not mix the seal types because they are integral to both the primary and secondaryperformance goals based on their respective seal type technologies. This would especially be truefor the CW configurations since the Mechanical Seal Data Sheets qualify the seal type selectionbased on the CW code. Most NC configurations are Type A designs, though Flowserve doeshave a lower duty Type B design for NC use, and API Standard 682 may not see the need yet tosimilarly reference NC c

api 682 guidelines

Documents

seal application chart

flowserve seal application

units of measure page

seal arrangements chart

applied seal types

seal type b application

seal type c application

scope of seal designs