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APA Style Workshop

An Introductory Presentation Based on the 6th Edition APA Style Manual

1This presentation will coverWhat is APA Style?How does APA Style look?Title PageIn-Text CitationsReference PageHeadingsQuestions?2Why Use APA Style?

Allows reader to cross-reference sources easily

Consistent format within a discipline

Gives credibility as a writer

Protection from plagiarism when used properly

3Where is APA Style Located?

Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed.

Writing Tutors School of Social Work and University WideAmerican Psychological Associationwww.apastyle.org

OWL website FREE to all: http://owl.english.purdue.edu4Current APA Style Manual

5This is the APA Style Publication Manual. 6th ed.An APA Style Checklist Double spacing throughout1 inch margins on all sides of pageA complete title pageA legible 12 pt. font throughoutManuscript pages have a running head along with the page number on each pageA complete reference pageClearly labeled appendices Proper citations throughout6Title Page

Students paper in APA Style should include a title page.

Include the papers title and the authors name and affiliation.7APA Style: Two Main Concerns

In-Text Citations

Reference Page8In-Text Citations9In-Text CitationsWhen summarizing facts and ideas from a sourceWhen paraphrasing a sourceWhen quoting any words that belong to others

When Should Students Use In-Text Citations?10Quotes in Text

Authors last name, publication year, and page number(s) of quote must appear in the text:1. According to Smith (2006), "Students often had difficulty using the library, especially when it was their first time" (p. 75).

2. She stated, "Students often had difficulty using the library" (Smith, 2006, p. 75), but she did not offer an explanation as to why.11Paraphrasing in TextIf you paraphrase an idea from a source, you only have to make reference to the author and year of publication in your in-text reference, but APA guidelines encourage you to also provide the page number (although it is not required).

According to Johnson (2006), APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners.

APA style is a difficult citation format for first-time learners (Johnson, 2006, p. 199).In-Text CitationsSometimes additional information is necessary

If citing a work that has no author, no date, and no page numbers ("Tutoring and APA," n.d.). Two or more works in the same parentheses(Yee, 1996; Leone, 1975; Gill, 1997).Work with three or more authors(Van Dyke et al., 1998).Specific part of a source(Jones, 1995, . 2). or (Jones, 1995, chap. 2).

13In-Text CitationsA reference to a personal communication:Source: email message from W. Geoffrey YoungCitation: (W. G. Young, personal communication, May 16, 2011).

14In-Text CitationsExample:Statham (1993) found the following: Students often had difficulty using APA style, especially when it was their first time citing sources. This difficulty could be attributed to the fact that many students failed to purchase a style manual or to ask their teacher for help. (p. 199)Long Quotations (block quotes)15Reference PageReference Page

A list of every source that a student makes reference to in an essay.

Provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any sources cited in an essay.

Each retrievable source cited in an essay must appear on the reference page, and vice versa.A Reference Page is Necessary in an APA Style Paper17Sample Reference Page

Photo source: http://www.matchware.com/en/special/apa-bibliography.php18Reference Page ContinuedSecondary sourcesIn-Text citation would beIn Smiths study (as cited in Jones 1993), ... In the reference page, Jones would be listed as a source.Use secondary sources VERY sparingly.19More Examples of ReferencesA journal article with one authorHarlow, H. F. (1983). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 45, 893-896. A source with no known authorCigarette sales fall 30% as California tax rises. (1999, September 14). New York Times, p. A17.

20Headings in APA Style21Why Use Headings in APA Style?APA Style uses headings to help a reader easily understand the organization of a paperLevels of heading establish via format or appearance the hierarchy of sections to orient the readerAll topics of equal importance have the same level heading throughout a paperWhy Headings Make SenseTransitions are clearEasy to orient the readerMost published work we read contains headings for ease of reading, why shouldnt papers?

Three Examples of HeadingsOne level

Centered Boldface Uppercase and Lowercase LettersTwo levels

Centered Boldface Uppercase and Lowercase LettersFlush Left Boldface Uppercase and Lowercase LettersThree levels

Centered Boldface Uppercase and Lowercase LettersFlush Left Boldface Uppercase and Lowercase LettersIndented boldface lowercase paragraph letters ending with a period. 24Suggestions For Further ReadingOn Writing Well, 25th Anniversary : The Classic Guide to Writing Nonfiction - by William K. ZinsserPublication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Sixth Editionby - American Psychological AssociationPurdue Universitys Writing Lab - http://owl.english.purdue.eduPlagiarism dot org - http://www.plagiarism.orghttp://doso.wayne.edu/student-conduct/Academic_Integrity.html25THE END!If you have any additional questions regarding APA Style, please make an appointment with your tutor!

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