APA Citations

Beware of the person who can't be bothered by details.

William FeatherPublisher & Author

APA Citation Examples• Journal Article• Book• Book Chapter• Dissertation• Nonperiodical Web Document• All Others…

Journal Article• General FormAuthor, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year). Title of

article. Title of Journal, volume #, nn-nn.• ExampleWright, S. P., Horn, L. J., & Sanders, W. L.

(1997). Teachers and classrooms context effects on student achievement: Implications for teacher evaluation. Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education, 11, 57-67.

Journal Article: Details

Journal Article: Example 1

Gerend, M. A. (2009). Does calorie information promote lower calorie fast food choices among college students? Journal of Adolescent Health, 44, 84-86.

Journal Article: Example 2

Miley, W. M., & Gonsalves, S. (2003). What you don’t know can hurt you: Students’ perceptions of professors’ annoying teaching habits. College Student Journal, 37, 447-455.

Book• General FormAuthor, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year). Title of

book. City, ST: Publisher.• ExampleRaths, L. E., Wassermann, S., Jonas, A., &

Rothstein, A. (1986). Teaching for thinking: Theory, strategies, and activities for the classroom. (2nd ed.). New York: Teachers College, Columbia University.

Book Chapter• General FormAuthor, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year). Title of

chapter. In A. Editor, B. Editor, & C. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (p. # or pp. #-#). City, ST: Publisher.

• ExampleStallings, J. (1977). How instructional processes

relate to child outcomes. In G. D. Borich, & K. S. Fenton (Eds.), The appraisal of teaching: Concepts and process (pp. 104-113). Reading, MA: Wiley & Sons.

Dissertation• General FormAuthor, A. A. (year). Title of dissertation.

Retrieved from Name of Database. (AAT #)• ExampleBiswas, S. (2008). Dopamine D3 receptor: A

neuroprotective treatment target in Parkinson's disease. Retrieved from ProQuest Digital Dissertations. (AAT 3295214)

ERIC Document• General FormAuthor, A. A., & Author, B. B. (year). Title of article.

City, ST: Institutional (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED ### ###).

• ExampleKerker, R. M., & Clements, R. O. (1981). Reducing

and combining classroom observation categories into behavioral profiles. Austin, TX: Research and Development Center for Teacher Education. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 230 492).

Nonperiodical Web Document• General FormAuthor, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication).

Title of document. Retrieved from http://web address

• ExampleAngeli, E., & Brizee, A. (2010, May 5). General

format. Retrieved from http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/

If there is no date of publication, use (n.d.) for no date.

All Others…• When in doubt, search Google for:APA 6th Edition [type of publication]

• See also:http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/

My Deviations from Strict APAPaivio, A. (1975). Perceptual comparisons

through the mind's eye. Memory & Cognition, 3, 635-647. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225

Hamfi, A. G. (1981). The funny nature of dogs. E-Journal of Applied Psychology, 2(2), 38-48. Retrieved from http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/fdoDo not include the directory or data

source for your articles as shown above.

Other Issues• Don’t copy other people’s citations, even the original author—they’re often wrong.

• Spell out completely the name of journals.• Don’t use online formatting sites—I’ve never found one that is 100% correct.

• When to use the issue number (see example 2 on previous slide)

• Never pay for a research article.

Research Question Development

Do this for three articles related to one of your research question.

Research Question Development